JP7462176B2 - 二次電池 - Google Patents
二次電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7462176B2 JP7462176B2 JP2021508109A JP2021508109A JP7462176B2 JP 7462176 B2 JP7462176 B2 JP 7462176B2 JP 2021508109 A JP2021508109 A JP 2021508109A JP 2021508109 A JP2021508109 A JP 2021508109A JP 7462176 B2 JP7462176 B2 JP 7462176B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- negative electrode
- secondary battery
- battery according
- coupling agent
- silane coupling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- -1 imide anion Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003682 fluorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910003473 lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 26
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 25
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 16
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002891 organic anions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 7
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910021437 lithium-transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 5
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001889 triflyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018091 Li 2 S Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZVLDJSZFKQJMKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Si] Chemical compound [Li].[Si] ZVLDJSZFKQJMKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZIRAMZRKLHPLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium fluorosulfonyl(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound FS(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.[Li+] ZIRAMZRKLHPLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitrate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIDWHMKSOZZDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium tin Chemical compound [Li].[Sn] UIDWHMKSOZZDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(fluorosulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FS(=O)(=O)[N-]S(F)(=O)=O VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoro-n-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methanesulfonamide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOYSIZKQWJYULQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoro-n-(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)ethanesulfonamide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F DOYSIZKQWJYULQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MLKUHUAMAGNRIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,12,12-hexadecafluorododec-11-enyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)CCCC=C(F)F MLKUHUAMAGNRIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUOOBMVZLOQJME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-undecafluoro-n-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)hexanamide Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCNC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F UUOOBMVZLOQJME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001357 Li2MPO4F Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910032387 LiCoO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001305 LiMPO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013553 LiNO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001091 LixCoO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910016715 LixCoyM1 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910016819 LixCoyNi1-yO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910016818 LixCoyNi1−yO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015329 LixMn2O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003007 LixMnO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910016138 LixNi1 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014149 LixNiO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Al] Chemical compound [Li].[Al] JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSNQXZYQEIKDPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Fe] Chemical compound [Li].[Fe] QSNQXZYQEIKDPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn] KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWBXDCPGSHVVPB-UHFFFAOYSA-K [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP(=O)([O-])O.[Fe+2].[Li+] Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP(=O)([O-])O.[Fe+2].[Li+] PWBXDCPGSHVVPB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001343 alkyl silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- DYBDOCMGYURHRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy-propyl-[2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,7,7,8,8,8-tridecafluoro-6-methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)octoxy]silane Chemical compound CC(C(C(C(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCC)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)F DYBDOCMGYURHRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001337 iron nitride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JWZCKIBZGMIRSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Pb] JWZCKIBZGMIRSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004502 linear sweep voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium sulfate Inorganic materials [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GLNWILHOFOBOFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium sulfide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[S-2] GLNWILHOFOBOFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- KTQDYGVEEFGIIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-fluorosulfonylsulfamoyl fluoride Chemical compound FS(=O)(=O)NS(F)(=O)=O KTQDYGVEEFGIIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005677 organic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000447 polyanionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 3-aminoazetidine-1-carboxylate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CC(N)C1 RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JVAFDQZZUMUFSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[5,5,6,6,7,7,7-heptafluoro-4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)heptyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCC(C(F)(F)F)(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F JVAFDQZZUMUFSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
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- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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Description
フッ素化率(-)=(シランカップリング剤構成元素中におけるフッ素量(g/mol)/(シランカップリング剤分子量 (g/mol))
本開示の第2態様である二次電池は、正極と、負極と、電解液とを備え、前記電解液は水とリチウム塩を含み、前記負極は負極活物質を含み、前記負極活物質の表面には、水の還元分解電位より貴な電位で還元分解する、フッ素を構成元素として含むシランカップリング剤の還元分解による被膜が形成されている。本開示の第2態様である二次電池は、本開示の第1態様である二次電池の充電後或いは充放電後における態様の二次電池である。すなわち、負極活物質の表面に形成されている被膜は、電気化学的に安定な被膜であり、また、フッ素を含むことにより溶解度の低い成分比率の高い耐水性被膜を形成できるため、充電過程における水の還元分解が抑制され、二次電池の還元側の電位窓が拡大される。
(R1SO2)(R2SO2)N- (i)
(R1、R2は、それぞれ独立に、アルキル基又はハロゲン置換アルキル基から選択される。R1及びR2は互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。)
R3SO3 - (ii)
(R3は、アルキル基又はハロゲン置換アルキル基から選択される。)
R4CO2 - (iii)
(R4は、アルキル基又はハロゲン置換アルキル基から選択される。)
上記一般式(i)~(iii)において、アルキル基又はハロゲン置換アルキル基の炭素数は、1~6が好ましく、1~3がより好ましく、1~2がさらに好ましい。ハロゲン置換アルキル基のハロゲンとしてはフッ素が好ましい。ハロゲン置換アルキル基におけるハロゲン置換数は、もとのアルキル基の水素の数以下である。
(nは1以上の整数であり、a、b、c、d、eは0以上の整数であり、2n+1=a+b+c+d+eを満足する。)
上記一般式(i)で表される有機アニオンの具体例としては、例えば、ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミド(TFSI;[N(CF3SO2)2]-)、ビス(パーフルオロエタンスルホニル)イミド(BETI;[N(C2F5SO2)2]-)、(パーフルオロエタンスルホニル)(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミド([N(C2F5SO2)(CF3SO2)]-)等が挙げられる。上記一般式(ii)で表される有機アニオンの具体例としては、例えばCF3SO3 -、C2F5SO3 -等が挙げられる。上記一般式(iii)で表される有機アニオンの具体例としては、例えばCF3CO2 -、C2F5CO2 -等が挙げられる。
[負極]
負極活物質としてのハードカーボンと、結着材としてのPVDFとを、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)中で96:4の固形分質量比で混合して、負極合材スラリーを調製した。次に、当該負極合材スラリーを銅箔からなる負極集電体上に塗布し、塗膜を乾燥させた後、圧延ローラーにより圧延することにより、電極を作製した。
正極活物質としてのLiCoO2と、導電材としてのカーボンブラックと、結着材としてのPVdFとを、NMP中で94:3:3の質量比で混合して、正極合材スラリーを調製した。次に、当該正極合材スラリーを、Ti箔からなる正極集電体上に塗布し、塗膜を乾燥させた後、圧延ローラーにより圧延した。そして、所定の電極サイズに切断して、正極を得た。正極の塗布量、及び充填密度は、それぞれ65.0g/cm2、2.8gcm-3であった。
リチウム塩(LITFSI:LIBETI=0.7:0.3(モル比))と水とを、モル比で1:2となるように混合して、水にリチウム塩が溶解した電解液を調製した。
上記負極を作用極、上記正極を対極、Ag/AgCl(3M NaCl)を参照極として、上記電解液を入れた三電極式セルを構築した。
負極(作用極)の作製において、シランカップリング剤であるフルオロアルキルシラン溶液(組成:CF3(CF2)7CH2CH2-Si-(OCH3)3)を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、三電極式セルを構築した。
負極(作用極)の作製において、負極活物質表面にフルオロアルキルシランを付着させる処理を行わなかったこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、三電極式セルを構築した。
負極(作用極)の作製において、シランカップリング剤であるアルキルシラン溶液(組成:CH3(CH2)6-Si-(OCH3)3)を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、三電極式セルを構築した。
負極(作用極)の作製において、シランカップリング剤であるフルオロアルキルシラン溶液(組成:CF3(CF2)3CH2CH2-Si-(OCH3)3)を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、三電極式セルを構築した。
・測定条件
開始電位:OCV
第一折り返し電位:-3.238V vs.Ag/AgCl(3M NaCl)
(Li基準で0V)
第二折り返し電位:-0.238V vs.Ag/AgCl(3M NaCl)
(Li基準で3V)
サイクル数:2サイクル
掃引速度:0.1mV/sec
測定温度:25℃
還元側の電位窓は、2サイクル目において-0.1mA/cm2を閾値として読み取った。
・測定条件
開始電位:OCV
電位走査範囲:-3.238V~OCV vs.Ag/AgCl(3M NaCl)
OCP測定時間:-3.238Vvs.Ag/AgCl(3M NaCl)へ電位掃引後から30分
掃引速度:0.1mV/sec
測定温度:25℃
各実施例及び比較例における還元側電位窓、及び0分後の負極のOCP(-3.238Vへ電位掃引後のOCP、1分後の負極のOCP(-3.238Vへ電位掃引後から1分後のOCP)、10分後の負極のOCP(-3.238Vへ電位掃引後から10分後のOCP)の結果を表1に示す。表1に示す還元側電位窓、負極のOCPはいずれもリチウム基準(vs.Li/Li+)に換算した値である。
21 電池ケース
22 正極
23 負極
24 セパレータ
25 ガスケット
26 封口板
27 電解液
30 負極集電体
Claims (18)
- 正極と、負極と、電解液とを備える二次電池であって、
前記電解液は、水とリチウム塩を含み、
前記負極は、負極活物質を含み、前記負極活物質の表面には、水の還元分解電位より貴な電位で還元分解するシランカップリング剤が付着しており、前記シランカップリング剤は構成元素としてフッ素を含むことを特徴とする二次電池。 - 前記負極活物質は、主成分としての炭素材料を含む、請求項1に記載の二次電池。
- 前記シランカップリング剤の還元分解電位は、Li基準で2.1V以上である、請求項1又は2に記載の二次電池。
- 前記シランカップリング剤は、フルオロアルキルシランである、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の二次電池。
- 前記フルオロアルキルシランは、
- 前記Y1は、CnF2n+1(5≦n≦10)で表される、請求項5に記載の二次電池。
- 前記R1、前記R2及び前記R3はそれぞれ独立して、OCnH2n+1(1≦n≦5)又はCnH2n+1(1≦n≦5)で表される、請求項5又は6に記載の二次電池。
- 前記フルオロアルキルシランは、フッ素化率0.49以上である、請求項4~7のいずれか1項に記載の二次電池。
- 前記フルオロアルキルシランは、C5F11CH2CH2-Si(OCH3)3、C6F13CH2CH2-Si(OCH3)3、C8F17CH2CH2-Si(OCH3)3のうちの少なくともいずれか1つを含む、請求項4~8のいずれか1項に記載の二次電池。
- 前記シランカップリング剤の含有量は、前記負極活物質の質量に対して0.01質量%~10質量%の範囲である、請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の二次電池。
- 正極と、負極と、電解液とを備える二次電池であって、
前記電解液は、水とリチウム塩を含み、
前記負極は、負極活物質を含み、前記負極活物質の表面には、水の還元分解電位より貴な電位で還元分解する、フッ素を構成元素として含むシランカップリング剤の還元分解による被膜が形成されている、二次電池。 - 前記被膜は、LiF及びSiOx(0<x<2)を含む、請求項11に記載の二次電池。
- 前記SiOxは、前記被膜の表面側から最深側に向かって、Siの価数が低価数となっている、請求項12に記載の二次電池。
- 前記LiFは、前記被膜の最深側に偏在している、請求項12又は13に記載の二次電池。
- 前記リチウム塩は、リチウムイオンとイミドアニオンとを有する塩を含む、請求項1~14のいずれか1項に記載の二次電池。
- 前記リチウム塩が、LiTFSIを含む、請求項1~15のいずれか1項に記載の二次電池。
- 前記電解液は、前記水を6質量%~50質量%含む、請求項1~16のいずれか1項に記載の二次電池。
- 前記電解液は、前記リチウム塩1molに対して前記水が4mol以下である、請求項1~17のいずれか1項に記載の二次電池。
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Patent Citations (4)
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JP2007109549A (ja) | 2005-10-14 | 2007-04-26 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | 水系リチウム二次電池 |
WO2012081348A1 (ja) | 2010-12-13 | 2012-06-21 | 日本電気株式会社 | 二次電池用正極活物質 |
JP2019169355A (ja) | 2018-03-23 | 2019-10-03 | 株式会社東芝 | 二次電池、電池パック、車両及び定置用電源 |
JP7357235B2 (ja) | 2019-03-27 | 2023-10-06 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 二次電池 |
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CN113614979A (zh) | 2021-11-05 |
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