JPH0432749A - Light quantity adjustment control system for milling rate sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To properly adjust the quantity of light by varying the quantity of transmitted light and then moving the transmitted light quantity distribution into a proper range, and to decide that the milling rate sensor is abnormal unless the light quantity adjustment ends with the maximum and minimum values of the light quantity variation. CONSTITUTION:Rubbed rice 3 is passed through irradiation light from a light emitting element 16, grain by grain, and the milling rate sensor 1 detects the quantity of transmitted light that a light receiving element 17 receives and outputs the detected quantity to a milling rate controller 10. The controller 10 calculates a milling rate such as the threshold value of the transmitted light quantity distribution 4. Further, a light quantity controller 18 as part of the controller 10 has an output circuit 19 which inverts the output voltage to adjust and control the quantity of light of the element 16 automatically and adjusts the quantity of light of the element 16 so that the unpolished rice mean block value of the distribution 4 is put in a light quantity adjustment set range (proper range) L by varying the quantity of light; when the mean block value enters the range L, the adjustment control is finished. When the quantity of light does not enter the range L while varying from the minimum value to the maximum value, abnormality is decided and the milling rate control by the sensor 1 is not performed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to a light amount adjustment control method for a dehulling rate sensor, and can be used to control the dehulling rate of a rice huller.

(Prior art and problem to be solved by the invention) While flowing the rubbed rice scraped out by the desorption device into the sensor light emitting area where light is emitted from the light emitting element to the light receiving element, the light transmitted by this sensor light emitting For the removal rate sensor that creates a transmitted light amount distribution based on the light amount and calculates the removal rate, even if the supply of polished rice to the removal rate sensor is accurate, the amount of light emitted by the light emitting element may not be appropriate. If the amount of light is not adjusted, or if the amount of light cannot be adjusted even if the amount of light is adjusted, the transmitted light amount distribution may not be created accurately, and the removal rate may be inaccurate.

It is possible that the abnormality is not only on the side of the removal rate sensor, but also on the light amount output circuit of the controller that controls it. If the transmitted light amount distribution does not change in an abnormal situation, the light amount output will be fixed at the upper or lower limit within the light amount change range.

This invention solves such defects, and even if there is an interrupt signal from the removal rate sensor or the controller changes the light intensity voltage to the maximum or minimum, if the light intensity adjustment process does not end. , this removal rate sensor will be determined to be abnormal and the following measures will be taken.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention allows grained rice to pass through a sensor light emitting area, and determines a threshold value, which is the boundary between paddy and brown rice, based on the transmitted light amount distribution by the sensor light emitting area, and removes the rice. ■ In the exit rate sensor that calculates the rate, the transmitted light amount distribution is moved within the appropriate range by changing the transmitted light amount, and the appropriate light amount is adjusted.
The light amount adjustment control method is characterized in that when the light amount adjustment is not completed at the maximum value or the minimum value of the light amount change, it is determined that the exit rate sensor is abnormal.

(Function) While feeding each grain of polished rice into the light projection area of the removal rate sensor, a transmitted light amount distribution is created by detecting the amount of transmitted light emitted by the sensor. Based on this transmitted light amount distribution,
A threshold value, which is the boundary between paddy and brown rice, is calculated, and the removal rate is calculated and controlled based on the ratio of the transmitted light amount distribution between the brown rice side and the paddy side, with this threshold as the boundary.

In such a discharge rate sensor, the amount of light is adjusted to an appropriate amount. When the controller changes the output voltage for the removal rate sensor, the transmitted light amount distribution created by the supply of the washed rice is moved. Therefore, the movement position within this appropriate range is determined in advance, and the light amount is changed once, for example, During the change control from the minimum value to the maximum value, if a predetermined position of the transmitted light amount distribution falls within the appropriate range, the light amount at this time is set as the appropriate light amount and the defect rate detection is performed, but the light amount change is not performed. If none of the values are within the appropriate range between the minimum value and the maximum value, this is considered to be an abnormality, and the removal rate control using the removal rate sensor is not performed, and, for example, removal control using load control is performed. Take corresponding measures such as switching.

(Effects of the Invention) In this way, when the amount of transmitted light in the %-1 ratio sensor does not fall within the appropriate range, either at the minimum value or at the maximum value, the %-x ratio sensor is treated as having an abnormality. Therefore, the light amount adjustment process can be performed in a short time, and subsequent abnormality processing and failure rate calculation processing can be quickly performed.

(Example) In the rotation, the huller is equipped with a pair of dehulling rolls 5 and 6 at the top of the machine body, which have a difference in rotational circumferential speed, as shown in FIG.
A paddy-hulling device 2 consisting of a paddy-hulling device 2, a paddy supply funnel 7 that supplies paddy to the hulling device 2, and a rotating sorting tube that sorts the crushed rice 3 removed by the hulling device 2 into brown rice G and paddy M. sorting device 8
In addition, a wind selection device 9 for wind-selecting the rice removed by the hulling device 2 is provided at the bottom of the machine.

Also, on one side of the machine, there is a deactivation rate control device 1 that controls the hulling.
0 is provided, and there is also provided a breaking rate sensor 1 which detects the breaking rate from some of the sampled grains of the washed rice while flowing down the sampled grains. Reference numeral 11 denotes a crushed rice grain lifting machine, which receives the crushed rice crushed by the hulling device 2 and the returned mixed rice sorted by the first sorting device 8, and sends the grain to this sorting device 8 for frying. . Reference numeral 12 denotes a brown rice frying machine, which is configured to receive and take out the brown rice that has been air-sorted by the brown rice wind-selecting device 13 below the sorting device 2. Reference numeral 14 denotes a dust extractor that sucks and discharges the rice husks, dust, etc. that have been air-selected by the wind-selecting devices 13.9.

In FIG. 1, a removal rate control device 10 having a microcomputer CPU receives input from a removal rate sensor 1 and controls output of a gap control motor 15 that adjusts the roll gap between removal rolls 5 and 6. It is configured to do this. The removal rate sensor 1 allows the light emitted from the light emitting element 16 to the light receiving element 17 to pass through each sampling grain of the polished rice 3, thereby detecting the value of the light receiving element 17 when the sampled grains are irradiated. The amount of transmitted light received is detected and outputted to the removal rate control device 10.

The light amount control device 18 is provided as a part of the deactivation rate control device 10, and has a light amount adjustment output circuit 19 that automatically adjusts and controls the light amount of the light emitting element 16 by inverting the output voltage.
Further, an input circuit 20 receives the amount of transmitted light for each grain detected by the light receiving element 17, and a grain signal detection circuit 2 detects a signal for each grain.
1 is provided, and the amount of light emitted by the light emitting element 16 is automatically adjusted and controlled so that it falls within a light amount adjustment setting range (appropriate range) L based on a preset reference voltage.

Regarding the arithmetic processing control of the removal rate in the removal rate control device 10, FIG. Transmittance particle number distribution curve (hereinafter referred to as transmitted light amount distribution) graphically displayed (displayed on the display)
This figure shows the general form of 4. The calculation process of the breakout rate in the breakout rate control device 10 is as follows: (1) Graphic processing control of the transmitted light amount distribution 4 is performed.

(2) From this transmitted light amount distribution 4, the brown rice average block value KG
and the paddy average block value KM are calculated and controlled.

(3) The calculation process is controlled using the boundary block value, which is the boundary position between brown rice G and paddy M in the transmitted light amount distribution 4, as a threshold value.

(4) With this threshold value K as the boundary, the number of grains sampled on the brown rice G side and the number of grains sampled on the paddy M side are removed.
Calculate and control the rate.

To explain this threshold value calculation control performed in each step in more detail, the transmittance of the amount of transmitted light is calculated from the maximum transmittance to the minimum transmittance in each block from 1 to N, as shown in FIG. It is classified into N. Therefore, the number of grains sampled twice is set to 200, for example.
0 grains, the detection time by the removal rate sensor 1 is 20 seconds,
The number of blocks N is 64 blocks. Further, the output voltage corresponding to each average amount of transmitted light among the total number of blocks N is set to be output as a signal voltage of 0 to 10V (volts).

The brown rice average block value KG is the brown rice Q average value, and this calculation is based on the number of grains when the number of brown rice grains is at the peak value in Figure 5, and a fixed value (for example, 25 grains) from this reference grain number.
The value obtained by dividing the sum of the block light amount integration for the number of grains within the range by the sum of the number of grains. That is, the average amount of transmitted light per grain of brown rice at its peak value is determined. In this case, when the number of blocks with a peak grain count of 25 or more is less than 10 blocks, for example, the calculation is performed in the same manner as above as the top 10 blocks.

The paddy average block value KM is the average value of paddy.

In this calculation, the maximum block is a block obtained by cutting, for example, 5 grains from the paddy side of the total number of sampled grains (2000 grains), and a certain number of blocks (for example, 10 blocks) from this paddy side.
The value obtained by dividing the added value of the integrated light amount by the added value of the number of grains.

That is, the average amount of transmitted light per grain in the M peak value portion of the rice grain is determined.

In this way, when the average block value KO of brown rice and the average block value KM of paddy are obtained, the threshold value K which is the boundary block value is determined by each average block value KG, KM.
is calculated using the following formula.

K= (KM-KO)

Less than 100 grains...k=0.55100~14
9 grains ・・・k=0.47150 grains or more ・・・k
= 0.40 When calculating the removal rate based on the distribution of sampled grains of polished rice, the distribution for the transmittance of the emitted light from the removal rate sensor 1 is not a distribution form in which brown rice G and paddy M are completely separated; The distribution has a portion where both of them are phase-polymerized near the threshold value, and the accuracy of the calculated removal rate is determined by the threshold value K. By taking advantage of the fact that the number of grains in the upper block on the fine side changes depending on the actual shedding rate, and adjusting the position of the boundary block according to the number of grains, the accuracy of the calculated shedding rate relative to the actual shedding rate can be improved. I can do it.

Once the threshold value K is determined in this way, for example, the ratio of the total number of grains of brown rice G on the brown rice side is calculated from the threshold value K to the total number of grains sampled (2,000 grains) as shown in the following equation. Find it and use it as the exit rate.

Elimination rate = ((total number of grains sampled - total number of grains in blocks above the threshold value)/total number of grains sampled) X10
0 (%) When the removal rate is calculated in this manner, the gap control motor 15 is outputted to adjust the roll gap so that the calculated removal rate becomes the set removal rate.

The light amount adjustment control will be explained with reference to FIG. The transmitted light amount distribution 4 is moved in the horizontal direction by changing the amount of light emitted from the light emitting element 16 of the exfoliation rate sensor 1. Brown rice G and paddy M
An appropriate range (light intensity adjustment setting range) L suitable for discrimination is determined in advance, and when the brown rice average block value KG, which is the peak value of the brown rice average block of transmittance distribution 4, falls within this appropriate range, the (2) The control structure is configured so that the light amount adjustment control of the rate sensor 1 is completed.

Based on the signal from the sampling grains of the polished rice 3 that actually pass through, the sensor light amount of the removal rate sensor 1 is adjusted to the appropriate light amount. The signal of the sampling grain is divided into N divisions as a signal voltage (0 to 10V), the frequency of each block in each division is calculated and expressed as a frequency distribution, and the voltage of the brown rice average block value KG of transmitted light amount distribution 4, which is the maximum frequency, is calculated. Regarded as the average signal voltage of brown rice.

The amount of light from the sensor is adjusted and outputted by the light amount control device 18 in the removal rate control device 10 so that the brown rice voltage falls within an appropriate range. The light amount adjustment output increases the sensor light amount to make it brighter (F F- for light amount dollar)
00), the transmitted light amount distribution 4 moves to the low signal voltage side, and when the sensor light amount is decreased to make it darker (00→FF), it moves to the high signal voltage side.

By default, the light amount data is cleared, so
Start at the darkest side IOV (FF) and move it by ΔB while checking the subsequent distribution state to position it within the appropriate light amount range.

The start and end of the light amount adjustment control of the exit rate sensor 1 is configured to be performed during automatic operation, for example, as follows. When the initial light amount voltage is cleared, the light amount adjustment is started by opening the shutter of the paddy supply funnel 7, and the initial light amount adjustment is performed. sampling grains,
When the brown rice block value KG based on the data of 2000 grains is not within the appropriate range three times in a row,
Light amount adjustment control is started. Of this 2000 grain data, the brown rice block value KG of 500 grain distribution is 1 within the appropriate range.
Once again, the distribution of 500 grains is taken again at the light amount at this time, and when the brown rice block value KG falls within the appropriate range again, the light amount adjustment control is ended.

In such a deactivation rate control device 10, when the detection signal from the one grain signal detection circuit 21 does not reach a certain number of grains within a certain time, for example, it reaches 2000 grains in 20 seconds or 500 grains in 5 seconds. If not, as shown in Fig. 6, this is determined to be an abnormal state of the removal rate sensor 1, and the operation is continued by switching to the load control mode until the grain interruption returns to a constant number of grains. Then, the control mode is returned to the withdrawal rate control mode and the control is restarted from the initial position.

That is, when the control state is determined to be read by the interrupt return of a certain number of grains by the removal rate sensor 1 and the return is made to the removal rate control mode, this return occurs in the middle of the light amount adjustment control in the removal rate control process. If so, the light amount adjustment control is restarted from the beginning, and if the light amount adjustment control has been completed, the threshold value calculation processing control is restarted from the beginning.

In Fig. 4, in the light intensity adjustment process starting from the lowest light intensity, the light intensity is changed at T1 for a short time until the first grain interruption is detected, and after the interruption is detected, the light intensity is changed from T1. If the control is configured such that the light intensity is changed until a certain number of grains are detected within a long fixed time T2, and if this cannot be detected even after changing the fixed light intensity, it is determined that the removal rate sensor is abnormal, the light intensity adjustment can be performed. in a short time.

And it can be done reliably.

When the output signal from the light amount adjustment control device 18 controls the amount of light emitted from the light emitting element 16 of the removal rate sensor 1 by 11 points and moves the transmitted light amount distribution 4 as shown in FIG. It is sufficient to be able to detect a certain number of grains in order to obtain the transmitted light amount distribution 4, but when starting from the lowest light amount considering variations in sensor sensitivity, first make sure that the light amount is such that a certain number of grains can be detected within a certain time. It is necessary to do so. Fourth
In step (2) in the figure, the light amount is set to 1 so that grain breakage can be detected in a short period of time T1. In step (2), the amount of light is set to 2 so that a certain number of grains can be detected within a certain time T2.

In step (2), the amount of light is set to be within the appropriate range I.

When starting the light intensity adjustment from the lowest light intensity, even if the light intensity has started to detect grain breakage, the light intensity is still low and there is a risk that it will not be possible to detect a certain number of grains within a certain period of time. The distribution waveform detection of the transmitted light amount distribution is performed after changing the light amount to a value that allows a certain number of particles to be detected. As a result, in the middle of changing the light amount, when the rolled rice is flowing normally, there will be no erroneous determination that the removal rate sensor is abnormal, and the light amount can be adjusted reliably.

In this way, when the transmitted light amount distribution 4 is detected by input reading of a fixed number of grains, and the brown rice block value KG of this transmitted light amount distribution 4 does not fall within the appropriate range by adjusting the light amount, that is, as shown in FIG. If the amount of light does not fall within the appropriate range even if the light amount is adjusted from the lower limit value (N) to the upper limit value (1), it is determined that the removal rate sensor 1 is abnormal. This abnormal display is performed, and this
The dehulling rate control mode by the rate sensor 1 is switched to the load control mode, and the hulling work is performed. When the abnormality of the husking rate sensor 1 is cleared during the hulling work in this load control mode, the husking rate calculation control is restarted and the husking rate control is performed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figures show one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the removal rate control, Fig. 2 is a transmitted light amount distribution graph in the removal rate sensor, and Fig. 3 is an abnormality check of the removal rate sensor. Flowchart of control, Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a partial example, Fig. 5 is a transmitted light amount distribution graph, Fig. 6 is a flowchart of abnormality check control of the removal rate sensor, Fig. 7 is a slope of the huller. Show the diagram. (Explanation of symbols) 1 De-hulling rate sensor 2 Hulling device 3 Dehulled rice 4 Transmitted light amount distribution 5.6 De-rolled paddy G Brown rice K Threshold L Appropriate range

Claims (1)

[Claims] While the rice is passed through the sensor light emitting area, the shedding rate sensor calculates the shedding rate by determining the threshold value that is the boundary between paddy and brown rice based on the distribution of the amount of transmitted light from the sensor light emitting area. By changing the light amount, the transmitted light amount distribution is moved within the appropriate range to adjust the light amount appropriately, and if the light amount adjustment does not end at the maximum or minimum value of the light amount change, it is determined that the defect rate sensor is abnormal. A light amount adjustment control method characterized by: