JP7002456B2 - 低温流動性酸化物層を含む半導体オンインシュレータ構造およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
低温流動性酸化物層を含む半導体オンインシュレータ構造およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7002456B2 JP7002456B2 JP2018538865A JP2018538865A JP7002456B2 JP 7002456 B2 JP7002456 B2 JP 7002456B2 JP 2018538865 A JP2018538865 A JP 2018538865A JP 2018538865 A JP2018538865 A JP 2018538865A JP 7002456 B2 JP7002456 B2 JP 7002456B2
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/04—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their crystalline structure, e.g. polycrystalline, cubic or particular orientation of crystalline planes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/20—Deposition of semiconductor materials on a substrate, e.g. epitaxial growth solid phase epitaxy
- H01L21/2003—Deposition of semiconductor materials on a substrate, e.g. epitaxial growth solid phase epitaxy characterised by the substrate
- H01L21/2007—Bonding of semiconductor wafers to insulating substrates or to semiconducting substrates using an intermediate insulating layer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02112—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/324—Thermal treatment for modifying the properties of semiconductor bodies, e.g. annealing, sintering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
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Description
本発明で使用するための基板は、例えば単結晶半導体ハンドルウエハのような半導体ハンドル基板、および例えば単結晶半導体ドナーウエハのような半導体ドナー基板を含む。半導体・オン・インシュレータ複合構造の中の半導体デバイス層は、単結晶半導体ドナーウエハに起因する。半導体デバイス層は、半導体ドナー基板のエッチングのようなウエハ薄膜化技術により、またはダメージ面を含む半導体ドナー基板の劈開により、半導体ハンドル基板の上に移転されても良い。本発明の方法では、1またはそれ以上の絶縁層が、単結晶半導体ハンドルウエハおよび単結晶半導体ドナーウエハのいずれかまたは双方の表面上に準備されても良い。
本発明の方法によれば、図2に関して、1またはそれ以上の絶縁層(例えば、3またはそれ以上の絶縁層、それらの番号は200、300、400)を含む誘電体層420が、単結晶半導体ハンドル基板100と単結晶シリコンドナー基板500との間に準備される。図2に関して、限定されない、例示の、多層半導体・オン・絶縁体構造(SOI、例えばシリコン・オン・インシュレータ構造)が記載されている。図2によれば、SOI構造は、本発明の幾つかの具体例にかかる、例えば酸化物・窒化物・酸化物誘電体層(ONO)のような、3つの絶縁層を含む誘電体層420を含む。幾つかの具体例では、多層半導体・オン・絶縁体構造は、単結晶半導体ハンドル基板100、第1半導体酸化物層200、半導体窒化物層300、第2半導体酸化物層400、および単結晶半導体ドナー基板500を含む。絶縁層の他の構造も、本開示の範囲に入る。例えば、1またはそれ以上の絶縁層が、誘電体層から排除されても良く、または追加の誘電体層が含まれても良い。図2に関して、接着界面は以下のいずれかであっても良い:(1)第1半導体酸化物層200と半導体窒化物層300との間、(2)半導体窒化物層300と半導体第2酸化物層400との間、および(3)構造が窒化物層を欠く場合は、第1半導体酸化物層200と第2半導体酸化物層400との間。
幾つかの具体例では、図1Aおよび図1Bに示すように、少なくとの一部、即ち誘電体層の1つ、2つ、3つ、またはそれ以上の絶縁層が、単結晶半導体ハンドル基板100の表面102の上に形成される。幾つかの具体例では、流動可能またはリフロー可能な材料を含む絶縁層120が、単結晶半導体ハンドル基板100の表面102の上に堆積される。幾つかの具体例では、図1Cに示すように、酸化層、酸窒化層、または窒化層でも良く、追加の絶縁層140が、流動可能またはリフロー可能な材料を含む絶縁層120の上に堆積されても良い。他の具体例では、流動可能またはリフロー可能な材料を含む絶縁層120を含むハンドル基板100は、更なる堆積は行われず、流動可能またはリフロー可能な材料を含む絶縁層120は接着界面として有用であり、これにより、流動可能またはリフロー可能な絶縁層の平坦化特性の長所を有し、これにより接着領域中の粗さ/ボイドを低減する。更なる具体例では、流動可能またはリフロー可能な材料は、単結晶半導体ドナー基板の表面上に堆積しても良い。
流動可能またはリフロー可能な材料を含む絶縁層120は、アニールして、膜をリフロー、硬化(キュア)、および/または高密化しても良い。流動可能な膜およびリフロー膜の双方は、高密度化することができる。リフロー可能な膜のみが、アニール中に流動化する。(ボロンリンシリケートガラス:BPSGのような)ドープされた酸化物のようなリフロー可能な絶縁層の高密度化の間に、それらは流動化する。特徴的には、リフロー可能な材料のリフローは、表面を平坦化し、それゆえに表面粗さを低減し、表面をより接着しやすくする。
幾つかの具体例では、1またはそれ以上の絶縁層が、プラズマ誘起化学気相堆積のようなプラズマ堆積プロセスにより、単結晶半導体ハンドル基板100の表面上または単結晶半導体ドナー基板の表面上に準備しても良い。幾つかの具体例では、半導体酸化物(例えばシリコン酸化物)を含む絶縁層が、酸素プラズマ処理により堆積される。幾つかの具体例では、半導体窒化物(例えばシリコン窒化物)を含む絶縁層が、窒素プラズマ処理により堆積される。幾つかの具体例では、半導体酸窒化物(例えばシリコン酸窒化物)が、窒素と酸素を含むプラズマ処理により堆積される。広い種類の基板形状が、酸素プラズマ処理および/または窒素プラズマ処理されても良い。図1Aを参照すると、単結晶半導体ハンドル基板100の表面102が酸素プラズマ処理および/または窒素プラズマ処理されて、これにより半導体酸化物(例えばシリコン酸化物)、半導体窒化物(例えばシリコン窒化物)、または半導体酸窒化物(例えばシリコン酸窒化物)を堆積しても良い。1またはそれ以上の絶縁層が、単結晶半導体ハンドル基板100の表面102の上に堆積されても良い。図1Bおよび図1Cを参照すると、流動可能またはリフロー可能な材料を含む絶縁層120または絶縁層140は、酸素プラズマ処理および/または窒素プラズマ処理が行われ、1またはそれ以上の絶縁層を堆積する。本発明の更なる具体例では、1またはそれ以上の絶縁層が、プラズマ堆積により、単結晶半導体ドナー基板の上に堆積しても良い。
図2を参照して、ここに記載された方法により準備された単結晶半導体ハンドル基板100、例えば単結晶シリコンハンドルウエハのような単結晶半導体ハンドルウエハは、次に、従来の層移転方法により準備された、例えば単結晶半導体ドナーウエハのような半導体ドナー基板500に接着される。単結晶半導体ドナー基板500は、単結晶半導体ウエハでも良い。好適な具体例では、半導体ウエハは、シリコン、シリコンカーバイド、シリコンゲルマニウム、砒化ガリウム、窒化ガリウム、燐化インジウム、インジウムガリウム砒素、ゲルマニウム、およびそれらの組み合わせからなるグループから選択される材料を含む。最終的な集積回路デバイスの所望の特性に応じて、単結晶半導体(例えばシリコン)ドナーウエハ500は、ホウ素(p型)、ガリウム(p型)、アルミニウム(p型)、インジウム(p型)、燐(n型)、アンチモン(n型)、および砒素(n型)のような電気的に活性なドーパントを含んでも良い。単結晶半導体(例えばシリコン)ドナーウエハの抵抗率は、1から50オームcm、一般には5から25オームcmでも良い。単結晶半導体ドナーウエハ500は、酸化、注入、および注入後の洗浄を含む標準プロセス工程を行っても良い。このように多層半導体構造の準備に従来使用される材料からなる単結晶半導体ウエハのような、エッチング、研磨および任意的に光学的酸化が行われた、半導体ドナー基板500、例えば単結晶シリコンドナーウエハは、イオン注入が行われて、ドナー基板中にダメージ層が形成される。
Claims (16)
- 多層構造を準備する方法であって、この方法は、
単結晶シリコンハンドル基板の表面上に直接リフロー可能な絶縁層を含むハンドル誘電体層を堆積する工程であって、単結晶シリコンハンドル基板は、その1つは単結晶シリコンハンドル基板の表面であり、他は単結晶シリコンハンドル基板の裏面である、略平行な2つの主面と、単結晶シリコンハンドル基板の表面と裏面とを接続する周辺エッジと、単結晶シリコンハンドル基板の表面と裏面との間の中心面と、単結晶シリコンハンドル基板の表面と裏面の間のバルク領域を含み、リフロー可能な絶縁層は約1000℃より低い温度で流動可能であり、さらにリフロー可能な絶縁層は、りんけい酸ガラス、ほうけい酸ガラス、ほうりんけい酸ガラス、およびその組み合わせからなるグループから選択されるけい酸塩ガラスを含む工程と、
約800℃から約1000℃までの温度でリフロー可能な絶縁層をアニールすることにより、リフロー可能な絶縁層を硬化させる工程と、
リフロー可能な絶縁層を含むハンドル誘電体層に、単結晶シリコンドナー基板の表面と界面接触したドナー誘電体層を接着し、これにより接着構造を形成する工程であって、単結晶シリコンドナー基板は、その1つは単結晶シリコンドナー基板の表面であり、他は単結晶シリコンドナー基板の裏面である、略平行な2つの主面と、単結晶シリコンドナー基板の表面と裏面とを接続する周辺エッジと、シリコンドナー基板の表面と裏面との間の中心面と、単結晶シリコンドナー基板の表面と裏面の間のバルク領域を含む工程と、
単結晶シリコンドナー基板は劈開面を含み、単結晶シリコンドナー基板の劈開面で接着構造を機械的に劈開して、これにより単結晶シリコンハンドル基板、単結晶シリコンハンドル基板と界面接触したリフロー可能な絶縁層を含むハンドル誘電体層、ハンドル誘電体層と界面接触したドナー誘電体層、およびドナー誘電体層と界面接触した単結晶シリコンデバイス層を含む劈開構造を準備する工程と、を含む方法。 - 単結晶シリコンハンドル基板は、チョクラルスキ法またはフロートゾーン法で成長させた単結晶シリコンインゴットからスライスされた単結晶シリコンウエハを含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- 単結晶シリコンドナー基板は、チョクラルスキ法またはフロートゾーン法で成長させた単結晶シリコンインゴットからスライスされた単結晶シリコンウエハを含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- リフロー可能な絶縁層は、ほうりんけい酸ガラスを含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- リフロー可能な絶縁層は、オゾンと接触させ、紫外線光を照射し、またはオゾンと接触させかつ紫外線光を照射することで硬化させる請求項1に記載の方法。
- リフロー可能な絶縁層は、約100ナノメータから約1マイクロメータの膜厚を有する請求項1に記載の方法。
- 硬化されたリフロー可能な絶縁層は、少なくとも2マイクロメータかける2マイクロメータの表面領域の上で2乗平均平方根法により測定した場合に、約2オングストロームより小さい最大表面粗さを有する請求項1に記載の方法。
- ドナー誘電体層は、二酸化シリコン、酸窒化シリコン、窒化シリコン、酸化ハフニウム、酸化チタニウム、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化ランタニウム、酸化バリウム、およびその組み合わせからなるグループから選択される材料を含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- ドナー誘電体層は、二酸化シリコン、酸窒化シリコン、窒化シリコン、およびその組み合わせからなるグループから選択される材料を含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- ドナー誘電体層は、多層を含み、多層の中のそれぞれの誘電体層は、二酸化シリコン、酸窒化シリコン、および窒化シリコンからなるグループから選択される材料を含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- ドナー誘電体層は、少なくとも約10ナノメータの膜厚を有する絶縁層を含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- さらに、硬化させたリフロー可能な絶縁層の上に第2の絶縁層を堆積する工程を含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- 第2の誘電体層は、二酸化シリコン、酸窒化シリコン、窒化シリコン、およびその組み合わせからなるグループから選択される材料を含む請求項12に記載の方法。
- さらに、単結晶シリコンドナー基板のドナー誘電体層と、単結晶シリコンハンドル基板の表面上のリフロー可能な絶縁層を含むハンドル誘電体層との間の接着を強化するのに十分な温度および時間で、接着構造をアニールする工程を含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- アニール工程は、約300℃から約700℃の温度で行われる請求項14に記載の方法。
- アニール工程は、約0.5MPaから約200MPaの圧力で行われる請求項14に記載の方法。
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