JP7265481B2 - 非水電解液用添加剤、非水電解液及び蓄電デバイス - Google Patents
非水電解液用添加剤、非水電解液及び蓄電デバイス Download PDFInfo
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- JP7265481B2 JP7265481B2 JP2019550427A JP2019550427A JP7265481B2 JP 7265481 B2 JP7265481 B2 JP 7265481B2 JP 2019550427 A JP2019550427 A JP 2019550427A JP 2019550427 A JP2019550427 A JP 2019550427A JP 7265481 B2 JP7265481 B2 JP 7265481B2
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- GNQXFBVORSFUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium thiophene-3-sulfonate Chemical compound S1C=C(C=C1)S(=O)(=O)[O-].[Li+] GNQXFBVORSFUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- PWZQLARUJYSYMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 1,1-dioxothiolane-3-sulfonate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)C1CCS(=O)(=O)C1 PWZQLARUJYSYMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000006606 n-butoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyric acid methyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OC UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003506 n-propoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- RKEWSXXUOLRFBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N pimavanserin Chemical compound C1=CC(OCC(C)C)=CC=C1CNC(=O)N(C1CCN(C)CC1)CC1=CC=C(F)C=C1 RKEWSXXUOLRFBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007151 ring opening polymerisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002088 tosyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005023 xylyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
(合成例1)
3-メタンスルホニルテトラヒドロチオフェン-1,1-ジオキシド(化合物1)の合成
3-エタンスルホニルテトラヒドロチオフェン-1,1-ジオキシド(化合物2)の合成
メチルメルカプタンソーダをエチルメルカプタンソーダ(4.2g、50mmol)に変更したこと以外は合成例1と同様に反応を実施し、化合物2を11.8g取得した。化合物2の収率は、3-スルホレンに対して51%であった。得られた化合物2の分子量が212であることをLC/MSスペクトルによって確認した。
3-tert-ブチルスルホニルテトラヒドロチオフェン-1,1-ジオキシド(化合物3)の合成
3-アセチルテトラヒドロチオフェン-1,1-ジオキシド(化合物4)の合成
3-チオフェンスルホン酸テトラヒドロキシ-1,1-ジオキシド(化合物5)の合成
(実施例1~4、及び比較例1~4)
正極活物質としてLi(Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1)O2及び導電性付与剤としてカーボンブラックを乾式混合した。得られた混合物を、バインダーとしてのポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)が溶解しているN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)中に均一に分散させ、スラリーを作製した。得られたスラリーをアルミ金属箔(角型、厚さ20μm)の両面に塗布した。塗膜からNMPを乾燥により除去した後、全体をプレスして、正極集電体としてのアルミ金属箔と、その両面上に形成された正極活物質層とを有する正極シートを作製した。正極シート中の固形分比率は、質量比で、正極活物質:導電性付与剤:PVDF=92:5:3であった。
負極活物質としてグラファイト粉末と、導電性付与剤としてカーボンブラックとを乾式混合した。得られた混合物、スチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)及びカルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)を水中に均一に分散させ、スラリーを作製した。得られたスラリーを銅箔(角型、厚さ10μm)の片面に塗布した。塗膜から乾燥により水を除去した後、全体をプレスして、負極集電体としての銅箔と、その片面上に形成された負極活物質層とを有する負極シートを得た。負極シートの固形分比率は、質量比で、負極活物質:CMC:SBR=98:1:1であった。
正極活物質としてLi(Ni0.80Co0.15Al0.05)O2及び導電性付与剤としてカーボンブラックとを乾式混合した。得られた混合物を、バインダーとしてのポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)が溶解しているN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)中に均一に分散させ、スラリーを作製した。得られたスラリーをアルミ金属箔(角型、厚さ20μm)の両面に塗布した。塗膜からNMPを乾燥により除去した後、全体をプレスして、正極集電体としてのアルミ金属箔と、その両面上に形成された正極活物質層とを有する正極シートを作製した。正極シート中の固形分比率は、質量比で、正極活物質:導電性付与剤:PVDF=92:5:3であった。
負極活物質としてグラファイト粉末と、導電性付与剤としてカーボンブラックとを乾式混合した。得られた混合物、スチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)及びカルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)を水中に均一に分散させ、スラリーを作製した。得られたスラリーを銅箔(角型、厚さ10μm)の片面に塗布した。塗膜を乾燥にて水を除去した後、全体をプレスして、負極集電体としての銅箔と、その片面上に形成された負極活物質層とを有する負極シートを得た。負極シートの固形分比率は、質量比で、負極活物質:CMC:SBR=98:1:1であった。
各実施例及び比較例で得られた各非水電解液二次電池の初期容量、初期抵抗、放電容量維持率、抵抗増加率、及びガス発生量を以下の手順で測定した。評価結果は、表1及び表2に示す。
3-1.実施例1~4、及び比較例1~4
(初期容量の測定)
各非水電解液二次電池を、25℃において、0.2Cに相当する電流で4.2Vまで充電した後、45℃において、24時間維持した。その後、25℃において、0.2Cに相当する電流で3Vまで放電した。次に、各非水電解液二次電池を0.2Cに相当する電流で4.2Vまで充電し、続いて0.2Cに相当する電流で3Vまで放電する操作を3サイクル繰り返すことにより、非水電解液二次電池をエージングした。エージングの後、1Cでの初期充放電により非水電解液二次電池の放電容量を測定し、測定値を「初期容量」とした。
前記の初期充放電後に、初期容量の50%の容量を充電した非水電解液二次電池について、25℃において交流インピーダンスを測定した。測定値を「初期抵抗(Ω)」とした。
初期充放電後の各非水電解液二次電池について、充電レートを1C、放電レートを1C、充電終止電圧を4.2V、及び、放電終止電圧を3Vとして200サイクルの充放電サイクル試験を行った。その後、1Cで充放電により非水電解液二次電池の放電容量を測定し、測定値を「200サイクル試験後の放電容量」とした。さらに、前記のサイクル試験後に、サイクル後容量の50%容量まで充電した非水電解液二次電池について、25℃の環境下で交流インピーダンスを測定した。測定値を「200サイクル試験後の抵抗(Ω)」とした。表1に、各電池における、放電容量維持率(%)及び抵抗増加比を示す。「放電容量維持率(%)」及び「抵抗増加比」は、下記式により算出した値である。
放電容量維持率(%)=(200サイクル試験後の放電容量/初期容量)×100
抵抗増加比=(200サイクル試験後の抵抗(Ω)/初期抵抗(Ω))
初期抵抗の評価、放電容量維持率及び抵抗増加率の評価に用いた電池とは別に、実施例1~4及び比較例1~4で調整した各非水電解液を含む同様の構成の非水電解液二次電池を準備した。これら電池を、25℃において充電レート0.2Cで4.2Vまで充電し、次いで45℃において24時間維持することにより、エージングした。エージングの後、25℃において、放電レート0.2Cで3Vまで放電した。次に、各非水電解液二次電池を、0.2Cで4.2Vまで充電し、続いて0.2Cで3Vまで放電する操作を3サイクル繰り返す初期充放電により、安定させた。
非水電解液二次電池の初期容量及び初期抵抗を、実施例1~4、及び比較例1~4と同様の方法で測定した。非水電解液二次電池の充放電サイクル試験を、充放電サイクル試験の回数を30サイクルに変更したこと以外は実施例1~4、及び比較例1~4と同様の条件で行い、30サイクル試験後の抵抗(Ω)を測定した。得られた測定値から、下記式により放電容量維持率を算出した。
放電容量維持率(%)=(30サイクル試験後の放電容量/初期容量)×100
Claims (12)
- 非水電解液、並びに、正極板及び負極板を備え、前記正極板と前記負極板が前記非水電解液を介して対向して配置されている、蓄電デバイスであって、
前記非水電解液が、非水溶媒、電解質、及び下記式(1)で表される化合物を含み、
[式(1)中、
Xは、スルホニル基又はカルボニル基を示し、
R 1 はハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数1~4のアルキル基、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数2~4のアルケニル基、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数2~4のアルキニル基、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよいアリール基、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数1~4のアルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数2~4のアルケニルオキシ基、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数2~4のアルキニルオキシ基、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよいアリールオキシ基、ヒドロキシル基、又はリチウムオキシ基を示し、
R 2 は、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数1~3の炭化水素基を示す。]
前記電解質が、リチウム塩を含む電解質であり、
前記正極板が、正極集電体と、前記正極集電体の内面側に設けられた正極活物質層とを有し、
前記正極活物質層が、
Li(Ni x Co y M z )O 2 (x、y及びzは、0.1≦x<1、0.1≦y<1、0.1≦z<1、及びx+y+z=1を満たす数値であり、MはMnである。)、又は、
Li(Ni x Co y Al z )O 2 (x、y及びzは、0.5≦x<1、0.1≦y≦0.4、0.1≦z≦0.2、及びx+y+z=1を満たす数値である。)
を含む、蓄電デバイス。 - リチウムイオン電池である請求項1に記載の蓄電デバイス。
- リチウムイオンキャパシタである請求項1に記載の蓄電デバイス。
- 下記式(1)で表される化合物を含み、リチウムイオン電池又はリチウムイオンキャパシタの非水電解液に用いられる、非水電解液用添加剤。
[式(1)中、
Xは、スルホニル基又はカルボニル基を示し、
Xがスルホニル基であるとき、R1はエチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基、t-ブチル基、トリフルオロメチル基、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数2~4のアルケニル基、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数2~4のアルキニル基、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよいアリール基、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数1~4のアルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数2~4のアルケニルオキシ基、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数2~4のアルキニルオキシ基、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよいアリールオキシ基、ヒドロキシル基、又はリチウムオキシ基を示し、
Xがカルボニル基であるとき、R 1 はハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数1~4のアルキル基、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数2~4のアルケニル基、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数2~4のアルキニル基、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよいアリール基、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数1~4のアルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数2~4のアルケニルオキシ基、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数2~4のアルキニルオキシ基、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよいアリールオキシ基、ヒドロキシル基、又はリチウムオキシ基を示し、
R2は、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数1~3の炭化水素基を示す。] - Xがスルホニル基であるとき、R1がエチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基、t-ブチル基又はトリフルオロメチル基であり、
Xがカルボニル基であるとき、R 1 がハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数1~4のアルキル基である、請求項4又は5に記載の非水電解液用添加剤。 - Xがスルホニル基である、請求項4~6のいずれか一項に記載の非水電解液用添加剤。
- 請求項4~7のいずれか一項に記載の非水電解液用添加剤、非水溶媒、及び電解質を含有する、リチウムイオン電池又はリチウムイオンキャパシタの非水電解液。
- 非水溶媒が環状カーボネート及び鎖状カーボネートを含む、請求項8に記載の非水電解液。
- 電解質が、リチウム塩を含む電解質である、請求項8又は9に記載の非水電解液。
- 請求項8~10のいずれか一項に記載の非水電解液、並びに、正極及び負極を備える、リチウムイオン電池。
- 請求項8~10のいずれか一項に記載の非水電解液、並びに、正極及び負極を備える、リチウムイオンキャパシタ。
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WO2017043576A1 (ja) | 2015-09-09 | 2017-03-16 | 住友精化株式会社 | 非水電解液用添加剤、非水電解液、及び、蓄電デバイス |
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