JP6816887B2 - 発毛促進組成物およびその使用 - Google Patents
発毛促進組成物およびその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6816887B2 JP6816887B2 JP2017546549A JP2017546549A JP6816887B2 JP 6816887 B2 JP6816887 B2 JP 6816887B2 JP 2017546549 A JP2017546549 A JP 2017546549A JP 2017546549 A JP2017546549 A JP 2017546549A JP 6816887 B2 JP6816887 B2 JP 6816887B2
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- hair growth
- inos
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Description
[2]iNOS阻害剤が1400W、アミノグアニジン、BYK191023、AMT塩酸塩、AR−C102222、L−NIO、L−NIL、S−エチルイソチオ尿素、S−メチルイソチオ尿素、S−アミノエチルイソチオ尿素、2−イミノピペリジン、ブチルアミン、ONO−1714、L−NG−ニトロアルギニン、L−NG−モノメチルアルギニン、L−ニトロアルギニンメチルエステル、およびデキサメタゾンから成る群から選択される化合物である、[1]記載の組成物。
[3]iNOS阻害剤がモノクローナル抗体またはその断片である、[1]記載の組成物。
[4]iNOS阻害剤がアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドである、[1]記載の組成物。
[5]iNOS阻害剤がsiRNAである、[1]記載の組成物。
[6]医薬組成物である、[1]記載の組成物。
[7]美容用組成物である、[1]記載の組成物。
[8]美容サプリメントである、[1]記載の組成物。
[9]経口剤である、[1]記載の組成物。
[10]注射剤である、[1]記載の組成物。
[11]外皮用剤である、[1]記載の組成物。
[12]哺乳動物における発毛もしくは育毛を促進または脱毛を予防するための方法であって、iNOS阻害剤を該哺乳動物に投与することを含む、方法。
[13]哺乳動物がヒトである、[12]記載の方法。
[14]哺乳動物がイヌ、ネコ、またはヒツジである、[12]記載の方法。
[15]哺乳動物における発毛もしくは育毛を促進または脱毛を予防するための方法であって、iNOSを阻害する工程を含む、方法。
[16]発毛もしくは育毛の促進または脱毛の予防に用いるための医薬の製造における、iNOS阻害剤の使用。
[17]発毛もしくは育毛の促進または脱毛の予防に有効な物質をスクリーニングするための方法であって、i)in vitroでiNOSと試験物質とを接触させる工程、ii)iNOSの活性を測定する工程、およびiii)該試験物質がiNOSの活性を低下させるか否かを決定する工程を含む、方法。
[18]iNOSの活性を増強する組成物を投与してiNOSの活性を増強する工程を含む、毛髪の成長を阻害する方法。
[19]NOを発生させる組成物を対象に投与する工程を含む、毛髪の成長を阻害する方法。
本発明の実施形態の一つは、発毛もしくは育毛の促進または脱毛の予防に用いるための組成物であって、iNOS阻害剤を有効成分として含有することを特徴とする組成物に関する。
一酸化窒素合成酵素(NOS、EC1.14.13.39)は、窒素酸化物である一酸化窒素(NO)の合成に関与する酵素である。NOSは常時細胞内に一定量存在する構成型NOS(cNOS)と、炎症やストレスにより誘導される誘導型NOS(iNOS、NOS2)に分類され、さらにcNOSは、神経型のnNOS(NOS1)と血管内皮型のeNOS(NOS3)とに分類される。iNOS(induced Nitric Oxide Synthase)は炎症やストレスにより誘導される誘導型NOSのうちの一つであり、免疫系、心血管系の組織や細胞、肺などで発現がみられ、病原体に対する生体防御に関与することが知られている。症性サイトカインや細菌毒素の刺激により誘導されるiNOSは多量のNOを産生し,活性酸素と反応することにより周囲の細胞に対して毒性を発揮する。iNOS由来のNOは、非自己の細胞に対してのみ毒性を発揮するのではない。たとえば,細菌毒素により血管平滑筋で誘導されたiNOS由来の多量のNOは、強力な血管拡張と過剰な透過性の亢進を生じ、エンドトキシンショックを誘発する。また、グリア細胞などで誘導されたiNOS由来のNOにより中枢神経細胞の変性や脱落が生じることやI型糖尿病などの自己免疫疾患でみられる細胞障害にもiNOSの関与が指摘されている。
iNOS阻害剤は、iNOSの活性を阻害するものでも、発現を抑制するものでも良い。また、iNOS阻害剤は、選択的iNOS阻害剤であっても、非選択的NOS阻害剤であっても良い。iNOS阻害剤は、例えば、低分子化合物や、抗体、核酸などの高分子でありうる。
iNOSを阻害する低分子化合物としては、例えば、Tocris社より市販されている選択的iNOS阻害剤である1400Wを使用することができる。1400Wは、補酵素であるNADPHの結合を阻害する。L−NILは別の低分子阻害剤であり、基質であるアルギニンおよびチオシトルリンのアナログである。アミノグアニジンは、基質であるアルギニンおよびチオシトルリンのアナログであり、非可逆的なiNOS阻害剤として働く。BYK190123は、iNOSの二量体形成を阻害する(iNOSは二量体となることでNOを産生できる)。
iNOS阻害剤は、抗iNOS抗体であってもよい。抗iNOS抗体は、ポリクローナル抗体またはモノクローナル抗体を使用できるが、モノクローナル抗体を用いることが好ましい。iNOSに対する阻害活性を有する抗体であれば、全長である必要はなく、抗体の断片であっても使用することができる。抗体の由来する哺乳動物は、特に限定されず、ヒト抗体、マウス抗体、ラット抗体、ウサギ抗体、ヒツジ抗体などを使用できる。ヒトに対して用いる場合、抗体は、ヒト抗体、ヒト化抗体、キメラ抗体のいずれであっても使用することができるが、ヒト抗体であることが好ましい。また、抗体または抗体の断片は、ファージディスプレイ法等によるスクリーニングによって同定されたペプチド配列を含むものであってもよい。さらに、核酸により構成されるアプタマーも通常の抗体と同様に使用できる。
iNOS阻害剤は、抗iNOSアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドであってもよい。アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドとしては、例えば、10〜50塩基のオリゴヌクレオチドをiNOS遺伝子の塩基配列に基づき設計することができる。アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドは、RNA、DNA、その他の修飾核酸を含みうる。アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドは、標的配列に完全に相補的なものであっても、1もしくは複数のミスマッチを含むものであってもよい。iNOS遺伝子の塩基配列は既知であり、例えば、GenBankなどのデータベースから入手することができる:
NOS2 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible [ Homo sapiens (human) ]
Gene ID: 4843
mRNA: NM_000625.4
Nos2 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]
Gene ID: 18126
mRNA: NM_001313921.1
iNOS阻害剤は、iNOSを標的としたsiRNAであってもよい。iNOS遺伝子の塩基配列は既知であり、例えば、GenBankなどのデータベースから入手することができる。siRNAの設計法は当業者には既知である。
本発明の実施形態の一つは、発毛もしくは育毛の促進または脱毛の予防に用いるための医薬組成物であって、iNOS阻害剤を有効成分として含有することを特徴とする医薬組成物に関する。言い換えれば、本発明の実施形態の一つは、発毛もしくは育毛の促進または脱毛の予防に用いるための医薬の製造における、iNOS阻害剤の使用に関する。有効成分として働くiNOS阻害剤としては、例えば、上記のような低分子化合物、抗体、アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチド、siRNAなどを使用できる。本発明に係る医薬組成物は、錠剤、粉末、液体、半固体などの任意の形態をとることができ、iNOS阻害剤に加えて、適当な賦形剤、添加剤を含みうる。また、本発明に係る医薬組成物には、ミノキシジルやフィナステリドなどの他の活性成分が配合されていてもよい。各成分の配合量は、医薬として許容される範囲で適宜決定することができる。また、組成物の投与量は、使用する阻害剤の種類、投与する対象に応じて、適宜決定することができる。投与経路についても、使用する阻害剤の種類、投与する対象に応じて、適宜決定することができる。
本発明の実施形態の一つは、発毛もしくは育毛の促進または脱毛の予防に用いるための美容用組成物であって、iNOS阻害剤を有効成分として含有することを特徴とする美容用組成物に関する。有効成分として働くiNOS阻害剤としては、例えば、上記のような低分子化合物、抗体、アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチド、siRNAなどを使用できる。本発明に係る美容用組成物は、液体、エマルジョン、ゲル、クリームなどの任意の形態をとりうる。iNOS阻害剤の含有量は、使用する阻害剤の種類、適用する対象に応じて、適宜決定することができる。
本発明の実施形態の一つは、発毛もしくは育毛の促進または脱毛の予防に有用な美容サプリメントであって、iNOS阻害剤を有効成分として含有することを特徴とする美容サプリメントに関する。有効成分として働くiNOS阻害剤としては、例えば、上記のような低分子化合物、抗体、アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチド、siRNAなどを使用できる。本発明に係る美容サプリメントは、錠剤、粉末、液体などの任意の形態をとりうる。本発明に係る美容サプリメントは、例えば、1日1〜3回、食前、食中、食後に経口摂取するものとして調製されうる。
本発明の実施形態の一つは、哺乳動物における発毛もしくは育毛を促進または脱毛の予防するための方法に関する。このような方法は、iNOSを阻害する工程、より具体的には、例えば、iNOS阻害剤を該哺乳動物に投与することを含みうる。哺乳動物としては、例えば、ヒト、サル、マウス、ラット、ウサギ、イヌ、ネコ、ヒツジ、ヤギ、アルパカ、ウマ、ミンク、キツネ、テン、タヌキ、チンチラ、ラッコ、カワウソ、ビーバー、アザラシなどが含まれる。投与量は、使用する阻害剤の種類、投与する対象に応じて、適宜決定することができる。投与経路についても、使用する阻害剤の種類、投与する対象に応じて、適宜決定することができる。好ましい投与経路としては、例えば、液剤、ローション剤、クリーム剤の脱毛領域への塗布または噴霧、あるいは、液剤の皮下注射、固形剤、液剤の経口投与を挙げることができる。iNOS阻害剤を含有する貼付剤を調製して皮膚に適用してもよい。
本発明の実施形態の一つは、発毛もしくは育毛の促進または脱毛の予防に有効な物質をスクリーニングするための方法に関する。このようなスクリーニング方法は、以下の工程i〜iiiを含みうる:
i)in vitroでiNOSと試験物質とを接触させる工程、
ii)iNOSの活性を測定する工程、および
iii)該試験物質がiNOSの活性を低下させるか否かを決定する工程。
本発明の実施形態の一つは、iNOSの活性を増強する工程を含む、毛髪の成長を阻害する方法に関する。このような方法は、iNOSの活性を増強する組成物を投与する工程を含みうる。iNOSの活性は、例えば、細胞におけるiNOSの発現を誘導することによって増強しうる。iNOSの発現は、例えば、LPSやサイトカインにより誘導されることが既知であるが、これらに限られるものではなく、iNOSの発現を誘導する任意の物質が使用されうる。また、iNOSの活性自体を増強する物質またはiNOS自体(核酸もしくはタンパク質)も使用されうる。さらに、本発明の別の実施形態の一つとして、iNOSの活性を増強する物質を含む、毛髪の成長を阻害する組成物も含まれる。
Jackson Lab社から購入したiNOS−KOマウスおよびob/obマウスを交配し、iNOS−KO;ob/obマウスを作成した。対照群となるob/obマウスは交配の過程で得られたiNOS(+/+);ob(+/−)の個体を掛け合わせて生まれたob/obマウスを用いた。おのおの8週齢の雄性個体を用いて実験を開始した。ob/obマウスは麻酔下(塩酸ケタミン・塩酸キシラジン混合麻酔)で全マウスの背中を電気シェーバーで剃毛し、市販の除毛クリーム(クラシエ社製のエピラット除毛クリーム)で除毛した後、1ヶ月以上経過しても発毛が認められない。一方、iNOS−KO;ob/obマウスでは除毛後2週間で皮膚にメラニン色素の沈着が認められ、3週間後には広範囲に渡って発毛が確認され、6週間後にはほぼ元の状態に戻る(図1)。
この実験では、三協ラボより購入したob/obマウスを用いた。8週齢の時点で麻酔下(塩酸ケタミン/塩酸キシラジン混合麻酔)で全マウスの背中を電気シェーバーで剃毛し、市販の除毛クリーム(クラシエ社製のエピラット除毛クリーム)で除毛した。実験開始日より各iNOS阻害剤の投与あるいは塗布を行った。用いたiNOS阻害剤の用法、用量は以下のとおりである。選択的iNOS阻害剤である1400W、L−NIL、およびBYK191023はTocris社より購入し、生理食塩水に溶解し、それぞれ10mg/kg、20mg/kg、30mg/kgとなるように腹腔内投与した。コントロール群には生理食塩水を腹腔内投与した。月曜日から金曜日までの連続して5日間の投与を1ヶ月続けた。同じく選択的iNOS阻害剤であるアミノグアニジンは東京化成工業株式会社より購入し、10%(w/v)となるように生理食塩水に溶解し、除毛部に100μl塗布した。コントロール群には生理食塩水を用いた。月曜日から金曜日までの連続して5日間の塗布を1ヶ月続けた。1週間に1度、背面の写真撮影を行い、12週齢になるまで観察を続けた。投与開始日から7日毎に、刈毛部の発毛状態を、以下の発毛スコア基準を用いて採点した。
0=発毛無し
1=刈毛部の10%未満に発毛
2=刈毛部の10%以上、20%未満に発毛
3=刈毛部の20%以上、30%未満に発毛
4=刈毛部の30%以上、40%未満に発毛
5=刈毛部の40%以上、50%未満に発毛
6=刈毛部の50%以上、60%未満に発毛
7=刈毛部の60%以上、70%未満に発毛
8=刈毛部の70%以上、80%未満に発毛
9=刈毛部の80%以上、90%未満に発毛
10=刈毛部の90%以上に発毛
この実験では、C3HマウスおよびC57BL/6マウスを使用した点を除き、実施例2と同様な方法を用いた。8週齢の時点で麻酔下(塩酸ケタミン/塩酸キシラジン混合麻酔)で全マウスの背中を電気シェーバーで剃毛し、市販の除毛クリーム(クラシエ社製のエピラット除毛クリーム)で除毛した。実験開始日よりアミノグアニジンの塗布を行った。用いたアミノグアニジンの用法、用量は以下のとおりである。アミノグアニジンは東京化成工業株式会社より購入し、10%(w/v)となるように生理食塩水に溶解し、除毛部に100μl塗布した。コントロール群には生理食塩水を用いた。月曜日から金曜日までの連続して5日間の塗布を3週間続け、背面の写真撮影を毎日行った。
この実験では、14週齢の野生型マウスとob/obマウスを用いた。背部除毛後に皮膚片を採取し、RNA精製キット(RNeasy Plus Universal Kit、キアゲン社)にてRNAを精製した後、cDNAを合成し(High Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit、ABI社)、リアルタイムPCR法によりRNA量を定量した。サーマルサイクラーはTaKaRa社のThermal Cycler Dice(R) Real Time Systemを使用し、TaqMan probeはABI社TaqMan(R) Gene Expression Assay(NOS2: Mm_0040493_g1)を用いた。
Claims (12)
- 発毛もしくは育毛の促進または脱毛の予防に用いるための組成物であって、選択的iNOS阻害剤を有効成分として含有し、該選択的iNOS阻害剤が1400WおよびBYK191023から成る群より選択されることを特徴とする、組成物。
- iNOS阻害剤が1400Wである、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 発毛もしくは育毛の促進または脱毛の予防に用いるための組成物であって、選択的iNOS阻害剤を有効成分として含有し、該選択的iNOS阻害剤がモノクローナル抗体またはその断片であることを特徴とする、組成物。
- 発毛もしくは育毛の促進または脱毛の予防に用いるための組成物であって、選択的iNOS阻害剤を有効成分として含有し、該選択的iNOS阻害剤がアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドであることを特徴とする、組成物。
- 発毛もしくは育毛の促進または脱毛の予防に用いるための組成物であって、選択的iNOS阻害剤を有効成分として含有し、該選択的iNOS阻害剤がsiRNAであることを特徴とする、組成物。
- 医薬組成物である、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- 美容用組成物である、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- 美容サプリメントである、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- 経口剤である、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- 注射剤である、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- 外皮用剤である、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- 発毛もしくは育毛の促進または脱毛の予防に有効な物質をスクリーニングするための方法であって、
i)in vitroでiNOSと試験物質とを接触させる工程、
ii)iNOSの活性を測定する工程、および
iii)該試験物質がiNOSの活性を低下させるか否かを決定する工程
を含む、方法。
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KR101664531B1 (ko) * | 2013-02-14 | 2016-10-11 | 경희대학교 산학협력단 | 포모노네틴 또는 이의 약학적으로 허용가능한 염을 유효성분으로 포함하는 탈모방지 및 발모촉진용 조성물 |
EP3010487A4 (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2016-12-07 | Contract Pharmaceuticals Ltd | NON-AEROSOL FOAM FOR TOPICAL ADMINISTRATION |
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2016
- 2016-10-18 EP EP16857427.5A patent/EP3366309A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-10-18 JP JP2017546549A patent/JP6816887B2/ja active Active
- 2016-10-18 WO PCT/JP2016/080815 patent/WO2017069113A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2016-10-18 US US15/769,472 patent/US11931325B2/en active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3366309A1 (en) | 2018-08-29 |
JP2021059565A (ja) | 2021-04-15 |
JPWO2017069113A1 (ja) | 2018-08-30 |
EP3366309A4 (en) | 2019-09-11 |
WO2017069113A1 (ja) | 2017-04-27 |
US11931325B2 (en) | 2024-03-19 |
JP7109808B2 (ja) | 2022-08-01 |
US20180303775A1 (en) | 2018-10-25 |
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