JP6784200B2

JP6784200B2 - Grain dryer

Info

Publication number: JP6784200B2
Application number: JP2017047471A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 西野　栄治; 栄治西野
Original assignee: Iseki and Co Ltd
Current assignee: Iseki and Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-03-13
Filing date: 2017-03-13
Publication date: 2020-11-11
Anticipated expiration: 2037-03-13
Also published as: JP2018151122A

Description

この発明は、穀物乾燥機に関する。 The present invention relates to a grain dryer.

従来、例えば、特許文献１に示されているように、乾燥機の排塵機内の圧力を検出する圧力検出センサと、この圧力検出サンサが排塵機内における圧力の異常を検出するとその異常を報知する報知手段を備えた技術が開示されている。 Conventionally, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1, a pressure detection sensor that detects the pressure in the dust evacuator of a dryer and a pressure detection sensor that detects an abnormality in the pressure in the dust evacuator notifies the abnormality. The technology provided with the notification means is disclosed.

特開２０１５−１８７５２０号公報JP 2015-187520

しかしながら、排塵機内の圧力は、穀物の品種や循環状況等で変化するので、従来の穀物乾燥機の様に異常検出の閾値を一律にすると誤検出が生じるという問題がある。 However, since the pressure inside the dust remover changes depending on the type of grain, the circulation condition, etc., there is a problem that erroneous detection occurs if the threshold value for abnormality detection is made uniform as in the conventional grain dryer.

本発明は、上記従来の穀物乾燥機のこの様な課題に鑑みて、穀物の品種などに応じた異常検出を行うことで、異常検出精度の向上を図ることを目的とする。 In view of such problems of the conventional grain dryer, the present invention aims to improve the abnormality detection accuracy by performing abnormality detection according to the grain type and the like.

この発明は、上記課題を解決すべく次のような技術的手段を講じた。 The present invention has taken the following technical measures to solve the above problems.

すなわち、請求項１の本発明は、
箱体（１）内に穀物を貯留する貯留室（２）と前記穀物を循環乾燥する乾燥室（５）を設け、前記貯留室（２）内の塵埃を吸引して機外に排出する排塵ファン（２１）と、排塵機（２４）内を通過する吸引風の圧力を検出する圧力センサ（２９）と、前記圧力センサ（２９）による圧力検出値が異常であることを判定する判定手段を備え、異常の検出値の閾値を前記穀物の品種によって変更する手段を設けてあり、
異常の検出は吸引風の設定圧力以下を設定時間検出し、籾・麦より大豆・ソバの異常検出時間を長くすることを特徴とする穀物乾燥機である。
請求項２の本発明は、
箱体（１）内に穀物を貯留する貯留室（２）と前記穀物を循環乾燥する乾燥室（５）を設け、前記貯留室（２）内の塵埃を吸引して機外に排出する排塵ファン（２１）と、排塵機（２４）内を通過する吸引風の圧力を検出する圧力センサ（２９）と、前記圧力センサ（２９）による圧力検出値が異常であることを判定する判定手段を備え、前記異常の検出値の閾値を前記穀物の循環量によって変更する手段を設けてあり、
前記異常の検出は前記吸引風の設定圧力以下を設定時間検出し、前記穀物の循環量が多いときより前記穀物の循環量が少ないときの異常検出時間を長くするよう構成してあることを特徴とする穀物乾燥機である。
請求項３の本発明は、
箱体（１）内に穀物を貯留する貯留室（２）と前記穀物を循環乾燥する乾燥室（５）を設け、前記貯留室（２）内の塵埃を吸引して機外に排出する排塵ファン（２１）と、排塵機（２４）内を通過する吸引風の圧力を検出する圧力センサ（２９）と、前記圧力センサ（２９）による圧力検出値が異常であることを判定する判定手段を備え、前記異常の検出値の閾値を通風運転又は乾燥運転によって変更する手段を設けてあり、
前記異常の検出は前記吸引風の設定圧力以下を設定時間検出し、前記乾燥運転のときより前記通風運転のときの異常検出時間を長くするよう構成してあることを特徴とする穀物乾燥機である。
なお、本発明に関連する第１の発明は、箱体（１）内に穀物を貯留する貯留室（２）と穀物を循環乾燥する乾燥室（５）を設け、貯留室（２）内の塵埃を吸引して機外に排出する排塵ファン（２１）と、排塵機（２４）内を通過する吸引風の圧力を検出する圧力センサ（２９）と、圧力センサ（２９）による圧力検出値が異常であることを判定する判定手段を備え、異常の検出値の閾値を穀物の品種によって変更する手段を設けてあることを特徴とする。 That is, the present invention of claim 1 is
A storage chamber (2) for storing grains and a drying chamber (5) for circulating and drying the grains are provided in the box body (1), and dust in the storage chamber (2) is sucked and discharged to the outside of the machine. A determination that determines that the pressure detection value by the dust fan (21), the pressure sensor (29) that detects the pressure of the suction air passing through the dust collector (24), and the pressure sensor (29) is abnormal. A means is provided, and a means for changing the threshold value of the abnormality detection value depending on the grain type is provided.
The abnormality detection is a grain dryer characterized in that the abnormality detection time of soybeans and buckwheat is longer than that of paddy and wheat by detecting the pressure below the set pressure of the suction air for a set time.
The present invention of claim 2
A storage chamber (2) for storing grains and a drying chamber (5) for circulating and drying the grains are provided in the box body (1), and dust in the storage chamber (2) is sucked and discharged to the outside of the machine. A determination that determines that the pressure detection value by the dust fan (21), the pressure sensor (29) that detects the pressure of the suction air passing through the dust collector (24), and the pressure sensor (29) is abnormal. A means is provided, and a means for changing the threshold value of the detection value of the abnormality according to the circulation amount of the grain is provided.
The abnormality is detected by detecting a pressure equal to or lower than the set pressure of the suction air for a set time, and the abnormality detection time is longer when the circulation amount of the grain is smaller than when the circulation amount of the grain is large. It is a grain dryer.
The present invention of claim 3
A storage chamber (2) for storing grains and a drying chamber (5) for circulating and drying the grains are provided in the box body (1), and dust in the storage chamber (2) is sucked and discharged to the outside of the machine. A determination that determines that the pressure detection value by the dust fan (21), the pressure sensor (29) that detects the pressure of the suction air passing through the dust collector (24), and the pressure sensor (29) is abnormal. A means is provided, and a means for changing the threshold value of the abnormality detection value by ventilation operation or drying operation is provided.
The abnormality is detected by a grain dryer characterized in that an abnormality detection time during the ventilation operation is longer than that during the drying operation by detecting a pressure equal to or lower than the set pressure of the suction air for a set time. is there.
In the first invention related to the present invention, a storage chamber (2) for storing grains and a drying chamber (5) for circulating and drying grains are provided in the box body (1), and the inside of the storage chamber (2) is provided. Pressure detection by a dust exhaust fan (21) that sucks dust and discharges it to the outside of the machine, a pressure sensor (29) that detects the pressure of the suction air passing through the dust remover (24), and a pressure sensor (29). It is characterized in that it is provided with a determination means for determining that the value is abnormal, and a means for changing the threshold value of the detection value of the abnormality depending on the type of grain.

乾燥中、貯留室内（２）の塵埃は、排塵機（２４）内に吸引されて機外に排出される。圧力センサ（２９）は、吸引風の圧力検出値が異常であるか、否かを判定するが、乾燥される穀物の品種によって例えば稲・麦や大豆・ソバなどによって圧力検出時間を変更する。 During drying, the dust in the storage chamber (2) is sucked into the dust evacuator (24) and discharged to the outside of the machine. The pressure sensor (29) determines whether or not the pressure detection value of the suction air is abnormal, but the pressure detection time is changed depending on the type of grain to be dried, for example, rice / wheat or soybean / buckwheat.

従って、穀物の品種に応じた異常検出を行うことで、異常検出精度が向上することになる。 Therefore, by performing the abnormality detection according to the grain type, the abnormality detection accuracy is improved.

本発明に関連する第２の発明は、本発明に関連する第１の発明において、異常の検出は吸引風の設定圧力以下を設定時間検出し、籾・麦より大豆・ソバの異常検出時間を長くすることを特徴とする。 In the second invention related to the present invention, in the first invention related to the present invention , the abnormality is detected by detecting the pressure below the set pressure of the suction wind for a set time, and detecting the abnormality of soybean / buckwheat from paddy / wheat. It is characterized by making it longer.

上記構成によると、張込密度が高い籾・麦は比較的吸引力が高いので、比較的短い検出時間で圧力の異常を検出でき、張込密度が低い大豆・ソバは比較的吸引圧力が低いので、比較的長い検出時間で圧力の異常を検出することができて、異常検出精度がより向上する。 According to the above configuration, paddy and wheat with a high filling density have a relatively high suction force, so that an abnormality in pressure can be detected in a relatively short detection time, and soybeans and buckwheat with a low filling density have a relatively low suction pressure. Therefore, the pressure abnormality can be detected in a relatively long detection time, and the abnormality detection accuracy is further improved.

本発明に関連する第３の発明は、箱体（１）内に穀物を貯留する貯留室（２）と前記穀物を循環乾燥する乾燥室（５）を設け、前記貯留室（２）内の塵埃を吸引して機外に排出する排塵ファン（２１）と、排塵機（２４）内を通過する吸引風の圧力を検出する圧力センサ（２９）と、前記圧力センサ（２９）による圧力検出値が異常であることを判定する判定手段を備え、前記異常の検出値の閾値を前記穀物の循環量によって変更する手段を設けてあることを特徴とする。 In the third invention related to the present invention, a storage chamber (2) for storing grains and a drying chamber (5) for circulating and drying the grains are provided in the box body (1), and the storage chamber (2) is provided. A dust fan (21) that sucks dust and discharges it to the outside of the machine, a pressure sensor (29) that detects the pressure of the suction air passing through the dust machine (24), and a pressure sensor (29). It is characterized in that it is provided with a determination means for determining that the detected value is abnormal, and is provided with a means for changing the threshold value of the detected value of the abnormality according to the circulation amount of the grain.

上記構成によると、圧力センサ（２９）による異常の検出は、吸引風の設定圧力以下を設定時間検出するが、穀物の循環量の多少によっても変更することができ、穀物量の循環量に応じた異常検出を行うことで、異常検出精度が向上する。 According to the above configuration, the abnormality detection by the pressure sensor (29) detects the suction air below the set pressure for a set time, but it can be changed depending on the amount of grain circulation, depending on the grain circulation amount. By detecting abnormalities, the accuracy of abnormality detection is improved.

本発明に関連する第４の発明は、本発明に関連する第３の発明において、異常の検出は吸引風の設定圧力以下を設定時間検出し、穀物の循環量が多いときより穀物の循環量が少ないときの異常検出時間を長くするよう構成してあることを特徴とする。 In the third invention related to the present invention, the fourth invention related to the present invention detects an abnormality at a pressure equal to or lower than the set pressure of the suction air for a set time, and the amount of grain circulation is larger than that when the amount of grain circulation is large. It is characterized in that it is configured to lengthen the abnormality detection time when the number is small.

上記構成によると、循環量が多いときは比較的吸引圧力が高いので、比較的短い検出時間で圧力の異常が検出され、また、循環量が少ないときは比較的吸引圧力が低いので、比較的長い検出時間で圧力の異常が検出されることになり、異常検出精度が向上することになる。 According to the above configuration, since the suction pressure is relatively high when the circulation amount is large, the pressure abnormality is detected in a relatively short detection time, and when the circulation amount is small, the suction pressure is relatively low, so that it is relatively relatively low. The pressure abnormality is detected in a long detection time, and the abnormality detection accuracy is improved.

本発明に関連する第５の発明は、箱体内に穀物を貯留する貯留室（２）と前記穀物を循環乾燥する乾燥室（５）を設け、前記貯留室（２）内の塵埃を吸引して機外に排出する排塵ファン（２１）と、排塵機（２４）内を通過する吸引風の圧力を検出する圧力センサ（２９）と、前記圧力センサ（２９）による圧力検出値が異常であることを判定する判定手段を備え、前記異常の検出値の閾値を通風運転又は乾燥運転によって変更する手段を設けてあることを特徴とする。 In the fifth invention related to the present invention, a storage chamber (2) for storing grains and a drying chamber (5) for circulating and drying the grains are provided in the box, and dust in the storage chamber (2) is sucked. The dust removal fan (21) that discharges to the outside of the machine, the pressure sensor (29) that detects the pressure of the suction air passing through the dust removal machine (24), and the pressure detection value by the pressure sensor (29) are abnormal. It is characterized in that the determination means for determining the above is provided, and the means for changing the threshold value of the abnormality detection value by ventilation operation or drying operation is provided.

上記構成によると、圧力センサによる異常の検出は、吸引風の設定圧力以下を設定時間検出するが、通風運転や乾燥運転によって変更することができ、運転に応じた圧力センサによる検出精度の向上を図ることができる。 According to the above configuration, the detection of abnormality by the pressure sensor detects the pressure below the set pressure of the suction air for the set time, but it can be changed by the ventilation operation or the drying operation, and the detection accuracy by the pressure sensor according to the operation can be improved. Can be planned.

本発明に関連する第６の発明は、本発明に関連する第５の発明において、異常の検出は吸引風の設定圧力以下を設定時間検出し、乾燥運転のときより通風運転のときの異常検出時間を長くするよう構成してあることを特徴とする。 In the sixth invention related to the present invention, in the fifth invention related to the present invention, the abnormality is detected by detecting the pressure below the set pressure of the suction air for a set time, and detecting the abnormality during the ventilation operation rather than the drying operation. It is characterized in that it is configured to lengthen the time.

上記構成によると、乾燥運転時は、箱体内の空気比重が軽く比較的吸引力が高いので、比較的短い時間で圧力の異常を検出することができる。通風運転時は箱体内の空気比重が重く比較的吸引力が低いので、比較的長い検出時間で圧力の異常を検出することができる。 According to the above configuration, during the drying operation, the air specific gravity inside the box is light and the suction force is relatively high, so that an abnormality in pressure can be detected in a relatively short time. Since the air specific gravity inside the box is heavy and the suction force is relatively low during ventilation operation, it is possible to detect an abnormality in pressure in a relatively long detection time.

以上要するに、請求項１記載の本発明によれば、乾燥される穀物の品種によって例えば稲・麦や大豆・ソバなどによって圧力検出時間を変更でき、穀物の品種に応じた異常検出を行うことで、異常検出精度が向上する。さらに、張込密度が高い籾・麦は比較的吸引力が高いので、比較的短い検出時間で圧力の異常を検出でき、張込密度が低い大豆・ソバは比較的吸引圧力が低いので、比較的長い検出時間で圧力の異常を検出することができて、異常検出精度をより向上させることができる。
また、請求項２の本発明によれば、圧力センサによる異常の検出は、穀物の循環量の多少によっても変更することができ、穀物の循環量に応じた異常検出を行うことで、異常検出精度が向上する。さらに、循環量が多いときは比較的吸引圧力が高いので、比較的短い検出時間で圧力の異常が検出され、また、循環量が少ないときは比較的吸引圧力が低いので、比較的長い検出時間で圧力の異常が検出されることになり、異常検出精度が向上することになる。
また、請求項３の本発明によれば、圧力センサによる異常の検出は、通風運転や乾燥運転によっても変更することができ、運転に応じた圧力センサによる検出精度の向上を図ることができる。さらに、乾燥運転時は、箱体内の空気比重が軽く比較的吸引力が高いので、比較的短い時間で圧力の異常を検出することができる。通風運転時は箱体内の空気比重が重く比較的吸引力が低いので、比較的長い検出時間で圧力の異常を検出することができる。従って、異常検出精度が向上することになる。
また、本発明に関連する第１の発明によれば、乾燥される穀物の品種によって例えば稲・麦や大豆・ソバなどによって圧力検出時間を変更でき、穀物の品種に応じた異常検出を行うことで、異常検出精度が向上する。 In short, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the pressure detection time can be changed depending on the type of grain to be dried, for example, rice / wheat, soybean / buckwheat, etc., and abnormality detection according to the type of grain can be performed. , Abnormality detection accuracy is improved. Furthermore, since paddy and wheat with a high filling density have a relatively high suction force, abnormal pressure can be detected in a relatively short detection time, and soybeans and buckwheat with a low filling density have a relatively low suction pressure. It is possible to detect an abnormality in pressure with a long detection time, and it is possible to further improve the accuracy of abnormality detection.
Further, according to the present invention of claim 2, the abnormality detection by the pressure sensor can be changed depending on the amount of grain circulation, and the abnormality is detected by performing the abnormality detection according to the grain circulation amount. Accuracy is improved. Further, when the circulation amount is large, the suction pressure is relatively high, so that the pressure abnormality is detected in a relatively short detection time, and when the circulation amount is small, the suction pressure is relatively low, so that the detection time is relatively long. The pressure abnormality will be detected, and the abnormality detection accuracy will be improved.
Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the detection of abnormality by the pressure sensor can be changed by the ventilation operation or the drying operation, and the detection accuracy by the pressure sensor according to the operation can be improved. Further, during the drying operation, the air specific gravity inside the box is light and the suction force is relatively high, so that the abnormal pressure can be detected in a relatively short time. Since the air specific gravity inside the box is heavy and the suction force is relatively low during ventilation operation, it is possible to detect an abnormality in pressure in a relatively long detection time. Therefore, the abnormality detection accuracy is improved.
Further, according to the first invention related to the present invention, the pressure detection time can be changed depending on the type of grain to be dried, for example, rice / wheat, soybean / buckwheat, etc., and abnormality detection according to the type of grain can be performed. Therefore, the abnormality detection accuracy is improved.

本発明に関連する第２の発明によれば、本発明に関連する第１の発明の効果に加えて、張込密度が高い籾・麦は比較的吸引力が高いので、比較的短い検出時間で圧力の異常を検出でき、張込密度が低い大豆・ソバは比較的吸引圧力が低いので、比較的長い検出時間で圧力の異常を検出することができて、異常検出精度をより向上させることができる。 According to the second invention related to the present invention, in addition to the effect of the first invention related to the present invention, the paddy / wheat having a high filling density has a relatively high suction force, so that the detection time is relatively short. Since the suction pressure is relatively low for soybeans and buckwheat with a low filling density, it is possible to detect the pressure abnormality in a relatively long detection time and further improve the abnormality detection accuracy. Can be done.

本発明に関連する第３の発明によれば、圧力センサによる異常の検出は、穀物の循環量の多少によっても変更することができ、穀物の循環量に応じた異常検出を行うことで、異常検出精度が向上する。 According to the third invention related to the present invention, the detection of the abnormality by the pressure sensor can be changed depending on the amount of the circulation amount of the grain, and the abnormality is detected by performing the abnormality detection according to the circulation amount of the grain. Detection accuracy is improved.

本発明に関連する第４の発明によれば、本発明に関連する第３の発明の効果に加えて、循環量が多いときは比較的吸引圧力が高いので、比較的短い検出時間で圧力の異常が検出され、また、循環量が少ないときは比較的吸引圧力が低いので、比較的長い検出時間で圧力の異常が検出されることになり、異常検出精度が向上することになる。 According to the fourth invention related to the present invention, in addition to the effect of the third invention related to the present invention, the suction pressure is relatively high when the circulation amount is large, so that the pressure can be measured in a relatively short detection time. Since the abnormality is detected and the suction pressure is relatively low when the circulation amount is small, the pressure abnormality is detected in a relatively long detection time, and the abnormality detection accuracy is improved.

本発明に関連する第５の発明によれば、圧力センサによる異常の検出は、通風運転や乾燥運転によっても変更することができ、運転に応じた圧力センサによる検出精度の向上を図ることができる。 According to the fifth invention related to the present invention, the detection of abnormality by the pressure sensor can be changed by the ventilation operation or the drying operation, and the detection accuracy by the pressure sensor according to the operation can be improved. ..

本発明に関連する第６の発明によれば、本発明に関連する第５の発明の効果に加えて、乾燥運転時は、箱体内の空気比重が軽く比較的吸引力が高いので、比較的短い時間で圧力の異常を検出することができる。通風運転時は箱体内の空気比重が重く比較的吸引力が低いので、比較的長い検出時間で圧力の異常を検出することができる。従って、異常検出精度が向上することになる。 According to the sixth invention related to the present invention, in addition to the effect of the fifth invention related to the present invention, the air specific gravity in the box is light and the suction force is relatively high during the drying operation, so that the air is relatively high. Abnormal pressure can be detected in a short time. Since the air specific gravity inside the box is heavy and the suction force is relatively low during ventilation operation, it is possible to detect an abnormality in pressure in a relatively long detection time. Therefore, the abnormality detection accuracy is improved.

穀物乾燥機の正面側からみた斜視図Perspective view from the front side of the grain dryer 穀物乾燥機の背面側からみた斜視図Perspective view from the back side of the grain dryer 穀物乾燥機の内部を説明する図Diagram explaining the inside of the grain dryer （ａ）は排塵機の平面図、（ｂ）は排塵機の側面図(A) is a plan view of the dust evacuator, and (b) is a side view of the dust evacuator. 穀物乾燥機の操作パネルを示すShows the operation panel of the grain dryer 穀物乾燥機の駆動機構図Drive mechanism diagram of grain dryer 穀物乾燥機の制御ブロック図Control block diagram of grain dryer 圧力センサ検出時間を示すIndicates the pressure sensor detection time 穀物乾燥機の運転制御のフローチャートFlow chart of operation control of grain dryer 穀物乾燥機の運転制御のフローチャートFlow chart of operation control of grain dryer 穀物乾燥機の運転制御のフローチャートFlow chart of operation control of grain dryer

この発明の実施例を図面に基づき説明する。 Examples of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

箱体（乾燥機）１内には穀物を貯留する貯留室２と、排風室３や熱風室４などからなる乾燥室５及び集穀室６が上方から順に積み重ねられ、箱体壁面外部には昇降機１６を配置している（図１、図３参照）。 In the box body (dryer) 1, a storage chamber 2 for storing grains, a drying chamber 5 including an exhaust air chamber 3 and a hot air chamber 4, and a grain collection chamber 6 are stacked in order from above, and are placed outside the wall surface of the box. Arranges the elevator 16 (see FIGS. 1 and 3).

排風室３と熱風室４を仕切る壁８の間に上方から下方に向けて漏斗状の穀粒が落下する穀粒流路９が形成されており、この穀粒流路９を落下する間に熱風によって乾燥される。 A funnel-shaped grain flow path 9 is formed between the exhaust chamber 3 and the wall 8 partitioning the hot air chamber 4 from above to the bottom, and while the funnel-shaped grains fall, the grain flow path 9 is dropped. Is dried by hot air.

従って、貯留室２内の穀粒は、天井部１０から下方に落下していく過程で、排風室３と熱風室４の間の穀粒流路９で乾燥される。このとき、貯留室２内の天井部１０に設けられた拡散羽根３５により穀粒は拡散されながら落下する。 Therefore, the grains in the storage chamber 2 are dried in the grain flow path 9 between the exhaust chamber 3 and the hot air chamber 4 in the process of falling downward from the ceiling portion 10. At this time, the grains fall while being diffused by the diffusion blades 35 provided on the ceiling portion 10 in the storage chamber 2.

乾燥された穀粒は、穀粒流路９の下端部に集められ、ロータリバルブ３８を経由して集穀室６に集められ、下部コンベア３９により箱体外部の昇降機１６を介して揚穀され、天井部１０側に搬送されて上部ラセン２３により、再び貯留室２から下方に向けて落下する。 The dried grains are collected at the lower end of the grain flow path 9, collected in the grain collecting chamber 6 via the rotary valve 38, and raised by the lower conveyor 39 via the elevator 16 outside the box body. , It is conveyed to the ceiling portion 10 side and is dropped from the storage chamber 2 downward again by the upper spiral 23.

また、貯留室２内の適所に張込センサ１２が配置されており、張り込み穀粒量を検出することができる。 In addition, the stakeout sensor 12 is arranged at an appropriate position in the storage chamber 2 and can detect the amount of stakeout grains.

なお、乾燥機内の排風室３から図示しないモータで作動するファン３７（図２参照）により排風ダクト１４から排風を外部に排出するようになっている。また、昇降機１６の適所には自動水分計１７を配置し、更に、昇降機１６の隣には熱風室４に熱風を供給する電源として、例えば、遠赤外線放射体１９などを設け、その電源の上方に乾燥機の駆動制御を行うコントローラ（制御装置）５０を設けている（図７参照）。 It should be noted that the exhaust air is exhausted from the exhaust air duct 14 to the outside by a fan 37 (see FIG. 2) operated by a motor (not shown) from the exhaust air chamber 3 in the dryer. Further, an automatic moisture meter 17 is arranged at an appropriate position of the elevator 16, and a far-infrared radiator 19 or the like is provided next to the elevator 16 as a power source for supplying hot air to the hot air chamber 4, and above the power source. Is provided with a controller (control device) 50 that controls the drive of the dryer (see FIG. 7).

また、乾燥機の天井部１０に配置された上部ラセン２３を覆う上部ラセン樋２２には排塵機２４が配置されており、乾燥機内及び上部ラセン樋２２内の塵埃は排塵機２４で吸引され、排塵ダクト２５から外部に排出されるようになっている。 Further, a dust collector 24 is arranged in the upper spiral gutter 22 that covers the upper spiral gutter 23 arranged on the ceiling portion 10 of the dryer, and the dust in the dryer and the upper spiral gutter 22 is sucked by the dust remover 24. It is designed to be discharged to the outside from the dust discharge duct 25.

前記排塵機２４は、吸引ダクト２６を上部ラセン樋２２に接続していて、図４（a）・(b)に示すように、排塵機２４には、排塵モータ２７と該排塵モータ２７で作動する排塵ファン２１及び圧力センサ２９が配置されている。 The dust evacuator 24 has a suction duct 26 connected to the upper spiral gutter 22, and as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the dust evacuator 24 includes a dust evacuator motor 27 and the dust evacuator. A dust removal fan 21 and a pressure sensor 29 operated by the motor 27 are arranged.

圧力センサ２９は排塵機２４を構成する吸引ダクト２６の外側に設けられ、一端が吸引ダクト２６内と連通し、他端が圧力センサ２９に接続したパイプ３１が接続してあり、該パイプ３１を経由して吸引ダクト２６内の雰囲気圧力が圧力センサ２９に導かれることで、排塵機２４内の圧力が検出できる。 The pressure sensor 29 is provided outside the suction duct 26 constituting the dust collector 24, and one end communicates with the inside of the suction duct 26 and the other end is connected to a pipe 31 connected to the pressure sensor 29. By guiding the atmospheric pressure in the suction duct 26 to the pressure sensor 29 via the above, the pressure in the dust collector 24 can be detected.

前記排塵機２４の作動においては、排塵機２４内の圧力センサ２９の圧力低下があると、これによる圧力検出値が異常であることを判定するようになっている。そして、異常の検出値の閾値が穀物の品種によって変更できるように、例えば、籾・麦の場合は、圧力センサによる検出時間を約２分とし、大豆・ソバの場合は、約１０分とする。つまり、圧力センサの検出時間によって変更できるようになっている。 In the operation of the dust evacuator 24, if there is a pressure drop of the pressure sensor 29 in the dust evacuator 24, it is determined that the pressure detection value due to this is abnormal. Then, for example, in the case of paddy / wheat, the detection time by the pressure sensor is set to about 2 minutes, and in the case of soybean / buckwheat, it is set to about 10 minutes so that the threshold value of the abnormality detection value can be changed depending on the grain variety. .. That is, it can be changed according to the detection time of the pressure sensor.

要するに、異常の検出は吸引風の設定圧力以下を設定時間検出し、籾・麦より大豆・ソバの異常検出時間を長くする。これによれば、張込密度が高い籾・麦は比較的吸引力が高いので、比較的短い検出時間で圧力の異常を検出することができ、張込密度が低い大豆・ソバは比較的吸引圧力が低いので、比較的長い検出時間で圧力の異常を検出することができる。 In short, to detect anomalies, the pressure below the set pressure of the suction air is detected for a set time, and the abnormality detection time for soybeans and buckwheat is longer than that for paddy and wheat. According to this, since paddy and wheat with a high filling density have a relatively high suction force, it is possible to detect an abnormality in pressure in a relatively short detection time, and soybeans and buckwheat with a low filling density are relatively sucked. Since the pressure is low, an abnormality in pressure can be detected with a relatively long detection time.

また、圧力センサによる異常の検出は、吸引風の設定圧力以下を設定時間検出するが、穀物の循環量の多少によっても変更することができるようになっている。つまり、穀物の循環量が多いときより穀物の循環量が少ないときの方が異常検出時間を長くする。例えば、循環量が多いときは比較的吸引圧力が高いので、検出時間を約２分とし、比較的短い検出時間で圧力の異常が検出されることになり、循環量が少ないときは比較的吸引圧力が低いので、検出時間を約１０分とし、比較的長い検出時間で圧力の異常が検出されることになる。 Further, in the detection of abnormality by the pressure sensor, the pressure below the set pressure of the suction air is detected for a set time, but it can be changed depending on the amount of grain circulation. That is, the abnormality detection time is longer when the grain circulation amount is small than when the grain circulation amount is large. For example, when the circulation amount is large, the suction pressure is relatively high, so the detection time is set to about 2 minutes, and the pressure abnormality is detected in a relatively short detection time. When the circulation amount is small, the suction pressure is relatively high. Since the pressure is low, the detection time is set to about 10 minutes, and the pressure abnormality is detected in a relatively long detection time.

また、圧力センサによる異常の検出は、通風運転又は乾燥運転でも変更できるように構成している。つまり、異常の検出は吸引風の設定圧力以下を設定時間検出するが、乾燥運転のときよりも通風運転のときの方が異常検出時間を長くするように構成してある。要するに、乾燥運転時は、箱体内の空気比重が軽く比較的吸引力が高いので、検出時間を約２分とし、比較的短い時間で圧力の異常を検出することができる。また、通風運転時は、箱体内の空気比重が重く比較的吸引力が低いので、検出時間を約１０分とすることで、比較的長い検出時間で圧力の異常を検出することができるようになっている。 Further, the detection of abnormality by the pressure sensor is configured so that it can be changed even in the ventilation operation or the drying operation. That is, the abnormality is detected when the pressure below the set pressure of the suction air is detected for a set time, but the abnormality detection time is set to be longer in the ventilation operation than in the drying operation. In short, during the drying operation, the air specific gravity inside the box is light and the suction force is relatively high, so that the detection time is about 2 minutes, and the pressure abnormality can be detected in a relatively short time. In addition, during ventilation operation, the specific gravity of the air inside the box is heavy and the suction force is relatively low, so by setting the detection time to about 10 minutes, it is possible to detect abnormal pressure in a relatively long detection time. It has become.

なお、圧力異常検出時間の設定は、図８に示すようになっており、参照されたい。 The setting of the pressure abnormality detection time is as shown in FIG. 8, and please refer to it.

また、その他の実施例としては、圧力センサによる異常検出において、運転開始時から所定時間、例えば１０分程度は異常検出を行わない方が良い。要するに、乾燥開始時は安定しないので実施しないことが望ましい。 Further, as another embodiment, in the abnormality detection by the pressure sensor, it is better not to perform the abnormality detection for a predetermined time, for example, about 10 minutes from the start of operation. In short, it is not stable at the start of drying, so it is desirable not to carry out.

排塵機２４の作動から圧力センサ２９のオンまでの時間を測定し、閾値を超えていても時間がかかる場合は配管詰りの兆候があるとして異常表示するようにするとよい。 It is advisable to measure the time from the operation of the dust evacuator 24 to the on of the pressure sensor 29, and if it takes time even if the threshold value is exceeded, an abnormality is displayed as a sign of pipe clogging.

また、排塵機の起動時と安定時の２箇所のパターンで圧力測定し、この圧力差が最大になるまでの時間差によって、配管の詰り具合を予防検知する機能を設けておくとよい。つまり、起動時から安定時までの時間が５秒程度の場合は正常、１分程度かかる場合はやや詰り、２分以上になると詰りが発生し対処することが望ましい、
排塵機２４の作動から圧力センサ２９オンまで（閾値を越えるまで）の時間を測定し、閾値を超えず、時間がかかる場合は配管詰りであるとして、その乾燥は終了させるものの、次回の乾燥はできないようにする。 In addition, it is advisable to provide a function for preventing and detecting the degree of clogging of the piping by measuring the pressure in two patterns, one when the dust collector is started and the other when the dust collector is stable, and the time difference until the pressure difference becomes maximum. In other words, if the time from startup to stabilization is about 5 seconds, it is normal, if it takes about 1 minute, it is slightly clogged, and if it is 2 minutes or more, it is clogged and it is desirable to deal with it.
The time from the operation of the dust evacuator 24 to the turning on of the pressure sensor 29 (until the threshold value is exceeded) is measured. Make it impossible.

異常検知し、次回の乾燥はできないようにする状態になった場合、次回の排塵機作動で、閾値を越えて反応した場合はリセットし、乾燥ができる状態にするリセット機能を設けておくとよい。 If an abnormality is detected and the next drying is not possible, the reset function will be provided to reset the duster if it reacts beyond the threshold value at the next operation of the dust collector. Good.

また、異常検知し、次回の乾燥はできないようにする状態になった場合、閾値は超えず、検出までの時間も基準に入らない場合、緊急用のリセットモードを設け、このスイッチの起動はカウントされ数回作動させると、完全に燃焼できないようにするモードを設けることができる。 In addition, if an abnormality is detected and the next drying is not possible, if the threshold is not exceeded and the time until detection does not meet the standard, an emergency reset mode is provided and the activation of this switch is counted. When it is operated several times, a mode can be provided to prevent it from burning completely.

乾燥時間中において、短時間の間で圧力センサが異常を検知し、長時間の場合においては異常検出されない、或いは解除した場合は、配管レイアウト不具合、外乱異常の表示とし、乾燥を継続させるようにする。 During the drying time, the pressure sensor detects an abnormality in a short time, and if the abnormality is not detected or is canceled in a long time, a piping layout defect or disturbance abnormality is displayed and drying is continued. To do.

圧力センサ異常が検出されても、異常表示のみとして、乾燥は停止しないで継続させる。この場合、乾燥速度は低下させ、「おそい」の設定にして安全温度にすることが望ましい。 Even if an abnormality is detected in the pressure sensor, only the abnormality is displayed and the drying is continued without stopping. In this case, it is desirable to reduce the drying rate and set the "slow" setting to a safe temperature.

圧力センサが異常を検知し、次回の乾燥はできないようにする状態になった場合、閾値は超えたが、検知するための時間のみがかかった場合は、配管詰りの兆候は継続していると判断し、乾燥温度を下げて乾燥を開始すればよい。 If the pressure sensor detects an abnormality and the next drying is not possible, the threshold is exceeded, but if it only takes time to detect, the sign of pipe clogging continues. Judgment may be made, the drying temperature may be lowered, and drying may be started.

また、圧力センサが異常を検知し、次回の乾燥はできないようにする状態になった場合、閾値は超えず、検出までの時間も基準に入らない場合、通風乾燥のみ作動できるようにすれば籾むれを防止できる。 In addition, if the pressure sensor detects an abnormality and the next drying is not possible, the threshold value is not exceeded, and if the time until detection does not meet the standard, paddy can be operated only by ventilation drying. Can prevent swelling.

図５には本実施例の穀物乾燥機の操作パネル３２を示し、穀類の張込ボタン３３ａ、通風ボタン３３ｂ、乾燥３３ｃ、排出ボタン３３ｄ、停止ボタン３３ｅが並列配置されており、上記ボタン３３ａ〜３３ｅによりそれぞれの運転操作を行うことができる。熱風温度、水分、残り時間について液晶画面３４に表示可能であり、また、排塵機の異常検出や圧力異常検出時間の設定も前記液晶画面３４に表示するように構成することもできる。なお、緊急停止ボタン４１により乾燥機を緊急停止することもできる。 FIG. 5 shows the operation panel 32 of the grain dryer of this embodiment, in which the grain filling button 33a, the ventilation button 33b, the drying 33c, the discharge button 33d, and the stop button 33e are arranged in parallel, and the buttons 33a to 33a. Each operation can be performed by the 33e. The hot air temperature, moisture, and remaining time can be displayed on the liquid crystal screen 34, and the setting of the abnormality detection of the dust collector and the pressure abnormality detection time can also be displayed on the liquid crystal screen 34. The dryer can also be stopped urgently by pressing the emergency stop button 41.

その他に乾燥休止時間の設定、タイマの設定及び張込量と水分量の設定がそれぞれできるボタン４５ａ、４５ｂとその増減をそれぞれ行う増加ボタン４５ｃと減少ボタン４５ｄが設けられており、それらのボタン４５ａ〜４５による設定値は液晶画面３４に表示される構成になっている。 In addition, buttons 45a and 45b that can set the drying pause time, timer, and the amount of filling and the amount of water, respectively, and an increase button 45c and a decrease button 45d for increasing / decreasing the amount thereof are provided, and these buttons 45a are provided. The set values set to ~ 45 are displayed on the liquid crystal screen 34.

図９〜図１１に示すフローチャートにおいて、まず、張込スイッチ３３ａを押して乾燥機の作動準備を行う(Ｓ１）。最初に前回の穀物乾燥機の作動における排塵機２４の作動履歴に異常があったか、無かったかをチェックする（Ｓ２）。上記チェックで排塵機２４の作動履歴に異常がある場合には穀物乾燥機の張込運転を停止する（Ｓ６）。また、上記チェックで排塵機２４の作動に異常が無い場合には昇降機１６、上部ラセン２３及び拡散羽根３５の作動を開始し、同時に排塵機２４を作動させる（Ｓ３）。 In the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, first, the tension switch 33a is pressed to prepare the dryer for operation (S1). First, it is checked whether or not there is an abnormality in the operation history of the dust collector 24 in the previous operation of the grain dryer (S2). If there is an abnormality in the operation history of the dust collector 24 in the above check, the loading operation of the grain dryer is stopped (S6). If there is no abnormality in the operation of the dust remover 24 in the above check, the elevator 16, the upper spiral 23, and the diffusion blade 35 are started to operate, and the dust remover 24 is operated at the same time (S3).

次に、排塵機２４の作動に異常があったか、無かったかをチェックする(Ｓ４)。排塵機２４の作動については、排塵機２４内の圧力センサ２９の圧力低下があると、排塵機２４に異常あると判断して張込運転を停止する(Ｓ６)。 Next, it is checked whether or not there is an abnormality in the operation of the dust collector 24 (S4). Regarding the operation of the dust evacuator 24, if there is a pressure drop in the pressure sensor 29 in the dust evacuator 24, it is determined that the dust evacuator 24 has an abnormality and the tensioning operation is stopped (S6).

排塵機２４の作動に異常が無い場合には、張込中に穀粒を吸い込まないよう排塵儀２４を停止させる(Ｓ５)。 If there is no abnormality in the operation of the dust evacuator 24, the dust evacuator 24 is stopped so as not to suck the grains during the filling (S5).

次のようにして排塵機２４の点検をすることもできる。例えば、排出ボタン３３ｄと通風ボタン３３ｂを同時にオンすると、排塵機２４だけが作動する点検モードを設けることで、圧力センサ２９が正常か異常かを検出できる。 The dust collector 24 can also be inspected as follows. For example, when the discharge button 33d and the ventilation button 33b are turned on at the same time, it is possible to detect whether the pressure sensor 29 is normal or abnormal by providing an inspection mode in which only the dust collector 24 operates.

次に昇降機１６に取り付けた水分計１７により穀粒の有無を検出する(Ｓ７)。水分計１７による穀粒の検出は水分計１７による検出電流値に基づいて行う。水分計１７が穀粒を検出しない場合は、張り込まれる穀粒が昇降機１６内に無いということであるので、昇降機１６、上部ラセン２３及び拡散羽根３５の作動を停止(Ｓ８)し、穀粒の乾燥運転条件を設定する(Ｓ９)。穀粒の乾燥運転条件とは、目標水分値(設定スイッチ４５b により、例えば１４，５％とする)、乾燥速度（乾燥速度スイッチ４６により行う）をそれぞれ設定することである（Ｓ９）。 Next, the presence or absence of grains is detected by the moisture meter 17 attached to the elevator 16 (S7). The grain is detected by the moisture meter 17 based on the current value detected by the moisture meter 17. If the moisture meter 17 does not detect grains, it means that there are no grains to be loaded in the elevator 16, so the elevator 16, the upper spiral 23, and the diffusion blade 35 are stopped (S8), and the grains are stopped. Drying operation conditions are set (S9). The grain drying operation condition is to set the target moisture value (for example, 14.5% by the setting switch 45b) and the drying rate (performed by the drying rate switch 46), respectively (S9).

次いで乾燥スイッチ３３ｃをオンして（Ｓ１０）、乾燥運転を開始する（Ｓ１１）。ここで、常時作動している圧力センサ２９の検出圧力が低下して異常の範囲内に入ると（Ｓ１２）、異常を警報装置３６の報知で知らせ、また、その異常を履歴として制御装置内のメモリ４７に残す（Ｓ１４）。しかし、上記異常の報知があっても乾燥運転は継続する（Ｓ１３）。そして、目標とする穀類の水分値が得られたら（Ｓ１５）、乾燥運転は停止する（Ｓ１６）。 Next, the drying switch 33c is turned on (S10) to start the drying operation (S11). Here, when the detection pressure of the constantly operating pressure sensor 29 drops and enters the range of abnormality (S12), the abnormality is notified by the notification of the alarm device 36, and the abnormality is recorded as a history in the control device. It is left in the memory 47 (S14). However, the drying operation continues even if the above abnormality is notified (S13). Then, when the target water content of the cereal is obtained (S15), the drying operation is stopped (S16).

穀粒の乾燥が済むと、排出スイッチ３３ｄをオンして（Ｓ１７）、ロータリバルブ３８下部ラセン３９、昇降機１６及び排塵機２４の作動を開始すると、昇降機１６の頂部に設けられた排出シャッタ４０が排出側に切り替わり、排出パイプ４２を通り、穀粒が乾燥機から排出される（Ｓ１８）。 When the grains have been dried, the discharge switch 33d is turned on (S17), and when the operation of the lower racen 39 of the rotary valve 38, the elevator 16 and the dust remover 24 is started, the discharge shutter 40 provided on the top of the elevator 16 is started. Is switched to the discharge side, passes through the discharge pipe 42, and grains are discharged from the dryer (S18).

穀粒の乾燥機からの排出により乾燥機内の穀粒の張込量が設定値より低下したことが、張込量センサ１２で検出されると（Ｓ１９）、排塵機２４をオフとし（Ｓ２０）、昇降機内の水分計１７で穀粒が無いことを検出すると（Ｓ２１）、ロータリバルブ３８、下部ラセン３９及び昇降機１６をオフにして（Ｓ２２）、穀粒の乾燥運転を終了する。 When it is detected by the filling amount sensor 12 that the amount of grains charged in the dryer is lower than the set value due to the discharge of grains from the dryer (S19), the dust collector 24 is turned off (S20). ), When the moisture meter 17 in the elevator detects the absence of grains (S21), the rotary valve 38, the lower spiral 39 and the elevator 16 are turned off (S22), and the grain drying operation is terminated.

次に、少量の穀粒の乾燥に適した張込量の設定スイッチ４５ａをオンとし、または、張込量センサ１２が少量の穀粒を検出すると、設定量以下の少量の穀粒の乾燥を行うと判定し、乾燥スイッチ３３ｃをオンとして（Ｓ２３）乾燥運転を開始するが、排塵機２４はオフ状態で乾燥運転を継続する（Ｓ２４）。 Next, when the setting switch 45a of the filling amount suitable for drying a small amount of grains is turned on, or when the filling amount sensor 12 detects a small amount of grains, the drying of a small amount of grains below the set amount is performed. It is determined that this is to be performed, the drying switch 33c is turned on (S23), and the drying operation is started, but the dust evacuator 24 is turned off and the drying operation is continued (S24).

次いで、圧力センサ２９が設定した吸引圧力以下であるか、否かを検出する（Ｓ２５）。 Next, it is detected whether or not the pressure sensor 29 is equal to or lower than the set suction pressure (S25).

この場合、排塵機２４をオフにしているために圧力センサ２９が圧力を検知しないはずであるが、少量の穀粒の場合には穀粒層が熱風室４全体を覆うことができないため、熱風の一部が穀粒層を通過しないで貯留室２内を吹き抜けて排塵機２４内に入り、圧力センサ２９が圧力を検知する場合がある。従って、圧力センサ２９が設定した圧力以上を検出すると、少量の穀粒が乾燥室５内にあると判断されるので、前記少量の乾燥を継続するために、乾燥運転と停止を設定時間毎（例えば１時間毎）に反復する（Ｓ２６）。こうして目標水分値に到達すると（Ｓ２７）、乾燥運転を停止する（Ｓ３０）。 In this case, the pressure sensor 29 should not detect the pressure because the dust collector 24 is turned off, but in the case of a small amount of grains, the grain layer cannot cover the entire hot air chamber 4. A part of the hot air may blow through the storage chamber 2 without passing through the grain layer and enter the dust evacuator 24, and the pressure sensor 29 may detect the pressure. Therefore, when the pressure sensor 29 detects a pressure equal to or higher than the set pressure, it is determined that a small amount of grains are in the drying chamber 5. Therefore, in order to continue the small amount of drying, the drying operation and the stop are performed every set time ( For example, every hour) is repeated (S26). When the target moisture value is reached in this way (S27), the drying operation is stopped (S30).

また、圧力センサ２９が設定圧力以下を検出すると、乾燥室５内には少量ではあるが、熱風室４全体を覆うレベルの量の穀粒が張り込まれていると判断されるので、通常乾燥運転に移行し、排塵機２４をオンとして乾燥運転を継続させる（Ｓ２８）。そして、目標水分値に到達すると（Ｓ２９）、乾燥運転を停止する（Ｓ３０）。 Further, when the pressure sensor 29 detects that the pressure is equal to or lower than the set pressure, it is determined that the drying chamber 5 is filled with a small amount of grains that covers the entire hot air chamber 4, so that the drying chamber 5 is normally dried. The operation is started, the dust collector 24 is turned on, and the drying operation is continued (S28). Then, when the target moisture value is reached (S29), the drying operation is stopped (S30).

１箱体（乾燥機）
２貯留室
５乾燥室
２１排塵ファン
２４排塵機
２９圧力センサ
1 Box (dryer)
2 Storage room 5 Drying room 21 Dust exhaust fan 24 Dust exhauster 29 Pressure sensor

Claims

A storage chamber (2) for storing grains and a drying chamber (5) for circulating and drying the grains are provided in the box body (1), and dust in the storage chamber (2) is sucked and discharged to the outside of the machine. A determination that determines that the pressure detection value by the dust fan (21), the pressure sensor (29) that detects the pressure of the suction air passing through the dust collector (24), and the pressure sensor (29) is abnormal. A means is provided, and a means for changing the threshold value of the abnormality detection value depending on the grain type is provided .
Anomaly detection is a grain dryer characterized by detecting anomalies below the set pressure of suction air for a set time and making the anomaly detection time for soybeans and buckwheat longer than for paddy and wheat .

A storage chamber (2) for storing grains and a drying chamber (5) for circulating and drying the grains are provided in the box body (1), and dust in the storage chamber (2) is sucked and discharged to the outside of the machine. A determination that determines that the pressure detection value by the dust fan (21), the pressure sensor (29) that detects the pressure of the suction air passing through the dust collector (24), and the pressure sensor (29) is abnormal. A means is provided, and a means for changing the threshold value of the detection value of the abnormality according to the circulation amount of the grain is provided .
The abnormality is detected by detecting a pressure equal to or lower than the set pressure of the suction air for a set time, and the abnormality detection time is longer when the circulation amount of the grain is smaller than when the circulation amount of the grain is large. Grain dryer.

A storage chamber (2) for storing grains and a drying chamber (5) for circulating and drying the grains are provided in the box body (1) , and dust in the storage chamber (2) is sucked and discharged to the outside of the machine. A determination that determines that the pressure detection value by the dust fan (21), the pressure sensor (29) that detects the pressure of the suction air passing through the dust collector (24), and the pressure sensor (29) is abnormal. comprising means, Ri Oh provided with means for changing the threshold value of the detection value of the abnormality by the ventilation operation or the drying operation,
The grain dryer is characterized in that the abnormality is detected by detecting a pressure equal to or lower than the set pressure of the suction air for a set time, and the abnormality detection time during the ventilation operation is longer than that during the drying operation .