JP6863445B2 - Grain dryer - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a grain dryer that dries grains with hot air.

Conventionally, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1, a configuration is disclosed in which a plurality of heating heaters are arranged along the longitudinal direction in a storage portion of a grain dryer provided with a combustion burner.

Heating with a heater before drying with a combustion burner in a hot air chamber is effective in promoting drying.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-3343062

In the configuration in which the heater is provided in the storage chamber, since it is provided in the filled grain, it is necessary to cover the periphery with a heat-resistant member (covering cylinder 2a) as in the conventional case, and the weight of the grain is increased. It also needs to be strong enough to withstand. In addition, the heating effect is difficult to be transmitted only to the grains around the heater.

An object of the present invention is to provide a heater for heating that can solve the above problems.

The present invention has taken the following technical measures to solve the above problems.

That is, the present invention according to claim 1
A storage chamber (1) for storing grains, a drying chamber (2) for drying by the heat of a combustion burner (17), and a non-combustion heating member (31) for heating the grains to be transported are provided.
During normal drying operation, the heating rate of the heating member is changed and adjusted by setting the drying speed.
During the feed rice drying operation, the heating member (31) is turned on to the target moisture value to continue heating.
After the combustion burner (17) is stopped, the exhaust fan (5) and the circulation mechanism (J) are driven for a set time in a pause-drying transition step, and after the pause-drying transition step, the exhaust fan 5 and the circulation mechanism J are stopped. It is characterized in that the heating member (31) is turned on during the step of transition to the dormant drying, and the heating member (31) is turned off when the dormant drying is started.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the drying efficiency of grains can be improved by adjusting the heating member according to the drying rate during the normal drying operation. At the time of feed rice, the heating member can be turned on to the target moisture value to continue heating, and the drying time can be shortened.

In addition, the heating member is kept ON during the transition to pause drying, but if the heating member is configured to be turned OFF during pause drying, the heating to the grain is optimized and the grain preparation effect is improved. it is possible.

Perspective view of grain dryer Side view of the inside of the grain dryer Front view of the inside of the grain dryer An exploded perspective view of the main part of the grain dryer Side view showing the operation panel of the grain dryer Cross-sectional view when a moisture meter is installed in the elevator Perspective view of the main part of the grain dryer Same as above Front view of the main part Same as above, perspective view of the main part ON of the heating member. Shows a list of OFF operations Top perspective view of the grain dryer

Examples of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

A storage chamber 1 for storing grains and a drying chamber 2 for drying grains are provided in the box body H. The drying chamber 2 is provided with a hot air chamber 3 through which hot air from the combustion burner 17 passes, a flow passage 4 through which hot air and grains pass, and an exhaust chamber 6 in which hot air passing through the flow passage 4 is sucked by an exhaust fan 5. ing.

A rotary valve 7 for feeding out the grains in the drying chamber 2 is provided in the lower part of the drying chamber 2, and a lower transport spiral 8 for transferring the grains to the front side is provided below the rotary valve 7. On the front side of the box body H, a bucket 9a type elevator 9 for raising grains is provided. An upper transport racen 10 provided with a transport gutter 10a for transferring the grain fried by the elevator 9 to the storage chamber 1 is provided above the box body H.

A diffusion blade 15 for diffusing grains into the storage chamber 1 is provided on the transfer end side of the upper transfer spiral.

The embodiment of the present embodiment is a circulation type grain dryer that circulates grains by driving a lower transport spiral, an elevator 9, an upper transport spiral 10, a diffusion blade 15, and a rotary valve 7. The members for making the members are collectively called the circulation mechanism J.

The elevator 9 is provided with a moisture meter 11 for accommodating grains from the bucket 9a and measuring the moisture value. The moisture meter 11 is crushed by a pair of crushing rolls 11a to measure the moisture content.

Weigh scales 12 are provided at the bottom of the box body H, and the weight scales 12 are provided at the four corners of the box body H so that the weight of the stuffed grain can be detected. Specifically, for example, a load cell is used.

An operation panel 13 having a built-in control unit is provided on the front side of the box body H. The operation panel 13 includes a tension switch 20 for performing a tensioning operation for transferring the grain stuck in the tensioning hopper 14 to which the elevator 9 is attached to the storage chamber 1 by the elevator 9 and the upper transport spiral 10 and an exhaust fan. A ventilation switch 21 for driving the circulation mechanism to perform circulation operation while ventilating the grain, and a drying switch 22 for driving the combustion burner 17, the exhaust fan 5, and the circulation mechanism to perform the grain drying operation. After the drying operation is completed, the circulation mechanism is driven, and the discharge switch 23 for performing the discharge operation of switching the discharge shutter 16 at the upper part of the elevator 9 to the discharge side and discharging the stuffed grain to the outside of the machine is provided.

Further, a stop switch 24 for stopping the tensioning operation, the ventilation operation, the drying operation, and the discharging operation is provided.

Further, a target moisture setting switch 25 for setting a target moisture value, a drying speed switch 26 for setting an operating speed, and a grain variety setting switch 27 for setting a grain variety are provided on the screen 28. A set moisture value adjustment switch for changing the set moisture value for switching from the drying operation by the weigh scale 12 to the drying operation by the moisture meter 11 is provided.

Further, the screen 28 is configured to be switchable between a screen for setting the drying operation conditions such as the target moisture value and a screen for displaying various information during the drying operation.

In addition, an indicator-type indicator 29 that alternately displays the hot air temperature, the moisture value, and the remaining drying operation time, which are particularly required to be displayed during the drying operation, can be provided.

The transport gutter 10a of the upper transport spiral 10 is provided with a heating member (heater, microwave, etc.) 31 for heating grains in the transport process.

In the embodiment, a heater is used as the heating member 31. The heating member 31 is attached to a heating support member 32 that can be opened and closed (or detachable) with respect to the transport gutter 10a. The heating support member 32 is formed in a box shape that opens downward, and a heat insulating material 33 is provided between the heating support member 32 and the heat source portion to block heat, and is attached to the upper surface of the transport gutter 10a. It is configured to be openable and closable via a hinge 34.

On the opposite side of the hinge 34, a detachment detection device 36 for detecting attachment / detachment (opening / closing) of the heating member (heating support member) is provided, and the attachment / detachment detection result prevents forgetting to attach after inspection and maintenance. It is possible to ensure safety.

Then, when the heating support member 32 is opened, the opening 35 is provided so that the upper portion of the transport gutter 10a opens. Therefore, maintenance inside the transport gutter 10a can be easily performed from the opening 36.

If the temperature detecting device 37 is provided in the vicinity of the heating member 31 or the upper transport racen 10, the operating state of the heating member can be monitored, and a failure diagnosis of the heating member can be ensured. Further, in such a configuration, if the temperature detection value does not rise by a predetermined value (for example, 5 ° C.) from the non-operation (OFF) even if the heating member is operated (ON), the abnormality notification and the abnormality treatment shall be performed. Can be done. In addition, when the hot air temperature is lowered and adjusted by detecting the upper limit of the grain temperature during drying, after that, by shortening the ON time of the heating member or turning it all off, excessive heating of the grain is performed. Can be suppressed and deterioration of grain quality can be prevented.

Further, the heating member 31 in the heating support member 32 may have one heating member inside, or may have two heating members 31a and 31b inside the front and rear (the heating member 31a and 31b). (See FIG. 10).

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the heating support member 32 is divided into two front and rear parts so that the front and rear parts can be opened and closed separately, and the heating member is also housed separately. When the type of grain is soybean, an opening / closing shutter 10c is provided at the bottom of the transport gutter 10a, and the circulation operation is performed with the opening / closing shutter 10c open. That is, soybeans are dropped directly from the elevator 9 into the storage chamber 1. In this case, the heating member 31a of the heating support member 32a (only the front heating member is turned ON / OFF, and the heating member 31b (rear heating member) is always OFF to heat the beans in the dropping range. Energy saving can be achieved by turning on only the heating member.

The heating member 31 is turned on during the filling operation into the storage chamber 1, and is turned off when the end of the filling grain is detected. According to this, it is possible to reduce the stuffiness of the grain in the storage chamber by turning on the heating member to heat the moist grain during the filling operation.

Further, at the start of the tensioning operation, the heating member is turned on as described above, but the elevator load current is turned off after a predetermined time elapses after the elevator load current is below a predetermined value (for example, 50%) or the grain detection by the moisture meter 11 is stopped. It can also be configured to be.

It should be noted that the energy saving effect can be enhanced by turning off the heating member 31 so as not to turn it on during the discharge operation.

Further, it is desirable to turn off the heating member after the tensioning operation, after the drying operation is completed, or during the ventilation operation in the muratri drying. In short, the ventilation operation after the filling operation is mainly for reducing the water spots in the grain layer, and it is not necessary to heat the grains.

Further, since the purpose is mainly to lower the grain temperature even in the ventilation operation after the completion of the drying operation, it is not necessary to heat the grains, and the effect of energy saving is great. Further, the ventilation operation in the uneven drying is for the purpose of mixing the grains by eliminating the unevenness of the grain layer in the storage chamber, and when the grain is heated, the unevenness of the grain layer is rather amplified. Therefore, it is necessary to turn off the heating member.

During the transition to dormant drying, the heating member is kept ON, but during dormant drying, if the heating member is configured to be OFF, the heating to the grain can be optimized and the grain tempering effect can be improved. it can. The transition to pause drying refers to a step of driving the exhaust fan 5 and the circulation mechanism J for a set time in order to cool the combustion burner 17 after the combustion burner 17 is stopped. The dormant drying refers to a state in which the exhaust fan 5 and the circulation mechanism J are stopped and the entire machine is stopped.

In a dryer that has a moisture detection device and controls the drying rate based on moisture measurement data, etc., in the case of feed rice drying, the temperature reduction correction by the drying rate is controlled (for example, halved) for other modes. Configure to. Further, by monitoring the grain temperature, in the case of drying feed rice, the temperature reduction correction can be suppressed with respect to other modes. In the case of forage rice drying, it is desirable that the rice can be dried faster than lowering the drying temperature, and thus the above-mentioned example can be satisfied. In short, in the case of feed rice, it is desirable to turn on the heating member to the target moisture value to continue heating and shorten the drying time.

When the filling amount is the minimum filling amount, the other heat source device by the combustion burner 17 repeats ON / OFF control every set time (for example, every hour) to perform the drying operation, but the ON / OFF control has priority. Then, the heating member is turned off. That is, when the amount of filling is small, if the heating of the grain is promoted, there is a concern that the cracking rate of the grain increases, and by suppressing the heating, quality deterioration can be prevented.

During the drying operation, the ON / OFF cycle of the heating member is changed and adjusted by setting the drying speed. For example, when the drying speed setting is "fast", the cycle is shortened (cycle: 40 minutes ON: 20 minutes). , In the case of "normal", the cycle is standard (cycle: 60 minutes ON: 20 minutes), and in the case of "slow", the cycle is long (cycle: 80 minutes ON: 20 minutes). Further, in the case of two stations, the heating rate can be changed by combining the front and rear heating members ON / OFF.

Therefore, according to this example, the drying efficiency of the grain can be improved by changing the ON / OFF cycle of the heating member and adjusting the heating to the grain by setting the drying speed during the drying operation. .. Further, during the paddy / wheat drying operation, the heating member 31 is turned off when the set moisture value (for example, 18%) or less is set, but when the above-mentioned "fast" is set, the heating member 31 is turned on until the target moisture value is reached. You can also.

In addition, FIG. 10 shows the heating member ON. Although the OFF operation list is shown, paddy / wheat drying is usually drying, and when the moisture value is higher than the set moisture value, both the heating members 31a and 31b are turned on for the operation.

1 Storage room 2 Drying room 9 Elevator 10 Upper transport spiral gutter 10a Transport gutter 17 Combustion burner 31 Heating member 32 Heating support member 35 Opening

Claims (1)

A storage chamber (1) for storing grains, a drying chamber (2) for drying by the heat of a combustion burner (17), and a non-combustion heating member (31) for heating the grains to be transported are provided.
During normal drying operation, the heating rate of the heating member is changed and adjusted by setting the drying speed.
During the feed rice drying operation, the heating member (31) is turned on to the target moisture value to continue heating.
After the combustion burner (17) is stopped, the exhaust fan (5) and the circulation mechanism (J) are driven for a set time in a pause-drying transition step, and after the pause-drying transition step, the exhaust fan 5 and the circulation mechanism J are stopped. A grain dryer characterized in that the heating member (31) is turned on during the process of transition to the dormant drying, and the heating member (31) is turned off when the dormant drying is started.

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