JPH03213328A - プラスチツク部品の溶接用の電気抵抗体を用いた連結方法及び連結部材 - Google Patents

プラスチツク部品の溶接用の電気抵抗体を用いた連結方法及び連結部材

Info

Publication number
JPH03213328A
JPH03213328A JP2326085A JP32608590A JPH03213328A JP H03213328 A JPH03213328 A JP H03213328A JP 2326085 A JP2326085 A JP 2326085A JP 32608590 A JP32608590 A JP 32608590A JP H03213328 A JPH03213328 A JP H03213328A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
welding
foil
plastic
temperature
heating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2326085A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Denis Dufour
デニ・デュフオ
Francois Fortin
フランソア・フオルタン
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Engie SA
Original Assignee
Gaz de France SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gaz de France SA filed Critical Gaz de France SA
Publication of JPH03213328A publication Critical patent/JPH03213328A/ja
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L47/00—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
    • F16L47/02—Welded joints; Adhesive joints
    • F16L47/03—Welded joints with an electrical resistance incorporated in the joint
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/344—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint being a woven or non-woven fabric or being a mesh
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3444—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint being a ribbon, band or strip
    • B29C65/3448—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint being a ribbon, band or strip said ribbon, band or strip being perforated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3444—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint being a ribbon, band or strip
    • B29C65/3452—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint being a ribbon, band or strip forming a sleeve, e.g. a wrap-around sleeve
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3468—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the means for supplying heat to said heated elements which remain in the join, e.g. special electrical connectors of windings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3476—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
    • B29C65/348—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic with a polymer coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/481—Non-reactive adhesives, e.g. physically hardening adhesives
    • B29C65/4815—Hot melt adhesives, e.g. thermoplastic adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5057—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like positioned between the surfaces to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/303—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect
    • B29C66/3034—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of additional elements, e.g. meshes
    • B29C66/30341—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of additional elements, e.g. meshes non-integral with the parts to be joined, e.g. making use of extra elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221—Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5224—Joining tubular articles for forming fork-shaped connections, e.g. for making Y-shaped pieces
    • B29C66/52241—Joining tubular articles for forming fork-shaped connections, e.g. for making Y-shaped pieces with two right angles, e.g. for making T-shaped pieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91411—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the parts to be joined, e.g. the joining process taking the temperature of the parts to be joined into account
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9161—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B29C66/91651—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating
    • B29C66/91655—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating by controlling or regulating the current intensity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
    • B29C66/91921—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
    • B29C66/91921—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature
    • B29C66/91931—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature in explicit relation to the fusion temperature or melting point of the material of one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2793/00—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
    • B29C2793/009—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation after shaping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/346—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint being a coating or being printed, e.g. being applied as a paint or forming a printed circuit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3476—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7377—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline
    • B29C66/73773—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being semi-crystalline
    • B29C66/73774—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being semi-crystalline the to-be-joined areas of both parts to be joined being semi-crystalline
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B29C66/91221—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9131—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B29C66/91311—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by measuring the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/94—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time
    • B29C66/949—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time characterised by specific time values or ranges

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Details Of Resistors (AREA)
  • Branch Pipes, Bends, And The Like (AREA)
  • Apparatuses And Processes For Manufacturing Resistors (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 ［発明の技術分野］ 本発明は、少なくとも一部分が熱溶融性の素材からなる
部材の組付けに関するものである。
［従来の技術］ 現在のところ、そのような組み付けはほとんど熱溶接で
実施されている。さらに、この技術は特にガス業界にお
いて配管網のバイブ（特に密度が約９２５　ｋｇ／ｍ　
３のポリエチレンパイプ）間を連結するために広く用い
られている。
今日一般的に普及している方法によれば、連結すべき部
材、一般的にパイプは連結部材によって組み付けられる
。
この部材がどのような形式（スリーブ、枝管とり出し部
等）であっても、パイプの表面に向き合う部材の表面付
近の位置で一般的にコイル導線からなる加熱電気抵抗帯
をその厚みの中に埋め込んで設けているのが一般的であ
る。
溶接作業は、部材の溶接しようとする部分を互いに向き
合わせて配置してから、コイル電線を電源（整流した交
流源等）に接続して、ジュール効果によって抵抗体を発
熱させて周囲の部材のプラスチックを軟化して溶融させ
ることにより、溶接を実施するようにして行われる。
この溶接を高品質のものにするため、すなわちガス流体
を密封する接合と共に十分な機械的抵抗力を得るために
は、加熱時間が、冷却後に部材間に適切な溶接が得られ
るようにする最短時間から、部材が熱破壊を受は易くな
る時間より短い最長時間までの間に入っていなければな
らない。コイル導線を用いた形式の現在の抵抗体では、
部材のプラスチックの溶融及びそれに続いてそれに圧力
が加えられることによって巻線間が接触するため、まさ
に素材の熱破壊をもたらす可能性がある短絡が発生する
場合があることがわかっている。
現在の溶接装置では、「溶接時開」に相当する最適の加
熱時間、すなわち電気抵抗体に電流を供給する時間を決
定するために用いられる原理が相対的に不正確であるこ
とから特有の接合欠陥が発生することもある。
溶接時間を自動的に定める場合、連結部材の溶接ｍの局
部的位置に電気加熱コイル線から相当に離して形成され
た痛み内に配置されたセッサによって溶接の中止を行う
場合が多い。これらの窪みの間隔、それらの配置及び使
用するプラスチックの熱伝導率が比較的低いことを考え
ると、短絡が発生した場合、それらをある程度の遅れを
イ１′って検出できればよい方である。
内蔵形コイル線によって電気溶接できる継手を製造する
ためには線をコイル巻きするという時間がかかって難し
い段階が必要であることもわかる。
本発明の目的は、最適温度で破断されるように設計され
ており、好ましくは組み付けようとする部材を構成して
いるプラスチックポリマーとは異なった種類のポリマー
フィルム上に溶着することができる薄い導電性の層すな
わちフォイルの周囲に形成された加熱素子を用いること
によって特に上記の欠点を解決することである。
［本発明の目的および構成］ 従って、本発明によれば、従来のコイル電線の代わりに
、電気溶接可能な継手内に埋め込まれて溶接温度で溶接
する機能を持った抵抗フォイルが用いられている。
さらに、本発明の別の主題は、それぞれ熱溶融性プラス
チックからなる本体部を有している連結部材を少なくと
も１つの他の部材と連結するための方法であって、 溶接帯を形成する隣接表面を備えた前記部材を互いに向
き合わせて配置する段階と、 部材の前記隣接表面の付近において溶接体内を電流が流
れる経路を連結部材内に設ける段階と、前記経路に沿っ
て電流を流して、前記溶接帯の位置で部材を溶接できる
温度まで加熱できるようにする段階とを有しており、 さらに、 前記連結部材に内蔵されて、前記溶接温度にほぼ等しい
特定の温度で破断できる導電材からなる層すなわちフォ
イルを電流の流れる経路として設ける段階と、 連結した裂け目がフォイルを縦断するように発生して、
フォイルの素材の連続性が失われることによって電流が
遮断されて加熱が中断されるまで、前記フォイルに電流
を流す段階とを有していることを特徴とする方法である
。
本説明において、「溶接温度」とＬＸ、接合すべき部材
が加熱中に局部的に溶接して、この加熱を中断して冷却
した後、同部材がほぼ気密に接合して使用に耐え得る機
械的抵抗力が得られるようにするために、部材がそれら
の溶接帯の位置（すなわちそれらの接合面付近）で到達
しなければならない温度のことである。
［実施例］ 本発明のその他の特徴および利点は、添付の図面を参照
した以下の説明から明らかになるであろう。
第１図に示されている電気的に溶接可能な継１は、熱溶
融性プラスチックからなる本体部を備えた連結スリーブ
２を有しており、それを貫通している中央開口４には、
スリーブの開口４の直径よりもわずかに小さい外形のほ
ぼ同軸的の２本のバイブロ、８をはめ込んでそれらを連
結できるようになっている。
２本のバイブロ及び８は、各々の端部の一方がスリーブ
の開口４にはめ込まれている。これらのパイプはこのス
リーブの区域（溶接帯と呼ぶ）の対向表面６　ａ＋　　
８　ａに沿って長さしに渡って延在している。この区域
は隣接の外表面２ａまでの範囲になっており、電気エネ
ルギ源（図示せず）、例えば整流された交流源書こ２つ
の接続端子１２．１４によって接続されている電気加熱
抵抗体１０が設けられている。
スリーブの本体部及び連結すべきパイプを形成するため
に用いることができるプラスチックとしては、特にポリ
エチレン、ポリアミド、ポリブチレン及びポリプロピレ
ンを挙げることができる。
本発明によれば、図面かられかるように、電気加熱抵抗
体が導電材製の層すなわちフォイル１１で構成されてい
る。フォイル１１は、熱溶融性プラスチックからなる支
持フィルム１３上に特に真空蒸気溶着によって形成する
ことができる。
好ましくは、支持フィルム１３を構成しているプラスチ
ックは、連続部材２及びパイプのプラスチックとは別の
ものにする。すなわち、一般的に言えば、フィルム１３
用にはパイプ及び連結部材の本体のプラスチックよりも
融点が高いプラスチックを用いることが好ましい。さら
に、このフィルムがまだ円相の時の熱膨張係数が導電Ｆ
ｌｌｌ（固相）熱膨張係数とパイプ及びスリーブ（溶融
状ｆｉ）の熱膨張係数との中間である素材を選択するこ
とが好ましい。
この場合、部材のほぼｊＩＦ接温度で溶融できる導電材
の層１１を選択することにより、良好に自己調整された
溶接を行うことができる。実際に、層内の電流の流れが
フィルム温度をそれの溶融温度まで上昇させていない間
は、電流が常時流れて、部材が加熱される。しかし、支
持フィルムを構成している素材の軟化温度、続いて溶融
温度に達すると直ちに、支持フィルムが膨張して、導電
層にまず亀裂が生じてから、この層の厚み全体を通る連
続状の裂け目が発生することにより、電流が遮断される
ために加熱が中断される。
もちろん、そのような装置を用いることにより従来のコ
イル導線を用いた場合よりも様々な利点が得られ、特に
、 一短絡の危険がな（なる。
御坊熱素子と組み付けられる部材との間の熱交換表面が
大幅に増加するため、部材の加熱が均一化される。
−付属のセンサを用いる必要がないので、連結部材の製
造コストが軽減される。
一導線の直径が一般的にｉミリメートル程度であるのに
対して、導電フォイルの厚さは２００〜３００オングス
トロ一ム程度にすることができるので、溶接接合面付近
で加熱流を良好に局在化できる。
一最後に、このような抵抗層を用いるこ七によって、継
手自体が電流の流れる時間を定めるので、本当に自己調
節できる継手を得ることができ、またこれは溶接帯のす
ぐ近くに配置されているので、信頼性及び効率にとって
最適の状態である。
当然ながら、この形式の加熱抵抗体を設けることによっ
て、様々なパラメータ、特に −薄い層１１を構成している導電材の種類（−般的に金
属）、 −この層の厚さ、 一必要に応じて、支持フィルム１３を構成しているプラ
スチックフィルムの厚さ及び種類、−加熱素子全体の大
きさ及び配置、 を考慮に入れる必要が生じた。
これらの様々な選択を一度実施すれば、次は信頼性があ
り、工業的規模で生産できる電気接点を提供して、この
ようにして得られた加熱素子に適当に電流を供給できる
ようにすることが必要になった。
次に、これらの様々な基準について順次検討していく。
これらの様々なパラメータは、抵抗体が部材の溶接市内
で適当な溶接温度に達することができるように選択しな
ければならない。
ポリエチレンスリーブと同様にポリエチレン製のバイブ
とを組み付けるためには、実際に約１５０°Ｃから３５
０〜４００℃までの間の温度が部Ｉの隣接した接合表面
（第１図ではそれぞれ２ａ。
６ａおよび８ａ）付近で２〜３分の間に得られなければ
ならない。溶接電圧及び加縮素子の電気抵抗がわかれば
、温度上昇率はアセンブリで消費される電力によって決
定される。
従って、加熱時間はあらかじめ設定されたパラメータで
はない。
加熱素子の抵抗値は、使用する金属の電気抵抗率、導電
層の厚さ、層の電流通路の断面積及び電気接点間の距離
の関数であるから、特にガス業界では３９ボルト程度の
溶接電圧が使用されることが一般的であることがわかっ
ていれば、所望の温度に達することができるようにする
電気抵抗値が得られるように金属被覆層の厚さを計算し
て導電性金属の種類を選択することは簡単である。
−船釣に言えば、導電層の厚さは約１０−８〜１０”’
ｍである。さらに、この層を構成している導電材は、そ
の溶融温度が支持フィルムのプラスチックの溶融温度よ
りも高くなるように選択すれば好都合である。
加熱素子の配置について言えば、これはもちろん特定の
所望用途に応じて変わる。
第１図の場合、すなわち２本のバイブの端部同志をスリ
ーブで連結する場合、（第２図に示されているような）
平行六面体のシート１０と仮定してスリーブが形成され
ており、抵抗シートはこの厚みに埋め込まれて、ここで
は軸線がスリーブの中央開口４の軸線４ａとほぼ一致し
た円筒形をしている。この抵抗素子の構成から、抵抗素
子を継事の内表面２ａのすぐ近くに組み込むことができ
、従って２つのバイブの向き合うた外側接合表面に可及
的に接近させることができる。
しかし、その他の実施例を考えることもできる。
例えば、バイブ１６と、サドル２２でこのバイブを部分
的に覆う枝管取り出し部１８とを連結する（第３図に示
されて〜する）場合、前述したように構成されている抵
抗層２０は、平面図で見た場合にはほぼ平行六面体の矩
形をサドル状に湾曲した形状になっている。部材を溶接
して冷却した後、枝管取り出し部の軸部３０の内側通路
２８とバイブとを連通させるバイブの開口２６に一致し
た中央開口２４が抵抗体２０（プラスチックフィルム＋
導電層）に貫設される。
もちろん、前述の場合と同様に、抵抗層２０はそれに電
気エネルギを供給する２つの接続端子３２及び３４に接
続している。
どの様な用途に用いられるにしても、抵抗素子のいずれ
の側でも機械的組み付は抵抗力が得られるように、導電
層及び支持フィルムに穿孔して素子に開口すなわち孔３
６（第２図）を貫通することが好ましく、連結部材を形
成してしまえば、これらの開口はこの部材のプラスチッ
クで埋め込まれるため、素材の局部連続性を確保するこ
とができる。
第４図に示すように、導電層１１は、支持フィルム上に
薄い層状に溶着した導電網目組織状に形成された金属グ
リッドまたは穿孔体にすることもでき、この場合にも網
目３８すなわちグリッドまたは網目組織の孔には連結部
材のプラスチックが埋め込まれ、またそれに対応して支
持フィルム１３に貫通された開口３９も同様に埋め込ま
れる。
ｂ）支持フィルムの選択 前述したように、導電層の支持フィルム１３は、必要に
応じてそれに溶着された層１１を破断させることによっ
て部材の加熱を中断させる機能を果たす。
実際に、この破断は、支持フィルムが溶融してそれに圧
力が加わることによって発生する。
このため、フィルムには、部材の接合面付近が溶接温度
に達した時だけフィルムの膨張によって導電層１１を破
断できるようにする融点を備えた熱溶融性プラスチック
が選択される。
ポリエチレンパイプと連結部材とを熱溶接によって組み
付けることに関してこれまで実施することができた研究
から、到達すべき溶接温度は、２００〜ｂ ２５０　’Ｃ程度であることがわかっている。
従って、−船釣に言えば、選択される支持フィルムは、
溶融温度が少なくとも約２００”Ｃ以上のポリマー材で
形成されたフィルムである。
適当なポリマー材として、例えばポリエステル、ポリア
ミド６、ふっそ化ポリマー（例えばポリテトラフルオロ
エチレン）、結晶質ポリカーボネート、フェニレンポリ
サルファイド及びポリイミドが挙げられる。
一般的に言えば、少なくとも接合する部材がポリエチレ
ン製である場合、加熱によって部材が破壊される危険を
なくすため、溶融温度が約４００℃以下の熱溶融性プラ
スチックを選択しなければならない。
支持フィルムの種類に加えて、それの厚さも重要な選択
要素である。はとんどの用途では、それは約５〜１００
μｍ（すなわち５〜１００ｘｌＯ６）であり、好ましく
は約１０μｍである。
Ｃ）電気接点の形成 抵抗体の接続を行うため、薄い導電層ｌｌ上にオーム接
触することが必要であった。このため、導電性の接着剤
、テープまたは金属溶着物等が用いられ、これらは図面
の１５．１７で示されているような横方向の電気接点が
得られるように用いることができる これらの接点が形成されれば、接続線１９．２１を対応
の接続端子に溶接することができる。
ｄ）低温帯の形成 特に２本のパイプの端部同志を連結スリーブで連結する
場合（第１図参照）、パイプの互いに向き合った端部に
向き合う位置に「低温帯」を設けて、加熱すなわち溶接
中に溶融した素材がパイプ間の自由隙間ｅに流入して部
分的にもそれらを詰まらせる危険をなくすことも好都合
に思われる。
このため、例えば第１図では、隙間ｅに向き合った位置
に延在するようにして導電性の保護ストリップ３７が導
電層１１０表面上に配置されている（第１図参照）。
このストリップは、その機能を果たすことができるよう
に、周囲のプラスチック及びプラスチックフィルム１３
を構成している素材、さらには導電層１１を構成してい
る素材よりも溶融温度が高い好適な金属材で形成される
。
一般的には、ストリップの厚さは３〜５μｍである。
以上の説明に基づいて、本出願人が実施した様々な作業
で以下の包括的（但し非制限的）実験を行うことができ
、ポリエチレン連結部材に用いて同様にポリエチレン製
のパイプを密封状態で連結することができる抵抗素子を
提供することができた。
組成 支持フィルム：厚さが約１２μｍのポリエステルフィル
ム、 導電層：約２００オングストローム（すなわち２００　
ｘ　１０−”ｍ）のアルミニウム層、加熱素子の配ｌＩ
：網目組織上の外観を与えるように穿孔した１０ｘｌＯ
ｃ閣２　のシート、銀ラッカーを溶着した厚さ３０μｍ
の接着性鋼テープによる接続、 シートの加Ｉ！ｌ１１１Ｊ＆カニ　０．Ｏ１５ｗ／ｍｍ
’結果 約２００秒後、金属層の最高温度は約２００℃である。
約２５０秒後に金属層が破断する結果、加熱が自動的に
遮断される。
もちろん、 本発明に従って所定温度で薄い導電性 フォイルに裂け目を発生させることができる（プラスチ
ックフィルム以外の）適当な手段も本発明の範囲内で十
分に使用できることを明らかにする必要がある。特に、
この導電性フォイルの厚さ及びフォイルの厚さ及び種類
に合わせて支持ポリマーフィルム１３を用いないことも
可能であり、その場合には抵抗体１１が、継手及び連結
しようとする部品のプラスチックの溶融温度からこれら
の部材が破壊を受ける最高温度までの間の温度で溶融す
ることによって破断される形状でなければならない。実
際には、溶融した素材のしぶき及び／または発煙が発生
した時、部品を構成している分子鎖の破壊すなわち分解
温度に達したことがわかる。部材内に空洞が出現するこ
ともそのような破壊の証拠であり、これは溶融帯の非常
に深い位置に検出されるが、溶融部材で漏れが発生する
危険がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
第１図はスリーブを用いて２本のパイプを端部同志で連
結する本発明による連結装置の中心を通る概略図、第２
図は本発明で考えられる抵抗素子の一実施例の概略的斜
視図、第３図はバイブに積方向連結を行う枝管取り出し
部を用いた、第１図に示されている装置の変更実施例の
中心を通る概略図、第４図は第２図に示されている抵抗
素子の変更実施例の拡大部分図である。 ２・・・・連結スリーブ、６，８・・・０バイブ、２　
＆＋　　６　ａｎ　　８８　’　＠”隣接表面、１０・
・・・抵抗体、１１・・・・フォイル、１３・・・・支
持フィルム。

Claims (2)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. （１）それぞれ熱溶融性プラスチックからなる本体部を
    有している連結部材を少なくとも１つの他の部材と連結
    するための方法であって、 溶接帯を形成する隣接表面を備えた前記部材を互いに向
    き合わせて配置する段階と、 前記連結部材内に埋め込まれて、所定の溶接温度にほぼ
    等しい温度で裂け目が入ることができる導電材製のフォ
    イルを前記連結部材に設けて、前記溶接帯に電流が流れ
    るようにする段階と、前記フォイルに電流を流して、少
    なくとも１つの裂け目がフォイルを縦断するように発生
    して、前記フォイルの素材の連続性が失われることによ
    って電流が遮断されるまで、部材を前記溶接温度に加熱
    する段階とを有していることを特徴とする方法。
  2. （２）熱溶融性プラスチックからなる部品を連結するた
    めの、少なくとも一部が前記部品のプラスチックと相溶
    性がある熱溶融性の素材からなり、部品の対応表面に接
    合する表面を備えた形式の連結部材であって、周囲の素
    材を溶融させて前記部材と部品とを溶接できるようにす
    るため、電気的絶縁材からなるフォイルを前記接合表面
    付近に配置しており、前記フォイルが、前記部材及び前
    記部品のプラスチックの溶融温度から同プラスチックが
    熱破壊を受ける最高温度までの間の温度で破断される厚
    さになっていることを特徴とする連結部材。
JP2326085A 1989-11-29 1990-11-29 プラスチツク部品の溶接用の電気抵抗体を用いた連結方法及び連結部材 Pending JPH03213328A (ja)

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FR89/15706 1989-11-29
FR8915706A FR2654977B1 (fr) 1989-11-29 1989-11-29 Procede et piece de raccordement utilisant une resistance electrique pour le soudage d'elements en matiere plastique.

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JPH03213328A true JPH03213328A (ja) 1991-09-18

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US (1) US5182440A (ja)
EP (1) EP0430761B1 (ja)
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AT (1) ATE121990T1 (ja)
CA (1) CA2031025A1 (ja)
DE (1) DE69019114T2 (ja)
FR (1) FR2654977B1 (ja)
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PT (1) PT96014B (ja)

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Publication number Publication date
CA2031025A1 (fr) 1991-05-30
DE69019114D1 (de) 1995-06-08
PT96014A (pt) 1992-08-31
CN1028161C (zh) 1995-04-12
MC2160A1 (fr) 1992-04-09
DE69019114T2 (de) 1995-08-31
PT96014B (pt) 1998-07-31
EP0430761A2 (fr) 1991-06-05
FR2654977A1 (fr) 1991-05-31
EP0430761B1 (fr) 1995-05-03
EP0430761A3 (en) 1993-04-07
ATE121990T1 (de) 1995-05-15
CN1052630A (zh) 1991-07-03
FR2654977B1 (fr) 1992-03-13
US5182440A (en) 1993-01-26

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