JP7458549B2 - 改良された水素バリアを有する多層構造体 - Google Patents
改良された水素バリアを有する多層構造体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7458549B2 JP7458549B2 JP2023501199A JP2023501199A JP7458549B2 JP 7458549 B2 JP7458549 B2 JP 7458549B2 JP 2023501199 A JP2023501199 A JP 2023501199A JP 2023501199 A JP2023501199 A JP 2023501199A JP 7458549 B2 JP7458549 B2 JP 7458549B2
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
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Description
a.少なくとも1つの第1のポリマーを含む内層、
b.エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体を含む中間層、及び
c.少なくとも1つの第2のポリマーを含む外層
を含む少なくとも3つの層を含み、
ISO 15106-2:2003に従って38℃及び90%RHで測定される前記内層の水蒸気透過率が、ISO 15106-2:2003に従って38℃及び90%RHで測定される前記外層の水蒸気透過率より低い多層構造体を提供することによって解決される。
a.少なくとも1つの第1のポリマーを含む内層、
b.エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体を含む中間層、及び
c.少なくとも1つの第2のポリマーを含む外層
を含む少なくとも3つの層を含み、
ISO 15106-2:2003に従って38℃及び90%RHで測定される前記内層の水蒸気透過率が、ISO 15106-2:2003に従って38℃及び90%RHで測定される前記外層の水蒸気透過率より低い多層構造体に関するものである。
a.少なくとも1つの第1のポリマーを含む内層、
b.エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体を含む中間層、及び
c.少なくとも1つの第2のポリマーを含む外層
からなることも好ましい。
コリン共押出ラインで、下記の厚みの内層及び外層用の高密度ポリエチレン(HDPE)、結合層用の接着層(Adh)並びに中間層用のピュアEVOHのキャストシート押出により、5層フラットシートを製造した。
(外側=スイープガス側)HDPE/Adh/EVOH/Adh/HDPE(内側=H2ガス側):100/50/100/50/700μm
Adh:メルトインデックス1.1g/10分(190℃、2.16kg荷重)、密度:0.92g/cm3の三井化学ヨーロッパ社から市販されている無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレン「アドマーGT6E」。
EVOH-32:エチレン含有量32mol%、ケン化度:99.9mol%、メルトインデックス:1.6g/10分(190℃、荷重2.16kg)、密度:1.18g/cm3のエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体。このEVOHは、100ppmの酢酸、40ppmのリン酸イオン、150ppmのナトリウムイオン、180ppmのホウ酸(ホウ素原子換算)を含有する。
スクリュー回転数:95rpm
シリンダー、ダイ温度設定:C1/C2/C3/C4/C5/D=190℃/215℃/215℃/215℃/215℃/215℃
ダイスホール数:6穴(3mmφ)
A:ほとんど目ヤニ発生なし
B:わずかに目ヤニが発生
C:顕著に目ヤニが発生
HDPE層の厚みが異なることで、多層シート構造におけるEVOH層の位置及び相対湿度を変えた以外は、実施例1に記載のものと同じ手順を繰り返した。結果及び層厚を表1にまとめている。実用上の理由から、参考例2について報告された透過結果は、実施例1における多層シートを逆向きに使用して測定されたものである。
EVOHを、より低いエチレン含有量を有するEVOHグレードに置き換える以外は、実施例1に記載のものと同じ手順を繰り返した。
EVOH-27:エチレン含有量が27mol%のエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体、けん化度:99.9mol%、メルトインデックス:4.0g/10分(210℃、2.16kg荷重)、密度:1.21g/cm3。このEVOHは、100ppmの酢酸、40ppmのリン酸イオン、150ppmのナトリウムイオン及び180ppm(ホウ素原子換算)のホウ酸を含む。
EVOHを、耐衝撃性改良された27mol%エチレンEVOHグレードに置き換える以外は、実施例1に記載のものと同じ手順を繰り返した。
EVOH-27:実施例2で使用したものと同じEVOH。
エラストマー:無水マレイン酸変性α-オレフィン共重合体「TAFMER MH7010」三井化学ヨーロッパ社;メルトインデックス:0.9g/10分(190℃、2.16kg荷重)、密度0.870g/cm3。
EVOH-27-エラストマー:90重量%のEVOH-27と10重量%のエラストマーの溶融ブレンド。
EVOHを、より低いエチレン含有量を有するEVOHグレードに置き換える以外は、実施例1に記載のものと同じ手順を繰り返した。
EVOH-24:エチレン含有量が24mol%のエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体、けん化度:99.9mol%、メルトインデックス:2.2g/10分(210℃、2.16kg荷重)、密度:1.22g/cm3。このEVOHは、100ppmの酢酸、40ppmのリン酸イオン、150ppmのナトリウムイオン、180ppm(ホウ素原子換算)のホウ酸を含有する。
HDPEを熱可塑性ポリウレタン(TPU)樹脂層に置き換える以外は、実施例1に記載のものと同じ手順を繰り返した。EVOHと選択したTPU樹脂との間で直接接着ができることから、中間接着樹脂層は不要であった。
TPU:The Lubrizol Corporation製のLubrizol「ESTANE」TS 92AP7 NAT 055、密度:1.20g/cm3。
試験結果及び層厚を表1にまとめてある。
HDPE及び接着樹脂層をポリアミド6(ナイロン6、PA6)及びポリアミド6/12(ナイロン6/12、PA6.12)に置き換える以外は、実施例1に記載のものと同じ手順を繰り返した。EVOHと選択したポリアミドとの間で直接接着ができることから、さらなる接着樹脂層は必要なかった。
PA6:宇部興産製のUBEナイロン1018SE、メルトインデックス:9g/10分(235℃、2.16kg荷重)、密度:1.14g/cm3。
PA6.12:TeknorApex社製の「Chemlon 890H」。
試験結果及び層厚を表1にまとめてある。
スクリュー回転数:95rpm
シリンダー、ダイ温度設定:C1/C2/C3/C4/C5/D=190℃/230℃/230℃/230℃/230℃/230℃
ダイスホール数:6穴(3mmφ)
HDPE及び接着樹脂層をポリアミド6(ナイロン6、PA6)及びポリアミド12(ナイロン12、PA12)層に置き換える以外は、実施例1に記載のものと同じ手順を繰り返した。EVOHとPA12の間では直接接着が不十分であるため、EVOHとPA12層の間に、さらなるPA6.12及びPA6ベースの層(PA-Adh)を設けた。
PA-Adh:EVONIK Resource Efficiency GmbH製の「Vestamid SX8002」、PA6.12及びPA6をベースとする可塑化及び耐衝撃性改良された押出成形組成物。
PA12:宇部興産製のポリアミド12「UBESTA 3030XA」、メルトインデックス:2.0g/10分(235℃、2.16kg荷重)、密度:1.02g/cm3。
試験結果及び層厚を表1にまとめてある。
EVOH層の片面においてHDPE及び接着樹脂層をポリアミド6(ナイロン6、PA6)に置き換え、他方の面においてポリアミド6とエラストマーのブレンド物(PA6-Elastomer)に置き換える以外は、実施例1に記載の手順と同じ手順を繰り返した。
PA6:宇部興産製の「UBEナイロン1018SE」、メルトインデックス:9g/10分(235℃、2.16kg荷重)、密度:1.14g/cm3。
エラストマー:三井化学ヨーロッパ社から市販されている無水マレイン酸変性α-オレフィン共重合体「TAFMER MH7010」、メルトインデックス:0.9g/10分(190℃、2.16kg荷重)、密度:0.870g/cm3。
PA6-エラストマー:80重量%のPA6と20重量%のエラストマーの溶融ブレンド。
試験結果及び層厚を表1にまとめてある。
EVOHの内側又は外側において、HDPE層及び接着樹脂層をポリアミド6(PA6)に置き換える以外は、実施例1に記載のものと同じ手順を繰り返した。
実施例9において外層と内層の厚みを表1に記載の通り変えた以外は、実施例1と同様に多層シートを作製し、評価した。
実施例1において、EVOH-32を、ホウ酸を含有しない以外はEVOH-32と同一であるEVOH-32’に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様に多層シートを作製し、評価を行った。実施例11で得られた多層構造体の内側を20℃、0%RHの空気に、外側を20℃、50%RHの空気に、1か月間接触させて調湿してから、実施例1と同様に耐衝撃性を評価したところ、試験片に凹みが見られた。一方で実施例1では試験片に凹みや割れは見られなかったことから、ホウ酸を含有する実施例1において優れた耐衝撃性を有することが確認された。
Claims (21)
- 水素を含むガスを貯蔵又は移送するための多層構造体であって、前記多層構造体が、
a.少なくとも1つの第1のポリマーを含む内層、
b.エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体を含む中間層、及び
c.少なくとも1つの第2のポリマーを含む外層
を含む少なくとも3つの層を含み、
ISO 15106-2:2003に従って38℃及び90%RHで測定される前記内層の水蒸気透過率が、ISO 15106-2:2003に従って38℃及び90%RHで測定される前記外層の水蒸気透過率より低く、
前記中間層の内側にある層の合計厚みをIとし、前記中間層の外側にある層の合計厚みをOとしたときの比(I/O)が60/40以上99/1以下である多層構造体。 - 水素を含むガスを貯蔵又は移送するための多層構造体であって、前記多層構造体が、
a.少なくとも1つの第1のポリマーを含む内層、
b.エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体を含む中間層、及び
c.少なくとも1つの第2のポリマーを含む外層
を含む少なくとも3つの層を含み、
ISO 15106-2:2003に従って38℃及び90%RHで測定される前記内層の水蒸気透過率が、ISO 15106-2:2003に従って38℃及び90%RHで測定される前記外層の水蒸気透過率より低く、
前記第1のポリマー及び前記第2のポリマーが同じ化学組成を有し、前記内層の厚みが前記外層の厚みより大きい多層構造体。 - 水素を含むガスを貯蔵又は移送するための多層構造体であって、前記多層構造体が、
a.少なくとも1つの第1のポリマーを含む内層、
b.エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体を含む中間層、及び
c.少なくとも1つの第2のポリマーを含む外層
を含む少なくとも3つの層を含み、
ISO 15106-2:2003に従って38℃及び90%RHで測定される前記内層の水蒸気透過率が、ISO 15106-2:2003に従って38℃及び90%RHで測定される前記外層の水蒸気透過率より低く、
前記第1のポリマーが高密度ポリエチレン(HDPE)である多層構造体。 - 前記第1のポリマー及び前記第2のポリマーの両方が高密度ポリエチレン(HDPE)であり、前記中間層の内側にある層の合計厚みをIとし、前記中間層の外側にある層の合計厚みをOとしたときの比(I/O)が60/40以上99/1以下である、請求項3に記載の多層構造体。
- 水素を含むガスを貯蔵又は移送するための多層構造体であって、前記多層構造体が、
a.少なくとも1つの第1のポリマーを含む内層、
b.エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体を含む中間層、及び
c.少なくとも1つの第2のポリマーを含む外層
を含む少なくとも3つの層を含み、
ISO 15106-2:2003に従って38℃及び90%RHで測定される前記内層の水蒸気透過率が、ISO 15106-2:2003に従って38℃及び90%RHで測定される前記外層の水蒸気透過率より低く、
前記第1のポリマーが高密度ポリエチレン(HDPE)であり、前記第2のポリマーがポリアミド(PA)であり、前記中間層の内側にある層の合計厚みをIとし、前記中間層の外側にある層の合計厚みの合計をOとしたときの比(I/O)が60/40以上99/1以下である多層構造体。 - 水素を含むガスを貯蔵又は移送するための多層構造体であって、前記多層構造体が、
a.少なくとも1つの第1のポリマーを含む内層、
b.エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体を含む中間層、及び
c.少なくとも1つの第2のポリマーを含む外層
を含む少なくとも3つの層を含み、
ISO 15106-2:2003に従って38℃及び90%RHで測定される前記内層の水蒸気透過率が、ISO 15106-2:2003に従って38℃及び90%RHで測定される前記外層の水蒸気透過率より低く、
前記中間層の含水率が1.1質量%以上4質量%以下である多層構造体。 - 水素を含むガスを貯蔵又は移送するための多層構造体であって、前記多層構造体が、
a.少なくとも1つの第1のポリマーを含む内層、
b.エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体を含む中間層、及び
c.少なくとも1つの第2のポリマーを含む外層
を含む少なくとも3つの層を含み、
ISO 15106-2:2003に従って38℃及び90%RHで測定される前記内層の水蒸気透過率が、ISO 15106-2:2003に従って38℃及び90%RHで測定される前記外層の水蒸気透過率より低く、
前記ガスが99体積%以上の水素を含む多層構造体。 - 水素を含むガスを貯蔵又は移送するための多層構造体であって、前記多層構造体が、
a.少なくとも1つの第1のポリマーを含む内層、
b.エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体を含む中間層、及び
c.少なくとも1つの第2のポリマーを含む外層
を含む少なくとも3つの層を含み、
ISO 15106-2:2003に従って38℃及び90%RHで測定される前記内層の水蒸気透過率が、ISO 15106-2:2003に従って38℃及び90%RHで測定される前記外層の水蒸気透過率より低く、
前記ガスの相対湿度が20%以下である多層構造体。 - 前記エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体のエチレン含有量が20~60mol%である、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の多層構造体。
- 前記エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体のエチレン含有量が20mol%以上30mol%以下である、請求項9に記載の多層構造体。
- 前記中間層が、5ppm以上200ppm以下のリン酸イオン、及び10ppm以上400ppm以下のアルカリ金属イオンを含む、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の多層構造体。
- 前記中間層が、ホウ素元素換算で50ppm以上400ppm未満のホウ素化合物を含む、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の多層構造体。
- 前記中間層がさらに、エラストマー、ポリオレフィン、ポリエステル、ポリウレタン及びポリアミドからなるリストから選択される少なくとも1つの追加のポリマーを含む、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の多層構造体。
- 前記中間層が、70質量%以上99質量%以下のエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体及び1質量%以上30質量%以下の酸変性エチレン-α-オレフィン共重合体を含む、請求項13に記載の多層構造体。
- 前記中間層の厚みをAとし、前記多層構造体の厚みをBとしたときの比(A/B)が3/97以上30/70以下である、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の多層構造体。
- 前記第2のポリマーがポリアミド(PA)である、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の多層構造体。
- 請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の多層構造体を含む水素貯蔵容器又は水素移送パイプ。
- 水素貯蔵タンク、水素貯蔵タンク用ライナー、水素移送パイプ又は水素移送パイプ用ライナーにおける請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の多層構造体の使用。
- 水素を含むガスを貯蔵又は移送するための多層構造体の使用であって、前記多層構造体が、
a.少なくとも1つの第1のポリマーを含む内層、
b.エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体を含む中間層、及び
c.少なくとも1つの第2のポリマーを含む外層
を含む少なくとも3つの層を含み、
ISO 15106-2:2003に従って38℃及び90%RHで測定される前記内層の水蒸気透過率が、ISO 15106-2:2003に従って38℃及び90%RHで測定される前記外層の水蒸気透過率より低く、
水素ガスを貯蔵又は移送する前に、前記多層構造体を相対湿度の高い環境でエージングして、中間層の含水率を1.1質量%以上4質量%以下に調整する、
水素貯蔵タンク、水素貯蔵タンク用ライナー、水素移送パイプ又は水素移送パイプ用ライナーにおける前記多層構造体の使用。 - 前記多層構造体を自動車で使用する、請求項18に記載の使用。
- 請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の多層構造体を含む燃料電池電気自動車(FCEV)。
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WO2016104726A1 (ja) | 2014-12-27 | 2016-06-30 | 日本合成化学工業株式会社 | エチレン-ビニルエステル系共重合体ケン化物樹脂組成物、高圧ガス用樹脂チューブ又は複合容器用樹脂ライナー、及び高圧ガスホース又は複合容器 |
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