JP7275358B2 - 高い生産性でのプレス硬化部品の製造方法 - Google Patents
高い生産性でのプレス硬化部品の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7275358B2 JP7275358B2 JP2022083578A JP2022083578A JP7275358B2 JP 7275358 B2 JP7275358 B2 JP 7275358B2 JP 2022083578 A JP2022083578 A JP 2022083578A JP 2022083578 A JP2022083578 A JP 2022083578A JP 7275358 B2 JP7275358 B2 JP 7275358B2
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Description
- 上記の第1の熱処理により作製したコートの幾分かの多孔性のため、プレス硬化部品の水素含有率は高い可能性がある。プレス硬化部品に加わる機械的応力も高い、すなわち降伏応力が1000MPaを超える場合があるので、応力、拡散性水素及び微細組織の組合せによって誘起される遅れ破壊のリスクも高くなる。このため、平均拡散性水素がプレス硬化部品において0.40ppm未満、好ましくは0.30ppm未満、非常に好ましくは0.25ppm未満である方法を有することが望ましい。
- 第2の加熱工程(すなわち、ホットプレス形成工程の直前の工程)中の水素吸入も重要である。これは、ブランクの表面では、炉の雰囲気から水蒸気が吸着されるために起こり得る。このような水素吸入を避けるためには、不活性ガスの使用又は第2の工程の加熱炉内の露点の厳格な制御などの費用のかかる解決策が求められる。第2の加熱工程中の平均水素吸入量ΔHdiffが0.10ppm未満である方法を有することが望ましい。
- プレス硬化部品は抵抗スポット溶接で接合できなければならない。これは、特に、溶接強度範囲によって定義される溶接強度のドメインが、十分に広く、例えば少なくとも1kA幅でなければならないことを意味する。文献WO2009090443号に開示されているように、プレス硬化後のコートに4層を含むコート構造により、このような溶接性範囲を得ることが可能になる。したがって、スポット溶接機の設定パラメータを修正する必要がないように、文献WO2009090443号に記載されているものと同様の層状コート構造を有するプレス硬化部品を製造できるような方法を有することが望ましい。
- 不完全な合金化鋼板を製造するための上記のバッチ焼鈍処理は長く、かつ費用がかかるので、より生産性の高い方法が望ましい。
- 第2の加熱工程がコート中に液相の形成を引き起こさない。ブランク又は板は一般にセラミック製のローラ上で炉内加熱されるので、液体が存在せず、液体によるローラの汚染、及びローラの定期的な点検又は交換の必要性を回避することができるであろう。
- 第2の加熱工程は、増加した加熱速度で、すなわちオーステナイト化温度及び均熱まで、短縮した総持続時間で行うことができる。20~700°(ΔT20-700°)の間に経過した時間の量で定義される加熱持続時間は、ブランク又は板の厚さthと共に増加する。ブランク又は板を((26.22×th)-0.5)(thはmmで表される)未満の秒で表した期間加熱することが望ましい。したがって、加熱サイクルは非常に生産性が高く、製造時間の短縮をもたらすであろう。
- アルミニウム又はアルミニウムベースの合金(アルミニウムベースの合金とはアルミニウムが重量パーセントでの主元素である合金を指す)又はアルミニウム合金(アルミニウム合金とはアルミニウムが重量で50%を超える合金を指す)のプレコートで覆われた熱処理可能な鋼基材から構成されたプレス加工されていないプレコート鋼コイル、板又はブランクを提供する工程であって、該プレコートが、追加の熱処理を伴わない溶融アルミニウムめっき法から直接生じ、該プレコートの厚さが鋼コイル、板又はブランクの各面で10~35マイクロメートルの間に含まれる、工程、次いで、
- 少なくとも5%の酸素を含む雰囲気下で、750~1000℃の間に含まれる温度θ1まで、t1min~t1maxの間に含まれる持続時間t1の間、該プレス加工されていない鋼コイル、板又はブランクを、炉内で加熱する工程であって、
t1min=23500/(θ1-729.5)及び
t1max=4.946×1041×θ1 -13.08、
t1は、該炉内での総持続時間を表し、
θ1は℃で表され、t1min及びt1maxは秒で表される、工程、次いで
- 該プレス加工されていない鋼コイル、板又はブランクを冷却速度Vr1で温度θiまで冷却する工程、次いで
- 0.35ppm未満の拡散性水素含有率が得られるように、100~500℃の間に含まれる温度θ2で、3~45分の間に含まれる持続時間t2の間、該プレス加工されていない鋼コイル、板、又はブランクを維持する工程
を含む、プレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼コイル、板又はブランクを製造するための方法に関する。
- 上記の実施形態のいずれか1つに従うか、又は上記の実施形態のいずれか1つに従い製造された、プレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼コイル、板又はブランクを提供し、次いで、
- 該プレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼板、コイル又はブランクがコイル又は板の形態であるならば、該コイル又は板を切断してプレアロイ鋼ブランクを得、次いで、
- 該プレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼ブランクを、秒で表される20~700℃の間の加熱持続時間ΔT20-700°が((26.22×th)-0.5)未満になるように温度θ3まで加熱し、thはミリメートルで表される該プレアロイ鋼ブランクの厚さであり、並びに、該プレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼ブランクを持続時間t3の間、温度θ3に維持して、該鋼基材中に部分的又は完全オーステナイト組織を得、次いで、
- 該加熱したブランクをプレスに移送し、次いで、
- 該加熱したブランクをホットプレス成形して部品を得、次いで、
- 該鋼基材中に少なくともマルテンサイト及び/又はベイナイトを含む微細組織を得、かつプレス硬化被覆部品を得るように、該部品をプレスツーリング内に維持しながら、該部品を冷却する。
t1min=23500/(θ1-729.5)(式[1])
t1max=4.946×1041×θ1 -13.08(式[2])
ここで、θ1は℃で表され、t1min及びt1maxは秒で表される。
- 相互拡散層
- 中間層
- 金属間化合物層
- 表層
Claims (18)
- プレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼コイル、板又はブランクを製造するための方法であって、以下の連続した工程、すなわち
- アルミニウム又はアルミニウムベースの合金又はアルミニウム合金のプレコートで覆われた熱処理可能な鋼基材から構成されたプレス加工されていないプレコート鋼コイル、板又はブランクを提供する工程であって、アルミニウムベースの合金とはアルミニウムが重量パーセントでの主元素である合金を指し、アルミニウム合金とはアルミニウムが重量で50%を超える合金を指すものであり、該プレコートが、追加の熱処理を伴わない溶融アルミニウムめっき法から直接生じ、該プレコートの厚さが鋼コイル、板又はブランクの各面上で10~35マイクロメートルの間に含まれる、工程、次いで、
- 少なくとも5%の酸素を含む雰囲気下で、750~1000℃の間に含まれる温度θ1まで、t1min~t1maxの間に含まれる持続時間t1の間、該プレス加工されていない鋼コイル、板又はブランクを、炉内で加熱する工程であって、
t1min=23500/(θ1-729.5)及び
t1max=4.946×1041×θ1 -13.08、
t1は、該炉内での総持続時間を表し、
θ1は℃で表され、t1min及びt1maxは秒で表される、工程、次いで
- 該プレス加工されていない鋼コイル、板又はブランクを冷却速度Vr1で温度θiまで冷却する工程、次いで
- 0.35ppm未満の拡散性水素含有率が得られるように、100~500℃の間に含まれる温度θ2で、3~45分の間に含まれる持続時間t2の間、該プレス加工されていない鋼コイル、板、又はブランクを維持する工程
を含み、前記熱処理可能な鋼基材の化学組成は、重量%で表して、0.20%≦C≦0.25%、1.1%≦Mn≦1.4%、0.15%≦Si≦0.35%、Cr≦0.30%、0.020%≦Ti≦0.060%、0.020%≦Al≦0.060%、S≦0.005%、P≦0.025%、0.002%≦B≦0.004%、残りは鉄及び精錬に起因する避けられない不純物である、方法。 - 前記プレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼コイル、板又はブランクが、2~16マイクロメートルの間に含まれる厚さを有する相互拡散層を、該鋼基材と該コートとの間に含み、該相互拡散層が固溶体中にAl及びSiを有するα(Fe)フェライト組織を有する層である、請求項1に記載のプレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼コイル、板又はブランクを製造するための方法。
- 前記プレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼コイル、板又はブランクが、0.10μmを超える厚さを有するアルミナ含有酸化物層を頂部に含む、請求項1又は2に記載のプレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼コイル、板又はブランクを製造するための方法。
- 前記冷却Vr1の後かつその後の加熱の前に、該鋼基材中のベイナイト及びマルテンサイトの面積分率の合計が、30%未満となるように、前記冷却速度Vr1が選択される、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のプレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼コイル、板又はブランクを製造するための方法。
- 前記冷却Vr1の後かつその後の加熱の前に、該鋼基材中にフェライト-パーライト組織を得るように前記冷却速度Vr1が選択される、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のプレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼コイル、板又はブランクを製造するための方法。
- 前記温度θ2が100℃以上300℃未満である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のプレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼コイル、板又はブランクを製造するための方法。
- 前記温度θ2が300℃以上400℃以下である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のプレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼コイル、板又はブランクを製造するための方法。
- 前記温度θ2が400℃より高く500℃以下である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のプレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼コイル、板又はブランクを製造するための方法。
- 前記持続時間t2が4~15分の間に含まれる、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載のプレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼コイル、板又はブランクを製造するための方法。
- 前記温度θiが室温と等しく、かつ、室温まで冷却された後に、該プレス加工されていないコイル、板又はブランクが、前記温度θ2まで加熱される、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載のプレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼コイル、板又はブランクを製造するための方法。
- 前記温度θiが前記温度θ2と等しい、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載のプレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼コイル、板又はブランクを製造するための方法。
- 該プレス加工されていないコイル、鋼板又はブランクを、持続時間t2の間100~500℃の間に含まれる温度θ2に維持した直後、該鋼コイル、板又はブランクを室温まで冷却することをさらに含む、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載のプレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼コイル、板又はブランクを製造するための方法。
- プレス硬化被覆鋼部品を製造するための方法であって、
- 請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の方法により製造されたプレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼コイル、板又はブランクを提供し、次いで、
- 前記プレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼コイル、板又はブランクが、コイル又は板の形であるときは、該コイル又は板を切断して、プレアロイ鋼ブランクを得、次いで、
- 該プレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼ブランクを、秒で表される20~700℃の間の加熱持続時間ΔT20-700°が((26.22×th)-0.5)未満になるように温度θ3まで加熱し、thはミリメートルで表される該プレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼ブランクの厚さであり、並びに、該プレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼ブランクを持続時間t3の間、前記温度θ3に維持して、該鋼基材中に部分的又は完全なオーステナイト組織を得、次いで、
- 該加熱したブランクをプレスに移送し、次いで、
- 該加熱したブランクをホットプレス成形して部品を得、次いで、
- 該鋼基材中に少なくともマルテンサイト及び/又はベイナイトを含む微細組織を得、かつプレス硬化被覆部品を得るように、該部品をプレスツーリング内に維持しながら、該部品を冷却する
方法。 - 請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の方法により製造されたプレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼ブランクが提供され、前記プレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼ブランクは、前記温度θ2に維持してから前記温度θ3に加熱するまでの間に室温まで冷却されない、請求項13に記載のプレス硬化被覆鋼部品を製造する方法。
- 前記プレス硬化被覆部品中の拡散性水素の含有率と、前記プレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼ブランク中の拡散性水素の含有率との差ΔHdiffが0.10ppm未満である、請求項13又は14に記載のプレス硬化被覆部品を製造する方法。
- 前記プレス加工されていないプレアロイ鋼ブランクの温度θ3までの加熱が、誘導加熱、抵抗加熱又は伝導加熱の中から選択される方法によって行われる、請求項13~15のいずれか一項に記載のプレス硬化被覆部品を製造する方法。
- 該プレス硬化被覆部品の該鋼基材の微細組織が80%を超えるマルテンサイトを含む、請求項13~16のいずれか一項に記載のプレス硬化被覆部品を製造する方法。
- プレス硬化被覆部品が1000MPaよりも高い降伏応力を有する、請求項13~17のいずれか一項に記載のプレス硬化被覆部品を製造する方法。
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