JP7145514B2 - 脂肪化合物を含む増加した疎水性を有するバイオ系高分子電解質複合体組成物 - Google Patents
脂肪化合物を含む増加した疎水性を有するバイオ系高分子電解質複合体組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7145514B2 JP7145514B2 JP2019511437A JP2019511437A JP7145514B2 JP 7145514 B2 JP7145514 B2 JP 7145514B2 JP 2019511437 A JP2019511437 A JP 2019511437A JP 2019511437 A JP2019511437 A JP 2019511437A JP 7145514 B2 JP7145514 B2 JP 7145514B2
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Description
本発明の目的は、上記組成物の欠点及び不利な点を克服し、環境に優しく再生可能で生分解性のバイオ系PEC組成物を提供することである。
本発明の目的は、カチオン性バイオポリマーと、アニオン性バイオポリマーと、酸と、防腐剤と、を含むバイオ系PEC組成物によって達成される。生物由来の表現は、PEC組成物が生物学的起源のものであることを示す。
a)アニオン性ポリマーを水に添加する工程と、
b)工程aで得られた混合物にキトサンを添加する工程と、
c)酸を水と混合し、得られた酸性溶液を工程bで得られた混合物に添加する工程と、
d)工程cで得られた混合物に1種以上の脂肪化合物を添加する工程と、
e)dで得られた混合物に防腐剤を添加する工程と
を含み、ここで、工程a~eで得られた混合物を混合し、場合により均質化する。
a.i.繊維系材料、織物、織布、及び不織布材料の懸濁液への添加、
ii.スプレーコーティング、
iii.ディップコーティング、
iv.ロールコーティング、
v.含浸、
vi.パディング、
vii.スクリーンコーティング、
viii.印刷、
ix.ナイフコーティング、ブレードコーティング、巻線バーコーティング、丸棒コーティング、及びフォームコーティング(例えば、粉砕フォームコーティング)等を含む直接コーティング方法、
x.マイヤーロッドコーティング、直接ロールコーティング、キスコーティング、グラビアコーティング、及びリバースロールコーティングを含む間接コーティング方法、
xi.インクジェット及び/又はスリットダイ/スロットダイ等、
によって、繊維系材料、織物、織布、及び不織布材料をPEC組成物で処理する工程と、
b.処理したセルロース、織物、織布、及び不織布材料を場合により硬化させる工程と、
を含む。
電荷比
電荷密度は、MuetekPCD 02デバイスを使用して測定した。電荷(記号:q、単位:meqv)は式1を用いて計算した。
q[meqv]=C対イオン[eqv/l]・V対イオン[l]・100 (1)
m[gコロイド]=重量%コロイド[gコロイド/g溶液]・g[10mlのg溶液]・0,0
(2)
実験1~12で使用した装置の一覧
・配合物中のpHは、Hamilton Polilyte Lab Temp BNC電極(緩衝液pH4、7、及び10で較正)を用いてVWR製pHenomental pH1000Hで測定した。
・引張試験は、Wintest Analysisソフトウェアと共にTestometric M250-2.5AT(機械容量2.5kN)を使用して実施した。
・実験室規模での配合物の均質化は、IKA T25デジタルUltra-Turraxを用いて行った。
・配合物の粘度は、200、150、100、50、10、及び6rpmでスピンドルLV4を使用してRheocalソフトウェアと共にBrookfield DV-II+Pro LV粘度計で測定した。
・紙及び不織布のコーティングは、Wichelhaus WI-MU505A水平パダーを用いて行った。
・処理した紙及び不織布の乾燥は、Termaks製のオーブン(Wichelhaus Wi-LD3642 Stenter製のステンターフレーム付き)で行った。洗浄後の材料片の乾燥は、クランプで吊り下げたTermaksオーブンで行った。
・洗浄は標準機Electrolux Wascator FOM71 CLSで行った。
・エマルジョンの目視評価は、10倍レンズを備えたNikon Microphot-FXAを用いて行った。
以下に、実験1~12で用いた全ての方法を列挙する。
・方法1:配合物50gを、油の添加後1分間、9000rpmの速度でUltra Turrax T25で均質化する。
実験1では、油又は脂肪酸をそれぞれCMC、キトサン、又はPECの水溶液に添加して、異なるバイオポリマーの乳化特性を調べた。PEC又はポリマーと油との比を表1に記載する。エマルジョンは方法1に従って調製した。
コーティング方法2を使用して、表1の脂肪PEC組成物を100%ビスコース不織布材料に塗布した。疎水性は、処理材料上に水滴を置くことによって試験した。CとPECの両方を有するOAについては、材料は親水性であった。C:SO及びPEC:SOの比1:0.1では、材料は親水性であった。PE:SOの比1:0.5、1:1、及び1:2、並びにC:SOの比1:1では、材料は疎水性を示し、疎水性は5日間の処理の後さらに改善された。成熟疎水性材料に添加した液滴は蒸発するまで表面上に留まり、吸収されなかった。
静的接触角は、PEC:SO1:0.5で処理した100%ビスコース不織布について測定した。配合物を方法1に従って生成し、材料を方法2に従って処理した。処理の6日後に接触角測定を行い、129.5°、126.7°、120.7°、122.9°、127.3°、118.0°、及び124.3°の接触角が示され、平均接触角124.2°が得られた。60秒の期間にわたる同じ材料の動的接触角を表2に示す。
方法12に従って生成したOC-Dを40℃及び50℃で貯蔵した。表面に細い筋状のクリーミング線が観察されたが、撹拌すると、クリーミングは容易に再分散した。
PEC組成物中の油が材料と共有結合しているかどうかを調べるために、方法4に従って100%ビスコースNW片を洗浄して試験した。洗浄は、PEC組成物OC-Dによる処理の3週間後に実施した。疎水性は洗浄による影響を受けなかった。
脂肪PEC組成物OC-Dが、上で試験したようにビスコースだけでなく、異なる種類の繊維に疎水性を転移するかどうかを調べるために、方法2に従ってOC-Dを以下の織物及びNWに塗布して試験を行った。
1.100%麻平織り、203g/m2、織物
2.100%綿サテン、白、145g/m2織物
3.プリント綿、様々な色、織物100%ポリエステル、白、織物
4.100%PLA、白、織物
5.100%ポリエステル、白、不織布
様々な油、脂肪酸、樹脂、及び塩の精査を実施した(図3を参照)。
脂肪化合物RO、CO、ESBO、及びS2を含む4種類の脂肪PEC組成物を、PEC:油の比1:0.5で方法12に従って生成し、次いで3種類の異なる布地で試験した(配合物は処理前に1重量%に希釈し、方法2に従って使用した)。処理材料を方法4に従って洗浄した。方法5に従って決定した疎水性について表6を参照されたい。
脂肪PEC組成物で処理したNW材料の柔軟性を増し、疎水性を維持するために、以下のように追加の水溶性可塑剤を含む4種類の新しい脂肪PEC組成物を作成した。
方法1に従って50gのOC-Bに0.375gのSOを添加した(OC-B_SO_0.375)。
方法1に従って50gのOC-Bに0.75gのSOを添加した(OC-B_SO_0.75)。
方法1に従って50gのOC-Bに0.375gのS2を添加した(OC-B_S2_0.375)。
方法1に従って50gのOC-Bに0.75gのS2を添加した(OC-B_S2_0.75)。
図3によれば、いくつかの脂肪PEC組成物は、疎水性を有する処理済みNWをもたらした。これらは、方法6に従って処理されたNW材料について、方法7及び方法8に従って機械的特性を試験するために選択された。結果は表7に見ることができる。
脂肪PEC組成物の性能安定性を調べるために、熟成した脂肪PEC組成物と新たに調製した脂肪PEC組成物OC-D及びPEC:S2 1:0.5(方法13に従って生成)で処理したNWについて、方法8に従って引張試験を実施した(結果は表8を参照)。
方法12に従って生成した脂肪PEC組成物OC-D及びPEC:S21:0.5についての粘度を、23℃、40℃、及び50℃で経時的に追跡した。表9~表12から、経時的及び温度的な粘度変化は許容可能であると結論付けられる。
油/脂肪/脂肪酸の乳化剤としてPECを使用すると、安定したエマルジョン/分散液が得られる。油とPECを組み合わせると、耐久性のある疎水性を有する不織布、織布、織物、及び繊維系材料用の疎水性結合剤/添加剤として使用することができる脂肪PEC組成物が得られる。
脂肪PEC組成物が繊維懸濁液中の繊維に疎水特性を転移する能力を評価するために、無脂肪PEC組成物及び脂肪PEC組成物を紙プロセスのウェットエンドで添加した紙シートを生産した。形成された紙シートを引張試験、接触角、及びガーレーで評価した。
以下に、実験13~14で使用した全ての装置を列挙する。
・配合物及び紙懸濁液中のpHは、Hamilton Polilyte Lab Temp BNC電極(緩衝液pH 4、7、及び10で較正)を用いてVWR製pHenomeal pH 1000Hで測定した。
・実験室規模での配合物の均質化は、IKAT25デジタルUltra-Turraxを用いて行った。
・パルプ懸濁液は、PTI Austria製のパルパーTico 732 Hengstlerを使用して作製した。
・紙シートは、Rapid-Koethenシート形成剤タイプRK-2Aを用いて実験室規模で生産した。
・配合物及びパルプ懸濁液の攪拌は、プロペラと共にIKA製のオーバーヘッドスターラー(Eurostar digital IKA-Werke又はIKA RW28ベーシック)を用いて行った。
・Rapid Koethenで生産した紙の更なる乾燥は、Termaks製オーブン中で(クランプで吊り下げて)行った。
・引張試験は、Wintest Analysisソフトウェアと共にTestometric M250-2.5AT(機械容量2.5kN)を使用して実施した。
・接触角は、FIBRO Systems AB製のPGX Serial50585をソフトウェアThe PocketGonimeter Program verison3.3と共に使用して測定した。
・ガーレーは、Lorentzen&Wettre製のL&W Densometer(タイプ:6_4、No.:2241)を使用して測定した。
以下に、実験13~14で使用した全ての方法を列挙する。
・方法14:Rottneros製の硫酸水素ナトリウム漂白CTMP繊維(平均繊維長1.2~1.5mm)を含むパルプ懸濁液を18~22℃の水道水中で調製し、0.5重量%に希釈した。使用前に、全量(40l)を2.5lのアリコートに分け、各バッチについてクエン酸溶液(クエン酸一水和物:水道水、1:2)を用いてpHを5.5~6.5に調整した。次いで、強度系(即ちPEC組成物)をパルプ懸濁液に様々な量で添加し、シート形成を開始する10分前にプロペラで激しく撹拌した。この10分間でpHを1~2回制御し、上昇した場合はpHを<6.5に調整した。
パルプ懸濁液を方法14に従って作製し、PEC組成物(脂肪及び非脂肪)を含む紙及び含まない紙を方法16に従って生産した。繊維に対するPECの量は重要であるため、繊維に対するPECの量が1及び0.5%(d/d)になるように2種類の組成物(OC-C及びOC-E)を紙懸濁液に添加して決定した。パルプ懸濁液に添加する前に、配合物をPECに基づいて1重量%に希釈して、繊維懸濁液へのPECの混合を容易にした。乾燥引張試験は方法16を用いて行った。結果を表13に示す。
パルプ懸濁液を方法13に従って作製し、脂肪PEC組成物を含む紙を方法15に従って生産した。紙の通気性を決定するためにガーレー法を使用し、100ccに対するガーレー秒を決定した。各試験点について2枚の紙シートを3箇所の異なる箇所で測定した。結果を表16に示す。
実験14~15は、本発明の脂肪PEC組成物が、製紙プロセスにおいて非常に適したウェットエンド添加剤であり、機械的特性と表面特性の両方が影響を受ける可能性があることを示している。
Claims (26)
- 結合剤として適したバイオ系高分子電解質複合体(PEC)組成物を用いた繊維系材料、織物、織布、及び不織布材料の処理方法であって、前記PEC組成物は、カチオン性バイオポリマーと、アニオン性バイオポリマーと、酸と、防腐剤とを含み、
-前記PECの実効電荷はカチオン性であり、
-前記アニオン性ポリマーと前記カチオン性ポリマーとの電荷比は≦1であり、
-前記カチオン性バイオポリマーはキトサンであり、前記キトサンは66~100%の脱アセチル化度を有し、
-前記アニオン性バイオポリマーは、天然由来のポリアニオンであり、
-前記酸はブレンステッド酸及び/又はルイス酸であり、前記ブレンステッド酸は有機酸及び/又は無機酸から選択され、前記ルイス酸はカチオン性の一価又は多価原子から選択され、
-カチオン性バイオポリマーとアニオン性バイオポリマーとの重量比は、1:0.1から1:20であり、
-前記カチオン性バイオポリマーと酸との重量比は1:0.01から1:30であり、
-pHは7未満であり、
前記組成物は1種以上の脂肪化合物を更に含み、
PEC:脂肪化合物の重量比が1:0.5から1:1であり、且つ前記脂肪化合物は、1g/cm3未満の密度を有する天然油、合成油、液体ワックス、液体樹脂、脂肪酸、脂肪アルコール、脂肪シラン、脂肪シロキサン、脂肪アミン、脂肪アミド、脂肪エポキシド、脂肪イミン、脂肪アルデヒド、脂肪イミド、脂肪チオール、脂肪硫酸、脂肪エステル、及び脂肪ケトン並びにそれらの混合物からなる群からそれぞれ独立して選択される、処理方法。 - 繊維系材料、織物、織布、及び不織布材料に機械的特性及び/又は疎水性を与える請求項1に記載の処理方法であって、
a.PEC組成物で前記繊維基材、織物、織布、及び不織布材料を処理する工程であって、
i.前記PEC組成物の繊維系材料、織物、織布、及び不織布材料のサスペンションへの添加、
ii.スプレーコーティング、
iii.ディップコーティング、
iv.ロールコーティング、
v.含浸、
vi.パディング、
vii.スクリーンコーティング、
viii.印刷、
ix.ナイフコーティング、ブレードコーティング、巻線バーコーティング、丸棒コーティング、及び粉砕フォームコーティングを含む直接コーティング方法、
x.マイヤーロッドコーティング、直接ロールコーティング、キスコーティング、グラビアコーティング、及びリバースロールコーティングを含む間接コーティング方法、
xi.インクジェット及び/又はスリットダイ/スロットダイ、
による工程と、
b.処理した繊維系材料、織物、織布、及び不織布材料を場合により硬化させる工程と、
を含む、処理方法。 - 前記硬化が20℃~200℃で行われる、請求項2に記載の処理方法。
- 処理した繊維系材料、織物、織布、及び不織布材料を硬化させる工程を含む、請求項2又は3に記載の処理方法。
- 前記硬化が120℃~180℃で行われる、請求項4に記載の処理方法。
- 前記PEC組成物を水で希釈する工程と、希釈した前記PEC組成物で繊維系材料、織物、織布、及び不織布材料を処理する工程と、を含み、前記水が水道水、蒸留水、及び/又は脱イオン水から選択される、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の処理方法。
- カチオン性バイオポリマーと、アニオン性バイオポリマーと、酸と、防腐剤とを含むバイオ系高分子電解質複合体(PEC)組成物であって、
-前記PECの実効電荷はカチオン性であり、
-前記アニオン性ポリマーと前記カチオン性ポリマーとの電荷比は≦1であり、
-前記カチオン性バイオポリマーはキトサンであり、前記キトサンは66~100%の脱アセチル化度を有し、
-前記アニオン性バイオポリマーは、天然由来のポリアニオンであり、
-前記酸はブレンステッド酸及び/又はルイス酸であり、前記ブレンステッド酸は有機酸及び/又は無機酸から選択され、前記ルイス酸はカチオン性の一価又は多価原子から選択され、
-カチオン性バイオポリマーとアニオン性バイオポリマーとの重量比は、1:0.1から1:20であり、
-前記カチオン性バイオポリマーと酸との重量比は1:0.01から1:30であり、
-pHは7未満であり、
前記組成物は1種以上の脂肪化合物を更に含み、PEC:脂肪化合物の重量比が1:0.5から1:1であり、且つ前記脂肪化合物は、1g/cm3未満の密度を有する天然油、合成油、液体ワックス、液体樹脂、脂肪酸、脂肪アルコール、脂肪シラン、脂肪シロキサン、脂肪アミン、脂肪アミド、脂肪エポキシド、脂肪イミン、脂肪アルデヒド、脂肪イミド、脂肪チオール、脂肪硫酸、脂肪エステル、及び脂肪ケトン並びにそれらの混合物からなる群からそれぞれ独立して選択される、PEC組成物。 - 前記1種以上の脂肪化合物が、天然油、液体ワックス及び/又は脂肪酸並びにそれらの混合物から選択される、請求項7に記載のPEC組成物。
- 前記アニオン性バイオポリマーが、リグニンアルカリ、リグノスルホン酸、及び多糖類で構成される群から選択され、前記アニオン性ポリマーの濃度は0.005~30%である、請求項7又は8に記載のPEC組成物。
- 前記アニオン性バイオポリマーが、カルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)、アルギン酸、ペクチン、カラギーナン、アラビアゴム、及びナノ結晶セルロース(NCC)で構成される群から選択される、請求項7又は8に記載のPEC組成物。
- 前記アニオン性ポリマーが、カルボキシメチルセルロース、アルギン酸、リグニンアルカリ、NCC、及びアラビアゴムで構成される群から選択される、請求項7又は8に記載のPEC組成物。
- 前記アニオン性ポリマーがカルボキシメチルセルロースである、請求項7又は8に記載のPEC組成物。
- 前記アルギン酸及びリグノスルホン酸はそれらのナトリウム塩として存在する、請求項9又は10に記載のPEC組成物。
- 前記酸の濃度が0.01~30重量%であり、前記酸は、酢酸、アセチルサリチル酸、アジピン酸、ベンゼンスルホン酸、樟脳スルホン酸、クエン酸、ジヒドロキシフマル酸、ギ酸、グリコール酸、グリオキシル酸、塩酸、乳酸、リンゴ酸、マロン酸、マレイン酸、マンデル酸、シュウ酸、パラ-トルエンスルホン酸、フタル酸、ピルビン酸、サリチル酸、硫酸、酒石酸、及びコハク酸で構成される群から選択される、請求項7~13のいずれか1項に記載のPEC組成物。
- 前記酸は、クエン酸、シュウ酸、及び酒石酸で構成される群から選択される、請求項7~13のいずれか1項に記載のPEC組成物。
- 前記酸はクエン酸である、請求項7~13のいずれか1項に記載のPEC組成物。
- 前記酸は、クエン酸一水和物である、請求項7~13のいずれか1項に記載のPEC組成物。
- 前記PEC組成物が水を更に含み、前記水が水道水、蒸留水、及び/又は脱イオン水から選択される、請求項7~17のいずれか1項に記載のPEC組成物。
- 前記pHが1.8~4の範囲内である、請求項7~18のいずれか1項に記載のPEC組成物。
- 少なくとも0.04重量%のPECを含む、請求項7~19のいずれか1項に記載のPEC組成物。
- 前記アニオン性バイオポリマーの濃度が0.005~30重量%である、請求項7~20のいずれか一項に記載のPEC組成物。
- キトサンの濃度が0.005~30重量%である、請求項7~21のいずれか1項に記載のPEC組成物。
- 前記酸の濃度が0.01~30重量%である、請求項7~22のいずれか1項に記載のPEC組成物。
- 前記組成物が、水溶性可塑剤、消泡剤、発泡剤、湿潤剤、合体剤、触媒、界面活性剤、乳化剤、保存剤、架橋剤、レオロジー調整剤、充填剤、非イオン性ポリマー、染料、顔料で構成される群から選択される1種以上の添加剤を含み、前記添加剤の濃度が、0~99重量%である、請求項7~23のいずれか1項に記載のPEC組成物。
- 前記防腐剤が、防カビ剤、殺菌剤、医薬用防腐剤、化粧品用防腐剤、及び/又は食品用防腐剤から選択され、前記食品用防腐剤は、安息香酸、安息香酸ナトリウム、ヒドロキシ安息香酸及びそれらの派生物、乳酸、プロピオン酸及びプロピオン酸ナトリウム、二酸化硫黄及びスルフィット、ソルビン酸及びソルビン酸ナトリウム、アスコルビン酸、アスコルビン酸ナトリウム、ブチルヒドロキシトルエン、ブチルヒドロキシアニソール、没食子酸及び没食子酸ナトリウム、並びにトコフェロールから選択され、防カビ剤又は殺菌剤は1,2-ベンズイソチアゾリン-3-オンから選択され、化粧品用防腐剤は2-メチル-4-イソチアゾリン-3-オンから選択され、医薬用防腐剤は2-ブロモ-2-ニトロ-1,3-プロパンジオールから選択される、請求項7~24のいずれか1項に記載のPEC組成物。
- 前記PEC組成物が、0.005~10重量%の防腐剤を含む、請求項7~25のいずれか1項に記載のPEC組成物。
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EP3504262A1 (en) | 2019-07-03 |
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US11685820B2 (en) | 2023-06-27 |
JP2019532189A (ja) | 2019-11-07 |
DK3504262T3 (da) | 2021-04-19 |
WO2018038670A1 (en) | 2018-03-01 |
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