JP6823899B2 - 位相差フィルム、円偏光板及び画像表示装置 - Google Patents
位相差フィルム、円偏光板及び画像表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6823899B2 JP6823899B2 JP2015083626A JP2015083626A JP6823899B2 JP 6823899 B2 JP6823899 B2 JP 6823899B2 JP 2015083626 A JP2015083626 A JP 2015083626A JP 2015083626 A JP2015083626 A JP 2015083626A JP 6823899 B2 JP6823899 B2 JP 6823899B2
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- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 112
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- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 22
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- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 17
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- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
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- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
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- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical group C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 7
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- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
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- HADKRTWCOYPCPH-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethylphenylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 HADKRTWCOYPCPH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- CNUJLMSKURPSHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctadecyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CNUJLMSKURPSHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QOQNJVLFFRMJTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCC QOQNJVLFFRMJTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUUHFRRPHJEEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripotassium borate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] WUUHFRRPHJEEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCTAHLRCZMOTKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylphosphane Chemical compound CCCP(CCC)CCC KCTAHLRCZMOTKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGKLOLBTFWFKOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-nonylphenyl) phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)CCCCCCCCC)OC1=CC=CC=C1CCCCCCCCC WGKLOLBTFWFKOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQBLOZGVRHAYGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris-decyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCC QQBLOZGVRHAYGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Description
即ち、本発明は以下を要旨とする。
波長450nmにおける位相差(R450)と、波長550nmにおける位相差(R550)との比である波長分散(R450/R550)の値が0.75以上、0.92以下であり、
波長550nmにおける複屈折(Δn)及び前記波長分散(R450/R550)が下記数式(I)の関係を満足し、かつ、
光弾性係数が25×10−12Pa−1以下である、位相差フィルム。
Δn ≧ 0.0140×(R450/R550)−0.0082 (I)
[3]前記熱可塑性樹脂のガラス転移温度が120℃以上、160℃以下である、前記[1]または[2]に記載の位相差フィルム。
[4]前記熱可塑性樹脂の弾性率が1GPa以上、2.5GPa以下である、前記[1]〜[3]のいずれか1に記載の位相差フィルム。
[7]前記熱可塑性樹脂は、芳香族基を含む構造単位(但し、前記一般式(1)で表される構造単位及び前記一般式(2)で表される構造単位を除く。)の含有量が5質量%以下である、前記[5]または[6]に記載の位相差フィルム。
[8]前記熱可塑性樹脂は、下記一般式(3)で表される構造単位を含有している、前記[1]〜[7]のいずれか1に記載の位相差フィルム。
[10]前記[9]に記載の円偏光板を備えた画像表示装置。
[11]前記[9]に記載の円偏光板を備えた有機ELパネル。
(A)波長450nmにおける位相差(R450)と、波長550nmにおける位相差(R550)との比である波長分散(R450/R550)の値が0.75以上、0.92以下であること。
(B)波長550nmにおける複屈折(Δn)及び前記波長分散(R450/R550)が前記数式(I)の関係を満足すること。
(C)光弾性係数が25×10−12Pa−1以下であること。
Δn ≧ 0.0140×(R450/R550)−0.0082 (I)
本発明の位相差フィルムは、熱可塑性樹脂からなる未延伸フィルムを、後述する延伸方法によって、少なくとも一方向に延伸して得られる延伸フィルムであり、単一層で上記の特性を有するフィルムである。
Δn ≧ 0.0140×(R450/R550)−0.0082 (I)
Δn ≧ 0.0140×(R450/R550)−0.0080 (II)
前記位相差フィルムに用いられる樹脂は、溶融製膜法によってフィルムを成形することができ、延伸加工性にも優れる熱可塑性樹脂である。
位相差変化 = 複屈折変化×フィルム厚み
= 光弾性係数×応力×フィルム厚み
= 光弾性係数×弾性率×歪み×フィルム厚み
本発明の位相差フィルムに用いられる熱可塑性樹脂は、カーボネート結合及びエステル結合のうち少なくとも1種の結合基と、後述する2価のオリゴフルオレンに由来する特定の構造単位を含有していることが好ましい。即ち、前記樹脂としては、前記特定の構造単位を含有するポリカーボネート、ポリエステルまたはポリエステルカーボネートを好適に用いることができる。かかる構成を有する樹脂は、耐熱性、機械物性、溶融加工性等に優れており、また、複数のモノマーを共重合することで、前述した位相差フィルムの光学特性を所望の範囲に制御しやすいという利点を有する。尚、本発明の位相差フィルムは、後述するように、前記樹脂の他に、必要に応じてその他の合成樹脂や添加剤等を含んでいてもよい。
・従来、ポリマーの主鎖に組み込まれていたフェニル環等の芳香族成分がポリマーの主鎖に組み込まれなくなるため、光弾性係数を低減できる。
・主鎖に組み込まれた前記芳香族成分が、短波長ほど複屈折が大きくなる正の波長分散性を示すため、従来は、側鎖のフルオレン環に由来する逆波長分散性が相殺され、樹脂全体としての逆波長分散性が低下してしまっていた。これに対し、芳香族成分が主鎖に組み込まれなくなることにより、逆波長分散性をより強く発現させることができる。
・一分子中にフルオレン環を二つ導入することで、高い耐熱性を付与できる。
・主鎖が柔軟なアルキレン鎖で構成されるため、樹脂に柔軟性や溶融加工性を付与することができる。
一方、光学特性を確保しつつ、耐熱性や機械特性等とのバランスをとるために、ポリマーの主鎖や側鎖に芳香族成分を組み込むことが有効な場合もある。この場合には、例えば、芳香族成分を含有する前記その他の構造単位により、ポリマーに芳香族成分を導入することができる。
諸特性のバランスをとる観点から、前記樹脂における、芳香族基を含む構造単位(但し、前記一般式(1)で表される構造単位及び前記一般式(2)で表される構造単位を除く。)の含有量が5質量%以下であることが好ましく、3質量%以下であることがより好ましい。
本発明に用いられるポリカーボネート、ポリエステル、ポリエステルカーボネートは、一般に用いられる重合方法で製造することができる。即ち、前記樹脂は、例えば、ホスゲンやカルボン酸ハロゲン化物を用いた溶液重合法又は界面重合法や、溶媒を用いずに反応を行う溶融重合法を用いて製造することができる。これらの製造方法のうち、溶媒や毒性の高い化合物を使用しないことから環境負荷を低減することができ、また、生産性にも優れる溶融重合法によって製造することが好ましい。
前記樹脂を用いて未延伸フィルムを製膜する方法としては、前記樹脂を溶媒に溶解させてキャストした後、溶媒を除去する流延法や、溶媒を用いずに前記樹脂を溶融させて製膜する溶融製膜法を採用することができる。溶融製膜法としては、具体的にはTダイを用いた溶融押出法、カレンダー成形法、熱プレス法、共押出法、共溶融法、多層押出、インフレーション成形法等がある。未延伸フィルムの製膜方法は特に限定されないが、流延法では残存溶媒による問題が生じるおそれがあるため、好ましくは溶融製膜法、中でも後の延伸処理のし易さから、Tダイを用いた溶融押出法が好ましい。
前記未延伸フィルムを延伸配向させることにより、位相差フィルムを得ることができる。延伸方法としては縦一軸延伸、テンター等を用いる横一軸延伸、あるいはそれらを組み合わせた同時二軸延伸、逐次二軸延伸等、公知の方法を用いることができる。延伸はバッチ式で行ってもよいが、連続で行うことが生産性において好ましい。さらにバッチ式に比べて、連続の方がフィルム面内の位相差のばらつきの少ない位相差フィルムが得られる。
歪み速度(%/分)={延伸速度(mm/分)/原反フィルムの長さ(mm)}×100
前記位相差フィルムは、公知の偏光フィルムと積層貼合し、所望の寸法に切断することにより円偏光板となる。かかる円偏光板は、例えば、各種ディスプレイ(液晶表示装置、有機EL表示装置、プラズマ表示装置、FED電界放出表示装置、SED表面電界表示装置)の視野角補償用、外光の反射防止用、色補償用、直線偏光の円偏光への変換用等に用いることができる。特に有機ELディスプレイの外光反射防止用の円偏光板に用いると、きれいな黒表示が可能となり、品質の信頼性にも優れている。さらに今後の機器の薄型化にも対応し得る性能を有している。
前記偏光フィルムとしては、幅方向または長手方向のいずれかに吸収軸を有する偏光フィルムを採用することができる。具体的には、ポリビニルアルコール系フィルム、部分ホルマール化ポリビニルアルコール系フィルム、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体系部分ケン化フィルム等の親水性高分子フィルムに、ヨウ素や二色性染料等の二色性物質を吸着させて一軸延伸したフィルム、ポリビニルアルコールの脱水処理物やポリ塩化ビニルの脱塩酸処理物等ポリエン系配向フィルム等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、ポリビニルアルコール系フィルムにヨウ素などの二色性物質を吸着させて一軸延伸した長尺偏光フィルムが、偏光二色比が高く特に好ましい。これら長尺偏光フィルムの厚さは特に制限されないが、一般的に1〜80μm程度である。
(1)フルオレン系モノマーの熱分解温度
フルオレン系モノマーのガラス転移温度は、エスアイアイ・ナノテクノロジー社製示差熱重量同時分析装置TG−DTA6300を用いて測定した。約4mgのフルオレン系モノマーを同社製アルミパンに入れて密封し、200mL/分の窒素気流下、昇温速度10℃/分で室温(20〜30℃)から600℃まで昇温した。得られたTGデータ(熱重量データ)より、試料重量が5wt%減少した温度を5wt%重量減少温度とした。溶媒を含有しているモノマーに関しては、測定開始時の重量から1H−NMRより見積もられた溶媒重量が減少した後、重量変化がなくなった時点での重量を初期重量とし、その初期重量が5wt%減少した温度を5wt%重量減少温度とした。また、得られたTGデータ(熱重量データ)より、重量の減少が認められず、かつ、急峻な吸熱ピークが観測された、そのピークトップを試料の融点とした。
フルオレン系モノマーの紫外可視領域(UV−Vis:280〜800nm)における吸収極大波長は、(株)島津製作所製紫外可視吸収分光光度計UV−1650PCを用いて測定した。測定溶液は、溶媒としてテトラヒドロフランを用い、フルオレン環として濃度が10μMとなるように、精密に調製した。測定セルには1cm角の石英セルを用い温度23±5℃の環境で測定した。測定溶液の吸収スペクトルを280〜800nmの範囲で測定し、吸収の極大値を吸収極大波長(λmax)とした。
前記樹脂を塩化メチレンに溶解させ、0.6g/dLの濃度の樹脂溶液を調製した。森友理化工業社製ウベローデ型粘度管を用いて、温度20.0℃±0.1℃で測定を行い、溶媒の通過時間t0及び溶液の通過時間tを測定した。得られたt0及びtの値を用いて次式(i)により相対粘度ηrelを求め、更に、得られた相対粘度ηrelを用いて次式(ii)により比粘度ηspを求めた。
ηrel=t/t0 ・・・(i)
ηsp=(η−η0)/η0=ηrel−1 ・・・(ii)
その後、得られた比粘度ηspを濃度c(g/dL)で割って、還元粘度ηsp/cを求めた。この値が高いほど分子量が大きい。
ペレット状の樹脂を90℃で5時間以上、真空乾燥させた。乾燥したペレットを用いて、東洋精機(株)製キャピラリーレオメーターで測定を行った。測定温度は240℃とし、剪断速度9.12〜1824sec−1間で溶融粘度を測定し、91.2sec−1における溶融粘度の値を用いた。なお、オリフィスには、ダイス径が1mmφ、ダイス長が10mmのものを用いた。
前記樹脂のガラス転移温度は、エスアイアイ・ナノテクノロジー社製示差走査熱量計DSC6220を用いて測定した。約10mgの樹脂を同社製アルミパンに入れて密封し、50mL/分の窒素気流下、昇温速度20℃/分で30℃から250℃まで昇温した。3分間温度を保持した後、30℃まで20℃/分の速度で冷却した。30℃で3分保持し、再び200℃まで20℃/分の速度で昇温した。2回目の昇温で得られたDSCデータより、低温側のベースラインを高温側に延長した直線と、ガラス転移の階段状変化部分の曲線の勾配が最大になるような点で引いた接線との交点の温度である、補外ガラス転移開始温度を求め、それをガラス転移温度とした。
(6)フィルムの成形
以下のようにして、溶融押出法によって長尺の未延伸フィルムを作製した。90℃で5時間以上、真空乾燥をした樹脂のペレットを、いすず化工機(株)製単軸押出機(スクリュー径25mm、シリンダー設定温度:220℃〜250℃)を用い、Tダイ(幅200mm、設定温度:200〜240℃)から押し出した。押し出したフィルムを、チルロール(設定温度:120〜150℃)により冷却しつつ巻取機でロール状にし、長尺未延伸フィルムを作製した。Tダイのリップ幅やチルロールの温度、Tダイとチルロールとの距離等を調整することにより、5%以下のフィルムの厚み精度を実現することができた。なお、本明細書において、厚み精度は下記式で計算される。即ち、厚み精度は、フィルムの各位置の厚みを計測し、変動範囲の最大値又は最小値と平均値との差の、平均値に対する比率を示す。
厚み精度[%]=|厚みの最大値又は最小値−平均値|/平均値×100
未延伸フィルムから、長さ40mm、幅8mmの長方形の試験片を切り出して測定試料とした。波長656nm(C線)、589nm(D線)、486nm(F線)の干渉フィルターを用いて、(株)アタゴ製多波長アッベ屈折率計DR−M4/1550により各波長の屈折率nC、nD、nFを測定した。測定は界面液としてモノブロモナフタレンを用い、20℃で行った。アッベ数νdは次の式で計算した。
νd=(1−nD)/(nC−nF)
アッベ数が大きいほど、屈折率の波長依存性が小さいことを表す。
前述の溶融押出法により、厚さ約100μmの未延伸フィルムを作製し、日本電色工業(株)製濁度計COH400を用いて全光線透過率を測定した。
未延伸フィルムを幅20mm、長さ100mmの長方形状に切り出して試料を作製した。この試料を日本分光(株)製エリプソメータM−150により波長550nmの光で測定し、光弾性係数を得た。
前述の方法により、厚さ100〜300μmの未延伸フィルムを作製し、縦100mm、横100mmの正方形に切り出して試料を作製した。この試料を用いてJIS K 7209(1984年版)に記載の「プラスティックの吸水率及び沸騰吸水率試験方法」に準拠して吸水率を測定した。
前述の方法で取得したフィルムから幅5mm、長さ50mmの長方形の試験片を切り出し、貯蔵弾性率(E’)と損失弾性率(E’’)を測定した。測定には、TA Instruments社製レオメーターRSA−IIIを用いて、引っ張りモードにて、チャック間距離20mm、昇温速度3℃/min、周波数1Hz、歪み0.1%の条件で、温度は0℃から各サンプルのガラス転移温度以上まで昇温し、サンプルが切れて停止するまで測定を行った。本発明における弾性率には、30℃における貯蔵弾性率を用いた。
前述の方法により、厚み100〜200μmの未延伸フィルムを作製し、このフィルムから長さ40mm、幅10mmの長方形の試験片を作製した。万力の左右の接合面の間隔を40mmに開き、試験片の両端を接合面内に固定した。次に左右の接合面の間隔を2mm/秒以下の速度で狭めていき、フィルムが万力の接合面の外にはみ出さないようにしながら、略U字状に折れ曲がったフィルム全体を該接合面内で圧縮していった。接合面間が完全に密着する迄に試験片が折れ曲がり部で2片(又は3片以上の破片)に割れた場合を「割れあり」、接合面間が完全に密着してもなお試験片が割れずに折り曲げられた場合を「割れなし」とした。同一の種類のフィルムについて5回繰り返して試験を実施し、そのうち4回以上「割れあり」となったものを「×:脆性破壊する」、3回以下「割れあり」となったものを「○:脆性破壊しない」と評価した。
(13)フィルムの延伸
溶融押出法によって作製した長尺の未延伸フィルムから幅120mm、長さ150mmの長方形状のフィルム片を切り出した。Bruckner社製テンター延伸装置KAROIVを用いて、300%/分の延伸速度で、延伸方向に対して直角方向は保持せずに前記フィルム片の一軸延伸を行い、位相差フィルムを得た。なお、延伸温度や倍率等の条件は後述の各実施例、及び比較例で記述する。
位相差フィルムから、幅4cm、長さ4cmのサンプルを切り出した。Axometrics社製AxoScanを用いて、23℃の室内で、前記サンプルの波長450nmの位相差R450、550nmの位相差R550、及び波長650nmの位相差R650を測定した。そして、得られた位相差の値を用い、位相差R450と位相差R550の比である波長分散(R450/R550)の値及び位相差R650と位相差R550の比(R650/R550)を計算した。屈折率異方性の正負は、配向角(遅相軸)と延伸方向との関係から判定することができる。この位相差の測定において、遅相軸が延伸方向と一致した場合、この樹脂の屈折率異方性は正である。
尾崎製作所(株)製接触式厚み測定機PEACOCKを使用して、位相差フィルムの厚みを測定した。また、前記の位相差測定において得られた550nmの位相差R550と、位相差フィルムの厚みを用い、次の式により複屈折(Δn)を求めた。
複屈折=R550[nm]/(フィルム厚み[mm]×106)
複屈折の値が大きいほど、ポリマーの配向度が高いことを示す。また、複屈折の値が大きいほど、所望の位相差値を得るためのフィルムの厚みを薄くすることができる。
粘着剤付き位相差フィルムをガラスに貼り合わせたサンプルを作製し、前記位相差の測定と同様の方法で位相差を測定した。測定後のサンプルを85℃の加熱オーブンに180時間投入後、サンプルを取り出し、再度位相差を測定し、R550の変化率を求めた。
(17)円偏光板の作製
前記位相差フィルムにアクリル系粘着フィルムを塗工し、粘着剤付き位相差フィルムを作製した。次いで、日東電工(株)製粘着剤付き偏光板MCIG1481DUARC9の吸収軸が、前記粘着剤付き位相差フィルムの延伸軸と45°の角度をなすようにして、これらを貼り合せ、円偏光板を作製した。
LG社製有機ELディスプレイ15EL9500より有機ELパネルを取り出した。この有機ELパネルに貼り付けられている偏光板を剥がし、代わりに前記円偏光板を貼り合わせて被験体である有機ELパネルを作製した。
前述のごとく作製した有機ELパネルを試料とし、コニカミノルタ(株)製分光測色計CM−2600dを用いて反射率と反射色相とを測定した。反射色相は、下記式で表されるu´v´色度図上における無彩色からの距離Δu´v´で示した。尚、下記式におけるu´及びv´は、前述の測定によって得られるu´v´色度図上における色座標の値である。
以下に、樹脂の製造に用いたモノマーの合成方法を説明する。
1H−NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.83(d,J=7.6Hz,4H),7.56(dd,J1=7.6Hz,J2=0.8Hz,4H),7.41(t,J=7.3Hz,4H),7.29(dt,J1=7.3Hz,J2=1.3Hz,4H),4.42(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),2.24(d,J=7.6Hz,2H).
1H−NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.03(d,J=7.6Hz,4H),6.97(dt,J1=7.6Hz,J2=1.5Hz,4H),6.82(dt,J1=7.6Hz,J2=1.3Hz,4H),6.77(d,J=7.6Hz,4H),3.88(q,J=7.1Hz,4H),3.12(s,2H),2.23(m,4H),1.13(m,4H),1.02(t,J=7.1Hz,6H).
また、化合物2の5wt%重量減少温度(窒素雰囲気下)は295℃であり、融点は141℃であった。
1H−NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.23−7.28(m,4H),7.07−7.16(m,6H),7.03(dt,J1=6.9Hz,J2=2.0,4H),6.78−6.90(m,12H),3.20(s,2H),2.37(t,J=8.3Hz,4H),1.40(t,J=8.3Hz,4H).
また、化合物3の5wt%重量減少温度(窒素雰囲気下)は336℃であり、融点は176℃であった。
以下の実施例、及び比較例で用いた化合物の略号等は以下の通りである。
・BHEPF:9,9−ビス[4−(2−ヒドロキシエトキシ)フェニル]−フルオレン(大阪ガスケミカル(株)製)
・BCF:9,9−ビス(4−ヒドロキシ−3−メチルフェニル)−フルオレン(大阪ガスケミカル(株)製)
・DPC:ジフェニルカーボネート(三菱化学(株)製)
・ISB:イソソルビド(ロケットフルーレ社製、商品名:POLYSORB)
・CHDM:1,4−シクロヘキサンジメタノール(シス、トランス混合物、SKケミカル社製)
・SPG:スピログリコール(三菱ガス化学(株)製)
・BPA:2,2−ビス[4−ヒドロキシフェニル]プロパン(三菱化学(株)製)
・PEG:ポリエチレングリコール 数平均分子量:1000(三洋化成(株)製)
撹拌翼および100℃に制御された還流冷却器を具備した縦型反応器2器からなるバッチ重合装置を用いて重合を行った。ビス[9−(2−フェノキシカルボニルエチル)フルオレン−9−イル]メタン(化合物3)36.94質量部(0.058mol)、ISB 64.02質量部(0.438mol)、DPC 82.43質量部(0.385mol)、及び触媒として酢酸カルシウム1水和物3.86×10−4質量部(2.19×10−6mol)を仕込んだ。反応器内を減圧窒素置換した後、熱媒で加温を行い、内温が100℃になった時点で撹拌を開始した。昇温開始40分後に内温を220℃に到達させ、この温度を保持するように制御すると同時に減圧を開始し、220℃に到達してから90分で13.3kPaにした。重合反応とともに副生するフェノール蒸気を100℃の還流冷却器に導き、フェノール蒸気中に若干量含まれるモノマー成分を反応器に戻し、凝縮しないフェノール蒸気は45℃の凝縮器に導いて回収した。第1反応器に窒素を導入して一旦大気圧まで復圧させた後、第1反応器内のオリゴマー化された反応液を第2反応器に移した。次いで、第2反応器内の昇温および減圧を開始して、50分で内温240℃、圧力0.2kPaにした。その後、所定の攪拌動力となるまで重合を進行させた。所定動力に到達した時点で反応器に窒素を導入して復圧し、生成したポリエステルカーボネートを水中に押し出し、ストランドをカッティングしてペレットを得た。
ビス[9−(2−フェノキシカルボニルエチル)フルオレン−9−イル]メタン(化合物3)38.06質量部(0.059mol)、ISB 43.06質量部(0.295mol)、CHDM 20.28質量部(0.141mol)、DPC 81.46質量部(0.380mol)、酢酸カルシウム1水和物3.83×10−4質量部(2.18×10−6mol)を用いたこと、未延伸フィルムの厚みを68μmとしたこと、延伸温度を129℃、延伸倍率を2.4倍にしたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして位相差フィルムを作製した。各種評価の結果を表1に示す。
ビス[9−(2−フェノキシカルボニルエチル)フルオレン−9−イル]メタン(化合物3)29.60質量部(0.046mol)、ISB 29.21質量部(0.200mol)、SPG 42.28質量部(0.139mol)、DPC 63.77質量部(0.298mol)、酢酸カルシウム1水和物1.19×10−2質量部(6.78×10−5mol)を用いたこと、未延伸フィルムの厚みを61μmとしたこと、延伸温度を134℃、延伸倍率を3.15倍にしたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして位相差フィルムを作製した。各種評価の結果を表1に示す。
ビス[9−(2−フェノキシカルボニルエチル)フルオレン−9−イル]メタン(化合物3)37.43質量部(0.058mol)、ISB 43.31質量部(0.296mol)、CHDM 20.40質量部(0.141mol)、DPC 82.20質量部(0.380mol)、酢酸カルシウム1水和物3.86×10−4質量部(2.19×10−6mol)を用いたこと、未延伸フィルムの厚みを38μmとしたこと、延伸温度を130℃、延伸倍率を2.4倍にしたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして位相差フィルムを作製した。各種評価の結果を表1に示す。
BHEPF 68.07質量部(0.155mol)、ISB 22.84質量部(0.156mol)、PEG 0.97質量部(9.75×10−4mol)、DPC 67.60質量部(0.316mol)、酢酸マグネシウム4水和物5.36×10−4質量部(2.50×10−6mol)を用いたこと、未延伸フィルムの厚みを101μmとしたこと、延伸温度を149℃、延伸倍率を2.4倍にしたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして長尺位相差フィルムを作製した。各種評価の結果を表1に示す。
BHEPF 63.72質量部(0.145mol)、ISB 26.74質量部(0.183mol)、PEG 0.97質量部(9.75×10−4mol)、DPC 71.24質量部(0.333mol)、酢酸マグネシウム4水和物7.06×10−4質量部(3.29×10−6mol)を用いたこと、未延伸フィルムの厚みを80μmとしたこと、延伸温度を149℃、延伸倍率を2.2倍にしたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして位相差フィルムを作製した。各種評価の結果を表1に示す。
BCF 32.20質量部(0.085mol)、SPG 60.43質量部(0.199mol)、DPC 64.40質量部(0.301mol)、酢酸カルシウム1水和物5.00×10−3質量部(2.84×10−5mol)を用い、最終重合温度を260℃としたこと、未延伸フィルムの厚みを100μmとしたこと、延伸温度を145℃、延伸倍率を2倍にしたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして位相差フィルムを作製した。各種評価の結果を表1に示す。
BHEPF 80.49質量部(0.184mol)、BPA 13.23質量部(0.058mol)、DPC 53.29質量部(0.249mol)、酢酸カルシウム1水和物2.13×10−3質量部(1.21×10−5mol)を用い、最終重合温度を260℃としたこと、未延伸フィルムの厚みを102μmとしたこと、延伸温度を153℃、延伸倍率を2倍にしたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして位相差フィルムを作製した。各種評価の結果を表1に示す。
延伸温度141.5℃、延伸倍率1.5倍の条件で(株)日本ゼオン社製ZF14−040(未延伸膜厚:40μm、Tg:134℃)に延伸を行い、位相差140nmの位相差フィルムを得た。
また、延伸温度140.5℃、延伸倍率2.2倍の条件で(株)日本ゼオン社製ZF14−050(未延伸膜厚:50μm、Tg:134℃)に延伸を行い、位相差270nmの位相差フィルムを得た。
これら2つの位相差フィルムにアクリル製粘着剤を塗布し、粘着剤付き位相差フィルムを得た。次に円偏光板を作製する際、偏光板の吸収軸と、270nmの位相差フィルムの延伸方向とのなす角度が15°となるようにして貼り合せ、楕円偏光板を作製した。次いで、その楕円偏光板の位相差フィルム側に、偏光板の吸収軸と、140nmの位相差フィルムを延伸方向とのなす角度が75°となるようにさらに貼り合せ、円偏光板を作製した。有機ELパネルの作製、反射率および反射色相の測定は実施例1と同様に行った。
ISB 84.90質量部(0.581mol)、DPC 125.69質量部(0.587mol)、酢酸カルシウム1水和物8.19×10−5質量部(4.65×10−7mol)を用いたこと、未延伸フィルムの厚みを17μmとしたこと、延伸温度を166℃、延伸倍率を2倍にしたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして位相差フィルムを作製した。各種評価の結果を表1に示す。
Δn = 0.0140×(R450/R550)−0.0082 (I’)
Δn = 0.0140×(R450/R550)−0.0080 (II’)
Claims (6)
- ポリエステル、ポリカーボネート及びポリエステルカーボネートのうち1種以上の熱可塑性樹脂を含有し、単一層からなる位相差フィルムであって、
波長450nmにおける位相差(R450)と、波長550nmにおける位相差(R550)との比である波長分散(R450/R550)の値が0.75以上、0.92以下であり、
波長550nmにおける複屈折(Δn)及び前記波長分散(R450/R550)が下記数式(I)の関係を満足し、かつ、
光弾性係数が25×10−12Pa−1以下であり、
前記熱可塑性樹脂は、下記一般式(3)で表される構造単位と、
カーボネート結合及びエステル結合のうち少なくとも1種の結合基と、
下記一般式(1)で表される構造単位及び下記一般式(2)で表される構造単位からなる群のうちの1種以上の構造単位と、を含み、
前記一般式(1)及び前記一般式(2)で表される構造単位からなる群のうちの1種以上の構造単位を1質量%以上、40質量%以下含有している、位相差フィルム。
Δn ≧ 0.0140×(R450/R550)−0.0082 (I)
- 前記熱可塑性樹脂のナトリウムd線(波長589nm)における屈折率が1.49〜1.56である、請求項1に記載の位相差フィルム。
- 前記熱可塑性樹脂は、芳香族基を含む構造単位(但し、前記一般式(1)で表される構造単位及び前記一般式(2)で表される構造単位を除く。)の含有量が5質量%以下である、請求項1または2に記載の位相差フィルム。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の位相差フィルムと、該位相差フィルムに積層された偏光子とを有する円偏光板。
- 請求項4に記載の円偏光板を備えた画像表示装置。
- 請求項4に記載の円偏光板を備えた有機ELパネル。
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KR (1) | KR102285517B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN106461836B (ja) |
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JP2015212368A (ja) * | 2014-04-16 | 2015-11-26 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 重縮合系樹脂及びそれよりなる光学フィルム |
JP6834991B2 (ja) * | 2016-02-05 | 2021-02-24 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | 熱可塑性樹脂積層延伸フィルム |
JP6710560B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-28 | 2020-06-17 | 日東電工株式会社 | 偏光フィルム、粘着剤層付偏光フィルム、偏光フィルムの製造方法、及び画像表示装置 |
JP6795318B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-28 | 2020-12-02 | 日東電工株式会社 | 片保護偏光フィルム、粘着剤層付偏光フィルム、画像表示装置およびその連続製造方法 |
KR102210260B1 (ko) * | 2018-08-13 | 2021-02-01 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 위상차 필름, 이를 포함하는 편광판 및 이를 포함하는 디스플레이 장치 |
JP7193272B2 (ja) * | 2018-08-28 | 2022-12-20 | 日東電工株式会社 | 表面保護フィルム用基材、該基材の製造方法、該基材を用いた表面保護フィルム、および表面保護フィルム付光学フィルム |
KR102435572B1 (ko) * | 2018-10-05 | 2022-08-22 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 위상차 필름, 이를 포함하는 편광판 및 이를 포함하는 디스플레이 장치 |
JP6890160B2 (ja) * | 2018-10-15 | 2021-06-18 | 日東電工株式会社 | 位相差層付偏光板およびそれを用いた画像表示装置 |
WO2020080171A1 (ja) * | 2018-10-15 | 2020-04-23 | 日東電工株式会社 | 位相差層付偏光板およびそれを用いた画像表示装置 |
JPWO2020085499A1 (ja) * | 2018-10-26 | 2021-09-16 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | 光学部材用膜状物および光学部材用組成物 |
KR102522254B1 (ko) * | 2019-04-30 | 2023-04-17 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 원편광판 |
WO2023176654A1 (ja) | 2022-03-14 | 2023-09-21 | 日東電工株式会社 | 表示システムおよび積層フィルム |
WO2023176655A1 (ja) | 2022-03-14 | 2023-09-21 | 日東電工株式会社 | レンズ部および積層フィルム |
WO2023176656A1 (ja) | 2022-03-14 | 2023-09-21 | 日東電工株式会社 | レンズ部および積層フィルム |
WO2023176629A1 (ja) | 2022-03-14 | 2023-09-21 | 日東電工株式会社 | 光学積層体、レンズ部および表示方法 |
WO2023176360A1 (ja) | 2022-03-14 | 2023-09-21 | 日東電工株式会社 | レンズ部、積層体、表示体、表示体の製造方法および表示方法 |
WO2023176626A1 (ja) | 2022-03-14 | 2023-09-21 | 日東電工株式会社 | 表示システム、表示方法、表示体および表示体の製造方法 |
WO2023176627A1 (ja) | 2022-03-14 | 2023-09-21 | 日東電工株式会社 | 表示システム、表示方法、表示体および表示体の製造方法 |
WO2023176625A1 (ja) | 2022-03-14 | 2023-09-21 | 日東電工株式会社 | レンズ部、表示体および表示方法 |
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JP4993581B2 (ja) | 2006-10-02 | 2012-08-08 | 日東電工株式会社 | 光学フィルム及び画像表示装置 |
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CN102227657B (zh) * | 2008-12-05 | 2013-11-13 | 帝人化成株式会社 | 光学膜 |
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CN105348503A (zh) | 2009-11-17 | 2016-02-24 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 聚碳酸酯树脂及由该聚碳酸酯树脂形成的透明膜 |
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JP5970781B2 (ja) * | 2011-11-09 | 2016-08-17 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス表示装置 |
CN106986748B (zh) * | 2012-10-16 | 2020-10-09 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 低聚芴二醇、低聚芴二芳基酯及它们的制造方法 |
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CN106461836B (zh) | 2020-11-06 |
KR102285517B1 (ko) | 2021-08-03 |
EP3133424A8 (en) | 2017-04-12 |
US10754065B2 (en) | 2020-08-25 |
WO2015159929A1 (ja) | 2015-10-22 |
JP2015212817A (ja) | 2015-11-26 |
TWI613466B (zh) | 2018-02-01 |
TW201546504A (zh) | 2015-12-16 |
CN106461836A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
EP3133424A1 (en) | 2017-02-22 |
EP3133424A4 (en) | 2017-11-15 |
US20170031061A1 (en) | 2017-02-02 |
KR20160145582A (ko) | 2016-12-20 |
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