JP6963349B2 - 金属ナノ粒子分散物 - Google Patents
金属ナノ粒子分散物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6963349B2 JP6963349B2 JP2017530137A JP2017530137A JP6963349B2 JP 6963349 B2 JP6963349 B2 JP 6963349B2 JP 2017530137 A JP2017530137 A JP 2017530137A JP 2017530137 A JP2017530137 A JP 2017530137A JP 6963349 B2 JP6963349 B2 JP 6963349B2
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- Prior art keywords
- dispersion
- silver
- metal
- weight
- agink
- Prior art date
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- QCDWFXQBSFUVSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenoxyethanol Chemical compound OCCOC1=CC=CC=C1 QCDWFXQBSFUVSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
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- ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound COCC(C)O ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GGZHVNZHFYCSEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Phenyl-5-mercaptotetrazole Chemical compound SC1=NN=NN1C1=CC=CC=C1 GGZHVNZHFYCSEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetone alcohol Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
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- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 16
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- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
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- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 11
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- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 10
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
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- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical class ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000002373 5 membered heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical group N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
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- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/52—Electrically conductive inks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/054—Nanosized particles
- B22F1/0545—Dispersions or suspensions of nanosized particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/07—Metallic powder characterised by particles having a nanoscale microstructure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
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Description
derivative)により、または様々な還元剤の存在下における金属塩の現位置(in−situ)還元により、水中または有機溶媒中で実施されることができる。このような方法は例えば、特許文献1〜17に開示されている(特許文献1〜17参照)。
在するすべての成分と相容性のポリマー鎖をもつ。
定義
本明細書に使用される用語のポリマー支持体およびポリマー箔(foil)は、1枚以上の接着層(adhesion layers)、例えば下塗り層(subbing layers)を伴うことができる自立性の(self−supporting)ポリマー基材のシートを意味する。支持体および箔は通常、押し出し成形(extrusion)により製造される。
である。
本発明に従う金属ナノ粒子分散物は、金属ナノ粒子、液体キャリアおよび分散安定化合物(DSC)を含む。金属ナノ粒子分散物は更に、ポリマー分散剤および、その特性を更に最適化するための添加剤(additives)を含むことができる。
本発明に従う金属ナノ粒子分散物は金属ナノ粒子および液体キャリアを含み、該分散物が更に、式I、II、IIIまたはIV、
Qは置換もしくは未置換の、5もしくは6員の複素環式芳香環を形成するために必要な原子を表わし、
Mはプロトン、一価のカチオン基およびアシル基よりなる群から選択され、
R1およびR2は水素、置換もしくは未置換アルキル基、置換もしくは未置換アルケニル基、置換もしくは未置換アルキニル基、置換もしくは未置換アルカリール基、置換もしくは未置換アラルキル基、置換もしくは未置換アリールもしくはヘテロアリール基、ヒドロキシル基、チオエーテル、エーテル、エステル、アミド、アミン、ハロゲン、ケトンおよびアルデヒドよりなる群から独立して選択され、
R1およびR2は5〜7員環を形成するために必要な原子を表わすことができ、
R3〜R5は水素、置換もしくは未置換アルキル基、置換もしくは未置換アルケニル基、置換もしくは未置換アルキニル基、置換もしくは未置換アルカリール基、置換もしくは未置換アラルキル基、置換もしくは未置換アリールもしくはヘテロアリール基、ヒドロキシル基、チオール、チオエーテル、スルホン、スルホキシド、エーテル、エステル、アミド、アミン、ハロゲン、ケトン、アルデヒド、ニトリルおよびニトロ基よりなる群から独立して選択され、
R4およびR5は5〜7員環を形成するために必要な原子を表わすことができる]
に従う分散安定化合物(DSC)を含むことを特徴とする。
本発明の金属ナノ粒子分散物は金属ナノ粒子を含む。
金属ナノ粒子分散物はポリマー分散剤を含むことができる。
金属ナノ粒子分散物は液体キャリアを含む。
前記の金属ナノ粒子分散物に、塗工または印刷特性を最適化するために、そして更に、それがそのために使用される適用に応じて、還元剤、湿潤剤(wetting)/均染剤(levelling agents)、脱湿潤剤(dewetting agent)、レオロジー修飾剤、接着剤(adhesion agents)、粘性付与剤、湿潤剤(humectants)、噴射剤、硬化剤、殺生物剤(biocides)または抗酸化剤のような添加剤を添加することができる。
に従う化合物を含む金属ナノ粒子分散物を使用する時にも得ることができる。
本発明に従う金属ナノ粒子分散物の調製は典型的には、撹拌、高剪断混合、超音速処理またはそれらの組み合わせのような均質化法(homogenization technique)を使用することにより、液体キャリア、分散安定化合物および場合による添加剤の、金属ナノ粒子への添加を含む。
rate)で測定されて35mPa.s未満の、好適には28mPa.s未満の、そして最も好適には2〜25mPa.s間の粘度を有する。
金属ナノ粒子分散物から印刷または塗工される薄層またはパターンは、従来の金属印刷または塗工流体を使用して得られるものに比較して、より低い焼結温度において導電性にされることができる。従って、本発明の金属印刷または塗工流体から製造される導電薄層またはパターンは、例えばPETのような、高温における熱処理に耐えることができない柔軟な支持体上に塗工または印刷されることができる。
エステルまたは(メタ)アクリレート基材である。
インクジェット印刷により本発明に従う金属ナノ粒子分散物から導電層または導体パターンを形成するための装置の様々な態様を使用することができる。
ば、支持体の波状形または支持体表面の他の不整形のために支持体全体にわたりばらつく可能性がある。従って、支持体の表面の形態を測定し、そして支持体上の硬化性液の小滴のいわゆる射撃持続時間(firing time)を調整することにより、またはプリントヘッドと支持体の表面間の距離を調整することにより、測定された表面の形態の相異(differences)を補うことが有益である可能性がある。平版印刷の支持体の表面の形態を測定するための測定装置の例はISO 12635:2008(E)に開示されている。
インクジェット印刷システムに好適なプリントヘッドは圧電ヘッドである。圧電インクジェット印刷は、電圧がそれにかかる時の、圧電セラミック変換器の動き(movement)に基づく。電圧の適用はプリントヘッド内の圧電セラミック変換器の形状を変化させて、空隙(void)を形成し、次にそれがインクで充填される。電圧が再度除かれると、セラミックは元の形状に膨張して、プリントヘッドから1滴のインクを射出する。しかし本発明に従うインクジェット印刷法は圧電インクジェット印刷に限定はされない。他のインクジェットプリントヘッドを使用することができ、連続印刷タイプのような様々なタイプを含むことができる。
層またはパターンが支持体上に適用される後に、硬化工程(curing step)とも呼ばれる焼結工程(sintering step)が実施される。この焼結工程中に、溶媒は蒸発し、金属粒子は一緒に焼結する。金属粒子間に一旦連続的浸透回路網(percolating network)網目が形成されると、層またはパターンが導電性になる。従来の焼結は典型的には、熱を適用することにより実施される。焼結温度および時間は、使用される支持体および金属層またはパターンの組成に左右される。金属層を硬化するための焼結工程は250℃未満、好適には200℃未満、より好適には180℃未満、最も好適には160℃未満の温度で実施されることができる。
は2〜30分の間、そしてより好適には3〜20分の間であることができる。
本発明に従う金属ナノ粒子はあらゆる調製法により調製されることができる。
− 分散工程であって、金属粒子または金属前駆体粒子がそこで、式V、
RaおよびRbは場合により置換されていてもよいアルキル基を表わし、そして
RaおよびRbは環を形成することができる]
に従う溶媒を含む分散媒中に分散される工程、
− 水を含む洗浄液を使用する洗浄工程であって、式Vに従う溶媒がそこで実質的に除去される、工程、並びに
− 蒸発工程であって、水がそこで実質的に除去される工程:
を含み、
該蒸発工程が、高沸点溶媒および前記の式I〜IVに従う分散安定化合物の存在下で実施されることを特徴とする。
に従う溶媒を含む。
ウムアマルガム、原子水素またはリンドラー(Lindlar)触媒、の群から選択されることができる。
を含むことができる。このような濃厚化は、例えば、限外瀘過法、溶媒の蒸発、非溶媒中の完全なもしくは不完全な沈殿(precipitation)または沈降(sedimentation)、遠心分離または限外遠心分離、あるいはそれらの組み合わせ物を含む。「濃厚化工程」後に、金属ナノ粒子分散物は25重量%を超える、好適には35重量%を超える、より好適には45重量%を超える金属ナノ粒子を含むことができる。
以下の実施例中に使用されたすべての材料は、別記されない限りALDRICH CHEMICAL Co.(ベルギー)およびACROS(ベルギー)のような標準製造元から容易に入手可能であった。使用された水は脱イオン水であった。
銀被膜の導電率
銀被膜の表面抵抗(SER)は、四点の同一線上(collinear)プローブを使用して測定した。表面またはシート抵抗は以下の式:
SER = (π/ln2)*(V/I)
[式中、
SERは(Ω/ で表される層の表面抵抗である;
πはほぼ3.14に等しい数学の定数である;
ln2はほぼ0.693に等しい、値2の自然対数に等しい数学の定数である;
Vは四点プローブ測定装置の電圧計により測定された電圧である;
Iは四点プローブ測定装置により測定される供給源の電流である]
により計算された。
を使用して、銀のバルクの導電性の百分率として導電率を計算することにより決定した。
安定性は、インクまたは被膜配合物の保管寿命(shelf life)を決定する、長期間にわたり安定である能力並びに/あるいは、特定の付着技術(deposition technology)により使用されそして/または、調製直後の(freshly prepared)対照に比較して、使用後に同一の特性をもつ能力、を表わす。
中の垂直位に応じて光学的吸収に相異を示すことにより、垂直沈降により不安定性を示す。
GmbHからのLumisizer(登録商標)である。サンプルは880nmの光線を使用して3000rpmで24時間にわたり測定された。Lumisizer(登録商標)により提供される安定性指数(stability index)は、不安定性が0〜1に増加する場合の0と1間の範囲にある。
20.0gの酸化銀(Umicoreからの)を40.0gのエタノールおよび23.0gの2−ピロリドンの混合物に、撹拌しながら添加した。次に該前駆分散物を24時間撹拌した。
NPD−02およびNPD−03を前記のNPD−01に記載の通りに調製した。しかし、ギ酸を添加する前に、0.09g(NPD−02)および0.18gのDSC−02をそれぞれ、24時間撹拌された前駆分散物に添加した。
銀インクAgInk−01〜AgInk−03を、50重量%のNPD−01〜NPD−03それぞれを、25重量%の2−フェノキシエタノールおよび25重量%のガンマ−ブチロ−ラクトンと混合することにより調製した。
次に、銀インクAgInk−01〜AgInk−05をポリエステル支持体上に被覆し(ブレードコーター、被膜厚さは10μmであった)、150℃で30分間硬化した。
NPD−04は前記のNPD−01の通りに調製された。
NPD−05およびNPD−06を前記のNPD−01に記載の通りに調製した。しかし、ギ酸を添加する前に、0.10g(NPD−05)および0.20g(NPD−06)のDSC−02それぞれを、24時間撹拌された前駆分散物に添加した。
銀インクAgInk−06〜AgInk−08を、50重量%のNPD−04〜NPD−06それぞれを25重量%の2−フェノキシエタノールおよび25重量%のガンマ−ブチロ−ラクトンと混合することにより調製した。
次に、銀インクAgInk−06〜AgInk−08を、ポリエステル支持体上に被覆し(ブレードコーター、被膜厚さは10μmであった)、150℃で30分間硬化した。
NPD−07は前記のNPD−01の通りに調製された。
NPD−08〜NPD−17を前記のNPD−01に対して記載の通りに調製した。しかし、ギ酸を添加する前に、表3に示された通りの量の分散安定化合物(銀の総量に対する重量%のDSCとして表わされた、重量%DSC/Ag)を24時間撹拌された前駆分散物に添加した。
銀インクAgInk−09〜AgInk−19を、50重量%のNPD−07〜NPD−17それぞれを、25重量%の2−フェノキシエタノール、25重量%のガンマ−ブチロ−ラクトンおよび0.04重量%の、2−ピロリドン中ビニルホスホン酸の5.0重量%溶液、と混合することにより調製した。
導電銀被膜SC−09〜SC−19を、銀インクAgInk−09〜AgInk−19をポリエステル支持体上に被覆することにより(ブレードコーター、被膜厚さは10μmであった)得て、150℃で30分間硬化した。導電銀被膜SC−20〜SC−30を、銀インクAgInk−09〜AgInk−19を、表3に示された組成をもつ下塗りを提供されたポリエステル支持体上に被覆することにより(ブレードコーター、被膜厚さは10μmであった)得て、150℃で30分間硬化した(導電銀被膜は下塗り上に提供される)。
銀ナノ粒子分散物NPD−18〜NPD−25は、表5の、2−ピロリドン、エタノール、酸化銀、ギ酸およびDSC−01の量を使用して、NPD−01およびNPD−02に対して記載の通りに調製された。
銀インクAgInk−20〜AgInk−27を、32重量%の2−フェノキシエタノールおよび32重量%のガンマ−ブチロ−ラクトンと、50重量%のNPD−18〜NPD−25それぞれを混合することにより調製した。
導電銀被膜SC−31〜SC−44を、前記の下塗りポリエステル支持体上に銀インクAgInk−20〜AgInk−27を被覆(ブレードコーター、被膜厚さは10μmであった)することにより得て、表6に示されたように硬化した。
量%として表わされる銀の量に対する量であることが明白である。
100.0gの酸化銀(Umicoreからの)を450.0gのエタノールおよび115.0gの2−ピロリドンの混合物に、撹拌しながら添加した。次に前駆分散物を23℃で8時間撹拌した。
銀インクAgInk−28〜AgInk−35を22.3重量%の銀沈殿ペーストを77.0重量%の表7に示した溶媒と混合することにより調製した。
、そして銀インクジェットインクを配合するために他の液体キャリアを使用することが好都合である。
37.9gの酸化銀(Umicoreからの)を、329.1gのエタノールおよび164.5gの2−ピロリドンの混合物に、撹拌しながら添加した。次に前駆分散物を23℃で8時間撹拌した。
113.7gの酸化銀(Umicoreから)を1083.8gのエタノールおよび397.0gの2−ピロリドンの混合物に、撹拌しながら添加した。次に前駆分散物を23℃で8時間撹拌した。
最初に17μmのフィルター上で、次に4〜7μmの瀘紙上で瀘過して過剰上澄みを除去した。
450gの酸化銀(Umicoreから)を875gのエタノールおよび517gの2−ピロリドンの混合物に撹拌しながら添加した。次に前駆分散物を23℃で15時間撹拌した。
isizer不安定性合指数として表わした。結果は表10に示される。不安定性指数に基づいてインクAgInk−45〜AgInk−47を最も安定なインクとして選択し、そこで安定な射出が達成される最高の射出周波数(jetting frequency)を決定するために使用した。射出試験は、10pLの公称の小滴容量を伴うDimatix材料印刷機(DMP−2831)および使い捨てカートリッジ(DMC−11610)を使用することにより実施された。結果は表10に示される。更に、幾つかのパターン(pattern)を前記の下塗りポリエステル支持体上にインクジェット印刷し、150℃で30分間硬化した。印刷されたパターンの導電率を前記の通りに測定した。結果は表10に示される。
Claims (5)
- 導電性の被膜またはパターンの調製方法であって、金属ナノ粒子および液体キャリア(carrier)を含む金属ナノ粒子分散物が支持体(support)上に適用され、焼結工程が続き、
前記分散物が更に、非ポリマーの分散安定化合物(DSC)を含むことを特徴とし、
前記分散物が25℃で90s-1の剪断速度において2〜100mPa.sの間の粘度を有し、
前記液体キャリアは有機溶媒であり、
前記分散安定化合物が、N,N−ジブチル−(2,5−ジヒドロ−5−チオキソ−1H−テトラゾール−1−イル−アセタミド、5−ヘプチル−2−メルカプト−1,3,4−オキサジアゾール、1−フェニル−5−メルカプトテトラゾールおよび5−メチル−1,2,4−トリアゾロ−(1,5−a)プリミジン−7−オールよりなる群から選択される、
方法。 - 前記焼結工程は250℃未満の温度で実施される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記焼結工程における焼結時間は60分未満である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記液体キャリアが、2−フェノキシエタノール、4−メチル−1,3−ジオキソラン−2−オン、n−ブタノール、1,2−プロパンジオール、4−ヒドロキシ−4−メチルペンタン−2−オン、ペンタン−3−オン、2−ブトキシ−エタノール、1−メトキシ−2−プロパノールおよびそれらの混合物よりなる群から選択される高沸点溶媒である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記金属ナノ粒子分散物が導電インクジェットインクまたは導電フレキソインクである、請求項1に記載の方法。
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