JP2019082276A - Grain dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

To remove unripe rice, straw debris and the like prior to a drying operation.SOLUTION: There is provided a grain dryer comprising a storage chamber (1) to be filled with grain, a drying chamber (2) that dries grain, a gravimeter (12) that detects the weight of grain being filled, and a filling amount sensor (31) that detects the bulk of grain being filled. If the value of the filling amount sensor (31) is equal to or higher than a prescribed one in comparison with the value of the gravimeter during or subsequent to a grain-filling operation, a message to that effect is displayed on display means and air circulation is performed prior to a drying operation to remove straw debris and unripe rice to eliminate unnecessary fuel consumption.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

Description

  The present invention relates to grain dryers.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a technology for terminating the drying of grains from the rate of reduction of grain weight in a grain dryer using a weight sensor.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a technology for removing immature rice and scraped rice with a dust collector by decreasing the drying speed and increasing the number of circulations when there are many immature rice and scraped rice in grains being dried.

Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 4-76386 JP-A-61-237988

  If there are a lot of immature straw and straw scraps contained in the grain, an extra fuel will be consumed during the drying operation. An object of the present invention is to remove immature rice, straw and the like before the drying operation.

In order to solve such problems, the invention according to claim 1 is
In a grain drier comprising a storage room for filling grain, a drying room for drying grain, a weighing scale for detecting the weight of the filling grain, and a filling amount sensor for detecting the bulk of the filling grain.
A grain drier including a control unit for displaying on the display means a value of the loading amount sensor higher than a setting value with respect to the value of the weighing scale during loading operation or after loading operation. Do.

The invention according to claim 2 is
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising selection means for selecting whether or not to shift to the ventilation operation when the value of the bulk of the embedded grain by the embedded amount sensor is higher than the set value with respect to the weight value by the weighing scale. And a grain dryer.

The invention according to claim 3 is
A display that indicates when the detection value of the bulk of the embedded grain by the embedded amount sensor is out of the setting range with respect to the type selected by the grain type setting switch after the completion of the embedded operation and the value of the weighing scale. A grain drier according to claim 1 or claim 2 comprising means.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to remove immature rice, wood scraps and the like before the drying operation.

Perspective view of a grain dryer Diagram illustrating the interior of the grain dryer viewed from the side Figure explaining the inside of the grain dryer seen from the front Diagram showing the circulation mechanism Control panel diagram A diagram to explain the inside of the moisture meter attached to the elevator Block Diagram flowchart

  A grain drier according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  A storage chamber 1 for storing grains and a drying chamber 2 for drying grains are provided in a box H. The drying chamber 2 is provided with a hot air chamber 3 through which the hot air from the combustion burner 17 passes, and an exhaust air chamber 6 through which the hot air and the downflow passage 4 through which grains pass and the downflow passage 4 are drawn.

  At the lower part of the drying chamber 2, a rotary valve 7 for feeding the grain in the drying chamber 2 is provided, and below the rotary valve 7, a lower helix 8 for transferring the grain to the front side is provided. On the front side of the box H, an elevator 9 of a bucket 9a type for raising grains is provided, and on the upper portion of the box H, an upper spiral 10 for transferring grains harvested by the elevator 9 to the storage chamber 1 is provided. At the transfer end side of the upper spiral 10, a diffusion blade 15 for diffusing the grain into the storage chamber 1 is provided. In the present embodiment, it is a circulation type grain drier that circulates grains by driving the lower helix 8, the elevator 9, the upper helix 10, the diffusion vane 15, and the rotary valve 7, and the above-mentioned member for circulating Are collectively called circulation mechanism J. In the ceiling portion of the box H, a dust collector 33 is provided which sucks dust, straw and the like mixed with the grain transferred by the upper helix 10 and discharges it to the outside of the machine.

  The elevator 9 is provided with a moisture meter 11 that accommodates the grain that has been removed from the bucket 9a and measures the moisture value. The moisture meter 11 crushes the grains with a pair of crush rolls 11 a to measure the water content.

  A weight scale 12 is provided at the bottom of the box H. The weight scale 12 is provided at the four corners of the box H to make it possible to detect the loading weight of the loaded grain. Specifically, for example, a load cell is used.

  Inside the box H, a loading amount sensor 31 for detecting the bulk of the loading grain is provided. The loading amount sensor 31 is formed of a string 31a and a weight 31b attached to the lower end of the string 31a at the ceiling of the storage chamber 1, and the loading amount sensor drive motor raises and lowers the string 31a by a winding type etc. When it detects that it abuts on the upper surface K of the filled grain, the position is set as the bulk of the filled grain.

  On the front side of the box H, an operation panel 13 incorporating a control unit S is provided. In the operation panel 13, a loading switch 20 for performing loading operation for transferring the grain stuck in the loading hopper 14 to which the lift 9 is attached to the storage chamber 1 by the lift 9 and the upper helix 10, and the exhaust fan 5 A ventilation switch 21 for circulating the grain while driving the circulation mechanism J and a drying switch 22 for drying the grain by driving the combustion burner 17, the exhaust fan 5 and the circulation mechanism J; After the drying operation is completed, the circulation mechanism J is driven, and a discharge switch 23 is provided to switch the discharge shutter 16 at the top of the elevator 9 to the discharge side to discharge the embedded grain to the outside of the machine.

  Further, a stop switch 24 is provided to stop the loading operation, the ventilation operation, the drying operation, and the discharging operation.

Further, a target moisture setting switch 25 for setting a target moisture value, a drying speed setting switch 26 for setting a drying speed, and a grain type setting switch 27 for setting a grain type are provided on the screen 28. Set moisture value adjustment switch 30 for changing the set moisture value to switch from the drying operation by the weight scale 12 to the drying operation by the moisture meter
Further, the screen 28 is configured to be switchable to a screen for setting the drying operation conditions such as the target moisture value described above and a screen for displaying various information during the drying operation.

  In addition, an indicator type indicator 29 is provided which alternately displays a hot air temperature, a moisture value, and a remaining drying operation time which need to be displayed particularly during the drying operation.

  Next, the loading operation will be described based on FIG.

  When the loading switch 20 is turned on, the lower helix 8, the elevator 9, the upper helix 10, the dust collector 33, and the diffusion blade 15 start driving, and the loaded grain is embedded in the storage chamber 1. The operator sets the variety of grain to be embedded by using the grain variety setting switch 27 in advance. During the loading operation, the weight scale 12 detects the weight and displays the weight value on the screen 28. If the moisture meter 11 detects no grain during the loading operation, the loading operation is stopped. At this time, the next loading operation is performed when the operator turns on the loading switch 20 for loading of the next grain, but if the loading switch is not turned on within a predetermined time, the loading amount sensor 31 detects Start and detect the bulk of the filled grain at that time. If the control unit S determines that the value of the bulk of the loading amount sensor 31 and the weight value of the weighing scale 12 do not correspond to each other, the abnormality is displayed. In particular, if the value of the bulk with respect to the weight value is higher than the set range, it is determined that there are many straw scraps, dust, and immature rice, and a display prompting transition to the dust removal mode is performed. When the dust removal mode switch 34 is turned on, the circulation mechanism J starts driving, and ventilation operation is performed for a time corresponding to the amount of penetration at that time. By the ventilation operation, dust, straw and immature rice can be sucked and removed by the dust collector 33. When the dust removal mode switch 34 is turned on, the control unit S transmits a message to the portable terminal T of the operator who performs the reaping work by communication, for example, to the operator of the combine (not shown) and threshing in the combine etc. It can call attention to the fact that it is defective. It is also possible to connect the control unit of the combine and the control unit S of the grain dryer by communication, and to draw attention to the above-mentioned attention.

  The correspondence relationship between the value of the bulk of the loading amount sensor 31 and the weight value of the weighing scale 12 is set in advance in the control unit S depending on the grain type. This is because the bulk density differs depending on the grain variety.

  In addition, when the weight value of the weighing scale 12 is increased compared to that before the ventilation operation during the ventilation operation in the dust removal mode, an abnormality is displayed. This is caused by the moisture absorption of the grain due to the high external humidity, and there is a risk of cracking of the grain. This risk can be reduced.

  If the value of bulk is low with respect to the weight value, for example, there is a possibility that it is a case of incorrect setting of the product, or a diffusion failure of the diffusion blade 15, and that effect is displayed to prompt the operator to confirm. be able to.

  Next, characteristic points in the detection of the weight state by the weighing scale will be described.

  After completion of the loading operation, the weight values of the front two and the rear two of the weight scales 12 are compared to determine the spread state of the grain in the storage chamber 1. If either the front side or the rear side is biased, it is informed that the diffusion blade 15 is in a diffusion failure state. In this case, even if the value of the bulk of the loading amount sensor 31 and the weight value of the weighing scale 12 do not correspond to each other, priority is given to notification that diffusion is not good. If the weight value on the front side is heavier than the setting, the grain discharged from the elevator 9 is thrown directly into the storage chamber 1 without being transferred by the upper helix 10 because the open / close shutter 36 provided at the bottom of the upper helix 10 is open. It can be determined that it has been done, and that effect can be reported.

  When the drying switch is turned on, the drying operation is started, but before starting the operation, the bulk value of the embedded grain by the filling amount sensor 31 is compared with the weight value by the weighing scale 12, and the value of the bulk relative to the weight value is If it is higher than the setting range, it is judged that there are many straw scraps, dust and immature rice, and the amount of combustion is reduced to shift to the dust removal and drying mode to dry, and after removing immature rice, straw and dust, drying speed setting switch 26 The drying operation may be performed by returning to the drying speed set in the above. Thus, the drying operation can be performed without consuming extra fuel.

  Further, by setting the values of the drying speed and the weight value in advance, it is also possible to notify of an abnormality that there is a risk of trunk cracking if the weight reduction in the drying time is quicker than the setting.

1 storage chamber 2 drying chamber 12 weighing scale 27 grain type setting switch 31 loading amount sensor S control unit

Claims (3)

In a grain drier comprising a storage room for filling grain, a drying room for drying grain, a weighing scale for detecting the weight of the filling grain, and a filling amount sensor for detecting the bulk of the filling grain.
A grain drier comprising a control unit for displaying on a display means a value of a loading amount sensor higher than a setting value with respect to a value of a weighing scale during loading operation or after loading operation.   2. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising selection means for selecting whether or not to shift to the ventilation operation when the value of the bulk of the embedded grain by the embedded amount sensor is higher than the set value with respect to the weight value by the weighing scale. Grain dryer.   A display that indicates when the detection value of the bulk of the embedded grain by the embedded amount sensor is out of the setting range with respect to the type selected by the grain type setting switch after the completion of the embedded operation and the value of the weighing scale. The grain dryer according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising means.

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