JPH0438451A - Dehulling rate sensor of huller - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To automatically discriminate between nonglutinous rice and glutinous rice by discriminating the difference between the mean value in the quantity-of- transmitted light distribution only of unhulled rice due to a dehulling rate sensor and the mean value of an unhulled rice part in the quantity-of-transmitted light distribution of hulled rice. CONSTITUTION:The threshold value K being the boundary of unhulled rice M and unpolished rice G is calculated on the basis of the quantity-of-light distribution 4 due to a dehulling rate sensor 1 while the hulled rice 3 due to a huller 2 is passed through the light projecting region of the dehulling rate sensor 1 to calculate a dehulling rate and the gap between a pair of dehulling rolls 5, 6 is controlled on the basis of the dehulling rate. At this time, the quantity-of- transmitted light distribution only due to unhulled rice by the dehulling rate sensor 1 is compared with the aforementioned quantity-of-transmitted light distribution to automatically discriminate between nonglutinous rice and glutinous rice.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a dehulling rate sensor that detects the dehulling rate of a rice huller.

(Prior Art and Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As a non-efficiency sensor, a light emitting element and a light receiving element are used.
In the method of detecting the rate of removal by transmittance distribution of the amount of light transmitted by the sensor light emitted from the suride rice, the amount of transmitted light differs depending on whether the suride rice is non-glutinous or glutinous, and the same amount of light can be used for non-glutinous rice or glutinous rice. If both of these are detected, it is not possible to accurately control the exit rate. Therefore, in order to detect this removal rate, the type of paddy to be supplied is artificially determined in advance, and the detection control mode of the removal rate sensor is switched to non-glutinous rice or glutinous rice. The output light intensity of the glutinous rice removal rate sensor was set appropriately large, but if such a switching operation is forgotten or if the operation is performed incorrectly, an appropriate removal rate cannot be maintained. Therefore, the present invention utilizes the light transmitting characteristics of the sensor light emitted from the desorption rate sensor to accurately discriminate between non-glutinous rice and glutinous rice.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides for, while passing the removed rice 3 by the hulling device 2 through the sensor light emitting area of the removal rate sensor 1, by the transmitted light amount distribution 4 by the removal rate sensor 1, In the threshing rate control, the threshing rate is calculated by determining the threshold value K that is the boundary between the paddy M and the brown rice G, and the roll gap between the pair of threshing rolls 5 and 6 is adjusted and controlled based on this threshing rate. The dehulling rate sensor of the huller is configured to compare the transmitted light amount distribution E from only the paddy by the dehulling rate sensor 1 with the transmitted light amount distribution 4 to automatically discriminate between non-glutinous rice and glutinous rice.

(Function) Only paddy is supplied to the sensor light emitting area of the dehulling rate sensor 1, and the transmitted light amount distribution E, which is the transmittance distribution of the transmitted light amount by this sensor light emitted, is detected. #Roll 5, 6
By supplying the peeled rice 3 through the gap between the rolls, the shedding rate sensor 1 detects and forms the transmitted light amount distribution 4 in the same way, and the transmitted light amount distribution E due only to these paddy and the transmitted light amount distribution of the peeled rice are detected. Compare with 4. In general, in the distribution of the amount of transmitted light between brown rice and paddy in nonglutinous rice, the difference between the average value of the brown rice portion and the average value of the paddy portion is large, whereas in glutinous rice, these differences are small. Therefore, the difference between these average values is set in advance as a reference difference between non-glutinous rice and glutinous rice, and the difference in the transmitted light amount distribution 4 of the polished rice, obtained by comparing as described above, is The difference between the average value of the brown rice portion and the average value of the paddy portion of the transmitted light amount distribution E due to only the paddy is compared with the reference difference and determined to match.

(Effect of the invention) In this way, the difference between the average value of the transmitted light amount distribution E of only the paddy by the removal rate sensor 1 and the average value of the brown rice part in the transmitted light amount distribution 4 of the polished rice is determined, and the non-glutinous rice is Since the purpose is to determine whether the rice is sticky rice, at the start of the hulling operation, for example, first, the paddy alone is passed through the dehulling rate sensor 1 to be detected without being dehulled, and then the paddy is dehulled by the hulling device 2. By passing a part of the rice that has been removed from the grain to the dehulling rate sensor 1 and detecting it, the type of rice to be hulled is automatically determined, and the type of rice that has been removed from the hulling process is automatically determined. It is possible to control the withdrawal rate.

(Example) In the rotation, the hulling machine has a pair of dehulling rolls 5 and 6 at the top of the machine body, which have a difference in rotational circumferential speed, as shown in Fig. 4.
A paddy-hulling device 2 consisting of a paddy-hulling device 2, a paddy supply funnel 7 that supplies paddy to the hulling device 2, and a rotating sorting tube that sorts the crushed rice 3 removed by the hulling device 2 into brown rice G and paddy M. sorting device 8
In addition, a wind sorting device [9, etc.] for winnowing the rice removed by the hulling device 2 is provided at the bottom of the machine.

Also, on one side of the aircraft, there is a removal rate control device that controls the hulling! 1
0 is provided, and there is also provided a breaking rate sensor 1 which detects the breaking rate from some of the sampled grains of the washed rice while flowing down the sampled grains. Reference numeral 11 denotes a crushed rice grain lifting machine, which receives the crushed rice scraped by the huller W2, the returned mixed rice sorted by the sorting device 8, etc., and sends the grain to the sorting device 8 for frying. . Reference numeral 12 denotes a brown rice frying machine, which is configured to receive and take out the brown rice that has been air-sorted by the brown rice wind-selecting device 13 below the sorting device 2. 14 is a dust extractor and each wind sorting device.

This is to suck and discharge the rice husks, dust, etc. that were wind-selected in step 13.9.

In FIG. 1, a removal rate control device 10 having a microcomputer CPU receives input from a removal rate sensor 1 and controls output of a gap control motor 15 that adjusts the roll gap between removal rolls 5 and 6. It is configured to do this. The removal rate sensor 1 allows the light emitted from the light emitting element 16 to the light receiving element 17 to pass through each sampling grain of the polished rice 3, thereby detecting the value of the light receiving element 17 when the sampled grains are irradiated. The amount of transmitted light received is detected and outputted to the removal rate control device Wi10.

The paddy supplied to the paddy supply funnel 7 and the returned mixed rice returned from the sorting device 8 are removed from the paddy supply funnel 7.
A shutter 22 is provided between the rolls 5 and 6 for supplying and stopping the supply, and this shutter 22 is opened and closed by a solenoid output from the removal rate control device 10. Further, the deactivation rate control device 10 is provided with a discrimination circuit that discriminates between non-glutinous rice and glutinous rice.

The light amount control device 18 is a rate control device! ! 10, and includes an output circuit 19 for automatically adjusting the light amount of the light emitting element 16, and a light receiving element 17.
An input circuit 20 inputs the amount of transmitted light for each grain detected by the light emitting element 16, and a grain signal detection circuit 21 detects a signal for each grain. It is a configuration that is automatically adjusted and controlled so that the

Regarding the arithmetic processing control of the deactivation rate in the deactivation rate control device 10, FIG. This figure shows a general form of a graphic transmittance particle number distribution curve (hereinafter referred to as transmitted light amount distribution) 4 (displayed on a display). The calculation process of the deactivation rate in the deactivation rate control device 10 is as follows: (1) Graphic processing control of the transmitted light amount distribution 4 is performed.

(2) While creating this transmitted light amount distribution 4, the light amount is adjusted so that the brown rice average block value KG is entered in the light amount adjustment setting section BL.

(3) From this transmitted light amount distribution 4, the brown rice average block value KG
and the paddy average block value KM are calculated and controlled.

(4) The calculation process is controlled using the boundary block value, which is the boundary position between brown rice G and paddy M in the transmitted light amount distribution 4, as a threshold value.

(5) With this threshold value K as a boundary, the threshing rate is calculated and controlled based on the number of sampled grains on the brown rice G side and the number of sampled grains on the paddy M side.

To explain this threshold value calculation control performed in each step in more detail, the transmittance of the amount of transmitted light is calculated for each block from 1 to N from the maximum transmittance to the minimum transmittance as shown in Figure 3. It is classified into N. Therefore, the number of grains sampled twice is set to 200, for example.
0 grains, the detection time by the removal rate sensor 1 is 20 seconds,
The number of blocks N is 63 blocks. Further, the output voltage corresponding to each average amount of transmitted light among the total number of blocks rJ is set as a single signal voltage, and is set to be inverted and output as 0 to 10 V (volts).

The brown rice average block value KG is the average value of brown rice, and this calculation is based on the number of grains when the number of brown rice grains is at the peak value in Figure 3, and this reference grain number is set to a constant value (for example, 25 grains).
The value obtained by dividing the sum of block light quantity integration for the number of grains within the range by the sum of the number of grains. That is, the average amount of transmitted light per grain of brown rice at its peak value is determined. In this case, if the number of blocks with a peak grain count of 25 or more is less than, for example, 10 blocks, the calculation is performed in the same manner as above as the top 10 blocks.

The paddy average block value KM is the average value of paddy, and in this calculation, the maximum block is a block obtained by cutting, for example, 5 grains from the paddy side of the total number of sampled grains (2000 grains), and a certain block ( For example, the value obtained by dividing the sum of the light amount integration for 10 blocks by the sum of the number of particles. That is,
The average amount of transmitted light per grain of rice M peak value portion is determined.

In this way, when the brown rice average block value KG and the paddy average block value KM are determined, 1. Using these average block values KG and KM, a threshold value K, which is a boundary block value, is calculated using the following equation.

K= (KM-KG)

Set as follows.

Less than 100 grains...k=0.55100~149
Grains...k=0.47150 or more grains...k=
0.40 When calculating the removal rate from the distribution of sample grains of polished rice, the distribution for the transmittance of the emitted light from the removal rate sensor 1 is not a distribution form in which brown rice G and paddy M are completely separated, but both are separated. The distribution has a phase-polymerized portion close to the threshold value, and the accuracy of the calculated removal rate is determined by the threshold value K.

By taking advantage of the fact that the number of grains in the upper block on the rice side changes depending on the actual shedding rate and adjusting the position of the boundary block according to the number of grains, it is possible to improve the accuracy of the calculated shedding rate relative to the actual shedding rate. can.

In this way, once the threshold K is determined, the ratio of the total number of grains of brown rice G on the brown rice side is determined from the threshold K to the total number of grains sampled (2000 grains) as shown in the following equation. ■ Rate.

Elimination rate = ((total number of grains sampled - total number of grains in blocks above the threshold value)/total number of grains sampled) x 100
(%) When the removal rate is calculated in this way, the gap control motor 15 is outputted to adjust the roll gap so that the calculated removal rate becomes the set removal rate.

The light amount adjustment control will be explained with reference to FIG. The transmitted light amount distribution 4 is moved in the horizontal direction by changing the amount of light emitted from the light emitting element 16 of the exfoliation rate sensor 1. Brown rice G and paddy M
A light intensity adjustment setting range suitable for discrimination is determined in advance, and when the brown rice average block value KO, which is the peak value of the brown rice average block of transmittance distribution 4, falls within this light intensity adjustment setting range, the removal rate is determined. The control structure is configured so that the light amount adjustment control of the sensor 1 is completed.

Based on the signal of the sampling grains of the polished rice 3 that actually pass through, the sensor light amount of the removal rate sensor 1 is adjusted to an appropriate light amount.

The signal of the sampling grain is divided into N divisions as a signal voltage (O ~ 10V), the frequency of each block in each division is calculated and expressed as a frequency distribution, and the voltage of the brown rice average block value KG of transmitted light amount distribution 4, which is the maximum frequency, is calculated. Regarded as the average signal voltage of brown rice. The light amount of the sensor is adjusted and outputted by the light amount control device 18 in the removal rate control device 10 so that the brown rice voltage falls within an appropriate range. The light amount adjustment output increases the sensor light amount to make it brighter (FF → 00 for light amount dollar)
), the transmitted light amount distribution 4 moves to the low signal voltage side, and when the sensor light amount is decreased and darkened (00→FF), it moves to the high signal voltage side. In the initial setting, the light amount data is cleared, so the signal voltage on the darkest side is 10V (FF
), and while observing the subsequent distribution state, move it by ΔB to position it within the appropriate light amount range.

This light amount adjustment control is performed by calculating the difference ΔB between the block value NG at the center of the light amount adjustment setting range and the brown rice average block value NB of the four curves of the transmitted light amount distribution before adjustment.
By adjusting the output from the output circuit 19 under a constant changing light amount, the brown rice average block value KG of the transmitted light amount distribution 4 curve is moved from NB to NC, and this brown rice average block value KG becomes the light amount. When the adjustment setting range is entered, the amount of light emitted from the light emitting element 16 to the light receiving element 17 is determined.

In the dehulling rate control device 10, when the operation switch is turned on as shown in FIG. 5, the dehulling rolls 5 and 6 are transmitted and the rice grain is ready for hulling work. Paddy supply funnel 7
If you let them supply paddy.

First, the stripping rolls 5 and 6 are opened wide to a state where stripping is not performed, and the shutter 22 is opened appropriately.
A fixed amount of paddy is supplied over a predetermined period of time, and is fed into the light emitting area of the de-demolition rate sensor 1 at N without being de-degraded. As a result, the transmitted light amount distribution E of the rice grains is created (FIG. 6).

When the opening time of the shutter 22 has elapsed, the shutter 22 is closed, the roll gap between the rolls 5 and 6 is set to a constant gap, and the shutter 22 is opened again. At the same time as the shutter 22 opens, the removal rate control is started, and at the same time, some of the removed rice is supplied as a sampling to the removal rate sensor 1 and detected, and a transmitted light amount distribution 4 is created. (Figure 3).

The transmitted light amount distribution 4 (FIG. 3) of the polished rice created in this way and the transmitted light amount distribution E (FIG. 6) of only the paddy are combined and compared. At this time, in the combined transmitted light amount distribution (Figures 7 and 8), the transmitted light amount distribution E due to only the paddy is combined H with the transmitted light amount of the paddy M portion in the transmitted light amount distribution 4 of the polished rice, There is almost no change in the brown rice part. Moreover, it is already known in the synthetic transmitted light amount distribution H that the difference between the brown rice average block value Kg and the paddy average block value Km is large P (Figure 7) for non-glutinous rice, and small Q (Q) for glutinous rice. (Fig. 8), it is compared with a reference value set in advance in the de-eating rate control device 10 based on experimental values or the like, and it is determined whether the rice is close to non-glutinous rice or glutinous rice.

Based on this determination, other controls are performed in conjunction with each other. For example, in normal removal rate control, the light intensity adjustment setting of the removal rate sensor 1 is controlled to be suitable for detecting the removal rate of non-glutinous rice. When the actual hulled rice is determined to be non-glutinous rice as described above, the removal rate control is continued using the light intensity, but when it is determined to be glutinous rice, this is used to control the detection of glutinous rice. The amount of light is automatically adjusted to suit the situation.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figures show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a control block diagram, Figs. 2 and 3 are graphs of the transmitted light amount distribution in the removal rate sensor, Fig. 4 is a slope view of the hulling machine, and Fig. FIG. 5 is a diagram of a part of the control process, and FIGS. 6 to 8 are transmitted light quantity distribution graphs showing the non-glutinous rice and glutinous rice discrimination control process. (Explanation of symbols) 1 Deactivation rate sensor 2 Hulling device 3 Smoothed rice 4 Transmitted light amount distribution (smoothed rice) 5.6 De-roll 16 Light emitting element 18 Light amount control device 19 Output circuit G Brown rice
M Paddy G M Threshold transmitted light amount distribution (paddy) Brown rice average block value Paddy average block value

Claims (1)

[Claims] While passing the removed rice 3 by the hulling device 2 through the sensor light emitting area of the removal rate sensor 1, the threshold value which is the boundary between the paddy M and the brown rice G is determined by the transmitted light amount distribution 4 by the removal rate sensor 1. The removal rate is calculated by determining K, and the roll gap between the pair of removal rolls 5 and 6 is adjusted and controlled based on this removal rate.
A dehulling rate sensor of a huller that automatically discriminates between non-glutinous rice and glutinous rice by comparing the transmitted light amount distribution E of only the paddy by the dehulling rate sensor 1 with the transmitted light amount distribution 4 in rate control.