JP6888874B2 - 移動式走査エリアを使用する付加製造 - Google Patents
移動式走査エリアを使用する付加製造 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/002—Devices involving relative movement between electronbeam and workpiece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0046—Welding
- B23K15/0086—Welding welding for purposes other than joining, e.g. built-up welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/0869—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction
- B23K26/0876—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction in at least two axial directions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
- B23K26/1435—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor involving specially adapted flow control means
- B23K26/1437—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor involving specially adapted flow control means for flow rate control
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- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
- B23K26/342—Build-up welding
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- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/02—Carriages for supporting the welding or cutting element
- B23K37/0211—Carriages for supporting the welding or cutting element travelling on a guide member, e.g. rail, track
- B23K37/0235—Carriages for supporting the welding or cutting element travelling on a guide member, e.g. rail, track the guide member forming part of a portal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
- B29C64/321—Feeding
- B29C64/329—Feeding using hoppers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/32—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber
- B22F10/322—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber of the gas flow, e.g. rate or direction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/40—Structures for supporting workpieces or articles during manufacture and removed afterwards
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/44—Radiation means characterised by the configuration of the radiation means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/49—Scanners
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/52—Hoppers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/70—Gas flow means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Description
本開示は、概して、より大規模なフォーマットにおいて、例えば直接溶融レーザ製造(「DMLM」)によって、付加製造(「AM」)プロセスを行うのに適合した方法及びシステムに関する。
(a)粉末分配器から加工物表面上へ粉末を堆積させることであって、前記粉末分配器が、粉末貯蔵エリアと、少なくとも第1ゲート及び第2ゲートとを含み、前記第1ゲートが、前記第1ゲートを開閉することを可能にする第1作動器によって操作され、前記第2ゲートが、前記第2ゲートを開閉することを可能にする第2作動器によって操作され、各ゲートが、前記粉末貯蔵エリアから前記加工物表面上への粉末の分配を制御する、ことと、
(b)粉末の第1層の少なくとも一部に照射して第1融合層を形成することと、
(c)少なくとも工程(a)〜(b)を繰り返して前記物体を形成することと、
を含む方法。
Claims (13)
- 構築ユニット(400)を有する付加製造装置(300)であって、前記構築ユニット(400)は、
加工物表面の上方に近接して位置決めされ、前記加工物表面に平行な層状ガス流を提供する第1ガスゾーン(404)、
前記第1ガスゾーン(404)の上方に位置決めされ、筐体(418)に含まれる第2ガスゾーン(418)、
粉末分配器(406)であって、粉末貯蔵エリアと、少なくとも第1ゲート(410)及び第2ゲートとを含み、前記第1ゲートが、前記第1ゲート(410)を開閉することを可能にする第1作動器(412)によって操作可能であり、前記第2ゲートが、前記第2ゲートを開閉することを可能にする第2作動器によって作動可能であり、各ゲートが、前記粉末貯蔵エリアから前記加工物表面上への粉末(416)の分配を制御するように適合させたものである、粉末分配器(406)、並びに
前記筐体(418)の上部に位置決めされ、照射放出ビームを前記粉末の層に方向付けるための照射放出方向づけデバイス(401)を含み、
前記構築ユニット(400)は、前記加工物表面上をx方向及びy方向に移動する、付加製造装置(300)。 - 前記構築ユニット(400)が、前記加工物表面にわたって粉末の層を提供するための再塗工機羽根(411)をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 各作動器(412)が電気的又は空気圧式である、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の装置。
- 前記粉末分配器(406)及び各ゲート(410)がコバルト−クロム合金から作製される、請求項1から請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記粉末分配器が、少なくとも10のゲートを含む、請求項1から請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記照射放出方向づけデバイスが、光ファイバケーブルからのレーザ照射を方向づける、請求項1から請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 粉末から物体を作製する方法であって、
(a)粉末分配器、第1ガスゾーン、第2ガスゾーン及び照射放出ビームを前記粉末の層に方向付けるための照射放出方向づけデバイスを含み、前記第2ガスゾーンが筐体内において前記第1ガスゾーンの上方に位置決めされ、前記照射放出方向づけデバイスが前記筐体の上部に位置決めされている構築ユニットを、加工物表面上において移動することと、
(b)前記粉末分配器から前記加工物表面上へ粉末を堆積させることであって、前記粉末分配器が、粉末貯蔵エリアと、少なくとも第1ゲート及び第2ゲートとを含み、前記第1ゲートが、前記第1ゲートを開閉することを可能にする第1作動器によって操作され、前記第2ゲートが、前記第2ゲートを開閉することを可能にする第2作動器によって操作され、各ゲートが、前記粉末貯蔵エリアから前記加工物表面上への粉末の分配を制御する、ことと、
(c)前記第1ガスゾーン内に前記加工物表面に平行な層状ガス流を提供することと、
(d)前記第2ガスゾーン内にガス流を提供することと、
(e)前記照射放出ビームにより粉末の第1層の少なくとも一部を照射して第1融合層を形成することと、
(f)少なくとも工程(a)〜(e)を繰り返して前記物体を形成することと、
を含む方法。 - 粉末を前記加工物表面上へ選択的に堆積させるために前記第2ゲートを閉じたままにすると共に前記第1ゲートを開く工程をさらに含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 粉末の前記第1層の少なくとも一部を照射して、前記物体のまわりの非融合粉末を保持する構築エンベロープの部分を形成し、次いで、前記第2ゲートを閉めて前記構築エンベロープの外側に粉末を堆積させることを回避すると共に前記第1ゲートを開いて前記構築エンベロープの中で粉末を堆積させることと、をさらに含み、
前記構築エンベロープの部分を形成すること及び前記粉末を堆積させることを繰り返す、請求項7又は請求項8に記載の方法。 - 前記粉末がコバルト−クロム合金であり、且つ、前記粉末に接触する、前記粉末分配器及びゲートの各表面がコバルト−クロム合金から作製される、請求項7から請求項9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 各ゲートが、作動器の力に対抗する前記粉末分配器に装着されたばねに取り付けられる、請求項7から請求項10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 各作動器が電気的又は空気圧式である、請求項7から請求項11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記粉末分配器が、少なくとも10のゲートを含む、請求項7から請求項12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US15/406,461 US10478893B1 (en) | 2017-01-13 | 2017-01-13 | Additive manufacturing using a selective recoater |
US15/406,461 | 2017-01-13 | ||
PCT/US2017/066915 WO2018132217A1 (en) | 2017-01-13 | 2017-12-18 | Additive manufacturing using a selective recoater |
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JP2020505509A JP2020505509A (ja) | 2020-02-20 |
JP6888874B2 true JP6888874B2 (ja) | 2021-06-16 |
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US (2) | US10478893B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3568248A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6888874B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN110167697B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2018132217A1 (ja) |
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US11117320B2 (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2021-09-14 | General Electric Company | Airflow control for additive manufacturing |
US11065815B2 (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2021-07-20 | General Electric Company | Powder dispensing assembly for an additive manufacturing machine |
JP6545411B1 (ja) * | 2019-02-13 | 2019-07-17 | 株式会社松浦機械製作所 | 三次元造形物の造形方法 |
NL2028266B1 (en) | 2021-05-20 | 2022-12-06 | Space Xyz Ip B V | Additive manufacturing method and apparatus |
CN114433879B (zh) * | 2022-01-28 | 2024-01-26 | 天津镭明激光科技有限公司 | 一种具有飞行模块的超大型3d金属打印设备 |
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