JP7161998B2 - 保護された癒合領域を備えるインプラント - Google Patents
保護された癒合領域を備えるインプラント Download PDFInfo
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- JP7161998B2 JP7161998B2 JP2019543183A JP2019543183A JP7161998B2 JP 7161998 B2 JP7161998 B2 JP 7161998B2 JP 2019543183 A JP2019543183 A JP 2019543183A JP 2019543183 A JP2019543183 A JP 2019543183A JP 7161998 B2 JP7161998 B2 JP 7161998B2
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- implant
- outer member
- support member
- surface area
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
- A61F2/4455—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages
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- A61F2/447—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages substantially parallelepipedal, e.g. having a rectangular or trapezoidal cross-section
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- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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- A61F2002/30889—Arcuate pegs
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2/30942—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30988—Other joints not covered by any of the groups A61F2/32 - A61F2/4425
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
- A61F2002/4495—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs having a fabric structure, e.g. made from wires or fibres
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
Description
図1および図2は、インプラント100の一実施形態の等角図を示す。具体的には、図1は、インプラント100の上部または上側の等角図であるのに対し、図2は、インプラント100の底部または下側の等角図である。インプラント100は、ケージまたは固定デバイスともいわれることがある。
図3および図4は、明確にするために複数の構造部材104を取り除いた、本体部102単体の模式的な等角図を示す。いくつかの実施形態では、本体部は、異なる方向に向けられる別々のフレーム部を含むことができるであろう。図3~図4に示される実施形態では、本体部102はベースフレーム部200を含み、これは、単に「基部200」ともいう。いくつかの実施形態では、基部200は、インプラント100の長手軸120に整列している最長寸法と、前後軸122に整列している幅方向寸法(たとえば、2番目に長い寸法)とを有する。また、いくつかの実施形態では、基部200は、比較的平らで、インプラント100の横断面に平行であることを特徴としてもよい。いくつかの実施形態では、基部200は、上側側部130と下側側部140との間のほぼ真ん中(たとえば、垂直軸124に対してインプラント100の中央)に位置付けられてもよく、したがって、インプラント100の横断面に一致してもよい。しかし、他の実施形態では、基部200は、上側側部140よりも上側側部130の近くに、またはその逆に、配設することができるであろう。
図3~図4の実施形態では、各セグメントは、中央竜骨部202と交差している。また、中央竜骨部202は、スロット230を、中央竜骨部202によって長手方向に分離される1対のスロットにさらに分割してもよい。しかし、他の実施形態では、スロット230は、中央竜骨部202を通り抜けて延びることができるであろう。
インプラントは、2つ以上の種類の構造部材を含んでもよい。いくつかの実施形態では、インプラントは、1つまたは複数の外方構造部材、または単に「外方部材」を含むことができる。外方部材は、一般に、インプラントの上下側部に沿ってなど、インプラントの外面に完全に露出していてもよい。外方部材は、埋め込み後に椎骨に接触する、骨接触部材として構成されてもよい。しかし、他の実施形態では、1つまたは複数の外方部材のうちのいくつかの部分は、インプラントの外面に沿って別の要素によって隠すかまたは被覆することができるであろう。
以下の説明は、主に構造部材の第1のセット260に関するものであるが、ここで述べる特定の構造部材の同様な性質および原理は、構造部材の残りのセットの1つにも適用してもよいことは認識されよう。
いくつかの実施形態では、インプラントは、1つまたは複数の対称性をもって構成することができる。ある場合には、インプラントは、1つまたは複数の基準面に対して鏡面対称性を有してもよい。他の場合には、インプラントは、1つまたは複数の基準面に対して並進対称性を有してもよい。さらに他の場合には、インプラントは、鏡面対称性および並進対称性の両方を有することができるであろう。
実施形態では、インプラントの外方部材に沿った、また、インプラントに隣接した、骨成長を保護するための手段を含むことができる。いくつかの実施形態では、外方部材は、選択された領域または「保護された癒合領域」における新たな骨成長の保護を助ける幾何学形状で構成することができる。いくつかの実施形態では、外方部材は、骨成長を促進するために一連のそうした保護された癒合領域を提供する、渦巻き形、らせん形または捻れた幾何学形状を有することができる。
外方部材が一般的ならせん形幾何学形状を有してもよいのに対し、支持部材の幾何学形状は、強度および支持を高めるように選択してもよい。いくつかの実施形態では、支持部材は、略管状(中実)形状を有することができ、本体部のある部分から別の部分まで単純な曲線で延びていてもよい。特に、ある場合には、支持部材の湾曲中央部は、局部的な捻れ、巻回またはコイルなく、滑らかに湾曲していてもよい。
異なる実施形態では、支持部材と外方部材との間の装着は、種々の場所で行うことができるであろう。いくつかの実施形態では、支持部材は、外方部材の外面に沿って、遠位表面領域付近に装着することができるであろう。他の実施形態では、支持部材は、外方部材の外面に沿って、近位表面領域付近に装着することができるであろう。
実施形態は、インプラントの1つまたは複数の表面をテクスチャ加工するための手段を含むことができる。このようなテクスチャ加工は、インプラントの表面への骨成長および/または癒合を増大させるか、またはその他の形で促進することができる。いくつかの実施形態では、外方部材は、テクスチャ加工してもよいが、支持部材は、テクスチャ加工しなくてもよい。このことは、最初に支持部材全体に成長させるのではなく、初期の骨成長を外方部材に沿って、特に保護された癒合領域に向けることを助ける。しかし、他の実施形態では、支持部材が表面テクスチャ加工を含むことができるであろう。さらに別の実施形態では、本体部の1つまたは複数の表面が表面テクスチャ加工を含むことができるであろう。図13を参照すると、インプラント700の一実施形態は、外方部材702、ならびにサイドフレーム部704および中央竜骨部706の上下の表面に、テクスチャ加工を含んでもよい。
図14および図15は、インプラント700の前方側部および外側側部(または外側側部)図をそれぞれ提供する。図14~図15で分かるように、インプラント700は、両凸面を備えて構成されてもよい。具体的には、フレーム部704は、凸状の上側測縁750と、同様に凸状の下側測縁752とを有することが分かる。さらに、図15に示される外側端部から見ると、インプラント700は、上側側部と下側側部とに沿ってほぼ凸状形を有する。ある場合には、中央竜骨部706は、同じく凸状の上側縁780と下側縁782とを備えて構成することができる。このように、インプラント700は、長手方向にも側方方向にも凸状であり、これは、椎体終板の幾何学形状に一致することを助ける。上側側部と下側側部とに凸状の外面を有するようにインプラントをこのように構成することは、相対する椎骨板の凹状表面に遠位表面785(すなわち、「平坦化された表面」)が確実に接触することを助ける。しかし、他の実施形態では、インプラントの下側表面および/または上側表面は、脊柱前弯または脊柱後弯等の形状になるように、凹状、平ら、テーパ状/角状にすることができるであろう。
図16~図19は、インプラント800を埋め込むプロセスの種々の模式図を示す。まず、図16~図17を参照すると、埋め込みプロセスは、BGPMともいわれる骨成長促進材料をインプラントに塗布することから始めてもよい。本明細書で用いられる場合、「骨成長促進材料」とは、骨の成長を助ける任意の材料である。骨成長促進材料は、リンカー分子またはバインダの使用により表面に凍結乾燥されるかまたは金属に付着される手段を含んでもよい。骨成長促進材料の例は、BMP-1、BMP-2、BMP-4、BMP-6およびBMP-7等の骨形成タンパク質(BMP)を含む、任意の材料である。これらは、幹細胞を骨形成細胞に変換するホルモンである。別の例には、rhBMP-2、rhBMP-4およびrhBMP-7等のリコンビナントヒトBMP(rhBMP)が挙げられる。さらに別の例には、血小板由来増殖因子(PDGF)、線維芽細胞増殖因子(FGF)、コラーゲン、BMP模倣ペプチド、およびRGDペプチドが挙げられる。一般に、これらの化学物質の組み合わせも使用してもよい。これらの化学物質は、スポンジ、基質またはゲルを使用して塗布することができる。
図26は、インプラント900の代替実施形態の模式的な等角図である。インプラント900は、インプラント100(図1~図2を参照)およびインプラント700(図13を参照)を含む、本明細書で述べた他のインプラントと同様の手段を含む。特に、インプラント900は、本体部902と、複数の構造部材904とを含む。しかし、前の実施形態とは対照的に、本体部902は、インプラント900の正中面にほぼ関連付けられている中央竜骨部を含んでいない。また、図26の実施形態では、構造部材904は、より規則的な構造で配置されていてもよい。具体的には、複数の外方部材910は、共通の方向920に沿って互いに平行に方向付けされている。さらに、複数の支持部材912は、方向920に垂直な共通の方向922に沿って互いに平行に方向付けされている。このように、複数の構造部材904は、より規則的な三次元格子またはケージの構成を形成していることが分かるだろう。
脊椎で使用するためのインプラントは、脊椎への、典型的には2つの椎体間への挿入に適した全体寸法を有する。インプラントの形状および寸法は、インプラントが挿入される部位による。インプラント100、インプラント700およびインプラント800等のインプラントの例示的な高さは、5mm~30mmを含むが、これだけに限定されない。当然、他の実施形態は、前述の範囲の、ほとんどの場合8mm~16mmの範囲の、任意の値の増分高さを有することができるであろう。さらに他の実施形態は、16mmを超える高さを有することができるであろう。さらに他の実施形態は、8mm未満の高さを有することができるであろう。また、インプラントの水平フットプリントを変えることができるであろう。インプラントの任意の実施形態の例示的なフットプリントのサイズは、前後方向で15~20mm、外側-外側方向で40~60mmを含むが、これだけに限定されない。さらに他の実施形態は、任意の他のフットプリントのサイズで構成することができるであろう。
インプラントの種々の構成要素は、特定の用途および/または医師による選択に応じて、金属(たとえば、チタンまたは他の金属)、セラミック、および/またはそれらの組み合わせを含むがこれらに限定されない、人体に埋め込むのに好適な生体適合性材料から製造されてもよい。
Claims (12)
- インプラントであって、
当該インプラントの後方側部を形成する第1の周辺フレーム部分を含む第1の側部と、当該インプラントの前方側部を形成する第2の周辺フレーム部分を含む第2の側部とを有する本体部と、
前記第1の周辺フレーム部分と前記第2の周辺フレーム部分との間を伸びる竜骨部と、
前記本体部の前記竜骨部に対して連続して形成されている第1端部と、前記本体部の前記第2の周辺フレーム部分に対して連続して形成されている第2端部とを備える構造部材と、
前記構造部材に対して連続的に形成された支持部材とを備え、
前記構造部材は、湾曲中央部を有し、
前記構造部材は、前記インプラントの外面に露出されており、
前記湾曲中央部は、一般的ならせん形状を有する巻回セグメントを含み、前記湾曲中央部の前記巻回セグメントは、固定経路の周りに巻かれており、
前記構造部材の幾何学形状は、第1遠位表面領域、近位表面領域および第2遠位表面領域を提供し、前記第1遠位表面領域、前記近位表面領域および前記第2遠位表面領域は、すべて前記インプラントの上側側部または下側側部に外向きに方向付けされ、
前記近位表面領域は保護された癒合領域を提供する、インプラント。 - 前記湾曲中央部は、前記固定経路の周りを1回または複数回巻いている、請求項1に記載のインプラント。
- 前記構造部材は、前記巻回セグメントにおいて部材の直径を有し、前記巻回セグメントは、前記固定経路の周りを巻くことに対応する巻径を有し、前記部材の直径は、前記巻径よりも大きい、請求項2に記載のインプラント。
- 前記インプラントは、前記インプラントの前方側部と後方側部との間に延びている正中面を含み、前記正中面は、前記インプラントを第1外側半体と第2外側半体とに分け、前記構造部材の前記第1端部は、前記正中面で前記本体部の前記竜骨部に対して連続して形成されている、請求項1または請求項2に記載のインプラント。
- 前記インプラントは、前記インプラントを上側半体と下側半体とに分ける横断面を含み、前記構造部材の前記第2端部は、前記横断面で前記本体部に対して連続して形成されている、請求項4に記載のインプラント。
- 前記湾曲中央部の少なくとも1つのセグメントは、らせん形幾何学形状を有する、請求項1に記載のインプラント。
- インプラントであって、
基部と竜骨部とを含み、インプラントの周辺部を形成するフレームを提供する本体部と、
前記竜骨部は、前記基部に対してゼロではない角度で方向付けされており、
細長い幾何学形状を有し、第1外方部材端部および第2外方部材端部を含む外方部材と、
細長い幾何学形状を有し、第1支持部材端部および第2支持部材端部を含む支持部材と、を備え、
前記外方部材は患者の骨に接触するように構成された部材であり、
前記第1外方部材端部は、前記基部に対して連続して形成され、前記第2外方部材端部は、前記竜骨部に対して連続して形成されており、
前記第1支持部材端部は、前記基部に対して連続して形成され、前記第2支持部材端部は、前記基部に対して連続して形成されており、
前記支持部材は、その一部において前記外方部材に対して連続して形成され、
前記外方部材は、湾曲中央部を有し、
前記湾曲中央部は、一般的ならせん形状を有する巻回セグメントを含み、前記湾曲中央部の前記巻回セグメントは、固定経路の周りに巻かれており、
前記外方部材の前記幾何学形状は、第1遠位表面領域、近位表面領域および第2遠位表面領域を提供し、前記第1遠位表面領域、前記近位表面領域および前記第2遠位表面領域は、すべて前記インプラントの上側側部または下側側部に外向きに方向付けされており、
前記近位表面領域は保護された癒合領域を提供する、インプラント。 - 前記支持部材は、前記近位表面領域を含む前記外方部材の部分で、前記外方部材に対して連続して形成されている、請求項7に記載のインプラント。
- 前記支持部材は、アーチ状経路を含む湾曲経路を有する、請求項7に記載のインプラント。
- 前記外方部材は、前記支持部材よりも大きい長さを有する、請求項7に記載のインプラント。
- 前記インプラントは、前記インプラントの前方側部と後方側部との間に延びている正中面を含み、前記正中面は、前記インプラントを第1外側半体と第2外側半体とに分け、前記竜骨部は、前記正中面に整列している、請求項7に記載のインプラント。
- 前記インプラントは、前記インプラントを上側半体と下側半体とに分ける横断面を含み、前記基部は、前記横断面に整列している、請求項7に記載のインプラント。
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