JP7134544B2 - ゲルポリマー電解質用組成物、これから製造されるゲルポリマー電解質及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池 - Google Patents
ゲルポリマー電解質用組成物、これから製造されるゲルポリマー電解質及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7134544B2 JP7134544B2 JP2020506723A JP2020506723A JP7134544B2 JP 7134544 B2 JP7134544 B2 JP 7134544B2 JP 2020506723 A JP2020506723 A JP 2020506723A JP 2020506723 A JP2020506723 A JP 2020506723A JP 7134544 B2 JP7134544 B2 JP 7134544B2
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
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- 229910013733 LiCo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002995 LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012265 LiPO2F2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MKGYHFFYERNDHK-UHFFFAOYSA-K P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[Ti+4].[Li+] Chemical compound P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[Ti+4].[Li+] MKGYHFFYERNDHK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- PPVYRCKAOVCGRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K P(=S)([O-])([O-])[O-].[Ge+2].[Li+] Chemical class P(=S)([O-])([O-])[O-].[Ge+2].[Li+] PPVYRCKAOVCGRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic acid Chemical class CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002367 SrTiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NXPZICSHDHGMGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Mn].[Li] Chemical compound [Co].[Mn].[Li] NXPZICSHDHGMGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PFYQFCKUASLJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ni].[Li] Chemical compound [Co].[Ni].[Li] PFYQFCKUASLJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SSBFISCARUPWGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].C(C(=O)F)(=O)F Chemical compound [Li].C(C(=O)F)(=O)F SSBFISCARUPWGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn] KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOXUFMZTHZXOGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn].[Co].[Ni] SOXUFMZTHZXOGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUCYFKSBFREPBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [phenyl-(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphoryl]-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)methanone Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(=O)P(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)C1=C(C)C=C(C)C=C1C GUCYFKSBFREPBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- NDPGDHBNXZOBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum lithium cobalt(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Co++].[Ni++] NDPGDHBNXZOBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CVJYOKLQNGVTIS-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;lithium;titanium(4+);phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Al+3].[Ti+4].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O CVJYOKLQNGVTIS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MQDJYUACMFCOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)phenyl]methanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(C(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C2(O)CCCCC2)C=1C1(O)CCCCC1 MQDJYUACMFCOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Co] CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- YQHLDYVWEZKEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cumene hydroperoxide Chemical compound OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 YQHLDYVWEZKEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VFHVQBAGLAREND-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylphosphoryl-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)methanone Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(=O)P(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 VFHVQBAGLAREND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940093499 ethyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- CJNBYAVZURUTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Hf]=O CJNBYAVZURUTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000664 lithium aluminum titanium phosphates (LATP) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003473 lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940006487 lithium cation Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001547 lithium hexafluoroantimonate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001540 lithium hexafluoroarsenate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000659 lithium lanthanum titanates (LLT) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FRMOHNDAXZZWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium manganese(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] FRMOHNDAXZZWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021450 lithium metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGYDTVNNDKLMHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;manganese;nickel;oxocobalt Chemical compound [Li].[Mn].[Ni].[Co]=O VGYDTVNNDKLMHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxonickel Chemical class [Li].[Ni]=O URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- YLHXLHGIAMFFBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl phenylglyoxalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 YLHXLHGIAMFFBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YKTSAHBOSLDIBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(phenyl)iodanium Chemical compound C[I+]C1=CC=CC=C1 YKTSAHBOSLDIBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003424 phenylacetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003279 phenylacetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001384 propylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IAHFWCOBPZCAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinonitrile Chemical compound N#CCCC#N IAHFWCOBPZCAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BHZCMUVGYXEBMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trilithium;azanide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[NH2-] BHZCMUVGYXEBMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/08—Copolymers of styrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/24—Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0565—Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0085—Immobilising or gelification of electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0088—Composites
- H01M2300/0091—Composites in the form of mixtures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
Description
本出願は、2017年11月30日付韓国特許出願第10-2017-0163676号に基づく優先権の利益を主張し、当該韓国特許出願の文献に開示された全ての内容は本明細書の一部として含まれる。
スチレンモノマーから誘導された下記化学式2aで表される第1繰り返し単位を含む第2オリゴマー;
重合開始剤;リチウム塩;及び非水系溶媒を含むゲルポリマー電解質用組成物:
前記Aは、1つ以上のフッ素が置換されているかまたは置換されていない炭素数1から5のアルキレン基を含む単位であり、
前記B及びB´は、それぞれ独立して、アミド基を含む単位であり、
前記C及びC´は、それぞれ独立して、(メタ)アクリレート基を含む単位であり、
前記mは1から100の整数である。
本発明によるゲルポリマー電解質用組成物は、第1オリゴマー;第2オリゴマー;重合開始剤;リチウム塩;及び非水系溶媒を含む。
先ず、前記オリゴマーについて説明する。前記に記載したところのように、本発明のオリゴマーは、第1オリゴマー及び第2オリゴマーで構成される。
前記Aは、1つ以上のフッ素が置換されているかまたは置換されていない炭素数1から5のアルキレン基を含む単位であり、前記B及びB´は、それぞれ独立して、アミド基を含む単位であり、前記C及びC´は、それぞれ独立して、(メタ)アクリレート基を含む単位であり、前記mは1から100の整数である。
R1は、炭素数1から10の直鎖状または非直鎖状アルキレン基、炭素数3から10の置換されているかまたは置換されていないシクロアルキレン基、炭素数6から20の置換されているかまたは置換されていないバイシクロアルキレン基、炭素数6から20の置換されているかまたは置換されていないアリール基、下記化学式R1-1で表される単位及び下記化学式R1-2で表される単位からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つ以上である。
前記R1は、下記化学式R1-3からR1-8で表される単位のうち少なくとも1つ以上を含んでもよい。
次に、前記重合開始剤について説明する。
次に、前記リチウム塩について説明する。
次に、非水系溶媒について説明する。
以下、本発明によるゲルポリマー電解質について説明する。
次に、本発明によるリチウム二次電池について説明する。本発明のまた他の実施例による二次電池は、負極、正極、前記正極及び負極の間に介在された分離膜及びゲルポリマー電解質を含む。前記ゲルポリマー電解質は、前述した内容と同様なので、具体的な説明を省略する。
前記正極は、正極集電体上に正極活物質、バインダー、導電材及び溶媒などを含む正極合剤スラリーをコーティングして製造することができる。
この中でも、電池の容量特性及び安定性を高めることができるという点で、前記リチウム複合金属酸化物は、LiCoO2、LiMnO2、LiNiO2、リチウムニッケルマンガンコバルト酸化物(例えば、Li(Ni0.6Mn0.2Co0.2)O2、Li(Ni0.5Mn0.3Co0.2)O2、またはLi(Ni0.8Mn0.1Co0.1)O2など)、またはリチウムニッケルコバルトアルミニウム酸化物(例えば、LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2など)などであってもよく、リチウム複合金属酸化物を形成する構成元素の種類及び含量比の制御による改善効果の顕著さを考慮すると、前記リチウム複合金属酸化物は、Li(Ni0.6Mn0.2Co0.2)O2、Li(Ni0.5Mn0.3Co0.2)O2、Li(Ni0.7Mn0.15Co0.15)O2またはLi(Ni0.8Mn0.1Co0.1)O2などであってもよく、これらの何れか1つまたは2つ以上の混合物が用いられてもよい。
前記負極は、例えば、負極集電体上に負極活物質、バインダー、導電材及び溶媒などを含む負極合剤スラリーをコーティングして製造するか、炭素(C)からなる黒鉛電極または金属自体を負極として用いることができる。
また、分離膜としては、従来分離膜として用いられた通常の多孔性高分子フィルム、例えばエチレン単独重合体、プロピレン単独重合体、エチレン/ブテン共重合体、エチレン/ヘキセン共重合体及びエチレン/メタクリルレート共重合体などのようななポリオレフィン系高分子で製造した多孔性高分子フィルムを単独でまたはこれらを積層して用いてよく、または通常の多孔性不織布、例えば高融点のガラス繊維、ポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維などからなる不織布を用いてもよいが、これに限定されるものではない。
1.実施例1
(1)ゲルポリマー電解質用組成物の製造
エチレンカーボネート(EC)、エチルメチルカーボネート(EMC)を3:7体積比で混合し、LiPF6を0.7M、LiFSIを0.5Mを投入して混合溶媒を製造した後、前記製造された混合溶媒91.98gに、化学式1-5のオリゴマー(重量平均分子量4,000)4g及び化学式2-1のオリゴマー(重量平均分子量3,000)1g、重合開始剤(2,2’-アゾビス(イソブチロニトリル)(2,2´-Azobis(iso-butyronitrile))、AIBN)0.02g、その他添加剤としてビニレンカーボネート(Vinylene Carbonate、VC)1.5g、プロパンスルトン(Propane sultone、PS)0.5g、エチレンサルフェート(Ethylene sulfate、ESa)1gを添加してゲルポリマー電解質用組成物を製造した。
正極活物質として、(LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2;NCM)97.5重量%、導電材としてカーボンブラック(carbon black)1.5重量%、バインダーとしてPVDF1重量%を溶媒であるN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)に添加し、正極合剤スラリーを製造した。前記正極合剤スラリーを厚さが20μm程度の正極集電体であるアルミニウム(Al)薄膜に塗布後に乾燥させた後、ロールプレス(roll press)を行って正極を製造した。
前記実施例1で、化学式2-1の化合物2gを添加したことを除いては、実施例1と同一の方法でゲルポリマー電解質を含むリチウム二次電池を製造した。
前記実施例1で、第2オリゴマーとして、化学式2-1のオリゴマー1gの代わりに化学式2-2のオリゴマーを1gを添加したことを除いては、実施例1と同一の方法でゲルポリマー電解質を含むリチウム二次電池を製造した。
前記実施例3で、化学式2-2のオリゴマー2gを添加したことを除いては、実施例3と同一の方法でゲルポリマー電解質を含むリチウム二次電池を製造した。
1.比較例1
(1)電解液の製造
エチレンカーボネート(EC)とエチルメチルカーボネート(EMC)を3:7体積比で混合し、LiPF6を0.7M、LiFSIを0.5Mを投入した混合溶媒で電解液を97.5g製造した後、その他添加剤としてビニレンカーボネート(Vinylene Carbonate、VC)1.5g、プロパンスルトン(Propane sultone、PS)0.5g、エチレンサルフェート(Ethylene sulfate、ESa)1gを添加した。
正極活物質として(LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2;NCM ;NCM)97.5重量%、導電材としてカーボンブラック(carbon black)1.5重量%、バインダーとしてPVDF1重量%を溶媒であるN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)に添加し、正極合剤スラリーを製造した。前記正極合剤スラリーを厚さが20μm程度の正極集電体であるアルミニウム(Al)薄膜に塗布後に乾燥させた後、ロールプレス(roll press)を行って正極を製造した。
次に、人造黒鉛電極を負極として用いた。
前記正極、負極及びポリプロピレン/ポリエチレン/ポリプロピレン(PP/PE/PP)3層からなる分離膜を用いて電極組立体を製造し、前記電極組立体に前記製造された電解液を注入してリチウム二次電池を製造した。
前記実施例1で、化学式1-5のオリゴマー(重量平均分子量4,000)4gのみを用いて、化学式2-1のオリゴマーを用いないことを除いては、実施例1と同一の方法でゲルポリマー電解質を含むリチウム二次電池を製造した。
前記実施例1で、化学式2-1のオリゴマー(重量平均分子量3,000)1gのみを用いて、化学式1-5のオリゴマーを用いないことを除いては、実施例1と同一の方法でゲルポリマー電解質を含むリチウム二次電池を製造した。
前記実施例1で、オリゴマーとして、化学式1-6のオリゴマー及び化学式2-1のオリゴマーの代わりにジペンタエリスリトールペンタアクリレート(dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate)からなるアクリレート系オリゴマーのみを用いることを除いては、実施例1と同一の方法でゲルポリマー電解質を含むリチウム二次電池を製造した。
1.実験例1:高温安全性評価(発熱量の測定)
前記実施例1~4及び比較例1~4で製造されたリチウム二次電池を、4.25Vの電圧条件下で、SOC100%充電させた。以後、25℃で、0.7℃/minの昇温速度で温度を上昇させ、120℃付近の温度範囲下で、約100分ほど温度を維持させる(第1温度維持区間)。以後、再び0.7℃/minの昇温速度で温度を上昇させ、150℃付近の温度範囲下で温度を維持させる(第2温度維持区間)。以後、再び0.7℃/minの昇温速度で温度を上昇させ、200℃付近の温度範囲下で温度を維持させるステップ(第3温度維持区間)を経てリチウム二次電池が高温に露出するようにした後、リチウム二次電池内部の発熱量を測定し(NETZSCH社のMMC(Multi module calorimeter)274で測定)、下記表1に示した。
前記実施例1~4及び比較例1~4で製造されたリチウム二次電池を、4.25Vの電圧条件下で、SOC100%で充電させた後、60℃で10週(week)間露出するようにした後、リチウム二次電池内に発生されたガス量を測定し、下記表2に示した。
Claims (9)
- 下記化学式1で表される第1オリゴマー;
スチレンモノマーから誘導された下記化学式2aで表される第1繰り返し単位を含む第2オリゴマー;
重合開始剤;リチウム塩;及び非水系溶媒を含むゲルポリマー電解質用組成物:
前記単位Aは、下記化学式A-1からA-6で表される単位のうち少なくとも1つ以上を含み、
前記B及びB´は、それぞれ独立して、アミド基を含む単位であり、
前記単位C及びC´は、それぞれ独立して、下記化学式C-3からC-5で表される単位のうち少なくとも1つ以上を含み、
前記mは1から100の整数であり、
- 前記第2オリゴマーは、下記化学式2bで表される第2繰り返し単位及び下記化学式2cで表される第3繰り返し単位からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つ以上の繰り返し単位をさらに含むものである、請求項1に記載のゲルポリマー電解質用組成物:
- 前記第1オリゴマー及び第2オリゴマーは、97.5:2.5から2.5:97.5質量比で含まれるものである、請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載のゲルポリマー電解質用組成物。
- 前記第1オリゴマーの重量平均分子量(Mw)は、1,000から10,000である、請求項1から4の何れか一項に記載のゲルポリマー電解質用組成物。
- 前記第2オリゴマーの重量平均分子量(Mw)は、300から10,800である、請求項1から5の何れか一項に記載のゲルポリマー電解質用組成物。
- 請求項1から7の何れか一項に記載のゲルポリマー電解質用組成物を用いて製造されるゲルポリマー電解質。
- 正極;
負極;
前記正極と負極の間に介在される分離膜;及び
請求項8に記載のゲルポリマー電解質を含むリチウム二次電池。
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