JP6724562B2 - Grain dryer - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a grain dryer.

Patent Document 1 describes a grain dryer including a moisture meter and a weight meter.

When this grain dryer detects that the target moisture value has been reached by the moisture meter, the drying operation ends, but during the drying operation, the drying speed is adjusted by the weight meter.

Further, Patent Document 2 describes a grain dryer capable of so-called additional drying in which a drying operation for an additional set time is performed after the normal drying operation is completed.

JP-A-61-213481 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-132659

In the configuration in which the additional drying operation is performed for the set time, there is no choice but to rely on the intuition of the operator, and it may not be possible to perform overdrying or sufficient drying intended by the operator.

An object of the present invention is to perform good follow-up drying.

In order to solve this problem, the invention according to claim 1 is
In a grain dryer equipped with a storage room for loading the grain, a drying room for drying the grain, a weight scale for detecting the weight of the loaded grain, and a moisture meter for detecting the moisture content of the grain,
A target moisture setting means for setting a target moisture value is provided, and when the drying operation is stopped for the additional drying operation after the target moisture value is reached by the drying operation, the weighing scale is used. Dry operation based on
A stake switch (20) for performing a grain squeezing operation, a ventilation switch (21) for performing a circulation operation while ventilating the grain, a drying switch (22) for performing a grain drying operation, and a drying operation end The discharge switch (23) that performs discharge operation to discharge the overloaded grain to the outside later is provided,
During the discharging operation based on the operation of the discharging switch (23), when the moisture meter (11) detects that the sample grain cannot be collected for the set time, it is determined that there is no grain to be discharged, and the discharging operation is automatically stopped.
The stop information of the discharging operation is stored in the control unit (S), and when the stakeout switch (20) is operated in the next stakeout operation, the data of the weighing scale (12) is reset, and the stakeout switch after that is reset. When (20) is operated, the weight data of the weighing scale (12) is added,
Provide a screen (28) that displays various information while driving,
During the stake-in operation, the measurement data by the weight scale (12) is displayed on the screen (28) at a relatively short setting interval,
During the discharging operation, the measurement data by the weight scale (12) is displayed on the screen (28) at a set time interval longer than that of the stake-in operation,
During the drying operation, the display of various information during the drying operation and the display of the measurement data by the weight scale (12) are switched, and the measurement data by the weight scale (12) is displayed on the screen (28) at a set time interval longer than the discharge operation. The grain dryer is characterized in that

Since the additional drying operation is used when the water content is desired to be lowered a little, it is possible to perform highly accurate operation control by performing the operation based on the weight scale.
Further, the weight data can be displayed at an appropriate timing for each of the stake-in operation, the drying operation, and the discharging operation . During the stake-in operation in which the operator needs to see the weight display most frequently, the operator can judge the work process of harvesting such as combine harvester to be performed next, while watching the stake-in weight.

The invention according to claim 2 is
2. The additional drying operation is controlled such that the additional drying operation is stopped when the amount of water corresponding to the difference between the additional moisture target moisture value in the additional drying operation and the moisture value at the end of the drying operation decreases. And grain dryer.

According to the present invention, highly accurate follow-up drying operation can be performed.

Grain dryer perspective view Figure explaining the inside of the grain dryer seen from the side Illustration explaining the inside of the grain dryer viewed from the front Diagram showing circulation mechanism Operation panel diagram Figure explaining the inside of the moisture meter attached to the elevator Graph showing the relationship between water content and drying operation time, and grain weight and drying operation time Figure showing the graph in Figure 7 as a table flowchart Block Diagram

A grain dryer according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

A storage chamber 1 for storing grains and a drying chamber 2 for drying grains are provided in the box H. The drying chamber 2 is provided with a hot air chamber 3 through which hot air from the combustion burner 17 passes, a downflow passage 4 through which hot air and grains pass, and an exhaust air chamber 6 in which the hot air passing through the downflow passage 4 is sucked by an exhaust fan 5.

A rotary valve 7 for feeding the grains in the drying chamber 2 is provided below the drying chamber 2, and a lower spiral 8 for transporting the grains to the front side is provided below the rotary valve 7. A bucket 9a type elevator 9 for lifting grains is provided on the front side of the box H, and an upper spiral 10 for transferring the grains fried by the elevator 9 to the storage chamber 1 is provided on the top of the box H. A diffusion blade for diffusing grains into the storage chamber 1 is provided on the transfer end side of the upper spiral 10. In the present embodiment, the lower helix 8, the elevator 9, the upper helix 10, the diffusion blade 15, and the rotary valve 7 are circulation type grain dryers that circulate grains, and the above-mentioned members for circulation. Are collectively called the circulation mechanism J.

The elevator 9 is provided with a moisture meter 11 that stores the grain crushed from the bucket 9a and measures the moisture value. The moisture meter 11 crushes the grain with a pair of crushing rolls 11a to measure the water content.

A weight scale 12 is provided at the bottom of the box H. The weight scale 12 is provided at each of the four corners of the box H, and is configured to be able to detect the weight of the inlaid grain. Specifically, for example, a load cell is used.

On the front side of the box H, an operation panel 13 having a control section S is provided. On the operation panel 13, a stake switch 20 for performing a stake operation for transferring the grain stuck in the stake hopper 14 to which the elevator 9 is attached to the storage chamber 1 by the elevator 9 and the upper spiral 10, and the exhaust fan 5. And a ventilation switch 21 for driving the circulation mechanism J to perform a circulation operation while ventilating the grain, a drying switch 22 for driving the combustion burner 17, the exhaust fan 5 and the circulation mechanism J to perform a grain drying operation, After the completion of the drying operation, the circulation mechanism J is driven, and an ejection switch 23 for performing an ejection operation for switching the ejection shutter 16 at the upper part of the elevator 9 to the ejection side and ejecting the stuck grain to the outside of the machine is provided.

Further, a stop switch 24 for stopping the stake-in operation, the ventilation operation, the drying operation, and the discharging operation is provided.

Further, a target moisture setting switch 25 for setting a target moisture value, a drying speed setting switch 26 for setting a drying speed, and a grain type setting switch 27 for setting a grain type are provided on the screen 28. Set moisture value adjustment switch 30 for changing the set moisture value for switching from the drying operation by the weight scale 12 to the drying operation by the moisture scale 11.
Further, the screen 28 is configured to be switchable between a screen for setting the drying operation conditions such as the above-mentioned target moisture value and a screen for displaying various information during the drying operation.

In addition, an indicator-type display unit 29 for alternately displaying the hot air temperature, the water content value, and the remaining drying operation time, which are required to be displayed during the drying operation, is provided.

Next, the drying operation will be described.

When the operator sets the drying conditions and turns on the drying switch 22, the combustion burner and the circulation mechanism J start driving, and the grains are exposed to hot air in the drying chamber 2 while circulating, and the drying operation starts.

In the present embodiment, the grain variety is paddy, the target moisture value is 15%, and the drying rate is “fast (drying rate 1.0%/h)”. Then, the amount of the overlaid grain measured by the weight scale 12 is set to 5000 Kg. The moisture value measured by the moisture meter 11 at the start of the drying operation is 25%.

7 and 8 are examples showing the relationship between the weight of grain and the drying operation time, and the relationship between the moisture value and the drying operation time. When the target moisture value, the drying speed, the grain weight, and the moisture value at the start of the drying operation (initial moisture value) are input to the control unit S, the moisture value and the drying operation time reference line as shown in FIG. (A), the reference line (b) of the grain weight and the drying operation time is created, and the drying operation is performed along the reference line. It should be noted that various kinds of data serving as the basis of the reference line are preset in the control unit S as so-called table data.

When the moisture content of the grain is high, the moisture meter 11 has a large variation in the moisture content of the grain, so that the measurement accuracy decreases. Therefore, when the moisture value of the stake grain is equal to or more than the set moisture value at the start of the drying operation, the moisture value data by the moisture meter 11 is displayed on the screen 28 at every set time, but the dry operation of the weighing scale 12 is performed. Based on weight data. When the set moisture value is reached, the variation in grain moisture is reduced and the measurement accuracy of the moisture meter 11 is improved. Therefore, the drying operation is switched to the moisture operation based on the moisture value data from the moisture meter 11. In the present embodiment, the set moisture value is set to 18%.

That is, the drying operation based on the weight data of the weighing scale 12 is performed until the grain reaches 18% (drying control along the reference line (b) is performed). When it reaches 18%, the operation is switched to the drying operation based on the moisture meter 11 (switching to the drying control along the reference line (a)). Then, the drying operation is continued until the target moisture value is reached.

When the target moisture value of 15% is reached, the combustion burner 17 is stopped, and a cooling operation (so-called post-purge) for cooling the combustion burner 17 and the grain by the ventilation operation for a set time (for example, 20 minutes) is performed.

If the operator determines from the state of the grain at the end of the drying operation that he/she wants to further dry, the additional drying operation is performed. In this case, the target moisture value for additional drying (for example, 14%) is set by the target moisture setting switch 25, and the additional drying operation is started when the drying switch 22 is turned on again. In the additional drying operation, the amount of water to be removed is calculated from the difference between the moisture value at the end of the drying operation and the additional moisture target moisture value, and the drying control based on the weight scale 12 is performed. That is, the additional drying operation is stopped when the weight scale 12 detects the target weight (4485 kg in FIG. 8 in the present embodiment). When the drying operation based on the water content meter 11 is performed in the additional drying operation, the water content meter 11 measures the water content value at a certain point in the whole grain, and therefore, the water content in each layer of the grain is uneven or uneven. If the value is large, 14% is measured immediately after the additional drying operation and the drying operation is stopped, so that the dry condition of the whole grain is insufficient, or it is longer than necessary until the moisture meter 11 measures 14%. This is to prevent overdrying due to the required operating time.

Further, according to the additional drying operation based on the conventional timer, there is a drawback that the operator's intention cannot be used because the operator's intuition cannot be performed. However, by performing the drying based on the weight scale 12, it is necessary to remove the amount of water. Can be dried. In addition, it is possible to calculate the amount of water that needs to be removed by additional drying from the difference between the moisture value at the end of normal drying operation and the target moisture value for additional drying, so that highly accurate drying control is possible. It can be carried out.

After the drying operation or the additional drying is completed, when the operator operates the discharge switch 23, the discharging operation is performed, and the grains in the storage chamber 1 and the drying chamber 2 are driven by the circulation mechanism J from the elevator 9 via the discharging shutter 16. It is discharged outside the machine. The moisture meter 11 collects a sample grain from the grain conveyed by the elevator 9 and determines that there is a grain, that is, a discharge operation. Then, when the grain to be discharged is exhausted and the moisture meter 11 detects that the sample grain cannot be collected for a set time (for example, 2 minutes), it is determined that there is no grain to be discharged, and the discharging operation is automatically stopped. Of course, the operator may operate the stop switch 24 to stop it.

Next, a characteristic configuration of the weight scale 12 will be described.

The timing of measurement and display of the weight scale 12 will be described.

Since various data are displayed on the screen 28, it is desirable that the weight data is also displayed at an appropriate timing for each staking operation, drying operation, and discharging operation. The process in which the operator needs to see the weight display most frequently is during stake-in operation. This is because the operator determines the work process of harvesting the combine and the like to be performed next while watching the weight of the stake. Therefore, the measurement data by the weight scale 12 is displayed most frequently during the stake-in operation (for example, it may be displayed every 10 seconds or in real time).

Next, the process in which the operator needs to see the weight display is the discharge operation. This is because, during the discharging operation, the operator looks at the remaining grain weight in order to estimate the remaining time until the discharging is completed. However, since it is viewed less frequently than the stake-in operation, it is displayed at an interval longer than the stake-in operation (for example, every 30 seconds).

Since the operator is often not in front of the grain dryer during the drying operation, the weight display interval may be long (for example, every 10 minutes).

In this way, by changing the timing of measurement and display of the weighing scale 12 for each operation process, measurement and display can be performed at appropriate timing.

Next, the features of the weight scale 12 during the stake-in operation will be described.

The control unit S stores the discharge stop information due to the automatic stop of the discharge operation or the stop of the operator. Then, when the stakeout switch 20 is operated in the next stakeout operation, the data of the weighing scale 12 is reset. Originally, there are no grains after the end of the discharging operation, so the weight scale 12 should be zero, but in reality, grains, dust, and the like often remain in the box H. Therefore, the weight of the actual grain can be measured by resetting the weight scale 12 and measuring the weight at the time of the next dry operation. During the stake-in operation, the moisture meter 11 collects a sample grain from the grain conveyed by the elevator 9 and determines that there is a grain, that is, the stake-in operation. Normally, the stake-in operation is carried out each time grain is harvested, and therefore the stake-in operation is not completed by one stake-in operation, and the stake-in operation is carried out a plurality of times. In this case, when the first stake-in operation is completed, the operator operates the stop switch 24 to stop the stake-in operation. Then, when the stake-in switch 20 is operated to perform the second stake-in operation to stake in the next harvested grain, the weight data of the weighing scale 12 is added and is not reset. That is, when the moisture meter 11 detects the presence of grain during the stake-in operation, the weight data of the weight scale 12 is not reset by the subsequent operation of the stakeout switch 20, and the weight data is added to the previously measured weight. Thereby, the operator can appropriately perform the weight measurement in the normal staking operation.

Further, when the weight scale 12 measures the weight when the power is turned on, and a weight (for example, 10 kg) more than a set value is detected, it may be displayed on the screen that the residue remains.

The residue includes, for example, grains remaining in the lower spiral 8, the upper spiral 10, the rotary valve 7 and the elevator 9, and dust remaining in the exhaust chamber 3.

Further, during the stake-in operation, although the load current value of the drive motor 19 that drives the circulation mechanism J indicates a load current value that can be used to judge the conveyance of grain, the weight data of the weighing scale 12 does not increase much. In this case, it can be determined that the weighing scale 12 is abnormal or the installation is incomplete.

1 Storage Room 2 Drying Room 11 Moisture Meter 12 Weight Scale 25 Target Moisture Setting Switch 30 Set Moisture Value Setting Means S Controller

Claims (2)

In a grain dryer equipped with a storage room for loading the grain, a drying room for drying the grain, a weight scale for detecting the weight of the loaded grain, and a moisture meter for detecting the moisture content of the grain,
A target moisture setting means for setting a target moisture value is provided, and when the drying operation is stopped for the additional drying operation after the target moisture value is reached by the drying operation, the weighing scale is used. Dry operation based on
A stake switch (20) for performing a grain squeezing operation, a ventilation switch (21) for performing a circulation operation while ventilating the grain, a drying switch (22) for performing a grain drying operation, and a drying operation end The discharge switch (23) that performs discharge operation to discharge the overloaded grain to the outside later is provided,
During the discharging operation based on the operation of the discharging switch (23), when the moisture meter (11) detects that the sample grain cannot be collected for the set time, it is determined that there is no grain to be discharged, and the discharging operation is automatically stopped,
The stop information of the discharge operation is stored in the control unit (S), and when the stakeout switch (20) is operated in the next stakeout operation, the data of the weighing scale (12) is reset, and the stakeout switch thereafter. When (20) is operated, the weight data of the weighing scale (12) is added,
Provide a screen (28) that displays various information while driving,
The data measured by the weighing scale (12) is displayed on the screen (28) at a relatively short setting interval during the stake-in operation,
During the discharging operation, the measurement data by the weight scale (12) is displayed on the screen (28) at a set time interval longer than that of the stake-in operation,
During the drying operation, the display of various information during the drying operation and the display of the measurement data by the weight scale (12) are switched, and the measurement data by the weight scale (12) is displayed on the screen (28) at a set time interval longer than the discharging operation. A grain dryer characterized by being displayed on . 2. The additional drying operation is controlled to stop the additional drying operation when the amount of water corresponding to the difference between the additional moisture target moisture value in the additional drying operation and the moisture value at the end of the drying operation decreases. Grain dryer.

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