JP3968513B2 - Grain moisture measuring device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a grain moisture measuring device for measuring each grain.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a humidity correction method has been proposed in which the influence of the measurement environment humidity is incorporated into an arithmetic expression (for example, JP-A-6-27062). However, in the single grain moisture measuring device, the time to be exposed to the environmental humidity to be measured is different between the first measured grain and the last measured grain. The accuracy is not correct. In particular, in a single-grain moisture meter, since the measurement values of, for example, 100 to 300 grains are averaged in order to ensure measurement accuracy, it takes several minutes for the measurement, so the above tendency is remarkable.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Depending on the single grain moisture value used for the measurement, the amount of fluctuation may vary depending on the case due to moisture absorption or reverse dehumidification while waiting for measurement, but the influence of this fluctuation will be reduced, and high precision measurement will be attempted. Is.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has taken the following technical means.
That is, the invention according to claim 1 is composed of a pair of electrode rolls, and the grain moisture is converted from the specific electrical value generated between the electrode rolls by crushing the grains while rotating in reverse to each other and converted to the moisture value of the grain. A measuring device for measuring the converted moisture value of a plurality of single grain grains, the horizontal axis corresponding to the measured grain order and the vertical axis corresponding to each converted moisture value, a regression equation of these converted moisture values The grain moisture measuring apparatus is provided with a control means that calculates a point of intersection (intercept) with the vertical axis of the regression equation and adopts it as an average moisture value.
[0005]
In this way, taking grains sequentially and measuring moisture, based on the moisture value, the horizontal axis corresponds to the measured grain order, and the vertical axis corresponds to the detected moisture value, and the regression equation is calculated at the time when the predetermined number of grains is measured. It is possible to obtain the average moisture value by obtaining the intersection with the vertical axis of the regression equation, and the moisture status at the initial stage of measurement can be known.
[ 0006 ]
[ 0007 ]
[ 0008 ]
[ 0009 ]
[ 0010 ]
【The invention's effect】
Therefore, the invention according to claim 1 is to obtain the average moisture value by obtaining the intersection with the vertical axis of the regression equation, and since the moisture status at the initial stage of measurement can be known, It becomes a moisture value, and it becomes a moisture value in the state with little influence of humidity, and can improve a moisture measurement precision.
[ 0011 ]
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a machine frame of a grain drying device, which is stacked in the order of a storage chamber 2, a drying chamber 3, and a grain collection chamber 4, and burners in the drying chamber 3 while circulating grains by driving an elevator 5 provided outside. 6 is a publicly known form in which hot air generated by the combustion and the suction fan 7 is bathed and dried.
[0013]
A predetermined amount of grain 8 flows down while rotating forward and reverse by a feeding drum 8. Reference numeral 9 denotes a lower transfer device that communicates with the elevator 5, and 10 denotes an upper transfer device that is connected to the upper side of the elevator 5, and can supply grains to the diffusion plate 11 at the upper part of the storage chamber 2. The burner 6 and the grain circulation mechanism are performed by a computer having a memory for storing a control program necessary for drying control, various data, and the like. That is, the operation panel 12 is provided with a liquid crystal display unit 13, and four push button switches 14 to 17 and an emergency stop switch 18 are arranged slightly apart along the lower edge of the display unit 13. ing. The functions of the switches 14 to 17 are displayed on the display unit 13. In the example shown in the figure, the switches 14 to 17 are configured as operation switches for stretching, drying, discharging, and ventilation in order. This is a configuration that can have different functions.
[0014]
The built-in control unit receives the switch information on the operation panel 12 surface and the detection information from the sensors installed in each part of the dryer machine frame 1 and controls the burner combustion amount, grain circulation system based on the necessary comparison calculation. Start / stop control, display content control of the display unit 13 and the like. The switches on the operation panel 12 can set grain type, set moisture (finishing moisture), amount of penetration, timer increase / decrease, etc., in addition to each setting of tension / dry / discharge / ventilation.
[0015]
FIG. 5 is a control block diagram. In addition to the setting information from the switches, the calculation control unit 19 of the computer built in the control box having the operation panel 12 includes the moisture meter 20 detection information and the throwing unit of the elevator 5. Grain detection information, hot air temperature detection information, and the like of the provided grain flow detector 21 are input. On the other hand, the output information includes a combustion system 22 signal of the burner 6, for example, a fuel supply signal, a flow rate control signal thereof, or a control circuit for a grain circulation system motor 23 such as an up-and-down transfer spiral, an elevator, a feed valve 8, and the like, Signal, display output to each display unit 24, and the like.
[0016]
The elevator 5 is a bucket type, and has a structure in which a large number of buckets 31, 31... Are attached to an endless belt 30, and the outer periphery is covered with a side wall 5 a. Carry to 2. Inside the front side of the side wall 5a of the elevator 5 is installed by inserting the front edge of the grain intake portion 32 of the single-grain moisture meter 20 to the vicinity of the bucket 31 of the endless belt 30 for buckets. Below the bottom discharge port of the take-in portion 32, the start end of the grain feed spiral 33 is looked over.
[0017]
Since the leading edge of the grain take-in portion 32 and the start end of the grain feed spiral 33 are located on the inside of the bucket endless belt 30 on the rising side and the descending belt side, there is no hindrance to the movement of the belt 30 and the bucket 31. . The housing of the single moisture meter 20 includes a frame 34 and a cover 35 that covers the frame 34. The frame 34 includes a bottom plate 36 that divides the elevator 5 along the side surface of the elevator 5, and a partition plate 37 that stands integrally on the bottom plate 36. A motor 38 that is assembled to the frame 34. The control unit 39 and the mechanism unit 40 are partitioned by the partition plate 37.
[0018]
A drive shaft 41 of a motor 38 is passed through the partition plate 37 and fixed horizontally, and a helical gear 42 is fixed to the tip of the drive shaft 41. The second helical gear 43a, the third helical gear 43b, the fourth helical gear 44a, and the fifth helical gear 44b are sequentially arranged in the lower order with the helical gear 42 having the same rotational axis. It is to be engaged. The first electrode roll 46a is fixed to the shaft 45 of the fourth helical gear 44a, and the second electrode roll 46b is fixed to the shaft 47 of the fifth helical gear 44b.
[0019]
In parallel with the partition plate 37, both the intermediate partition 48 made of a transparent resin material and the electrode roll mounting plate 49 are detachably attached to mounting legs 50, 50, which are integrally formed so as to protrude from the partition plate 37. They are fastened together with bolts (not shown). The interval between the partition plate 37 and the intermediate partition 48 is ensured by the presence of the mounting leg portion 50, and the interval between the intermediate partition 48 and the electrode roll mounting plate 49 is a narrow upright portion integrally formed with the mounting plate 49. Secure by 51. Accordingly, the shaft 45 and the shaft 47 are configured such that one end is supported by the partition plate 37 and the other end is supported by the electrode roll mounting plate 49.
[0020]
Further, the rotary shaft 52 of the grain feed spiral 33 is inserted into a predetermined position of the bottom plate 36, and a helical gear 53 is fixed to the rotary shaft 52, and meshes with the helical gear 42 of the drive shaft 41 at a right angle. . FIG. 8 is a rear view of the single-grain moisture meter as seen from the inside of the elevator 5, and the grain taking-in portion 32 protrudes into the elevator 5 from the bottom plate 36, and the opening edge of the upper opening 55 is inclined obliquely downward. The comb-like foreign matter removing body 56 is formed by forming a large area and arranging a plurality of bullets in the opening 55 and fixing the roots thereof.
[0021]
The lower part of the grain intake part 32 narrows the interval in a V-shaped cross section, extends one side to the position just above the grain feed spiral 33, forms a bottom outlet 57 at the lower end on the other side, The tip of the grain feeding spiral 33 is connected. Then, a grain feed plate 58 that is parallel to the grain feed spiral 33 and whose upper edge is rotatably supported on the outside of the grain take-in portion 32 is suspended, and a spring 59 is in contact with the outer periphery of the grain feed spiral 33. Energize.
[0022]
A grain dropping path 60 is provided below the terminal end of the grain feeding spiral 33. A grain jump prevention plate (not shown) is installed in a gap formed between the upper entrance of the grain dropping path 60 and the grain feeding plate 58 to close the gap. In the grain dropping path 60, the pair of electrode rolls 46a and 46b are obliquely formed to form a guide wall toward the approaching parts, and the grain is guided to the gap between the electrode rolls 46a and 46b.
[0023]
One of the electrode rolls 46a has a circular outer periphery, and the other 46b has a circular outer periphery (for example, a hexagonal shape) and a knurled outer peripheral surface.
The grain dropping path 60 is formed by an intermediate partition 48 approaching the left and right of the electrode rolls 46a and 46b and the electrode roll mounting plate 49, and the interval between them is a crushing portion formed by both electrode rolls 46a and 46b. In the vicinity, it is narrowly formed to prevent the intrusion of crushed grains. That is, the inner wall surfaces of the intermediate partition 48 and the electrode roll mounting plate 49 are formed in a slightly bulging shape so that the interval near the crushing portion is narrowed.
[0024]
In addition, the grain feeding spiral 33 forms a shallow concave portion 63 corresponding to one grain of grain between two linear protrusions on the outer periphery of the cylindrical body, except for a certain range at the tip of the grain feeding spiral 33, The outer side of the two linear protrusions is cut into a trapezoidal cross section to form a spiral deep groove 64.
[0025]
65 is a discharge guide part of the crushed grain provided along the lower side of the electrode rolls 46a, 46b disposed in an inclined manner, and this crushed grain is reduced and guided to the elevator space. The discharge guide portion 65 is formed in the same manner as the upright portion 51 formed integrally with the electrode roll mounting plate 48.
[0026]
The control unit 39 constitutes various control circuits on the circuit board 66, and the board 66 is configured with a weak electric circuit up to several volts as a whole. On the other hand, the high power unit represented by the motor transformer 67 is configured to be supported on the bottom plate 36 between the motor 38 and the control unit 39 at a position away from the substrate 66, for example.
[0027]
68 is a harness for connecting the control unit having the operation panel 12 to the control unit 39 of the moisture meter and the motor transformer 67. The harness 69 forms an opening 69 in the bottom plate 36, and the elevator 5 has an opening 69 in the opening 69. A tunnel-shaped through cylinder 70 having a rectangular cross section is provided over the front and rear of the elevator 5.
[0028]
The cover 35 has an inverted dish shape, and is attached so as to be in contact with the upper end surfaces of the partition plate 37, the intermediate partition 48, and the electrode roll mounting plate 49. The motor 38, the control board 66, and the motor transformer 67 are divided into a control unit 39, a transmission mechanism unit 40a that arranges gears up and down, and a detection mechanism unit 40b that includes a pair of electrode rolls 46a and 46b.
[0029]
The function of the control unit 39 will be described. A moisture measurement signal is output from the control unit 39 at predetermined time intervals. For example, every 15 minutes. When the moisture measurement signal is output, the motor 38 is activated to rotate and link each part, and grain intake starts, and an electrical resistance signal for each grain is input as the moisture measurement signal. The control unit 39 converts the electric resistance signals from the measurement electrode rolls 46a and 46b into voltage signals while inputting them, and applies the following conversion formula to calculate the moisture value. That is,
M = a * Er + b + c * (Tr-To)
Here, M is a moisture value, a, b and c are moisture conversion coefficients, Er is a detection voltage signal, Tr is an electrode temperature, and To is a reference temperature.
[0030]
The above measurement for each single grain is performed continuously for 200 grains, for example. In the control unit 39, the result is shown in FIGS. 11 (b) and 11 (b), with the horizontal axis (x) corresponding to the measured grain order (single grain measurement times) and the vertical axis (y) corresponding to each converted moisture value. The regression equation (y = px + q) by the least square method of these converted moisture values is obtained, and the intersection (intercept) with the vertical axis (y) of this regression equation is obtained and adopted as the average moisture value. (FIG. 10).
[0031]
For example, the condition in the case of FIG.
籾 Moisture value 11.0%, outside air temperature 25 ° C, relative humidity 85%,
Average moisture value of 200 grains measured: 11.3%
Whereas
Average moisture value by regression equation (intersection with vertical axis (y-intercept)): 11.1%
Thus, the error is reduced. Incidentally,
Average moisture value of 300 grains measured: 11.4%
Average moisture value of 100 grains measured: 11.2%
As the number of grains measured decreases, the actual moisture value (11.0%) becomes closer, but the average moisture value according to the above regression equation has a smaller error than the average moisture value limited to 100 grains and improves accuracy. Is seen.
[0032]
Similarly, in the case of FIG.
Conditions: 籾 moisture value 15.0%, ambient temperature 25 ° C, relative humidity 40%
Average moisture value of 300 grains measured: 14.4%
100 grains average moisture content: 14.5%
Average moisture value of 100 grains measured: 14.7%
Average moisture value by regression equation (intersection with vertical axis (y-intercept)): 14.9%
Thus, it can be seen that the error is reduced rather than being limited to the measurement of 100 grains.
[0033]
In addition, in FIG. 11 (A) or (B) above, when the gradient is abnormally large during measurement, it indicates that moisture has been absorbed from the surrounding environment, and when the gradient is abnormally small (negative), the ambient environment. It is possible to display that moisture has been released, and by judging these conditions, the improvement of the measurement environment is promoted, leading to improved reliability.
[0034]
Next, another embodiment based on FIG. 12 will be described. Reference numeral 72 denotes a humidity detecting means for detecting the humidity in the vicinity of the electrode rolls 46a and 46b, 73 is a temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature in the vicinity of the roll, and the humidity detection result is transmitted to the control section 39. The following control is performed. That is, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 12, the ambient temperature and humidity of the moisture meter 20 are detected to determine whether or not the humidity is in an appropriate range. And the change in the number of measured grains is displayed. On the other hand, when it is within the appropriate range, the routine proceeds to step 113, where moisture measurement is started. When the number N of measurement grains set in advance (for example, 100 grains, 200 grains, 300 grains, etc.) is reached, the average moisture value is displayed and output. The conditions for changing the number of measured grains are, for example, as shown in FIG. 13, where the vertical axis is the limited number of measured grains, the horizontal axis is the relative humidity, and the limited measurement is divided according to the difference in the outside air temperature. In this configuration, the number of grains can be determined. For example, if the relative temperature falls below 50% at an outside air temperature of 10 ° C. ((i) in the figure), the number of limited measurement grains is reduced from 300 grains to 200 grains. Below about 45%, it is limited to 100 grains. As an example, in the measurement under the conditions of a moisture value of 11.0%, an outside air temperature of 25 ° C., and a relative humidity of 85%,
300 grains measurement Average moisture value 11.4%
200 grains measured Average moisture value 11.3%
100 grains measurement Average moisture value 11.2%
Therefore, the error can be eliminated by limiting the measurement to 100 grains.
[0035]
Next, FIG. 14 is configured so that the measurement is interrupted. When the humidity does not fall within the appropriate range in step 203, “inappropriate humidity” and “not measurable” are displayed, and the motor 38 is stopped and output. The measurement is suspended. In the example of FIG. 13, when the humidity is less than 40% under the condition of the outside air temperature of 10 ° C., the number of target particles is “0”, that is, the measurement is interrupted as described above.
[0036]
If it shows by an experimental value, in the measurement under the conditions of the soot moisture value 15.0%, the outside air temperature 25 ° C., and the relative humidity 40%,
300 grains measurement Average moisture value 14.4%
200 grains measurement Average moisture value 14.5%
100 grains measured Average moisture value 14.7%
This is based on the standard setting of “interruption of measurement” when the accuracy is 0.2% or more.
[0037]
FIG. 15 is intended to limit the number of measured grains based on the relationship between the measured moisture value M (%) and the equilibrium moisture value Me (%) of the koji. The difference ΔM (%) between the average moisture value M (%) obtained by the measurement and the equilibrium moisture value Me (%) of the soot due to the humidity is calculated, and the ΔM and the number of limited measurement grains are previously stored in the control unit 39. (For example, FIG. 16) is stored, and the limit measurement grain number is determined and the grain number change setting and display are performed (S315).
[0038]
In the above-described embodiment, the configuration is such that the number of measured grains is managed. However, when the relationship between the measurement time and the interruption (standby) time is kept constant, a configuration in which the interruption time is managed to be long or short may be used. The same effect as in the case of directly controlling the number of grains can be obtained.
The operation of the above example will be described. When the basic screen is called and the switch 14 is turned ON, the grain to be dried put into the hopper is stuck into the storage unit 2 through the elevator 5. When the insertion is completed, the stop switch 16 is turned on to temporarily stop each part. Next, the switch 15 is turned on to shift to the drying operation, the screen is switched to the grain type / drying mode setting screen, the grain type setting switch 14 is pressed in the preceding stage to set the type of the overhanging grain to soybean, and drying. Select and set the mode. The desired dry finish moisture value is set with the moisture setting function switch in the same manner on a separate setting screen.
[0039]
By doing so, the elevator 5 up / down transfer spiral, the feeding valve and the like start operation, and the burner 6 is also driven to start hot air drying. Here, the hot air temperature is determined in advance for each selected grain type, and the hot air temperature is determined according to the drying speed, and the hot air is flowing down the grain flow path of the drying chamber 3. It acts and dries, and returns to the storage chamber 2 from the cereal collection chamber 4 through the elevator 5 and undergoes a tempering operation. Such circulation is repeated until the predetermined moisture is reached.
[0040]
During the drying operation, moisture measurement is performed at predetermined time intervals. That is, a drive command signal is output to the single moisture meter motor 38 at predetermined time intervals. A part of the grain scraped up by the bucket 31 in the elevator 5 overflows and a part of the grain is received between the grain feeding spiral 33 and the grain feeding plate 58 via the grain taking-in part 32, and one grain. Each time it is introduced into the grain feed spiral 33 end side, that is, into the moisture meter body. It passes through the grain dropping path 60 from the end of the grain feeding spiral 3 and is guided between the electrode rolls 46 a and 46 b of the moisture measuring means 46. The electrode rolls 46a and 46b are rotated in reverse from each other by the rotation of the motor 38. Each time the rotation sensor 71 detects the electrode rolls 46a and 46b, the electrode rolls 46a and 46b must be stopped for a predetermined short time. While picking up the grains between the electrode rolls 46 a and 46 b and pressing and flattening, the electrical resistance value is detected, and the converted voltage value is sent to the control unit 39.
[0041]
In the control unit 39, a converted voltage signal corresponding to the measured electric resistance value is input. The predetermined number of grains is averaged and displayed on the display unit 13 screen as an average moisture value of the grains.
FIG. 17 relates to the improvement of the temperature correction of the moisture meter, and the ambient temperature and humidity of the moisture meter 20 are detected simultaneously with the moisture measurement, and the number of particles to be measured is set. The control unit 39 includes a temperature detection unit 75 that detects the temperature of the shaft support of the detection rolls 46a and 46b, a unit 76 that detects the temperature around the moisture meter, and a unit 77 that detects the grain temperature. The control unit 39 is configured to perform temperature correction with values calculated from these three values. That is, the moisture value M is
Moisture value M = a × Er + b + α (Th−T0)
It shall be calculated by Here, Er is a moisture voltage, b is a constant, α is a temperature correction coefficient (usually −0.1% / ° C.), Th is a correction temperature, and T0 is a reference temperature (usually 20 ° C.).
[0042]
Th = k1 × Tg + (1-k1) Trt
Trt = k2 * Tr + (1-k2) * Ta
Here, k1 and k2 are constants, Tg is the grain temperature, Trt is the electrode temperature, Tr is the electrode shaft support temperature, and Ta is the moisture meter ambient temperature. The value taken by the constant k1 varies depending on electrode crushing conditions, that is, electrode rotation speed, electrode gap conditions, grain specific heat (grain type, grain moisture region), grain temperature, and electrode temperature. When used in a grain dryer, the grain temperature may increase by about 20 ° C. from the electrode temperature, and in a hulling machine or storage facility, the electrode temperature may increase by about 10 ° C. from the grain temperature. k1 = 0.2 to 0.8 is appropriate.
[0043]
Further, regarding the constant k2, this value varies depending on the conditions for installing the moisture meter. That is, when it is arranged in the elevator of the grain dryer as in this embodiment, Ta is used as the outside air temperature detecting means for controlling the dryer, but when the inside of the elevator communicates with the hot air chamber, it communicates with the exhaust chamber. Moisture analyzer heat dissipation conditions vary depending on the dryer type. k2 = 0.3 to 0.7 is considered appropriate.
[0044]
Therefore, Th = k1 * Tg + (1-k1) Trt
= K1 * Tg + (1-k1) (k2 * Tr + (1-k2) * Ta)
= K1 * Tg + (1-k1) k2 * Tr + (1-k1) (1-k2) * Ta
= K3 x Tg + k4 x Tr + k5 x Ta
k3 + k4 + k5 = 1
As described above, the moisture meter correction temperature includes the temperature detection means 75 for detecting the temperature of the shaft support portion of the detection rolls 46a and 46b, the means 76 for detecting the temperature around the moisture meter, and the means 77 for detecting the grain temperature. In the case of a compact design like the moisture meter configuration, the generated heat is conducted by driving the motor 39, and the temperature of the electrode rises via the electrode rotation shaft as the number of measurements increases. However, since the accurate temperature cannot be grasped only by measuring the electrode temperature as in the prior art, there is a drawback that the temperature correction accuracy deteriorates.
[0045]
Therefore, if configured as described above, the true electrode temperature existing between the electrode support (shaft support) temperature and the moisture meter ambient temperature can be easily captured, and accurate temperature correction can be performed. became.
The weight constants k3, k4, and k5 are set according to the type and model of the grain dryer as shown in FIG. Although the heat release conditions of the moisture meter installed in the elevator differ depending on the model and model of the dryer, in addition, since the grain conditions differ depending on the far infrared drying method, dehumidification drying method, etc., the calculation constants related to each temperature are set differently This makes it possible to share the same moisture meter with multiple models.
[0046]
In the above-described embodiment, the temperature correction accuracy includes the temperature detecting means 75 for detecting the temperature of the shaft support portion of the detection rolls 46a and 46b, the means 76 for detecting the temperature around the moisture meter, and the means 77 for detecting the grain temperature. However, the control unit 39 may input detection results of the temperature detection means 75 and the grain temperature detection means 77 and calculate a correction temperature according to the difference between them. That is, the above formula,
Th = k3 × Tg + k4 × Tr + k5 × Ta
k3 + k4 + k5 = 1
In
When Trt> Tg, k1 = 0.50-0.80
When Trt ≦ Tg, k1 = 0.20-0.50
By adopting within this range, stable temperature correction can be performed. Note that the heat transfer between the electrode and the grain differs depending on the direction, and when the temperature is higher than the electrode temperature, the grain temperature at the moment of gripping between the electrodes may increase due to the heat transfer from the electrode to the grain. The degree is moderate and no large temperature rise occurs. On the other hand, when the grain temperature is higher than the electrode temperature, the grain temperature at the moment of gripping between the electrodes causes a drop in grain temperature due to the heat transfer from the grain to the electrode, which is abrupt and causes a considerable temperature drop. . These are due to the difference in specific heat between each other, and in order to estimate the instantaneous grain temperature, it is possible to easily and stably perform temperature correction by changing the weights applied to both temperatures.
[0047]
As a simple configuration, the control unit 39 inputs both detection values from the temperature detecting means 75 for detecting the temperature of the shaft support portion of the detection rolls 46a and 46b and the means 76 for detecting the temperature around the moisture meter. There is a method in which an intermediate value between both detection values is used for temperature correction.
[0048]
FIG. 19 relates to the configuration of the outside air humidity detection. Conventionally, when outside air humidity information is used for drying control (for example, Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 7-56428), if the humidity detecting means is installed outside the apparatus, it is necessary to deal with a dustproof cover or the like, and ventilation is required to ensure the ventilation inside the cover. When it is necessary to add a fan, or when a humidity detection means is provided in the control box that houses the control panel of the dryer, appropriate humidity detection cannot be performed due to the heat generated by peripheral equipment, and correction is made experimentally. However, temperature compensation is unavoidable depending on the installation conditions of the dryer and the environmental conditions of use. Therefore, a temperature detecting means (neighboring temperature sensor) 82 for detecting the temperature near the humidity detecting means (humidity sensor) 81 installed in the control box 80 serving as a cover member for accommodating the control panel 12 of the dryer is provided and controlled. By detecting the humidity information in the box 80 and converting it to the humidity corresponding to the outside air temperature information obtained from the outside air temperature detecting means (outside air temperature sensor) 83 outside the dryer, an appropriate humidity is measured, and drying control is performed. High accuracy is ensured. 84 is a filter screen and 85 is a control board.
[0049]
For this reason, the humidity sensor 81 is provided in the control box 80, the vicinity temperature sensor 82 is provided in the vicinity thereof, and the water vapor partial pressure in the control box 80 is calculated from both. At that time, the saturated water vapor pressure in the outside air temperature sensor 83 is calculated, and the outside air relative humidity is calculated from the ratio of the water vapor partial pressure and the saturated water vapor pressure.
[0050]
Specifically, as shown in the wet air diagram, the saturated water vapor pressure corresponding to the environmental temperature is stored in advance as data, the corresponding saturated water vapor pressure is obtained from the temperature information in the control box 80, and the control box 80 The partial pressure of water vapor Psb (mmHg) in the control box 80 can be calculated by multiplying the humidity information (relative humidity). Next, the corresponding outside air saturated water vapor pressure Pssa (mmHg) is obtained from the outside temperature information of the control box 80, and the outside air relative humidity Rha (= (Psb / Pssa) × 100) is calculated from the ratio to the water vapor partial pressure Psb ( FIG. 20). Therefore, it is possible to measure an appropriate humidity and to achieve high accuracy in drying control. Here, the amount of water vapor in the control box is calculated by assuming that the amount of water vapor in the control box is equal to the amount of water vapor in the outside air because it communicates with the outside through the filter screen 84. Such calculation of the relative humidity of the outside air can be applied to humidity control of various dryers other than the grain dryer and environment control in the cultivation house.
[0051]
The water vapor partial pressure Psb in the control box 80 is obtained, and since the water vapor partial pressure Psb information corresponds to the humidity information of the outside air, a drying speed corresponding to the humidity change is obtained by changing the drying temperature according to the magnitude. (FIG. 21).
FIG. 22 shows an improvement of humidity control in the dryer. It is as described above that the humidity detection value is affected by the temperature rise in the control box 80. Therefore, the outside air humidity detecting means (outside air humidity sensor) 90 is arranged outside the control box 80, the means for detecting the temperature in the control box 80 (control box internal temperature sensor) 91 is provided, and the outside air of the dryer is further provided. Means (outside temperature sensor) 92 for detecting temperature is provided. And the value of each sensor is read, the difference between the detected temperature of the outside air temperature sensor 92 and the detected temperature of the temperature sensor 91 in the control box is obtained, and the detected value of the outside air humidity is corrected from this difference value. For example, it calculates using the following calculation formulas from the input voltage (humidity voltage) from a humidity sensor.
[0052]
Humidity = (γ x (humidity voltage + ((outside temperature-control box internal temperature) x δ) + η)
γ, δ, η are constants, γ, η are determined by environmental conditions, and δ is determined by the humidity voltage.
As described above, knowing the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the control box 80 and correcting the detected humidity improves the humidity detection accuracy, and in turn improves the accuracy of correction control of the drying hot air temperature during drying due to humidity. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a grain dryer.
FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of a grain dryer.
FIG. 3 is a front view of the control box of the control box.
FIG. 4 is a control block diagram.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a moisture meter.
FIG. 6 is a front sectional view of a moisture meter.
FIG. 7 is a side sectional view of a moisture meter.
FIG. 8 is a rear view of the moisture meter.
FIG. 9 is a control block diagram of the moisture meter.
FIG. 10 is a flowchart.
11A and 11B are graphs showing actual measured values of measured moisture and regression equations.
FIG. 12 is a flowchart.
FIGS. 13A and 13B are graphs showing the relationship between relative humidity and the number of limited measured grains.
FIG. 14 is a flowchart.
FIG. 15 is a flowchart.
FIG. 16 is a graph showing the relationship between the difference between the equilibrium moisture value and the detected moisture value and the number of limited measured grains.
FIG. 17 is a flowchart.
FIG. 18 is a graph showing set constants according to a dryer model.
FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a control box unit.
FIG. 20 is a flowchart showing an outline of calculation.
FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing a calculation outline.
FIG. 22 is a flowchart.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Dryer frame, 2 ... Storage chamber, 3 ... Drying chamber, 4 ... Grain collection room, 5 ... Elevator, 6 ... Burner, 7 ... Suction fan, 8 ... Feeding valve, 9 ... Lower transfer device, 10 ... Upper transfer Device: 11 ... Diffusion platen 12 ... Control panel 13 ... Display unit 19 ... (Dryer) control unit 20 ... Moisture meter 46a, 46b ... Electrode roll 39 ... (Moisture meter) control unit

Claims (1)

A grain moisture measuring device comprising a pair of electrode rolls, crushing grains while rotating reversely to each other, and converting the specific electrical value generated between the electrode rolls into a moisture value of the grains, comprising a plurality of single grain grains The conversion water value is measured, the horizontal axis is associated with the order of the grains to be measured, the vertical axis is associated with each converted water value, and a means for calculating a regression equation of these converted water values is provided. A grain moisture measuring device comprising control means for obtaining an intersection (intercept) with the vertical axis and adopting it as an average moisture value .

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