JPS58114741A - Apparatus for displaying dehulling ratio - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to an 11-bed ratio display device.

Conventionally, a dehulling rate detection device irradiates light onto paddy and brown rice flowing down an inclined plate, receives the reflected light, and detects the mixing ratio of paddy and brown rice, that is, the dehulling rate, based on the intensity of the reflected light. There was something that did this. Then, the gap between the removal rolls was automatically adjusted based on the mixing ratio detected by the detection device.

However, in such conventional devices, light is irradiated onto a plurality of paddy grains and brown rice within a predetermined area on the inclined plate, and the intensity of the reflected light due to the difference in the mixing ratio is detected. Accurate detection could not be carried out, and even when attempts were made to display the demolition rate on a digital display, it was not possible to display it accurately.

The present invention was devised in view of the above problems, and provides a dehulling rate display device that can accurately detect and display the dehulling rate of paddy and brown rice.

In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a channel 1 through which paddy and brown rice can flow down one by one, and during the flow of this channel 1, it is determined which paddy or brown rice is passing through. A photosensor 3 that emits a signal is provided, and is connected to this photosensor 3 to process the signal emitted from the photosensor 3,
A signal processing means 5 for outputting a signal for the total number of grains and a signal for the number of brown rice or paddy is provided, and a calculation display is connected to the signal processing means 5 and calculates and displays the 12-bar ratio based on the signal from the signal processing means 5. A means 7 is provided.

Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail based on the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, and 4, the flow path 1
is formed into a gutter shape by the left and right side plates 1a and the bottom plate 1b, and the mutual interval between the left and right side plates 1a is formed to be slightly larger than the width of the paddy and brown rice (hereinafter sometimes collectively referred to as grains). There is. Therefore, paddy and brown rice can flow down the channel 1 one by one. Left and right side plates 1a forming flow path 1
The bottom plate 1b is made of a translucent material.

Note that only the bottom plate 1b may be formed of a translucent material, or may be partially formed of a translucent material.

A curved guide tube 7 is integrally attached to the front part of the flow path 1 in the downstream direction, and the front part of the guide tube 7 in the downstream direction includes:
A socket 9 is provided. This socket 9 is equipped with, for example, a rice hulling adjustment device consisting of a hulling device, an elevator, and a swing sorting device.
1 (not shown), which is located below a sample take-out port (not shown) that can be opened and closed.

A photosensor 3 is provided midway through the flow path 1 to determine whether the paddy or brown rice is passing through the flow path 1 and to issue a signal. The photosensor 3 is provided with a light emitting section 3a on the upper side and a light receiving section 3b on the lower side facing each other across the flow path 1. The light receiving section 3b includes a first light receiving element S1,
It consists of a second light receiving element S2. A received light amount regulating plate 11 is provided on the upper surface of the light receiving section 3b, and this received light amount regulating plate 11
is provided with a slit 11a. This slit 11a is perpendicular to the flow direction of the flow path 1, and the length is set from the maximum width of the brown rice even if the flowing brown rice is biased in the width direction of the flow path 1 as shown in FIG. It is desirable that the width of the slit 11a is set to such an extent that the amount of light passing through the slit 11a does not become extremely small when the brown rice passes through, for example, 0.5 sm to 0.7 g+n. Therefore, the light from the light emitting part 3a enters the light receiving part 3b through the slit 11a.
A reflector plate 13 set at .degree. is provided.

Therefore, the light passing through the slit 11a is reflected by the reflection plate 13 and received by the first light receiving element S1. The reflecting plate 13 is provided with a slit 13a substantially perpendicular to the slit 11a of the received light amount regulating plate 11. The width of this slit 13a is formed to be approximately the same as that of the slit 11a, and corresponds in position to approximately the center in the width direction of the flow path 1 when viewed from a plane as shown in FIG. Therefore, the light emitting section 3
The light from a passes through only the area 15 where both the slits 11a and 13a intersect, and is received by the second light receiving element S2.

A signal processing means 5 is connected to the light receiving section 3b of the photo sensor 3, as shown in FIG. This signal processing means 5 includes an amplifier 17 connected sequentially to the first light receiving element S1;
It is composed of a differentiator 19, a pulse generator 21, an amplifier 23, a synchronizer 25, and a discriminator 27 which are sequentially connected to the second light receiving element S2, and the pulse generator 21 is further connected to the synchronizer 25. There is.

The amplifier 17 includes a voltage conversion circuit 29 and a voltage amplification circuit 31, as shown in FIG. The voltage conversion circuit 29 converts the current signal inputted from the first light receiving element S1 into a voltage, and the operational amplifier 29
a (hereinafter, an operational amplifier is simply referred to as an operational amplifier), two resistors 29b and 29c, and a variable resistor 2.
9d1 capacitor 29e. The voltage amplification circuit 31 amplifies the signal input from the voltage conversion circuit 29, and includes an operational amplifier 31a and two resistors 31.
b, 31C, and a variable resistor 31d.

The differentiator 19 includes a differentiator circuit 33 and an amplifier circuit 35. The differentiation circuit 33 differentiates the signal input from the voltage amplification circuit 31, and outputs a signal change at the boundary between grains of paddy or brown rice flowing down.
An operational amplifier 33a, two resistors 33b and 33c,
It consists of two capacitors 33d and 33e. The amplifying circuit 35 amplifies the signal input from the differentiating circuit 33, and consists of an operational amplifier 35a, two resistors 35b and 35c, and a variable resistor 35d.

The pulse generator 1121 includes a waveform shaping circuit 37 and a synchronizing pulse generating circuit 39. The waveform shaping circuit 37 shapes the signal input from the differential circuit 119 into a rectangular pulse, and includes three inverters 37a and 37b.
, 37c and two resistors 376.37e. The synchronizing pulse generating circuit 39 outputs a pulse with a small pulse width and a large amplitude at the falling edge of the rectangular pulse inputted from the waveform shaping circuit 37, and includes an inverter 39a and two resistors 39b. , 39c, and a capacitor 39d.

9 The amplifier 23 connected to the second light receiving element S2 includes a voltage conversion circuit 41 and a voltage amplification circuit 43, similar to the amplifier 117 connected to the first light receiving element S1. The voltage conversion circuit 41 includes the first light receiving element S1.
It has the same configuration as the voltage conversion circuit 29 on the side, and will be given the same reference numeral and explanation thereof will be omitted. The voltage amplification circuit 43 has a resistor 43 with respect to the voltage amplification circuit 31 on the side of the first light receiving element S1.
The other configurations are the same as those of the voltage amplification circuit 31, so the same reference numerals are given and the explanation will be omitted.

The synchronizer 25 includes a comparator 25a, three resistors 25b, 25c, and 25d, and a variable resistor 25e. In the comparator 25a, in a steady state in which there is no signal from the pulse generator 21, the emitter of the final stage transistor (not shown) is grounded, the collector is open, and the base is turned on, and the second light receiving element S2 The signal from the side amplifier 23 is grounded to prevent the signal from being input to the discriminator 27. Then, the variable resistor 25e is connected to the pulse generator 21.
When a signal higher than the level set by 1 is input, the base is turned off and the signal from the amplifier 23 is input to the discriminator 27.

The discriminator 27 includes a comparator 27a, four resistors 27b, 27c, 27d, and 27e, and a variable resistor 2.
7f, and is designed to output when a signal higher than the level set by the variable resistor 27 is input.

Next, calculation display means 7 is connected to the signal processing means 5 as shown in FIG. The calculation display means 7 includes a counter 47 connected in sequence to the pulse generator 21 of the signal processing means 5, a number limiter 49, a counter 51 connected in sequence to the discriminator 27 of the signal processing means 5, and a storage device. 53, an output device 55, and a display segment 57, and the number limiter 47 is connected to the storage device 53.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment with the above configuration will be explained.

A sample take-out port (not shown) in the scraped rice conveyance path of the hulling adjustment device (not shown) is opened, and the scraped rice is taken out to the receiving port 9.

The fallen rice, that is, paddy and brown rice taken out to the socket 9 flows down the channel 1 via the guide 87. The paddy and brown rice flowing down the channel 1 may flow down continuously as shown in FIG. 8(a), for example, or flow down separately, and pass through the light emitting section 3a and the light receiving section 3b of the photosensor 3. Since the paddy and brown rice pass over the slits 11a of the light receiving fog regulating plate 11, the light emitted from the light emitting section 3a sequentially passes through the paddy and brown rice and enters the slits 11a. Also, for example, as shown in Figure 9, paddy M
When paddy M and brown rice G flow down continuously, paddy M and brown rice G
At the boundary, the light from the light emitting part 3a directly enters the slit 11a from the part separated from the paddy M and brown rice G. Since the portion of the slit 11a that is outside the paddy M and brown rice G occupies a large proportion of the total area of the slit 11a, the slit 11a changes from the hidden state as shown in FIG. 5 to the state shown in FIG. 9. The difference in the amount of light entering the slit 11a during the transition becomes drastic, making it easy to detect grain boundaries. The light passing through the slit 11a is reflected by the reflection plate 1
3 and received by the first light receiving element S+.

Therefore, the first light receiving element S1 transmits a current signal as shown in FIG. 8(b) with respect to the flow as shown in FIG. 8(a). This signal of 18wI(b) is obtained when the vertical axis is the power supply and the horizontal axis is time, and it goes without saying that the time corresponds to the flow of particles in FIG. 8(a).

Therefore, in FIG. 8(b), it can be seen that the amplitude of the signal at the boundary between the grains in FIG. 8(a) is large, making it easy to detect the boundary. The current signal from the first light receiving element S1 is input to the amplifier 17 of the signal processing means 5. In the amplification 117, the voltage conversion circuit 29 first converts the current signal into a voltage signal, outputs a signal as shown in FIG. 8(C), and inputs the signal to the voltage amplification circuit 31. The signal input to the voltage amplification circuit 31 is amplified and output as a signal as shown in FIG. 8(d), and is input to the differentiator 19. The signal input to the differentiator 19 is first differentiated by the differentiating circuit 33, and then amplified by the amplifier 135 to output a signal as shown in FIG. 8 (8). Therefore, only the signal at the boundary between grains where the detection signal increases or decreases is output. The output from the differentiating circuit 33 is amplified by the amplifier circuit 35 and input to the pulse generator 21. In the pulse generator 21, the waveform is shaped by the waveform shaping circuit 37, as shown in FIG.
A rectangular pulse like t) is output. This figure 8(f)
is formed by extracting only the signal change from the leading edge of the grain in the downstream direction, and at the falling edge of the rectangular pulse, the detection signal is captured closer to the center of the grain than the leading edge in the downstream direction. The rectangular pulse output from the waveform shaping circuit 37 is input to the synchronization pulse generation circuit 39, and at the falling edge of the rectangular pulse shown in FIG. 8(f), a synchronization pulse with a small pulse width and a large amplitude is generated as shown in FIG. Output as shown in a).

Therefore, the synchronization pulse shown in FIG. 8 ((1) captures and outputs the detection signal closer to the center than the tip of the particle in the flowing direction.On the other hand, the output of the synchronization pulse generation circuit 39 is output as it is. The total number of grains can be determined by counting the number of synchronization pulses.On the other hand, when the synchronizer 25'' input The light is
The light passes through the region 15 of the slit 13a and is received by the second light receiving element S2. Therefore, the second light-receiving element S2 receives only the change in the amount of transmitted light at the widthwise central part of the paddy M and the brown rice G, so it can relatively clearly detect the difference in the amount of transmitted light between the paddy M and the brown rice G. . Then, the second light receiving element S2 transmits a current signal according to the increase or decrease in the amount of light, and similarly to the signal from the first light receiving element S1, a signal as shown in FIG. 8(h) is transmitted via the amplifier 23. is output. This figure 8 (h
), the horizontal axis represents time, as in the case of the signal in FIG. 8(b), and time corresponds to the flow of grains in FIG. 8(a). Therefore, among the signals in Fig. 8 (h), the part that is held at the minimum amplitude for a predetermined time outputs a signal near the center of the IIM in the longitudinal direction of the IIM, and the amplitude is slightly larger than this minimum amplitude and is maintained at the predetermined time. The time holding portion outputs a signal closer to the center of brown rice G. The output of amplifier 23 is input to synchronizer 25 .

The output from the amplifier 23 that is input to the synchronizer 25 is grounded when the synchronizing pulse from the pulse generator 1121 is not input to the synchronizer 25, and when it is input, it is output for that time, and the discriminator is input.

Since the synchronization pulse captures and outputs the detection signal near the center of the unhulled rice M1 brown rice G in the downstream direction,
It is synchronized with the output signal from the amplifier 23 as shown by the phantom line in FIG. 8(h), and a signal as shown in FIG. 8(:) is input to the discriminator 27. In FIG. 8 (+>), a signal with a small amplitude represents paddy M, and a large amplitude represents brown rice G. When the signal of brown rice G is input, a signal as shown in Fig. 8 (j) is output. Therefore, by counting the output signal from the discriminator 27, it is possible to know the exact number of brown rice G. So,
A counter 51 connected to the discriminator 27 counts the pulse signals from the discriminator 27 and outputs a signal corresponding to the number of brown rice G, and the output signal (the number of brown rice) is stored in the memory casing. Meanwhile, a counter 47 connected to the synchronizing pulse generating circuit 39 counts the pulse signals from the synchronizing pulse generating circuit 39 and outputs a signal corresponding to the total number of grains. The number limiter 49 inputs and latches the signal from the counter 47, and outputs a signal when the total number of grains reaches a set value according to the set number. In this case, assuming that the set value is 1000, the number limiter 49 outputs a signal when the count value reaches 1000. When the memory device W153 that stores the number of grains of brown rice receives a signal from the number limiter 49, it outputs a signal indicating the number of brown rice when the total number of grains reaches 1000. There is. The output device 55 inputs a signal from the storage device 53 and outputs a signal to display the number of brown rice (de-mulling rate) when the total number of grains reaches 1000 on a display segment 57 such as a digital display monitor. do. Here, the number of brown rice when the total number of grains reaches 1000 is the de-hulling rate (percentage) x 10, so the display segment 5
If the display board of No. 7 is constructed as shown in FIG. 10, the 12 decimal fraction to the first decimal place can be read directly and accurately.

Next, a second embodiment of the invention will be described. 11th
As shown in FIG. The means 58 is a pulse generator 2 of the signal processing means 5.
1, a counter 161, a number limiter 63, a counter 65, a number limiter 67, and a number limiter 63 sequentially connected to the pulse discriminator 27 of the signal processing means 5;
．． A timer 69 connected to 67 and the number limiter 6
3.67, the division circuit 71 and the output circuit 7 connected in sequence
3 and a display segment 57.

Next, the operation of the second embodiment with the above configuration will be explained.

Since the functions of the photosensor 3 and the signal processing means 5 are the same as in the first embodiment, the calculation display 1
The operation of the means 58 will be explained. A counter 65 connected to the discriminator 27 counts the pulse signals from the discriminator 27 and outputs a signal corresponding to the number of brown rice G. The number limiter 67 receives the signal from the counter 65 and latches the signal.

On the other hand, a counter 61 connected to the synchronizing pulse generating circuit 39 counts the pulse signals from the synchronizing pulse generating circuit 39 and outputs a signal corresponding to the total number of grains. The number limiter 63 receives the signal from the counter 161 and latches the signal. The timer 69 is
When a set certain period of time has elapsed, a signal is sent to the number limiters 63 and 67. The number limiter 63, 67 outputs the latched signals in the cabinet at the set fixed time, that is, the signal of the total number of grains and the signal of the number of brown rice G in the cabinet at the fixed time, according to the signal from the timer 69. . The division circuit 71 inputs the signal from the number limiter 63.67, divides the signal of the number of brown rice G by the signal of the total number of grains, and outputs the result of the calculation, that is, the removal rate. The output circuit 73 receives the calculation result from the division circuit 71 and outputs a signal to display the demolition rate on a display segment 75 such as a digital display monitor. The display segment 75 displays the demolition rate in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Therefore, the dropout rate can be directly read accurately.

Next, as shown in FIG. 12 for explaining a third embodiment of the present invention, the photosensor 3 and signal processing means 5 of the third embodiment have the same structure and function as those of the first embodiment, A calculation display means 76 is connected to the signal processing means 5. This calculation display means 76 includes a voltage converter 77 connected in sequence to the pulse generator 21 of the signal processing means 5.
, a voltage limiter 79, a voltage converter 81 connected in sequence to the pulse discriminator 27 of the signal processing means 5, and a driver 8.
3. The voltage limiter 79 is connected to the driver 83.

Next, the operation of the third embodiment with the above configuration will be explained.

A voltage converter 81 connected to the discriminator 27 converts the pulse signal from the discriminator 27 into a voltage, and outputs a voltage signal corresponding to the number of brown rice G.

The output signal (number of brown rice) from the voltage converter 81 is input to the driver 83.

On the other hand, a voltage converter 77 connected to the synchronizing pulse generating circuit 39 converts the pulse signal from the synchronizing pulse generating circuit 39 into a voltage, and outputs a voltage signal corresponding to the total number of grains. The voltage limiter 79 is connected to the voltage converter 77.
Input the signal of more, and the voltage signal of the total number of grains is set? When the voltage reaches the I level, a signal is output to the driver 83. The reference voltage value is set so that when the voltage signal of the total number of grains reaches the reference voltage value, the voltage signal corresponding to the number of brown rice becomes the de-mulling rate. When the driver 83 inputs the signal from the voltage limiter 79, it outputs a voltage signal corresponding to the number of brown rice at the time of input, that is, the dehulling rate, to the analog meter 85, and the analog meter 85 receives the signal. Displays the dropout rate. Therefore, the dropout rate can be directly read accurately.

It is also possible to automatically adjust the roll gap by connecting the signal from the driver 83 to an automatic roll gap adjustment circuit 87 as shown in FIG. To briefly explain the roll gap automatic adjustment circuit 87, the signal from the driver 83 is input to a comparator circuit 89 consisting of two operational amplifiers, etc.
Reference numeral 9 outputs an upper level signal when the signal (indicating the removal rate) is above a specified value, and outputs a lower level signal when it is below the specified value. The signal from the comparison circuit 89 is sent to two AND circuits 91.9 each connected to a timer.
1-, and the AND circuits 91 and 91' output the signal when the upper level signal or the lower level signal continues for a predetermined period of time. The signals from the AND circuits 91, 91 = are sent to transistors 95, 95- for driving relays 93, 93', respectively, and when the transistors (95 or 95- operate), the relays 93 or 93' is driven, thereby causing the roll gap adjustment drive device 97 to rotate forward or reverse.

The roll ms can be automatically adjusted by the above operation.

This invention provides a channel through which paddy and brown rice can flow down one grain at a time, and a photo sensor is provided in the middle of the flow channel to determine which paddy or brown rice is passing through and to issue a signal.
A signal processing means connected to this photo sensor processes the signal emitted from the photo sensor and outputs a signal of the total number of grains and a signal of the number of brown rice, and is connected to this signal processing means and outputs a signal from the signal processing means. Since we have provided a calculation and display means for calculating and displaying the dehulling rate, we can accurately distinguish each grain of paddy and brown rice in the sample taken out using a photo sensor, and process the discrimination using a signal processing means. It is possible to accurately calculate the total number of grains, number of brown rice, or number of paddy. Then, the total number of grains and the number of brown rice or the number of paddy are processed by the calculation display means, and the dehulling rate can be calculated and displayed, and the I2 husk rate can be displayed accurately. Therefore,
By looking at the display, the operator can appropriately perform processes such as adjusting the roll gap.

Note that this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the invention can be implemented in modes other than the above-mentioned embodiments.

Furthermore, the symbols added for convenience in the claims do not limit the technical scope of this invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an overall view of a paddy/brown rice discriminating device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing the light receiving part of the photosensor, □ Fig. 3 is a plan view of the same, and Fig. 4 is , Figure 2 mV-rV
5 is a plan view showing the relationship between grains and slits, FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the signal processing means and display means in the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. The circuit diagram of the signal processing means shown in FIG. 1(a) is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the falling state of particles passing through the photo sensor and time, and FIGS. 8(b) to 8(j) 9 is a plan view showing the relationship between grain boundaries and slits, and FIG. 10 is the first diagram of the present invention.
The display board of the display segment in the second embodiment, FIG. 11 is a block diagram of the signal processing means and display means in the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 12 shows the signal processing means in the third embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram of a display means. 1...Flow path 3...Photo sensor 5...
・Signal processing means 7.58.76... Calculation display means Patent applicant Iseki Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. Figure 3 Figure 4 Procedural amendment (method) May 1980, ) - I. Japan Patent Office Commissioner Shima 1 ) Haruki Tono1, Indication of the incident Patent No. 56-2158002, Title of the invention
Relation to the case of the person making the amendment regarding the removal rate display device 3 Patent applicant address (WA office) Name: 700 Umaki-cho, Matsuyama City, Ehime Prefecture (
Name) (012) Iseki Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. Representative: Masa Takashi Iseki 4, Agent address: 1-1-1 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105
No. 8 New Toranomon Pill 8th floor (Shipping date: April 27, 1982) 6. Subject of amendment (1) Specification 7. Contents of amendment (1) Engraving of specification (no change in content), l 2-

Claims (1)

[Claims] A channel (1) is provided through which paddy and brown rice can flow down one grain at a time, and during the flow through this channel (1), there is a photo sensor (3) that determines which paddy or brown rice is passing through and issues a signal. A photo sensor (3) is connected to the photo sensor (3).
3) Signal processing means (5) that processes the signal emitted from and outputs a signal of the total number of grains and a signal of the number of brown rice or the number of paddy.
and calculation display means (7) which is connected to the signal processing means (5) and calculates and displays the demolition rate based on the signal from the signal processing means (5).