JP6786471B2 - 還元性ガスセンサ - Google Patents
還元性ガスセンサ Download PDFInfo
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- JP6786471B2 JP6786471B2 JP2017240947A JP2017240947A JP6786471B2 JP 6786471 B2 JP6786471 B2 JP 6786471B2 JP 2017240947 A JP2017240947 A JP 2017240947A JP 2017240947 A JP2017240947 A JP 2017240947A JP 6786471 B2 JP6786471 B2 JP 6786471B2
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- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen gas
- electrodes
- pair
- gas
- gas sensor
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- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 title description 58
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 104
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 99
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 palladium metal complex Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000126211 Hericium coralloides Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 121
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 40
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 33
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 33
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 31
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 15
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Pd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000005594 diketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 5
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000094 2-phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003914 fluoranthenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C1=C23)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- PBDBXAQKXCXZCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(2+);2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F.[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F PBDBXAQKXCXZCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001725 pyrenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000003960 triphenylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C3C12)* 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004697 chelate complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013110 organic ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZVSLRJWQDNRUDU-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(2+);propanoate Chemical compound [Pd+2].CCC([O-])=O.CCC([O-])=O ZVSLRJWQDNRUDU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector specially adapted to detect a particular component
- G01N33/005—H2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
- C07F15/0006—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table compounds of the platinum group
- C07F15/006—Palladium compounds
- C07F15/0066—Palladium compounds without a metal-carbon linkage
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
- G01N27/12—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body in dependence upon absorption of a fluid; of a solid body in dependence upon reaction with a fluid, for detecting components in the fluid
- G01N27/125—Composition of the body, e.g. the composition of its sensitive layer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0444—Concentration; Density
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Fluid Adsorption Or Reactions (AREA)
Description
S=(GH−GN)/GN (1)
(GH:水素存在下のコンダクタンス、GN:水素存在しない場合のコンダクタンス)
本実施形態では、パラジウム金属錯体(以下「Pd錯体」を呼ぶ)を用いて還元性ガスを検知する還元性ガスセンサ100(以下、単に「センサ100」と呼ぶ)について、図1を参照して説明する。図1は、センサ100の構成を説明する概略図である。
[PdL1L2]n (2)
L3−Pd−L4 (4)
本実施形態では、還元性ガスを検知するセンサ300の構成について、図3を参照して説明する。図3は、本実施形態のセンサ300の構成を説明する断面模式図である。センサ300は、基板30、一対の電極31及びガス反応部32を有する。基板30は、第1の実施形態の基板10と同様のものを用いることができる。
本実施形態では、第1の実施形態又は第2の実施形態で説明したセンサ100、200、300を具備した移動体について説明する。本実施形態では、移動体である燃料電池車400について、図4を参照して説明する。図4は、燃料電池車400の構成の一例を示す模式図である。
S=(GH−GN)/ GN (2)
(GH:還元性ガスとの反応後のコンダクタンス、GN:還元性ガスとの反応前のコンダクタンス)
本実施例では、第1の実施形態のセンサ200を作成した。ガス反応部12に含まれるPd錯体としては、アルドリッチ(株)社製の酢酸パラジウムを用いた。酢酸パラジウムの1重量%の酢酸エチル溶液を作成し、酢酸パラジウムの酢酸エチル溶液を櫛歯形状の電極21上にスピンコートした。スピンコートの条件は、1000回転/分で30秒間であった。電極21同士の電極間隔は、5μmとした。また、電極21の電極長は50cmとした。
本実施例では、キャスト法によりガス反応部を作成した以外は、実施例1と同じ方法でセンサ200を作製した。具体的には、電極21上に実施例と同様の酢酸パラジウムの1重量%の酢酸エチル溶液を滴下し、10分間室温で乾燥してガス反応部22を形成した。
この実施例では、酢酸パラジウムの溶媒としてクロロホルムを用いた以外は、実施例1と同じようにセンサを作製した。
本実施例では、酢酸パラジウムの溶媒としてクロロホルムを用いた以外は、実施例2と同様にセンサを作製した。
本実施例では、Pd錯体として酢酸パラジウム3量体(アルドリッチ社(株)社製)を用い、かつ、電極21の電極間隔を10μmにした以外は、実施例1と同様にセンサを作製した。
本実施例では、Pd錯体として酢酸パラジウム3量体(アルドリッチ社(株)社製)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にセンサを作製した。
本実施例では、Pd錯体として酢酸パラジウム3量体(アルドリッチ社(株)社製)を用い、かつ、電極21の電極間隔を1μmにした以外は、実施例1と同様にセンサを作製した。
本実施例では、キャスト法を用いた以外は実施例6と同様にセンサを作製した。
実施例9では、溶媒にクロロホルムを用い、且つ、キャスト方を用いた以外は、実施例6と同様にセンサを作製した。
本実施例では、Pd錯体としてプロピオン酸パラジウム(アルドリッチ社(株)社製)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にセンサを作製した。
本実施例では、キャスト法を用いてガス反応部を形成した以外は、実施例10と同様にセンサを作製した。
本実施例では、キャスト法を用いてガス反応部を形成し、且つ、電極21の電極間隔を3μmとした以外は、実施例10と同様にセンサを作製した。
本実施例では、キャスト法を用いてガス反応部を形成し、且つ、電極21の電極間隔を1μmとした以外は、実施例10と同様にセンサを作製した。
本実施例では、Pd錯体としてトリフルオロ酢酸パラジウム(II)(アルドリッチ社(株)社製)を用いた以外は、実施例3と同様にセンサを作製した。
本実施例では、Pd錯体としてトリフルオロ酢酸パラジウム(II)(アルドリッチ社(株)社製)を用いた以外は、実施例4と同様にセンサを作製した。
本実施例は、実施例1のセンサを用いて、水素ガスではなくエチレンガスを検知する。そのため、電流応答実験及び感度Sの測定は、1%エチレンガス/99%空気の混合気体を用いて行った。
本実施例は、実施例1のセンサを用いて、水素ガスではなくホルムアルデヒドを検知する。そのため、電流応答実験及び感度Sの測定は、1%ホルムアルデヒドガス/99%空気の混合気体を用いて行った。1%ホルムアルデヒド混合気体を導入してから、630秒後に急激電流値変化が開始された。また、感度Sは109だった。
比較例として、実施例1の酢酸パラジウムを、以下の一般式(6)で示すPd錯体に置き換えて、実施例1と同様にセンサを作製した。本比較例のセンサは、1%水素混合気体を導入しても電流値の上昇は観測できなかった。
Claims (9)
- 一対の電極と、
前記一対の電極と電気的に接触している反応層と、を有し、
前記反応層は、下記式(i)、(ii)、(iii)、及び(iv)の何れかで表されるパラジウム金属錯体を含み、
前記パラジウム金属錯体が水素ガスにより還元されることによって生じる前記一対の電極間の電気伝導度の変化を測定することにより、前記水素ガスを検知することを特徴とする水素ガスセンサ。
Pd(L−1)2 ・・・式(i)
[Pd(L−1)2]3 ・・・式(ii)
Pd(L−2)2 ・・・式(iii)
Pd(L−4) 2 ・・・式(iv)
但し、上記式(i)、(ii)、(iii)、及び(iv)におけるL−1、L−2、L−4は下記式で表される。
- 前記一対の電極に電圧を供給する電源と、
前記一対の電極間の電気伝導度の変化を測定する測定部と、を更に有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の水素ガスセンサ。 - 前記電気伝導度の変化は、前記一対の電極間の電流値、前記一対の電極間の抵抗、前記一対の電極間のコンダクタンス及び一対の電極間の容量の少なくとも1つを測定することにより測定されることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の水素ガスセンサ。
- 前記反応層は、下記式(ii)で表されるパラジウム金属錯体を含むことを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の水素ガスセンサ。
[Pd(L−1)2]3・・・式(ii)
但し、上記式(ii)におけるL−1は下記式で表される。
- 前記電気伝導度の変化は電気伝導度の上昇であることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の水素ガスセンサ。
- 前記電気伝導度の上昇は108以上の上昇であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の水素ガスセンサ。
- 前記一対の電極のそれぞれは、櫛歯形状であることを特徴とする請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の水素ガスセンサ。
- 水素ガスを貯蔵する水素ガスタンクと、
酸素ガスと、前記水素ガスタンクからの前記水素ガスと、が供給されることにより発電する燃料電池と、
前記燃料電池が発電した電力で駆動するモータと、
系外の水素ガスを検知する水素ガスセンサと、を有し、
前記水素ガスセンサは、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の水素ガスセンサを有することを特徴とする移動体。 - 水素ガスを供給する水素ガスステーションであって、
水素ガスを貯蔵する水素ガスタンクと、
水素ガスを前記水素ガスタンクから対象に供給する供給部と、
系外の水素ガスを検知する水素ガスセンサと、を有し、
前記水素ガスセンサは、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の水素ガスセンサを有することを特徴とする水素ガスステーション。
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