JPH03249954A - Adjusting and controlling system for quantity of light in husking ratio sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To adjust the quantity of light in a short time by setting the variable quantity of light per one time which is suitable to a grade, adjusting and controlling the quantity of light in the variable quantity of light while changing the quantity of light in the light emitting element for a husking ratio sensor. CONSTITUTION:The quantity of light in a husking ratio sensor 1 is adjusted at the proper quantity of light by the signal of sampling granules of husked rice 3 to be passed. The signal of sampling granules is partitioned as signal voltage. Frequencies per blocks of the respective partitions are calculated and shown in the frequency distribution. Voltage of the means block value of unpolished rice in the distribution 4 of the quantity of transmitted liquid which is the maximum frequency is considered as the mean signal voltage of unpolished rice. The quantity of light in the sensor is adjusted by the controlling device 18 for the quantity of light in a husking ratio controlling device 10 and is output so that this voltage of unpolished rice is regulated within proper range L. When the quantity of light in the sensor is made large, the distribution 4 of the quantity of transmitted light is transferred to the low signal voltage side. When the quantity of light in the sensor is made small, the distribution is transferred to the high signal voltage side. Thereby the amount of light is efficiently adjusted.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a light amount adjustment control method for a de-efficiency sensor.
Used as a dehulling rate sensor for rice hullers.

(Prior art and the problem to be solved by the invention) Slurred rice, which is a mixture of demolded brown rice and unhulled rice, is passed through the light emitting area where light is emitted from the light emitting element to the light receiving element. However, in the case of a de-dusting rate sensor that detects the de-dusting rate while distinguishing between brown rice and unhulled rice based on the amount of light transmitted by this projection,
It is necessary that the amount of light emitted by the light emitting element is sufficient, and therefore, it is necessary to properly adjust the amount of light.

However, in this light amount adjustment control, the transmittance is different even for the same brown rice or unhulled rice, such as non-glutinous rice and sticky rice, and the transmittance of sticky rice is lower. In the form of controlling the light amount based on the method, it takes a longer time to control the light amount for glutinous rice than for non-glutinous rice.

The present invention aims to complete the light amount adjustment in a short time even when the transmittance is low, such as with glutinous rice.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides a sensor light emitting area of the dehulling rate sensor 1 with a rice husk [
2, while allowing the rice 3 to pass through the grain, the threshold value K, which is the boundary between the paddy M and the brown rice G, is determined based on the transmitted light amount distribution 4 by the removal rate sensor 1, and the removal rate is calculated. In the deactivation rate control that adjusts and controls the roll gap between the pair of deactivation rolls 5 and 6 according to this deactivation rate, a changing light amount per one time that is adapted to one type of product is set, and based on this changing light amount. , while changing the light intensity of the light emitting element 16 of the removal rate sensor 1, the light intensity is automatically controlled so that the light reception level of the smooth rice 3 equivalent to brown rice G falls within a certain light intensity adjustment frequency range HL. The light amount adjustment control method of the depletion rate sensor is configured as follows.

(Function) Part of the removed rice 3 that is pushed out in the gap between the pair of removal rolls 5 and 6 is supplied to the light emitting area of the removal rate sensor 1 as sampling grains for detecting the removal rate. Ru. The amount of transmitted light for each grain of the polished rice 3 that falls into the light projection area of the removal rate sensor 1 is detected, and the threshold value K, which is the boundary between paddy M and brown rice G in this transmitted light amount distribution 4, is calculated. Then, the withdrawal rate is calculated.

Control is performed to adjust the gap between the rolls 5 and 6 so that this removal rate becomes a preset standard removal rate.

In such detection of sampled grains by the removal rate sensor 1, a light amount adjustment control of the amount of light emitted from the nine light emitting elements 16 to the light receiving element is performed. Then, the light intensity of the light emitting element]6 is sequentially adjusted m so that the light reception level of the portion corresponding to brown rice G in the transmitted light intensity distribution 4 falls within a certain light intensity adjustment range.

At this time, the light amount is changed by changing the output voltage etc. to the light emitting element 16, but before the adjustment starts, the light amount is set to a constant reference position voltage so that it is at the lowest position, and furthermore, for example, sampling Depending on whether the grains are non-glutinous rice or glutinous rice, a preset amount of light to be changed per time is selected, and based on this amount of light to be changed per time, the voltage is increased sequentially from the starting reference position voltage and adjusted in multiple steps. However, the light reception level of the portion corresponding to brown rice G in the transmitted light amount distribution 4 is controlled so as to fall within the light amount adjustment setting range. Since the light intensity per change for glutinous rice is set larger than that for non-glutinous rice, the number of light intensity changes falls within the light intensity adjustment setting range with the same number of adjustment control times or time for non-glutinous rice.

(Effects of the Invention) In this way, the output of the removal rate sensor 1 to the light emitting element 16 is adjusted and controlled by the light amount adjustment control device 18 to a changed light amount per time that is adapted to the product type, etc.
Even in the case of suride rice 3, which has a different amount of transmitted light, like the difference between non-glutinous rice and sticky rice.

In order to adjust the light amount based on the changed light amount according to these, the number of times the light amount adjustment is performed from the start to the end of the light amount adjustment,
The time or time can be kept constant, and the process can be carried out efficiently and in as short a time as possible.

(Example) In the example shown in Figure 1, the rice hulling machine has a pair of dehulling rolls 5 and 6 having a one-rotation circumferential speed difference at the top of one machine in Figure 4.
A rice hulling device consisting of 2. A sorting device 8 consisting of a paddy supply funnel 7 that supplies paddy to the hulling device 2, and a rotating sorting tube that sorts the crushed rice 3 removed by the hulling device 2 into brown rice G and paddy M.
In addition, at the bottom of the machine, there is a wind sorting device for wind-selecting the rice that has been removed by the rice huller W2. 9th grade is provided.

Also, on one side of the machine, there is a deactivation rate control device 1 that controls the hulling.
0 is provided, and a grain removal rate sensor 1 is provided which detects the removal rate from some of the sampled grains of the polished rice 3 while flowing down the sampled grains. Reference numeral 11 denotes a crushed rice grain lifting machine, which receives the crushed rice crushed by the hulling device 12, the returned mixed rice sorted by the sorting device [8], and sends the grain to the sorting device 8 for frying. be. 12 is a brown rice frying machine;
It is configured to receive and take out the brown rice that has been wind-selected by the brown rice wind-selecting device 13 below. 14 is a dust extractor, each wind sorting f[13,
This device sucks and discharges the rice husks, dust, etc. that were wind-selected in step 9.

In FIG. 1, a deactivation rate control device 10 having a microcomputer CPU receives input from a deactivation rate sensor 1 and controls output of a gap control motor 15 that adjusts the roll gap between deactivation rolls 5 and 6. The configuration is as follows. The removal rate sensor 1 allows the light emitted from the light emitting element 16 to the light receiving element 17 to pass through each sampling grain of the polished rice 3, thereby detecting the value of the light receiving element 17 when the sampled grains are irradiated. It detects the amount of transmitted light received and outputs it to the removal rate control device 110.

The light amount control device w]-8 is provided as a part of the removal rate control device 10 and has an output circuit 19 for automatically controlling the light amount of one light emitting element 16. An input circuit 20 inputs the amount of transmitted light for each grain, and a grain signal detection circuit 21 detects a signal for each grain, and the light amount from the light emitting element 16 falls within a light amount adjustment setting range based on a preset reference voltage. This is a configuration that is automatically adjusted and controlled. Also, the type setting switch 22 is sticky rice.

The output voltage for changing the light amount each time the light amount is adjusted is set differently for each type of rice that has a different amount of transmitted light, such as non-glutinous rice. At the start of hulling work, the type setting switch 22 is set to correspond to the type.

For example, between non-glutinous rice and glutinous rice, the output voltage from the output circuit 9 to the light emitting element 16 is set to be higher for glutinous rice.

Escape rate control device! Regarding the arithmetic processing control of the removal rate in 10, FIG. This figure shows a general form of a particle number distribution curve (hereinafter referred to as transmitted light amount distribution) 4. The calculation process of the breakout rate in the breakout rate control device 10 is as follows: (1) Graphic processing control of the transmitted light amount distribution 4 is performed.

(2) While creating this transmitted light intensity distribution 4, the light reception level of the smooth rice 3 equivalent to brown rice G is determined within the fixed light intensity l1 setting range based on the light intensity that is changed each time according to the variety etc. Perform light intensity adjustment control so that the

(3) From this transmitted light amount distribution 4, the brown rice average block value KG
and the paddy average block value KM are calculated and controlled.

(4) The calculation process is controlled using the boundary block value, which is the boundary position between brown rice G and paddy M in the transmitted light amount distribution 4, as a threshold value.

(5) With this threshold value K as a boundary, the shedding rate is calculated and controlled based on the number of sampled grains on the brown rice G side and the number of sampled grains on the paddy M side.

performed by each step of This threshold value calculation control will be explained in more detail.

As shown in FIG. 3, the transmittance of the amount of transmitted light is divided into N blocks from 1 to N from the maximum transmittance to the minimum transmittance. Therefore, the number of grains sampled each time is 1, for example, 2000 grains, and the time for detection by the removal rate sensor 1 is 2.
0 seconds, and the number of blocks N is 64 blocks. Further, the output voltage corresponding to each average amount of transmitted light among the total number of blocks N is set to be output as a signal voltage of O to 10V (volts).

The brown rice average block value KO is the average value of brown rice, and this calculation is based on the number of grains when the number of brown rice grains is at the peak value in Figure 3, and this reference grain number is set to a constant value (for example, 25 grains). )
The value obtained by dividing the sum of block light quantity integration for the number of grains within the range by the sum of the number of grains. That is, the average amount of transmitted light per grain of brown rice at its peak value is determined. In this case, when the number of blocks with a peak grain count of 25 or more is less than 10 blocks, for example, the calculation is performed in the same manner as above as the top 10 blocks.

The paddy average block value KM is the average value of paddy.

In this calculation, the maximum block is a block in which, for example, 5 grains are cut from the paddy side of the total number of sampled grains (2000 grains), and some blocks (for example, 10 blocks) are cut from this paddy side.
The value obtained by dividing the added value of the integrated light amount by the added value of the number of grains.

That is, the average amount of transmitted light per grain in the M peak value portion of the paddy is determined.

In this way, when the brown rice average block value KG and the paddy average block value KM are determined, the threshold value K, which is the boundary block value, is determined by each of these average block values KG and KM.
is calculated using the following formula.

K= (KM-KG)

Less than 100 grains...k=0.55100~149
Grains...k=0.47150 or more grains...k=
When calculating the removal rate based on the distribution of the sample grains of 0.40 Suriro rice, the distribution for the transmittance of the emitted light from the removal rate sensor 1 is not a distribution form in which brown rice G and paddy M are completely separated, but both are separated. The distribution has a phase-polymerized portion close to the threshold value, and the accuracy of the calculated removal rate is determined by the threshold value K.

By taking advantage of the fact that the number of grains in the upper blocks on the rice side changes depending on the actual shedding rate, and adjusting the position of the boundary block according to the number of grains, it is possible to improve the accuracy of the calculated shedding rate relative to the actual efficiency. .

Once the threshold value K is determined in this way, for example, the ratio of the total number of grains of brown rice G on the brown rice side is calculated from the threshold value K to the total number of grains sampled (2000 grains) as shown in the following equation. Torture rate.

Elimination rate = ((total number of grains sampled - total number of grains in blocks above the threshold value)/total number of grains sampled) x 100
(%) When the removal rate is calculated in this way, the gap control motor 15 is outputted to adjust the roll gap so that the calculated removal rate becomes the set removal rate.

The light amount adjustment control will be explained with reference to FIG. The transmitted light amount distribution 4 is moved in the horizontal direction by changing the amount of light emitted from the light emitting element 16 of the exfoliation rate sensor 1. Brown rice G and paddy M
A light intensity adjustment setting range suitable for discrimination is determined in advance, and when the brown rice average block value KG, which is the peak value of the brown rice average block of transmittance distribution 4, falls within this light intensity adjustment setting range, the removal rate The control structure is configured so that the light amount adjustment control of the sensor 1 is completed.

Based on the signal of the sampling grains of the polished rice 3 that actually pass through, the sensor light amount of the removal rate sensor 1 is adjusted to an appropriate light amount.

The signal of the sampled grain is divided into N divisions as a signal voltage (0 to 10■), the frequency of each block in each division is calculated and expressed as a frequency distribution, and the voltage of the brown rice average block value KO of transmitted light amount distribution 4, which is the maximum frequency, is calculated. is regarded as the average signal voltage of brown rice, and the light intensity of the sensor is adjusted and outputted by the light intensity control device 18 in the black removal rate control device 10 so that this brown rice voltage falls within an appropriate range. The light amount adjustment output increases the sensor light amount to make it brighter (FF → 00 for light amount dollar)
), the transmitted light amount distribution 4 moves to the low signal voltage side, and when the sensor light amount is decreased and darkened (00→FF), it moves to the high signal voltage side. In the initial setting, the light amount data is cleared, so the signal voltage on the darkest side is 10V (FF
), and while observing the subsequent distribution state, move it by ΔB to position it within the appropriate light amount range.

Light amount adjustment is started by opening the shutter of the paddy supply funnel 7. When opening this shutter, type setting switch 22
The type of paddy that is to be hulled is set by
by opening the shutter.

A part of the rolled rice 3 that has been rolled out between the removal rolls 5 and 6 is removed.
The light emitting element 1 flows as a sampling particle to the rate sensor 1.
The amount of transmitted light is determined by the amount of light received by the light receiving element 17, and a distribution of the amount of transmitted light is formed.

The normal transmitted light amount distribution 4 (curve) is formed when the number of sampled grains is 2000 grains, but in the process up to that point, the approximate transmitted light amount distribution 4 (curve) has already been formed even with about 500 grains, so at this point You can also start adjusting the light intensity.

At the start of light intensity adjustment, the output value from the output circuit 19 of the light emitting element 16 is at the reference position on the darkest l0V (FF) side, and the output value is changed from this reference position according to the selected and set constant light intensity. The output is intermittently increased for each voltage. Therefore, at each light amount adjustment step, the light amount adjustment interval ΔB is moved from the starting reference position NB to the center position NC of the light amount adjustment setting range. Moreover, even for varieties such as non-glutinous rice and glutinous rice, in which the amount of light transmitted through the de-eating rate sensor 1 is different, the adjustment width at each time is set to be different depending on the variety. Therefore, the number of times of adjustment, time, etc. at a constant light amount adjustment interval ΔB can be kept constant by changing the setting of the changed light amount.

In addition, on the upper side, the - times of changing light intensity are set in advance,
The light amount is controlled based on this, but in determining this changed light amount, the reference position for starting the light amount adjustment is
This is done when the transmitted light amount distribution 4 starts to form, and the transmitted light amount value NB (block) at the peak value of the transmitted light amount distribution 4 curve at this time and the transmission at the center position of the preset light amount adjustment setting range are calculated. The light amount control device 18 may be configured to divide the difference ΔB from the light amount value NC (block) by the number of adjustments during this period and set it as the changed light amount (adjustment width) of the adjustment per - time.

Note that before starting the light amount adjustment control as described above.

As a quick and accurate way to adjust the light amount, we will explain below a light amount adjustment mode that performs simple processing until the transmitted light amount gets close to the light amount adjustment setting range, and performs accurate processing once it approaches this setting range. do.

In FIGS. 5 and 6, when the light amount adjustment is performed while creating the transmitted light amount distribution curve 4 by sampling the rolled rice 3, the light amount control device 18 performs the control process as shown in FIG. conduct.

When the block NB of the transmitted light amount distribution 4 where the number of grains has a peak value is outside the light amount adjustment setting range L±n blocks due to light amount adjustment, the peak block NB and the value NC at the center position of the setting range are The changed light amount is determined based on the difference ΔB, and the light amount adjustment control is performed as described above, but the end of the light amount adjustment is not determined by finding the average value of brown rice in the portion corresponding to brown rice.

When the peak block NE of the transmitted light amount distribution 4 where the number of grains reaches the peak value is within the setting range Lfn block, the changing light amount is determined in the same way as above, but after making the change - times, An average brown rice block value is obtained from the average value of a plurality of brown rice blocks, and control is performed so that termination is determined depending on whether or not the value is within a set range.

In other words, the transmitted light amount NB of the sample grains is equivalent to that of brown rice.

When it is far from the setting range, there is no need to judge whether the light intensity adjustment is finished yet, so I focused only on the peak block of grain number and changed the light intensity next time. When NE approaches within the set range, there is a high possibility that the next light intensity change will bring it within the set range, so the average value of not only the peak block but also multiple blocks of the portion equivalent to brown rice that includes this peak block is calculated. In search of
If this average value is within the set range, it is determined that the light amount adjustment has ended.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figures show an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 is a block diagram of the removal rate control, Figures 2 and 3 are graphs of the transmitted light amount distribution in the removal rate sensor, and Figure 4 is a diagram of the rice hulling machine. Slope map, 5th
The figure is a transmitted light amount distribution graph of a partially different embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a control flowchart thereof. (Explanation of symbols) 1 Dehulling rate sensor 2 Hulling device 3 Dehulled rice 4 Transmitted light amount distribution 5.6 Dehulling roll 16 Light emitting element 8 9 2 Light amount control device output circuit type setting switch Unhusked brown rice threshold

Claims (1)

[Claims] While the rice 3 removed by the hulling device 2 is passed through the sensor light emitting area of the removal rate sensor 1, the boundary between paddy M and brown rice G is determined by the transmitted light amount distribution 4 by the removal rate sensor 1. In the removal rate control, which calculates the removal rate by determining the threshold value K and adjusts and controls the roll gap between the pair of removal rolls 5 and 6 based on this removal rate, the removal rate is adjusted per one time according to the product type, etc. A light intensity adjustment setting range L is set in which the light reception level of the smooth rice 3 equivalent to brown rice G is constant while changing the light intensity of the light-emitting element 16 of the desorption rate sensor 1 based on the changed light intensity.
A light amount adjustment control method for an exit rate sensor, which is characterized by automatically controlling the light amount so that the light enters the room.