JP7432071B2 - 半導体装置およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7432071B2 JP7432071B2 JP2018528801A JP2018528801A JP7432071B2 JP 7432071 B2 JP7432071 B2 JP 7432071B2 JP 2018528801 A JP2018528801 A JP 2018528801A JP 2018528801 A JP2018528801 A JP 2018528801A JP 7432071 B2 JP7432071 B2 JP 7432071B2
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Description
技術分野
本発明は、パワーエレクトロニクスの分野に関し、より詳細には、半導体装置を製造する方法およびそのような半導体装置に関する。
図14では、従来技術のMOSFET100が、米国特許第7074643(B2)号明細書から知られているように示されている。従来技術のMOSFET100は、n+シリコンカーバイド(SiC)基板80からなり、第1の主面20と第2の主面22との間にn-ドープドリフト層2を含む。第1の主面20上には、2つのn++ドープソース領域3,3’が配置されており、2つのn++ドープソース領域のそれぞれは、pドープチャネル層4,4’によって横方向(すなわち、第1の主面20に平行な方向)にドリフト層2から分離されており、p+井戸層5,5’によって第1の主面20と対向する面上に形成されており、チャネル層4,4’よりも高濃度でドープされている。チャネル層4,4’および井戸層5,5’で囲まれたこのような2つのソース領域3,3’間には、p++ドープコンタクト層65が配置されており、ソース領域に横方向に延在する。ドーピング濃度が高いため、p++ドープコンタクト層は、第1の主電極9(ソース電極)に良好なオーミック接触をもたらす。コンタクト層65は、井戸層5,5’ほど深さが深くないコンタクト層深さ67まで空間的に(即ち、第1の主面20に対して垂直な深さ方向に)延在するが、井戸層5,5’をソース電極9に接続するために井戸層5,5’に電気的および機械的に接触する浅い層である。コンタクト層65は、ソース領域3,3’およびチャネル層4,4’と重なり、その結果、コンタクト層65が第1の主電極9と接する唯一のpドープ層となる。
本発明の目的は、改善された電気的特性を有するパワー半導体デバイスを製造する方法を提供することであり、
(a)半導体装置内にドリフト層を形成する第1の導電型の低濃度ドープ層を有するワイドバンドギャップ基板製品を提供する工程であって、基板製品は、第1の面および第1の面に対向する第2の面を有し、低濃度ドープ層は、第1の面上に配置される工程、
(b)次いで、第1の面上に、ドリフト層より高いドーピング濃度を有する第1の導電型の2つのソース領域をソース領域深さまで形成し、チャネル層深さを有し、2つのソース領域を第1の面に平行な横方向に取り囲み、それによって2つのソース領域をドリフト層から横方向に分離する、第1の導電型とは異なる第2の導電型の少なくとも1つのチャネル層を形成し、少なくともチャネル層深さと同じ深さの井戸層深さを有し、少なくとも1つのチャネル層よりも高いドーピング濃度を有する少なくとも1つの第2の導電型の井戸層を形成し、ここで、少なくとも1つの井戸層は、第1の面に対向する少なくとも1つの井戸層の面上のドリフト層から2つのソース領域を分離し、ここで、開口部を有する第1の面上に第1のマスクを適用し、第1のマスクは、第1のマスク層および第1のマスク層上に第2のマスク層を含み、ここで、第1のマスク層は、第2のマスク層よりも高いエッチング選択性を有し、
次いで、2つのソース領域をソース領域深さまで形成するための第1の導電型の第2のドーパントを適用し、
次いで、2つのソース領域間に配置された第1のマスクの部分を除去し、それによって第2のマスクを形成し、
次いで、少なくとも1つの井戸層を井戸層深さまで形成するための第2の導電型の第3のドーパントを適用し、
第1の面にエッチング工程を行って、エッチングによって、第1のマスク層は開口部で第2のマスク層よりもさらに除去され、
第2のマスク層を除去し、ここで、残留する第1のマスク層は第3のマスクを形成し、
次いで、2つのチャネル層をチャネル層深さまで形成するための第2の導電型の第1のドーパントを適用する工程、
(c)工程(b)後に、井戸層深さと少なくとも同じ深さのプラグ深さを有し、少なくとも1つの井戸層よりも高いドーピング濃度を有する第2の導電型のプラグを形成し、ここで、プラグは2つのソース領域間に配置される工程、
(d)工程(c)後に、第1の面上に2つのゲート電極を形成し、2つのゲート電極のそれぞれが絶縁層によって任意のドープ層から分離される工程、
(e)工程(c)後に、第1の面上にオーミック接触として第1の主電極を形成し、2つのソース領域およびプラグに接触する工程を含む。
図面の簡単な説明
本発明の主題は、添付図面を参照して、以下の本文においてより詳細に説明される。
図1は、本発明の絶縁ゲートバイポーラトランジスタ(IGBT)1を示す。IGBT1は、ワイドバンドギャップ装置、すなわち、第1の主面20および第1の主面20と対向する装置の第2の主面22との間に低濃度(n-)ドープドリフト層2を含む炭化ケイ素装置である。ワイドバンドギャップ材料は、他のワイドバンドギャップ材料を除外しない炭化ケイ素、窒化ガリウムまたはダイヤモンドのような少なくとも2eVのバンドギャップを有する材料とする。電圧クラスに応じて、ドリフト層2のドーピング濃度および厚さが選択される。例示的には、ドリフト層2は、1×1012~1×1017cm-3のドーピング濃度および1~500μmの厚さを有する。厚さは、深さ方向、すなわち、第1の主面20に垂直な方向に測定される。
1 IGBT
1’ MOSFET
10 ワイドバンドギャップ基板製品
12 第1の面
14 第2の面
2 ドリフト層
20 第1の主面
22 第2の主面
25 バッファ層
3,3’ ソース領域
31 第2のドーパント
30 ソース領域深さ
34 第1のマスク
35 第1のマスク層
35’ 残りの第1のマスク層
36 第2のマスク層
4,4’ チャネル層
41 第1のドーパント
40 チャネル層深さ
41 第1のドーパント
44 多結晶シリコン層
45 酸化物層
46 第3のマスク
47 非空乏チャネル層
48 空乏チャネル層
49 トップマスク層
49’ 残りのトップマスク層
5,5’ 井戸層
50 井戸層深さ
51 第3のドーパント
54 第2のマスク
6 プラグ
60 プラグ深さ
61 第4のドーパント
62 第4のマスク
65 コンタクト層
67 コンタクト層深さ
7 ゲート電極
70 ゲート層
72 第1の絶縁層
74 第2の絶縁層
8 コレクタ層
80 ドレイン層
9 第1の主電極
90 第2の主電極
Claims (13)
- 半導体装置の製造方法であって、
(a)前記半導体装置内にドリフト層(2)を形成する第1の導電型の低濃度ドープ層を有するワイドバンドギャップ基板製品(10)を提供する工程であって、前記基板製品(10)は、第1の面(12)および前記第1の面(12)に対向する第2の面(14)を有し、前記低濃度ドープ層は、前記第1の面(12)上に配置される工程、
(b)次いで、前記第1の面(12)上の前記ワイドバンドギャップ基板製品内に、前記ドリフト層(2)より高いドーピング濃度を有する前記第1の導電型の2つのソース領域(3,3’)をソース領域深さ(30)まで形成し、チャネル層深さ(40)を有し、前記2つのソース領域(3,3’)を前記第1の面(12)に平行な横方向に取り囲み、それによって前記2つのソース領域(3,3’)を前記ドリフト層(2)から前記横方向に分離する、前記第1の導電型とは異なる第2の導電型の2つのチャネル層(4,4’)を形成し、および少なくとも前記チャネル層深さ(40)と同じ深さの井戸層深さ(50)を有し、少なくとも1つの前記チャネル層(4,4’)よりも高いドーピング濃度を有し、前記第1の面(12)に対向する少なくとも1つの井戸層の面上の前記ドリフト層(2)から前記2つのソース領域(3,3’)を分離する、前記第2の導電型の少なくとも1つの井戸層(5,5’)を形成し、
ここで、前記2つのソース領域(3,3’)を形成するための開口部を有する前記第1の面(12)上に第1のマスク(34)を適用し、前記第1のマスク(34)は、第1のマスク層(35)および前記第1のマスク層(35)上の第2のマスク層(36)を含み、ここで、前記第1のマスク層(35)は、前記第2のマスク層(36)よりも高いエッチング選択性を有し、
次いで、前記2つのソース領域(3,3’)を前記ソース領域深さ(30)まで形成するための前記第1の導電型の第2のドーパント(31)を適用し、
次いで、前記2つのソース領域(3,3’)間に配置された前記第1のマスク(34)の部分を除去し、それによって第2のマスク(54)を形成し、
前記少なくとも1つの井戸層(5,5’)を前記井戸層深さ(50)に形成するための前記第2の導電型の第3のドーパント(51)を適用し、
前記第1の面(12)にエッチング工程を行って、エッチングによって、前記第1のマスク層(35)は、前記開口部で前記第2のマスク層(36)よりもさらに除去され、
前記第2のマスク層(36)を除去し、残留する前記第1のマスク層(35’)は第3のマスク(46)を形成し、
次いで、2つのチャネル層(4,4’)を形成するための前記第2の導電型の第1のドーパント(41)を前記チャネル層深さ(40)まで適用する工程、
(c)工程(b)後に、少なくとも前記2つのソース領域(3,3’)および前記2つのチャネル層(4,4’)を覆う第4のマスクを適用し、
次いで、前記井戸層深さ(50)よりも大きい深さのプラグ深さ(60)を有し、前記少なくとも1つの井戸層(5,5’)よりも高いドーピング濃度を有するプラグ(6)を形成するための前記第2の導電型の第4のドーパントを適用する工程、
(d)工程(c)後に、前記第1の面(12)上に2つのゲート電極(7)を形成し、2つのゲート電極(7)のそれぞれが絶縁層によって任意のドープ層から分離される工程、
(e)工程(c)後に、前記第1の面(12)上にオーミック接触として第1の主電極(9)を形成し、前記2つのソース領域(3,3’)および前記プラグ(6)に接触する工程を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の半導体装置の製造方法であって、
工程(c)において、前記少なくとも1つの井戸層(5,5’)が前記プラグ(6)を前記横方向に囲むように前記第4のマスクが前記2つのソース領域(3,3’)に隣接する前記井戸層(5,5’)の一部を突出させるように、および前記少なくとも1つの井戸層(5,5’)が前記プラグ(6)を前記2つのソース領域(3,3’)から分離するように、前記第4のマスクを適用することを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1乃至2のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法であって、
工程(c)において、前記少なくとも1つの井戸層(5,5’)のドーピング濃度の少なくとも10倍であるドーピング濃度を有する前記プラグ(6)を形成する、または前記少なくとも1つの井戸層(5,5’)のドーピング濃度の10倍から100倍のドーピング濃度を有する前記プラグ(6)を形成することを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法であって、
工程(b)において、前記2つのチャネル層(4,4’)のドーピング濃度の少なくとも10倍であるドーピング濃度を有する前記少なくとも1つの井戸層(5,5’)を形成する、または工程(b)において、前記2つのチャネル層(4,4’)のドーピング濃度の10倍から100倍のドーピング濃度を有する前記少なくとも1つの井戸層(5,5’)を形成することを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法であって、
工程(b)において、1×1017~1×1021cm-3または1×1018~1×1020cm-3のドーピング濃度を有する前記少なくとも1つの井戸層(5,5’)を形成することを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1乃至5のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法であって、
工程(b)において、1×1016~1×1018cm-3のドーピング濃度を有する前記2つのチャネル層(4,4’)を形成することを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1乃至6のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法であって、
工程(c)において、2×1017~2×1021cm-3または1×1019~2×1021cm-3のドーピング濃度を有する前記プラグ(6)を形成することを特徴とする方法。 - 第1の主面(20)と前記第1の主面(20)に対向する装置の第2の主面(22)との間に第1の導電型の低濃度ドープドリフト層(2)を含むワイドバンドギャップ半導体装置であって、
さらに、前記第1の主面(20)上に、ソース領域深さ(30)を有する前記第1の導電型の2つのソース領域(3,3’)であり、前記2つのソース領域(3,3’)が前記ドリフト層(2)よりも高いドーピング濃度を有する、2つのソース領域(3,3’)と、
前記ソース領域深さ(30)と少なくとも同じ深さのチャネル層深さ(40)を有する、前記第1の導電型とは異なる第2の導電型の2つのチャネル層(4,4’)であり、各ソース領域(3,3’)は、前記第1の主面(20)に平行な方向にチャネル層(4,4’)によって前記ドリフト層(2)から分離された、第2の導電型の2つのチャネル層(4,4’)と、
少なくとも前記チャネル層深さ(40)と同じ深さの井戸層深さ(50)を有する前記第2の導電型の2つの井戸層(5,5’)であり、前記井戸層(5,5’)は、前記チャネル層(4,4’)よりも高いドーピング濃度を有し、前記井戸層(5,5’)は、前記第1の主面(20)と対向する前記井戸層の面上に前記ドリフト層(2)から前記2つのソース領域(3,3’)を分離する、第2の導電型の2つの井戸層(5,5’)と、
前記井戸層深さ(50)よりも大きい深さのプラグ深さ(60)を有し、前記井戸層(5,5’)よりも高いドーピング濃度を有する前記第2の導電型のプラグ(6)であり、前記プラグ(6)は、前記2つのソース領域(3,3’)間に配置され、前記2つの井戸層(5,5’)は、前記プラグ(6)を横方向に囲み、前記2つの井戸層(5,5’)は前記2つのソース領域(3,3’)から前記プラグ(6)を分離する、プラグ(6)と、
前記第1の主面(20)上にそれぞれ配置された2つのゲート電極(7)であって、各ゲート電極(7)は、第1の絶縁層(72)によって任意のドープ層から分離されたゲート層(70)を含む、2つのゲート電極(7)と、
前記第1の主面(20)上にオーミック接触としての、少なくとも前記2つのソース領域(3,3’)および前記プラグ(6)に接触する第1の主電極(9)とを含み、
前記井戸層(5,5’)および前記チャネル層(4,4’)は、前記ソース領域(3,3’)の横方向の少なくともチャネル形成が可能な領域において前記第1の主面(20)に低ドーピング濃度を有する共通層(4,5および4’,5’)として形成され、前記共通層(4,5および4’,5’)のドーピング濃度は、次いで前記ソース領域(3,3’)の下においてより高いドーピング濃度まで上昇することを特徴とするワイドバンドギャップ半導体装置。 - 請求項8に記載のワイドバンドギャップ半導体装置であって、
前記2つのソース領域(3,3’)、前記チャネル層(4,4’)、前記井戸層(5,5’)および前記プラグ(6)は、前記第1の主面(20)上に1つの平面を形成することを特徴とするワイドバンドギャップ半導体装置。 - 請求項8または9に記載のワイドバンドギャップ半導体装置であって、
前記プラグ(6)のドーピング濃度は、前記井戸層(5,5’)のドーピング濃度の少なくとも10倍である、または前記プラグ(6)のドーピング濃度は、前記井戸層(5,5’)のドーピング濃度の10倍から100倍であることを特徴とするワイドバンドギャップ半導体装置。 - 請求項8乃至10のいずれか1項に記載のワイドバンドギャップ半導体装置であって、
前記井戸層(5,5’)のドーピング濃度は、前記チャネル層(4,4’)のドーピング濃度の少なくとも10倍である、または前記井戸層(5,5’)のドーピング濃度は、前記チャネル層(4,4’)のドーピング濃度の10倍から100倍であることを特徴とするワイドバンドギャップ半導体装置。 - 請求項8乃至11のいずれか1項に記載のワイドバンドギャップ半導体装置であって、
前記プラグ(6)は、2×1017~2×1021cm-3または1×1019~2×1021cm-3のドーピング濃度を有する、
前記井戸層(5,5’)は、1×1017~1×1021cm-3または1×1018~1×1020cm-3のドーピング濃度を有する、および
前記チャネル層(4,4’)は、1×1016~1×1018cm-3のドーピング濃度を有する、の少なくとも1つを特徴とするワイドバンドギャップ半導体装置。 - 請求項8乃至12のいずれか1項に記載のワイドバンドギャップ半導体装置であって、
前記装置は、絶縁ゲートバイポーラトランジスタまたは金属酸化物半導体電界効果トランジスタであることを特徴とするワイドバンドギャップ半導体装置。
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EP3176812A1 (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2017-06-07 | ABB Schweiz AG | Semiconductor device and method for manufacturing such a semiconductor device |
CN109148590A (zh) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-01-04 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | 半导体器件及其制备方法 |
US10985242B2 (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2021-04-20 | Littelfuse, Inc. | Power semiconductor device having guard ring structure, and method of formation |
JP2021002624A (ja) * | 2019-06-24 | 2021-01-07 | 株式会社デンソー | 窒化物半導体装置 |
CN112582461B (zh) * | 2019-09-30 | 2024-05-10 | 比亚迪半导体股份有限公司 | 平面栅SiCMOSFET及其制造方法 |
CN112038234B (zh) * | 2020-08-13 | 2022-11-22 | 杭州芯迈半导体技术有限公司 | SiC MOSFET器件及其制造方法 |
CN117133800B (zh) * | 2023-10-25 | 2024-03-26 | 合肥海图微电子有限公司 | 一种绝缘栅双极型晶体管及其制作方法 |
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WO2017092939A1 (en) | 2017-06-08 |
US20180286963A1 (en) | 2018-10-04 |
EP3384522A1 (en) | 2018-10-10 |
JP2018537859A (ja) | 2018-12-20 |
CN108604551A (zh) | 2018-09-28 |
EP3384522B1 (en) | 2019-07-17 |
CN108604551B (zh) | 2022-09-06 |
CN108604552B (zh) | 2022-03-22 |
CN108604552A (zh) | 2018-09-28 |
EP3176812A1 (en) | 2017-06-07 |
US10553437B2 (en) | 2020-02-04 |
JP6807390B2 (ja) | 2021-01-06 |
US10361082B2 (en) | 2019-07-23 |
EP3384523A1 (en) | 2018-10-10 |
US20180350602A1 (en) | 2018-12-06 |
WO2017092940A1 (en) | 2017-06-08 |
EP3384523B1 (en) | 2019-07-17 |
JP2018537858A (ja) | 2018-12-20 |
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