JP7378424B2 - 分離マトリクス及び分離方法 - Google Patents
分離マトリクス及び分離方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7378424B2 JP7378424B2 JP2020559430A JP2020559430A JP7378424B2 JP 7378424 B2 JP7378424 B2 JP 7378424B2 JP 2020559430 A JP2020559430 A JP 2020559430A JP 2020559430 A JP2020559430 A JP 2020559430A JP 7378424 B2 JP7378424 B2 JP 7378424B2
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Description
本願において、「備える」、「含有する」、「有する」等の用語は米国特許法による意味を有するものであって、「含む」等を意味し得る。「から実質的に成る」等の用語は米国特許法による意味を有するものであり、この用語はオープンエンド型のものであり、記載されている基本的特性や新規特性が変更されない限りにおいて記載以外のものの存在を許容するものであるが、従来技術の実施形態は除外される。
特許文献2(その全体が参照として本願に組み込まれる)に主なステップが記載されている油中水(w/o,water in oil)乳液方法によって、埋め込みセルロースを有する多孔質アガロースビーズを調製した。分離マトリクスとして使用されるゲルビーズの既知の調製方法との主な相違点は、以下のステップで概説されるようにゲル化の前にアガロース溶液にセルロース繊維を追加することである。
マイクロフィブリル化セルロースは、ホモジナイザーを通すことによってフィブリルとマイクロフィブリルを形成するように繊維が解かれている天然セルロースである。ホモジナイザーが、平均繊維長をマイクロメートルスケールに減少させ、平均繊維直径をサブマイクロメートルスケールに減少させる。このようなセルロースフィブリルは、特許文献7(その全体が参照として本願に組み込まれる)に記載のように、分岐と「ブラシ状」構造を示す。マイクロフィブリル化セルロースは、市販品として入手可能であり、例えば、Borregaard社製のExilva Forteセルロース懸濁液(乾燥含有量1.7%)が挙げられ、これを本願の実施例では用いた。
アガロースを水中に分散させた。アガロース分散水をその融点(略85℃)以上に加熱し、加熱された懸濁水としてセルロースを加えて、電動式プロペラブレード攪拌機を用いてアガロース中に分散させた。表2に示されるように、アガロースとセルロースを色々な比と色々な総濃度で加えて混合した。一部の実験では、アリル化アガロースを用いた(下記参照)。
次いで、アガロース及びセルロースを含有する溶液を加える前に、トルエン及び溶解した乳化剤(Ashland社製のAqualon(登録商標)エチルセルロース、N50)を60℃に加熱した。
水小滴を形成し、タービン攪拌機によって油相内に分散させ、乳液中のその粒子サイズを攪拌速度によって制御し、高速において小さな粒子を形成した。
粒子が所望のサイズ、例えば直径100μmに達すると、乳液を室温に冷却した。
ゲル粒子をまずエタノールで洗浄し、次いで水で洗浄した。粒子のサイズ分布を狭めるため、50~166μmの間で湿式篩分けした。
特許文献2に記載の方法に従って、アリル化サンプルと非アリル化サンプルの両方を調製した。概説すると、アリルグリシジルエーテルと水酸化ナトリウムをアリル化ステップに用い、中性pHにするために酢酸を用いて反応を止めた。エピクロルヒドリンを用いて非アリル化サンプルを50℃で架橋し、アリル化サンプルについては、臭素を用いて二回目の架橋ステップを行った。
テクスチャーアナライザー(Brookfield社のCT3)を用いて、ゲルの圧縮抵抗を測定した。空隙体積の水を除去した後に、ガラスフィルタの底を有し直径12.9mmで長さ28.5mmのシリンダ状キャビティ内に3.7mLのゲルシリンダを調製した。直径12mmのシリンダ状ピストンをゲル表面に対して低くして、0.1mm/sの速度でキャビティ内に入れて、3000g~4000gの負荷に到達するまで分析を行った。圧入中にゲルからピストンに採用する力として、ゲル内へのピストンの侵入深さを同時に測定した。
Eclipse E600(ニコン社製)顕微鏡を用いて、ゲルビーズの透過光像を撮った。
サイズ排除クロマトグラフィを用いて、色々なビーズの多孔性とサイズ排除選択性を測定した。多孔性は、KAV値とKD値(所与の分子種の拡散に利用可能な固定相の割合)として表され得て、例えば、非特許文献1に記載の方法に従い逆サイズ排除クロマトグラフィによって測定される。KAVは、(Ve-V0)/(Vt-V0)比として決定され、ここで、Veはプローブの溶出体積であり、V0はカラムの空隙体積(例えば、天然デキストラン等の高Mw空隙マーカーの溶出体積)であり、Vtはカラムの総体積である。KDは(Ve-V0)/Viとして決定可能であり、ここで、Viは、マトリクス体積(マトリクスポリマー分子が占める体積)を除く全ての体積にアクセス可能である塩(例えば、NaCl)の溶出体積である。KDとKAVの値はどちらも常に0~1の範囲内にある。異なる分離マトリクスは、所与の検体分子に対して異なるKDとKAVの値を示す。AKTA(登録商標)Explorer FPLC(高速タンパク質液体クロマトグラフィ,Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography)機器(GEヘルスケアバイオサイエンシズ社)をKD測定に用いた。オートサンプラと内径1cmのカラム(GEヘルスケアバイオサイエンシズ社製のHR1030)を用いた。UNICORN(登録商標)5.31(GEヘルスケアバイオサイエンシズ社)ソフトウェアを用いて、クロマトグラムを評価した。実験用の検体は、空隙体積マーカー(細孔から出て行くのみ)としての天然デキストラン、Vt(総液体体積)マーカーとしての塩化ナトリウムであった。また、表1に示されるように、四種の異なる分子量のデキストランを用いた。
Claims (8)
- アガロース又は寒天のゲルビーズを備える分離マトリクスであって、前記アガロース又は寒天のゲルビーズが埋め込み繊維を備え、前記埋め込み繊維が、マイクロフィブリル化セルロースを備える、分離マトリクス。
- 前記埋め込み繊維が、前記アガロース又は寒天のゲルビーズ内に分散している、及び/又は、前記アガロース又は寒天に化学的に架橋している、請求項1に記載の分離マトリクス。
- 前記埋め込み繊維が分岐している、請求項1又は2に記載の分離マトリクス。
- 分離マトリクスを調製する方法であって、
アガロース又は寒天の水溶液を繊維と混合するステップaと、
前記水溶液からゲルビーズを形成するステップbと、を備え、
前記繊維が、マイクロフィブリル化セルロースを備える、方法。 - 前記ステップbの後に、前記ゲルビーズのアガロース又は寒天を架橋させ、任意で前記繊維と架橋させるステップcを更に備える請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記ゲルビーズの反応性ヒドロキシル基にクロマトグラフィ配位子を取り付けるステップを更に備える請求項4又は5に記載の方法。
- 前記繊維を有する前記アガロース又は寒天の水溶液が油相で乳化され、ゲル化を誘発するように温度を下げることによって前記ゲルビーズが形成される、請求項4から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 任意でクロマトグラフィカラムに充填されて、目標化合物を精製、分離、又は除去するための請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の分離マトリクスの使用。
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