JP6859069B2 - 車両用アンダーカバーの製造方法 - Google Patents
車両用アンダーカバーの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6859069B2 JP6859069B2 JP2016209148A JP2016209148A JP6859069B2 JP 6859069 B2 JP6859069 B2 JP 6859069B2 JP 2016209148 A JP2016209148 A JP 2016209148A JP 2016209148 A JP2016209148 A JP 2016209148A JP 6859069 B2 JP6859069 B2 JP 6859069B2
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Description
特許文献1には、グラスファイバーとオレフィン系樹脂を混合した単層の芯材の両面にオレフィン系樹脂の補強層を設けて一体形成した自動車用アンダーカバーが開示されている。
まず、図1〜9に示される例を参照して本発明に含まれる技術の概要を説明する。尚、本願の図は模式的に例を示す図であり、これらの図に示される各方向の拡大率は異なることがあり、各図は整合していないことがある。むろん、本技術の各要素は、符号で示される具体例に限定されない。
本技術の一態様に係る車両用アンダーカバー1は、第一繊維層10と第二繊維層20とを有し、一体的にプレス成形されている。前記第一繊維層10は、無機繊維11、及び、固化した熱可塑性バインダー12を含み、ニードルパンチされている。前記第二繊維層20は、無機繊維21、及び、固化した熱可塑性バインダー22を含み、同じくニードルパンチされている。本車両用アンダーカバー1は、前記第一繊維層10と前記第二繊維層20との間に脆弱層30が形成された状態で前記第一繊維層10と前記第二繊維層20とが互いに接着している。
熱可塑性バインダーは、繊維状でもよいし、繊維状でなくてもよい。
第一繊維層には、無機繊維と熱可塑性バインダー以外の材料が含まれてもよい。第二繊維層も、無機繊維と熱可塑性バインダー以外の材料が含まれてもよい。第一繊維層と第二繊維層とは、同じ組成でもよいし異なる組成でもよく、同じ厚みでもよいし異なる厚みでもよい。
脆弱層は、車両用アンダーカバーをその厚み方向へ引っ張ったときに剥がれる層を意味する。
車両用アンダーカバーは、無機繊維及び固化した熱可塑性バインダーを含んでニードルパンチされた別の繊維層、表皮層、等といった別の層を有してもよい。
図3等に例示するように、本車両用アンダーカバー1は、合成樹脂繊維43、及び、固化した熱可塑性バインダー44を含む表皮層40を、車体101側の面23と車外側の面13との少なくとも一方に有してもよい。この態様は、表面に合成樹脂繊維43と熱可塑性バインダーを含む表皮層40があるので、空力性能及び耐着氷性能を向上させることが可能な車両用アンダーカバーを提供することができる。
尚、車両用アンダーカバーに表皮層が無い場合も、本技術に含まれる。
図7,8に例示するように、本車両用アンダーカバー1は、部分的に薄くされた厚み低減部1T、及び、該厚み低減部1Tの周りにある一般部1Gを有してもよい。前記厚み低減部1Tにおける車外側の面13の算術平均粗さRa(T)は、前記一般部1Gにおける車外側の面13の算術平均粗さRa(G)よりも小さくてもよい。この態様は、車両が縁石等といった障害物に乗り上げてアンダーカバー1が車両構成部品と障害物とに挟まれた時に引き裂かれ難いので、耐久性を向上させることが可能な車両用アンダーカバーを提供することができる。
尚、車両用アンダーカバーに厚み低減部が無い場合も、本技術に含まれる。
ところで、本技術の一態様に係る車両用アンダーカバー1の製造方法は、無機繊維11及び熱可塑性バインダー12を含んでニードルパンチされた第一繊維材61と、無機繊維21及び熱可塑性バインダー22を含んでニードルパンチされた第二繊維材62、とを重ねた積層材料50を加熱してプレス成形することにより、前記第一繊維材61から形成される第一繊維層10と、前記第二繊維材62から形成される第二繊維層20と、の間に脆弱層30が形成された状態で前記第一繊維層10と前記第二繊維層20とが互いに接着している車両用アンダーカバー1を製造する、態様を有する。
図1,2は、アンダーカバーを有する自動車の例を模式的に示している。図1,2に示す自動車100は、道路上で使用されるように設計及び装備された路上走行自動車であり、車体101に囲まれた車室CA1を有する乗用自動車であるものとする。これらの図中、FRONT、REAR、LEFT、RIGHT、UP、DOWNは、それぞれ、前、後、左、右、上、下を示す。左右の位置関係は、車室CA1内の運転席に座って前を見る方向を基準とする。図1に示す自動車100において、前輪のタイヤ111と後輪のタイヤ112が路面200と接触している。
プレス成形された第二繊維層20は、無機繊維21、及び、固化した熱可塑性バインダー22を含み、ニードルパンチされている。図3では、無機繊維21が細線で示され、固化した熱可塑性バインダー22は無機繊維21の周りにある。第二繊維層20には、車外側の面(第一繊維層10との接触面)と車体側の面(表皮層42との接触面)とを結ぶニードルパンチの跡25もある。第二繊維層20は、通気性があるため、厚み方向D1へ空気が流通可能であり、吸音性能を発揮する。
プレス成形されたアンダーカバー1の車体101側の面23には、合成樹脂繊維43、及び、固化した熱可塑性バインダー44を含む表皮層42が形成されている。図3では、合成樹脂繊維43が細線で示され、固化した熱可塑性バインダー44は合成樹脂繊維43の周りにある。図3に示す表皮層42は、第二繊維層20における車体101側の面(脆弱層30とは反対側の面)に接着されている。多くの場合、アンダーカバー1の車体側の面23には、凹凸が形成されている。表皮層42は、通気性があるため、厚み方向D1へ空気が流通可能であり、吸音性能を発揮する。
尚、繊維材60の熱可塑性バインダー12,22が繊維でない場合も、本技術に含まれる。
尚、第一繊維材61(すなわち第一繊維層10)と第二繊維材62(すなわち第二繊維層20)とは、構成成分の種類が同じでも異なってもよいし、繊維の直径が同じでも異なってもよいし、繊維の長さが同じでも異なってもよいし、繊維の断面形状が同じでも異なってもよいし、構成成分の配合比が同じでも異なってもよい。
尚、表皮材70の熱可塑性バインダー44が繊維でない場合も、本技術に含まれる。
尚、車外側の表皮材71(すなわち表皮層41)と車体側の表皮材72(すなわち表皮層42)とは、構成成分の種類が同じでも異なってもよいし、繊維の直径が同じでも異なってもよいし、繊維の長さが同じでも異なってもよいし、繊維の断面形状が同じでも異なってもよいし、構成成分の配合比が同じでも異なってもよい。
アンダーカバーの剛性は、アンダーカバーの厚みの3乗にほぼ比例する。ここで、表皮層を除く芯材層として、無機繊維と熱可塑性バインダーとを含んでニードルパンチされた繊維層が1層しか無い場合、アンダーカバーの厚みが制限されてしまう。また、芯材層を発泡樹脂で形成する場合、発泡剤のコストが高いため、結果として製品コストが高くなってしまう。
次に、図9等を参照してアンダーカバー1の製造方法の例を説明する。
図9は、図3で示したような各層41,10,20,42を有するアンダーカバー1を製造する具体例を示している。図9に示す製造方法では、まず、各層41,10,20,42をそれぞれ形成するための表皮材71、ニードルパンチされた第一繊維材61、ニードルパンチされた第二繊維材62、及び、表皮材72を順に重ねる(材料積層工程S1)。
尚、本工程S3や予備プレス工程S2の加熱は、赤外線ヒーターによる輻射加熱、サクションヒーター(熱風循環ヒーター)による熱風加熱、熱プレスによる接触加熱、これらの組合せ、等により行うことができる。
以上説明したようにして、図3で示したような脆弱層30が第一繊維層10と第二繊維層20との間に形成されたアンダーカバー1を製造することができる。むろん、図6A〜6Dで示したアンダーカバー1も、同様の製造方法により製造することができる。
また、車両が障害物に乗り上がった時に車両構成部品と障害物とに挟まれ易い位置に設定されている厚み低減部1Tが一般部1Gよりも滑らかであるので、障害物の接触に対して動摩擦力が小さく、車両構成部品と障害物とに挟まれた時に引き裂かれ難い。
以下、実施例を示して具体的に本発明を説明するが、本発明は以下の例により限定されるものではない。
第一繊維材61には、ガラス繊維(無機繊維11の例)とPP繊維(熱可塑性バインダー12の例)を含んでニードルパンチされた繊維材(目付550g/m2)を用いた。第二繊維材62には、ガラス繊維(無機繊維12の例)とPP繊維(熱可塑性バインダー22の例)を含んでニードルパンチされた繊維材(目付550g/m2)を用いた。車外側の表皮材71には、PET繊維(合成樹脂繊維43の例)とPP繊維(熱可塑性バインダー44の例)を含む不織布(目付200g/m2)を用いた。車体側の表皮材72は、使用しなかった。
表皮材71と第一繊維材61と第二繊維材62を順に重ね、図9で示した製造方法に従って、一般部1Gの厚みT1が7mm、厚み低減部1Tの厚みT2が1.5mmとなるように、図6Aで示したようなアンダーカバー1のサンプルを形成した。
以上より、所要の厚みを有する車両用アンダーカバーを安価な製造方法により提供することができることが確認された。
本発明は、他にも種々の変形例が考えられる。
例えば、表皮層41と第一繊維層10との間に別の層が存在してもよいし、第二繊維層20と表皮層42との間に別の層が存在してもよい。
以上説明したように、本発明によると、種々の態様により、安価な製造方法により得られ、所要の厚みを有する車両用アンダーカバー、及び、その製造方法等の技術を提供することができる。むろん、独立請求項に係る構成要件のみからなる技術でも、上述した基本的な作用、効果が得られる。
また、上述した例の中で開示した各構成を相互に置換したり組み合わせを変更したりした構成、公知技術及び上述した例の中で開示した各構成を相互に置換したり組み合わせを変更したりした構成、等も実施可能である。本発明は、これらの構成等も含まれる。
1c…フロントフロアアンダーカバー、1d…リヤフロアアンダーカバー、
1G…一般部、1T…厚み低減部、
10…第一繊維層、20…第二繊維層、
11,21…無機繊維、12,22…熱可塑性バインダー、
13…車外側の面、23…車体側の面、
15,25…ニードルパンチの跡、
30…脆弱層、
40…表皮層、41…車外側の表皮層、42…車体側の表皮層、
43…合成樹脂繊維、44…熱可塑性バインダー、
50…積層材料、
60…繊維材、61…第一繊維材、62…第二繊維材、
70…表皮材、71…車外側の表皮材、72…車体側の表皮材、
100…自動車、101…車体、111,112…タイヤ、200…路面、
300…プレス成形装置、310,320…型、
CA1…車室、D1…厚み方向。
Claims (1)
- 無機繊維及び熱可塑性バインダーを含んでニードルパンチされた第一繊維材と、無機繊維及び熱可塑性バインダーを含んでニードルパンチされた第二繊維材、とを重ねた積層材料を加熱してプレス成形することにより、前記第一繊維材から形成される第一繊維層と、前記第二繊維材から形成される第二繊維層と、の間に脆弱層が形成された状態で前記第一繊維層と前記第二繊維層とが互いに接着している車両用アンダーカバーを製造する、車両用アンダーカバーの製造方法。
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JP7188000B2 (ja) * | 2018-11-12 | 2022-12-13 | マツダ株式会社 | 自動車のアンダーカバー |
JP7430043B2 (ja) * | 2019-07-26 | 2024-02-09 | 日本バイリーン株式会社 | 表面材および車両用外装材 |
DE102019135323A1 (de) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-06-24 | Audi Ag | Unterbodenschutzelement aus thermoplastischem Kunststoffmaterial für ein Kraftfahrzeug, Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Unterbodenschutzelement sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Unterbodenschutzelements |
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JP3945371B2 (ja) * | 2002-10-25 | 2007-07-18 | 豊田合成株式会社 | 外装材及びそれを備えたアンダープロテクター |
JP2004217052A (ja) * | 2003-01-14 | 2004-08-05 | Toyoda Spinning & Weaving Co Ltd | 車両用内装材及び車両用内装材の製造方法 |
JP3941745B2 (ja) * | 2003-06-03 | 2007-07-04 | 豊田合成株式会社 | 外装材を備えたアンダープロテクター |
JP2006240408A (ja) | 2005-03-02 | 2006-09-14 | Hirotani:Kk | 自動車用軽量・吸音型アンダーカバー |
KR101492525B1 (ko) * | 2005-04-01 | 2015-02-11 | 부케예 테크놀로지스 인코포레이티드 | 방음용 부직포 재료 및 제조방법 |
WO2009042996A1 (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-02 | Lydall, Inc. | A molded and shaped acoustical insulating vehicle panel and method of making the same |
DE102009007891A1 (de) * | 2009-02-07 | 2010-08-12 | Willsingh Wilson | Resonanz-Schallabsorber in mehrschichtiger Ausführung |
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JP2018069813A (ja) | 2018-05-10 |
CN107984818B (zh) | 2020-06-23 |
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