JP6882195B2 - 遅効性ゲル化触媒組成物、ならびにポリウレタンポリマーの製造方法 - Google Patents
遅効性ゲル化触媒組成物、ならびにポリウレタンポリマーの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6882195B2 JP6882195B2 JP2017557400A JP2017557400A JP6882195B2 JP 6882195 B2 JP6882195 B2 JP 6882195B2 JP 2017557400 A JP2017557400 A JP 2017557400A JP 2017557400 A JP2017557400 A JP 2017557400A JP 6882195 B2 JP6882195 B2 JP 6882195B2
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Description
本発明は、以下のような組成物およびプロセスを提供することによって、従来の実践に係る問題を解決する:a)フォーム製造者が少なくとも1つのイソシアネート反応性基を有するアミン触媒を使用する際に、軟質に成形されたフォーム中でより多くのTDIを使用することを可能にする組成物およびプロセス;b)本発明の遅効性ゲル化触媒の使用を除いて、大きな処理条件の修正を必要としない組成物およびプロセス;c)広範囲の調製物の最適化を必要としない組成物およびプロセス;d)組成物の遅効性特性を理由に作業屑を削減する組成物およびプロセス;e)取り扱いが容易な化学薬品を使用する組成物およびプロセス;f)周囲環境で、および後の湿潤老化で測定した物理的特性が優れている最終製品を製造した組成物およびプロセス;g)エラストマー材料を製造するために触媒を使用する際に、ポリウレタンポリマーの硬化を改善する組成物およびプロセス、h)他の利点のなかでも、鋳型による生産性を犠牲にしないという利点が追加された高品質のエラストマー材料を提供する組成物およびプロセス。
本発明は、本発明の遅効性ゲル化触媒組成物を使用することによってポリウレタン材料を製造するための組成物および方法に関する。また、本発明は、非漏出性第三級アミン触媒の性能を改善するための本発明の遅効性触媒組成物に関し、よって、フォーム製品は、周囲環境後および高温湿潤老化後に、改善された特性を有する。本発明の遅効性触媒の使用は例えば、ポリウレタン軟質成形フォームのフォーム湿潤老化による劣化を最小限に抑えることができ、それにより、発泡製品が、鍵となる物理的特性(例えばVolkswagen法PV3410に従って測定された特性)を維持することが可能になる。
軟質ポリウレタンは、有機イソシアネート化合物とポリオールヒドロキシル基との重合反応から製造される。本発明における使用に適したポリオールは、ポリエーテルポリオールを含む。ポリエーテルポリオールは、ポリ(アルキレンオキシド)ポリマー、例えばポリ(エチレンオキシド)ポリマーおよびポリ(プロピレンオキシド)ポリマー、ならびに多価化合物(これは、ジオールおよびトリオール、例えばエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、1,3−ブタンジオール、1,4−ブタンジオール、1,6−ヘキサンジオール、ネオペンチルグリコール、ジエチレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、ペンタエリスリトール、グリセロール、ジグリセロール、トリメチロールプロパンおよび類似した低分子量ポリオールを含む)から誘導された末端ヒドロキシル基を有するコポリマーを含む。
ポリウレタンフォームは、イソシアネートと発泡剤との反応から製造され、重合の間に、ポリウレタンマトリックス中で空隙を発生させる。発泡剤は例えば、発熱重合反応の間に気化する低沸点の不活性化合物を含む。一般的に、そのような発泡剤は、重合反応の間には分解または反応しない不活性化合物である。一般的に、反応の発熱は、発泡剤を気化させるのに十分であり、それからこの発泡剤は、ポリウレタンマトリックス中に捕捉され、空隙または気泡の形成をもたらす。発泡剤の気化を促進するために、任意で、さらなる熱を反応の間に加えることができる。そのような発泡剤の例は、クロロフルオロカーボン、水素含有フルオロカーボン、水素含有クロロフルオロカーボン、水素含有クロロフルオロオレフィン、水素含有フルオロオレフィン、クロロフルオロオレフィン、クロロオレフィン、フルオロオレフィン、アセトンおよび低沸点炭化水素、例えばシクロペンタン、イソペンタン、n−ペンタンおよびこれらの混合物を含むが、これらに限定されることはない。その他の適切な発泡剤は、イソシアネート化合物と反応して気体を発生させる化合物を含む。この種の最も広く使用されている発泡剤は水であり、水はイソシアネートと反応して二酸化炭素を発生させる。気体が発生すると、これはポリウレタンマトリックス中に閉じ込められ、空隙または気泡を形成する。適切な量は、約0pphp〜約80pphp、約0〜約60pphp、約0pphp〜約10pphp、約0pphp〜約5pphp、または任意の適切な組み合わせ、部分的組み合わせ、これらの間の範囲もしくは部分範囲を含むが、これらに限定されることはない。水発泡性である実施形態では、イソシアネート成分が反応し、それにより二酸化炭素を形成する。
一態様において、本発明は、少なくとも1つのイソシアネート化合物、少なくとも1つのポリオール化合物、少なくとも1つの発泡剤、少なくとも1つの第三級アミン触媒組成物、少なくとも1つの遅効性ゲル化触媒、および任意で少なくとも1つの補助成分を反応させる工程を含む、ポリウレタンフォームを製造する方法を包含する。別の態様において、本発明は、少なくとも1つのイソシアネート化合物と、少なくとも1つの活性水素含有化合物と、任意で少なくとも1つの補助成分との間の反応を触媒するための方法を提供する。
本発明に従って製造されるポリウレタン材料は、当技術分野に記載されるように、任意の適切な有機イソシアネート化合物と任意の適切なポリオール化合物との反応によって製造される。有機イソシアネート化合物は、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート(HDI)、フェニレンジイソシアネート(PDI)、トルエンジイソシアネート(TDI)および4,4’−ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)を含むが、これらに限定されることはない。本発明の一態様において、ポリウレタンフォームを製造するために、2,4−TDI、2,6−TDIまたはこれらの任意の混合物が使用される。その他の適切なイソシアネート化合物は、市販で「粗MDI」として知られ、Dow Chemical CompanyによりPAPIという商品名で販売されているジイソシアネートの混合物であり、これは、約60%の4,4’−ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネートをその他の異性体および類似体である高級ポリイソシアネートと一緒に含有する。これらのイソシアネート化合物の「プレポリマー」も適切であり、これは、部分的に予め反応させた、ポリイソシアネートとポリエーテルポリオールまたはポリエステルポリオールとの混合物を含む。
反応性第三級アミン触媒を用いて製造されたフォームと、非反応性第三級アミン触媒を用いて製造されたフォームとの物理的特性の比較。
イソシアネート反応性第三級アミン触媒を用いて製造されたフォームと、イソシアネート反応性第三級アミンをジカルボン酸ジメチルスズ塩と混合して製造したゲル化触媒を用いて製造されたフォームとの物理的特性の比較。
イソシアネート反応性第三級アミンとジカルボン酸ジメチルスズ塩とをカルボン酸の存在下で混合して製造したゲル化触媒を用いて製造したフォームの物理的特性。
第三級アミン触媒を用いて製造したフォームと、第三級アミンをジカルボン酸ジメチルスズ塩と有機ジカルボン酸の存在下で混合すると製造されるゲル化触媒を用いて製造したフォームとの物理的特性の比較。
ジメチルスズ化合物と併せた第三級アミンカルボン酸錯体を用いて製造したエラストマー状ポリウレタンポリマーの硬化プロファイルの比較。
Claims (7)
- i)少なくとも1つのジカルボン酸ジメチルスズ塩、ii)少なくとも1つのゲル化第三級アミン触媒、およびiii)少なくとも1つの有機カルボン酸の組み合わせを含む、ポリウレタンポリマーを製造するための触媒組成物であって、
前記少なくとも1つのジカルボン酸ジメチルスズ塩が、ジメチルスズジアセテート、ジメチルスズジプロピオネート、ジメチルスズジブタノエート、ジメチルスズジペンタノエート、ジメチルスズジヘキサノエート、ジメチルスズジヘプタノエート、ジメチルスズジオクタノエート、ジメチルスズジノナノエート、ジメチルスズジデカノエート、ジメチルスズジウンデカノエート、ジメチルスズジラウレート、ジメチルスズジミリステート、ジメチルスズジパルミテート、ジメチルスズジステアレート、ジメチルスズジオレエート、ジメチルスズジネオペンタノエート、ジメチルスズジネオヘキサノエート、ジメチルスズジネオヘプタノエート、ジメチルスズジネオオクタノエート、ジメチルスズジネオノナノエート、ジメチルスズジネオデカノエート、ジメチルスズジネオウンデカノエート、ジメチルスズジネオドデカノエート、ジメチルスズジネオテトラデカノエート、ジメチルスズジネオヘキサデカノエート、ジメチルスズジネオオクタデカノエートおよびこれらの混合物からなる群から選択され、かつ
前記少なくとも1つの有機カルボン酸が、フタル酸−モノ−2−ヒドロキシエチルエステル、フタル酸−モノ−2−ヒドロキシエチルオキシエチルエステル、フタル酸−モノ−2−ヒドロキシエチル−ポリ(エチレンオキシド)エステル、フタル酸−モノ−2−ヒドロキシプロピルエステル、フタル酸−モノ−2−ヒドロキシプロピルオキシプロピルエステル、フタル酸−モノ−2−ヒドロキシプロピル−ポリ(プロピレンオキシド)エステルおよびこれらの組み合わせから成る群より選択される、前記触媒組成物。 - 少なくとも1つのゲル化第三級アミン触媒が、少なくとも1つのイソシアネート反応性基を有する、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 少なくとも1つの発泡触媒をさらに含む、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 少なくとも1つのポリオールと少なくとも1つのイソシアネートとを、請求項1記載の触媒が存在する間に接触させる工程を含む、ポリウレタンポリマーの製造方法。
- 少なくとも1つの発泡触媒および少なくとも1つの発泡剤の存在下で接触させ、それによりポリウレタンフォームを形成する工程をさらに含む、請求項4記載の方法。
- 請求項4記載の方法に従って製造されるポリウレタンポリマー。
- 請求項5記載の方法に従って製造されるポリウレタンフォーム。
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CN111732707B (zh) * | 2020-07-07 | 2022-07-12 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 一种大分子单体稳定剂及其制备方法和应用 |
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WO2016178793A1 (en) | 2016-11-10 |
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US10081700B2 (en) | 2018-09-25 |
JP2018514625A (ja) | 2018-06-07 |
PL3292162T3 (pl) | 2021-06-14 |
KR102621939B1 (ko) | 2024-01-05 |
CA2983681A1 (en) | 2016-11-10 |
EP3292162A1 (en) | 2018-03-14 |
CN107567469A (zh) | 2018-01-09 |
EP3292162B1 (en) | 2021-01-20 |
US20190016844A1 (en) | 2019-01-17 |
US10988566B2 (en) | 2021-04-27 |
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CA2983681C (en) | 2023-09-05 |
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