JP7383009B2 - 潤滑油組成物 - Google Patents
潤滑油組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7383009B2 JP7383009B2 JP2021507319A JP2021507319A JP7383009B2 JP 7383009 B2 JP7383009 B2 JP 7383009B2 JP 2021507319 A JP2021507319 A JP 2021507319A JP 2021507319 A JP2021507319 A JP 2021507319A JP 7383009 B2 JP7383009 B2 JP 7383009B2
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- lubricating oil
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- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 154
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 152
- -1 triazole compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 104
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims description 99
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 67
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 60
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 54
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 10
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012208 gear oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 52
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 23
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 21
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
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- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 12
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- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 10
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- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 9
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 9
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
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- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 5
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006078 metal deactivator Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000001841 imino group Chemical group [H]N=* 0.000 description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- LSHROXHEILXKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[2-[2-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]ethylamino]ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCNCCN LSHROXHEILXKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N (2s)-2-[[4-[2-(2,4-diaminoquinazolin-6-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]amino]-4-methylidenepentanedioic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2=NC(N)=NC(N)=C2C=C1CCC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=C)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(S)=NC2=C1 YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FOKDITTZHHDEHD-PFONDFGASA-N 2-ethylhexyl (z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC FOKDITTZHHDEHD-PFONDFGASA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
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- CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyromellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C=C1C(O)=O CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ALKCLFLTXBBMMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-yl hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC(=O)OC(C)(C=C)CCC=C(C)C ALKCLFLTXBBMMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VKLOPQHLJNFYKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-dodecylsulfanylpropanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCSCCC(O)=O VKLOPQHLJNFYKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MDWVSAYEQPLWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 MDWVSAYEQPLWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMGDVUCDZOBDNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2h-benzotriazole Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC2=NNN=C12 CMGDVUCDZOBDNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 101000823778 Homo sapiens Y-box-binding protein 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000006683 Mannich reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000158728 Meliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000147 Styrene maleic anhydride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophosphoric acid Chemical class OP(O)(S)=O RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
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- CYQAYERJWZKYML-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentasulfide Chemical compound S1P(S2)(=S)SP3(=S)SP1(=S)SP2(=S)S3 CYQAYERJWZKYML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003248 quinolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HIFJUMGIHIZEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid;sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O HIFJUMGIHIZEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004417 unsaturated alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C10M151/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
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Description
[1] (A)潤滑油基油と、
(B)アルカリ土類金属系清浄剤を、潤滑油組成物全量基準でアルカリ土類金属量として10質量ppm以上1000質量ppm以下と、
(C)下記一般式(1)または(2)で表されるトリアゾール系化合物を潤滑油組成物全量基準で0.005質量%以上0.90質量%以下と、
(D)硫黄含有ヘテロ環エーテル化合物およびスルフィド化合物から選択される少なくとも1種の硫黄含有化合物を、潤滑油組成物全量基準で硫黄量として10質量ppm以上2000質量ppm以下と、
(E)無灰分散剤を、潤滑油組成物全量基準で0.010質量%以上4.0質量%以下と、
を含んでなる、潤滑油組成物。
[2] 前記(B)アルカリ土類金属系清浄剤の含有量が、潤滑油組成物全量基準でアルカリ土類金属量として80質量ppm以上300質量ppm以下である、[1]に記載の潤滑油組成物。
[3] 前記(B)アルカリ土類金属系清浄剤が、アルカリ土類金属スルホネートである、[1]または[2]に記載の潤滑油組成物。
[4] 前記(B)アルカリ土類金属系清浄剤の全塩基価が、100mgKOH/g以上500mgKOH/g以下である、[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の潤滑油組成物。
[5] 前記(C)トリアゾール系化合物の含有量が、潤滑油組成物全量基準で0.03質量%以上0.20質量%以下である、[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の潤滑油組成物。
[6] 前記(D)硫黄含有化合物の含有量が、潤滑油組成物全量基準で硫黄量として300質量ppm以上2000質量ppm以下である、[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載の潤滑油組成物。
[7] 前記(D)硫黄含有ヘテロ環エーテル化合物がスルホラン系化合物である、[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載の潤滑油組成物。
[8] 前記(D)スルフィド化合物が下記一般式(15)で表される、[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載の潤滑油組成物。
R27-S-R28 (15)
(式中、R27およびR28は、それぞれ独立に、置換もしくは非置換の炭素原子数2~20の炭化水素基であって、R27およびR28の少なくとも1つが、置換基としてヒドロキシ基および/またはカルボキシ基を有する。)
[9] 前記(E)無灰分散剤の含有量が、潤滑油組成物全量基準で0.30質量%以上2.5質量%以下である、[1]~[8]のいずれかに記載の潤滑油組成物。
[10] 前記(E)無灰分散剤が、アルケニルコハク酸イミドまたはその誘導体である、[1]~[9]のいずれかに記載の潤滑油組成物。
[11] 前記(E)無灰分散剤が、アルケニルコハク酸イミドのホウ酸変性化合物を含有する、[1]~[10]のいずれかに記載の潤滑油組成物。
[12] 前記(A)潤滑油基油にエステル系基油が含有されている場合、該エステル系基油の含有量が、前記(A)潤滑油基中全量基準で10質量%以下である、[1]~[11]のいずれかに記載の潤滑油組成物。
[13] (F)リン系化合物を潤滑油組成物全量基準でリン元素量として100~1500質量ppmさらに含む、[1]~[12]のいずれかに記載の潤滑油組成物。
[14] 前記(F)リン系化合物が亜リン酸エステルである、[13]に記載の潤滑油組成物。
[15] 前記(F)リン系化合物がジアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛である、[13]に記載の潤滑油組成物。
[16] ハイブリッド自動車または電気自動車のパワートレインに用いられる、[1]~[15]のいずれかに記載の潤滑油組成物。
[17] 前記パワートレインのモーター冷却油または減速機油として用いられる、[16]に記載の潤滑油組成物。
[18] [1]~[15]のいずれかに記載の潤滑油組成物を用いて、ハイブリッド自動車または電気自動車のパワートレインを潤滑する方法。
本発明による潤滑油組成物は、少なくとも、(A)潤滑油基油と、(B)アルカリ土類金属系清浄剤と、(C)トリアゾール系化合物と、(D)硫黄含有化合物と、(E)無灰分散剤とを含んでなり、さらに、(F)リン系化合物、および(G)酸化防止剤等を含んでもよい。本発明による潤滑油組成物は、ハイブリッド自動車または電気自動車のパワートレイン、特にパワートレインのモーター冷却油または減速機油に好適に用いることができるものである。以下、本発明による潤滑油組成物を構成する各成分について詳述する。
潤滑油基油は、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、原油を常圧蒸留および/または減圧蒸留して得られた潤滑油留分を、溶剤脱れき、溶剤抽出、水素化分解、溶剤脱ろう、接触脱ろう、水素化精製、硫酸洗浄、白土処理等の精製処理から選ばれる1種または2種以上の組み合わせにより精製したパラフィン系基油、およびノルマルパラフィン系基油、イソパラフィン系基油、ならびにこれらの混合物等が挙げられる。
(1)パラフィン系原油および/または混合系原油の常圧蒸留による留出油
(2)パラフィン系原油および/または混合系原油の常圧蒸留残渣油の減圧蒸留による留出油(WVGO)
(3)潤滑油脱ろう工程により得られるワックス(スラックワックス等)および/またはガストゥリキッド(GTL)プロセス等により得られる合成ワックス(フィッシャートロプシュワックス、GTLワックス等)
(4)基油(1)~(3)から選ばれる1種または2種以上の混合油および/または当該混合油のマイルドハイドロクラッキング処理油
(5)基油(1)~(4)から選ばれる2種以上の混合油
(6)基油(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)または(5)の脱れき油(DAO)
(7)基油(6)のマイルドハイドロクラッキング処理油(MHC)
(8)基油(1)~(7)から選ばれる2種以上の混合油。
(9)上記基油(1)~(8)から選ばれる基油または当該基油から回収された潤滑油留分を水素化分解し、その生成物またはその生成物から蒸留等により回収される潤滑油留分について溶剤脱ろうや接触脱ろうなどの脱ろう処理を行い、または当該脱ろう処理をした後に蒸留することによって得られる水素化分解基油
(10)上記基油(1)~(8)から選ばれる基油または当該基油から回収された潤滑油留分を水素化異性化し、その生成物またはその生成物から蒸留等により回収される潤滑油留分について溶剤脱ろうや接触脱ろうなどの脱ろう処理を行い、または、当該脱ろう処理をしたあとに蒸留することによって得られる水素化異性化基油。脱ろう工程としては接触脱ろう工程を経て製造された基油が好ましい。
[試験条件]
試験装置:日本電子製 JMS-MS700V
試料導入法:ガラスリザーバー
分解能:500
試験法:ASTM D2786-91準拠
ただし、ASTM D2786-91 8章に替えて、以下の条件を満たすようにキャリブレーションを行い、測定条件を決定する。
Σ67/Σ71=0.20~0.22
Σ69/Σ71=0.14~0.16
H127/H226=0.80~0.85
(ここで、Σ67、Σ69、Σ71はそれぞれASTM D2786に記載の定義に基づき、H127およびH226はm/z=127および226におけるそれぞれのピーク強度を意味する)
またイオン源への導入量は、n-ヘキサデカンの検出ピークのうち最も強度の大きいm/z=57のピークが飽和しない程度に設定する。
アルカリ土類金属系清浄剤としては、例えば、フェネート系清浄剤、スルホネート系清浄剤、サリシレート系清浄剤を挙げることができる。また、これらの清浄剤は単独でまたは2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。なお本明細書において、「アルカリ土類金属」にはマグネシウムも包含されるものとする。
トリアゾール系化合物は、下記一般式(1)または(2)で表される。
R2およびR3は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子または炭素数1以上18以下の直鎖状または分岐状の炭化水素であり、好ましくは水素原子または炭素数1以上12以下の直鎖状または分岐状の炭化水素である。R2とR3の炭素数の合計は0以上36以下であり、好ましくは0以上24であり、より好ましくは8以上24以下である。
R5およびR6は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子または炭素数1以上18以下の直鎖状または分岐状の炭化水素であり、好ましくは水素原子または炭素数1以上12以下の直鎖状または分岐状の炭化水素である。R5とR6の炭素数の合計は0以上36以下であり、好ましくは0以上24であり、より好ましくは8以上24以下である。
硫黄含有化合物は、潤滑油組成物の硫黄量を調節するために添加され、硫黄含有ヘテロ環エーテル化合物およびスルフィド化合物から選択される少なくとも1種が用いられる。硫黄含有化合物1種単独で用いてもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。
R27-S-R28 (15)
上記一般式(15)において、R27およびR28は、それぞれ独立に、置換もしくは非置換の炭素原子数2~20の炭化水素基であって、R27およびR28の少なくとも1つが、置換基としてヒドロキシ基および/またはカルボキシ基を有する。電気絶縁性、耐焼付き性、および耐摩耗性をバランスよく備える観点から、R27およびR28の一方が、置換基としてヒドロキシ基を有し、他方が非置換の炭化水素基を有することが好ましい。
無灰分散剤(以下、「(E)成分」ということがある。)は、特に限定されず、例えば、以下の(E-1)~(E-3)から選ばれる1種以上の化合物を用いることができる。
(E-1)アルキル基もしくはアルケニル基を分子中に少なくとも1個有するコハク酸イミドまたはその誘導体(以下において「成分(E-1)」ということがある。)、
(E-2)アルキル基もしくはアルケニル基を分子中に少なくとも1個有するベンジルアミンまたはその誘導体(以下において「成分(E-2)」ということがある。)、
(E-3)アルキル基もしくはアルケニル基を分子中に少なくとも1個有するポリアミンまたはその誘導体(以下において「成分(E-3)」ということがある。)。
成分(E-1)のうち、アルキル基もしくはアルケニル基を分子中に少なくとも1個有するコハク酸イミドとしては、下記一般式(7)または一般式(8)で表される化合物を例示できる。
リン系化合物は、潤滑油用の摩耗防止剤として通常用いられているリン系化合物を用いることができる。具体的には、亜リン酸エステル類、チオ亜リン酸エステル類、ジチオ亜リン酸エステル類、トリチオ亜リン酸エステル類、リン酸エステル類、チオリン酸エステル類、ジチオリン酸エステル類、トリチオリン酸エステル類、これらのアミン塩、これらの金属塩、これらの誘導体等が挙げられる。
酸化防止剤は、特に限定されず、潤滑油用の酸化防止剤として通常用いられている化合物を用いることができる。酸化防止剤としては、例えば、アミン系酸化防止剤、フェノール系酸化防止剤が挙げらる。アミン系酸化防止剤としては、例えば、アルキル化ジフェニルアミン、アルキル化フェニル-α-ナフチルアミン、フェニル-α-ナフチルアミン、フェニル-β-ナフチルアミン等の公知のアミン系酸化防止剤を用いることができる。フェノール系酸化防止剤としては例えば、2,6-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-メチルフェノール(DBPC)、4,4'-メチレンビス(2,6-ジ-tert-ブチルフェノール)等の公知のフェノール系酸化防止剤を用いることができる。
潤滑油組成物は、上記の(A)~(G)成分以外にも、潤滑油組成物に通常使用される、増粘剤、防錆剤、流動点降下剤、抗乳化剤、金属不活性化剤、消泡剤等の他の成分をさらに含んでもよい。
潤滑油組成物の100℃における動粘度は、好ましくは1.8mm2/s以上10.0mm2/s以下であり、より好ましくは2.3mm2/s以上9.0mm2/s以下であり、さらに好ましくは3.0mm2/s以上8.0mm2/s以下であり、さらにより好ましくは4.1mm2/s以上7.0mm2/s以下である。潤滑油組成物の100℃における動粘度が上記数値範囲内であれば、低温粘度特性が良好となり、十分な省燃費性が得られ、また、潤滑箇所での油膜形成が良好に行われて潤滑性に優れる。
本発明は、上記の潤滑油組成物を用いて、ハイブリッド自動車または電気自動車のパワートレインを潤滑する方法にも関する。本発明においては、電気絶縁性、耐焼付き性、および耐摩耗性が良好な潤滑油組成物を用いることで、使用中のパワートレインの性能を向上させることができる。
以下に示す潤滑油基油および各種添加剤を用いて、表1、3、5、および7に記載の配合で、本発明の潤滑油組成物(実施例1~31)および比較用の潤滑油組成物(比較例1~10)をそれぞれ調製した。表1、3、5、および7中、「inmass%」は潤滑油基油全量を基準とする質量%を表し、「mass%」は潤滑油組成物全量を基準とする質量%を表し、「massppm」は潤滑油組成物全量を基準とする質量ppmを表す。
・A-1:水素化分解基油(Group II、密度(15℃):0.837、動粘度(40℃):12.7mm2/s、動粘度(100℃):3.1mm2/s、粘度指数:104、流動点:-35℃、硫黄分:1質量ppm未満)
・A-2:水素化分解基油(Group III、密度(15℃):0.834、動粘度(40℃):19.6mm2/s、動粘度(100℃):4.2mm2/s、粘度指数:122、流動点:-15℃、硫黄分:1質量ppm未満)
・A-3:GTLワックス異性化基油(Group III、密度(15℃):0.817、動粘度(40℃):18.2mm2/s、動粘度(100℃):4.1mm2/s、粘度指数:130、流動点:-35℃、硫黄分:1質量ppm未満)
・A-4:ポリαオレフィン基油(Group IV、密度(15℃):0.820、動粘度(40℃):18.4mm2/s、動粘度(100℃):4.1mm2/s、粘度指数:126、流動点:-66℃)
・A-5:モノエステル系基油(オレイン酸2-エチルヘキシル、Group V、密度(15℃):0.871、動粘度(40℃):8.4mm2/s、動粘度(100℃):2.7mm2/s、粘度指数:181、流動点:-35℃)
なお、潤滑油基油の量は、潤滑油組成物の全量を100質量%とし、各添加剤を差し引いた残部である。
[(B)アルカリ土類金属系清浄剤]
・B-1:カルシウムスルホネート(Ca含有量:15.5mass%、S含有量:1.26mass%、全塩基価400mgKOH/g)
・B-2:カルシウムスルホネート(Ca含有量:18.4mass%、S含有量:1.24mass%、全塩基価500mgKOH/g)
・B-3:カルシウムスルホネート(Ca含有量:11.6mass%、S含有量:1.6mass%、全塩基価300mgKOH/g)
・B-4:カルシウムスルホネート(Ca含有量:2.4mass%、S含有量:2.70mass%、全塩基価17mgKOH/g)
・B-5:カルシウムスルホネート(Ca含有量:2.5mass%、S含有量:3.22mass%、全塩基価13mgKOH/g)
・B-6:カルシウムスルホネート(Ca含有量:1.8mass%、S含有量:2.28mass%、全塩基価0mgKOH/g)
・B-7:マグネシウムスルホネート(Mg含有量:9.4mass%、S含有量:2mass%、全塩基価400mgKOH/g)
・B-8:カルシウムサリシレート(Ca含有量:2.3mass%、全塩基価64mgKOH/g)
・B-9:カルシウムフェネート(Ca含有量:5.6mass%、全塩基価154mgKOH/g)
・C-1:N,N-ビス(2-エチルヘキシル)-(4または5)-メチル-1H-ベンゾトリアゾール-1-メチルアミン(一般式(1)中、R1はメチル基、R2は2-エチルヘキシル基、R3は2-エチルヘキシル基)
・C-2:1-[N,N-ビス(2-エチルヘキシル)アミノメチル]-ベンゾトリアゾール(一般式(1)中、R1は水素原子、R2は2-エチルヘキシル基、R3は2-エチルヘキシル基)
・C-3:1-[(2-エチルヘキシル)アミノメチル]-ベンゾトリアゾール(一般式(1)中、R1は水素原子、R2は水素原子、R3は2-エチルヘキシル基)
・C-4:N,N-ビス(2-エチルヘキシル)-[(1,2,4-トリアゾール-1-イル)メチル]アミン(一般式(2)中、R4は水素原子、R5は2-エチルヘキシル基、R6は2-エチルヘキシル基)
・C-5:トリルトリアゾール(CAS番号29385-43-1)
・C-6:1,2,3-ベンゾトリアゾール
・D-1:ポリイソブチレンスルホランエーテル(S含有量:11.5mass%)
・D-2:3-(ドデシルチオ)プロパノール
・D-3:3-(ドデシルチオ)プロピオン酸
・E-1:ホウ素化コハク酸イミド無灰分散剤(Mw:4200)
・E-2:非ホウ素化コハク酸イミド無灰分散剤(Mw:4500)
・F-1:ジブチルホスファイト(P含有量:15.9%)
・F-2:ZnDTP(一般式(14)で表される化合物の混合物、Zn含有量:10.6%、S含有量:20%、P含有量:9.5%、炭素数4の第1級アルキル基:炭素数5の第1級アルキル基=80:20)
・G-1:アミン系酸化防止剤
・G-2:フェノール系酸化防止剤
・H-1:増粘剤(エチレン-α-オレフィン共重合体、Mw:13000)
・H-2:消泡剤(ポリジメチルシリコーン)
実施例1~31および比較例1~10の各潤滑油組成物について、下記の通り、各種物性を測定した。潤滑油組成物の測定結果を表2、4、6、および8に示す。
・動粘度(40℃、100℃):JIS K 2283-2010に準拠して測定した。
・粘度指数:JIS K 2283-2010に準拠して測定した。
・油中の元素分(Ca、Mg、P、B、S、Zn)の含有量:JPI-5S-38-2003(強度比法)に準拠して測定した。
実施例1~31および比較例1~10の各潤滑油組成物について、下記の性能評価を行った。評価結果を表9~12に示した。
(比誘電率の測定)
潤滑油組成物について、JIS C2101に準拠し、25℃で比誘電率の測定を行った。比誘電率が低いほど、電気絶縁性が良好であることを示す。
(高速四球試験1)
潤滑油組成物について、ASTM D2783に準拠した高速四球試験を行って、回転数1500rpmで最終非焼き付き荷重(LNSL)(N)を測定した。LNSLが高いほど、耐焼付き性が良好であることを示す。
(高速四球試験2)
潤滑油組成物について、ASTM D 4172に準拠した高速四球試験を行って、回転数1500rpm、荷重392Nで1時間運転した後の摩耗こん径(mm)を測定した。摩耗こん径が小さいほど、耐摩耗性が良好であることを示す。
一方で、(B)アルカリ土類金属系清浄剤を用いていない比較例1の潤滑油組成物は、耐焼付き性および耐摩耗性において劣った結果を示した。
(C)一般式(1)または(2)で表されるトリアゾール系化合物を用いていない比較例2~4の潤滑油組成物は、耐摩耗性において劣った結果を示した。
(D)硫黄含有化合物を用いていない比較例5の潤滑油組成物は、耐焼付き性および耐摩耗性において劣った結果を示した。
(B)アルカリ土類金属系清浄剤が過剰である比較例6の潤滑油組成物は、電気絶縁性において劣った結果を示した。
(C)一般式(1)または(2)で表されるトリアゾール系化合物の含有量が過剰である比較例7の潤滑油組成物は、電気絶縁性および耐焼付き性において劣った結果を示した。
(D)硫黄含有ヘテロ環エーテル化合物量(硫黄量)が過剰である比較例8およびスルフィド化合物量(硫黄量)が過剰である比較例10の潤滑油組成物は、電気絶縁性において劣った結果を示した。
(E)無灰分散剤の含有量が過剰である比較例9の潤滑油組成物は、電気絶縁性において劣った結果を示した。
Claims (18)
- (A)潤滑油基油と、
(B)アルカリ土類金属系清浄剤を、潤滑油組成物全量基準でアルカリ土類金属量として10質量ppm以上1000質量ppm以下と、
(C)下記一般式(1)または(2)で表されるトリアゾール系化合物を潤滑油組成物全量基準で0.005質量%以上0.90質量%以下と、
(D)硫黄含有ヘテロ環エーテル化合物およびスルフィド化合物から選択される少なくとも1種の硫黄含有化合物を、潤滑油組成物全量基準で硫黄量として10質量ppm以上2000質量ppm以下と、
(E)無灰分散剤を、潤滑油組成物全量基準で0.010質量%以上4.0質量%以下と、
を含んでなる、潤滑油組成物。 - 前記(B)アルカリ土類金属系清浄剤の含有量が、潤滑油組成物全量基準でアルカリ土類金属量として80質量ppm以上300質量ppm以下である、請求項1に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 前記(B)アルカリ土類金属系清浄剤が、アルカリ土類金属スルホネートである、請求項1または2に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 前記(B)アルカリ土類金属系清浄剤の全塩基価が、100mgKOH/g以上500mgKOH/g以下である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 前記(C)トリアゾール系化合物の含有量が、潤滑油組成物全量基準で0.03質量%以上0.20質量%以下である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 前記(D)硫黄含有化合物の含有量が、潤滑油組成物全量基準で硫黄量として300質量ppm以上2000質量ppm以下である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 前記(D)硫黄含有ヘテロ環エーテル化合物がスルホラン系化合物である、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 前記(D)スルフィド化合物が下記一般式(15)で表される、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
R27-S-R28 (15)
(式中、R27およびR28は、それぞれ独立に、置換もしくは非置換の炭素原子数2~20の炭化水素基であって、R27およびR28の少なくとも1つが、置換基としてヒドロキシ基および/またはカルボキシ基を有する。) - 前記(E)無灰分散剤の含有量が、潤滑油組成物全量基準で0.30質量%以上2.5質量%以下である、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 前記(E)無灰分散剤が、アルケニルコハク酸イミドまたはその誘導体である、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 前記(E)無灰分散剤が、アルケニルコハク酸イミドのホウ酸変性化合物を含有する、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 前記(A)潤滑油基油にエステル系基油が含有されている場合、該エステル系基油の含有量が、前記(A)潤滑油基油全量基準で10質量%以下である、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- (F)リン系化合物を潤滑油組成物全量基準でリン元素量として100~1500質量ppmさらに含む、請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 前記(F)リン系化合物が亜リン酸エステルである、請求項13に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 前記(F)リン系化合物がジアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛である、請求項13に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- ハイブリッド自動車または電気自動車のパワートレインに用いられる、請求項1~15のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 前記パワートレインのモーター冷却油または減速機油として用いられる、請求項16に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 請求項1~15のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物を用いて、ハイブリッド自動車または電気自動車のパワートレインを潤滑する方法。
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