JP6774876B2 - 層間絶縁膜形成用感光性樹脂組成物、層間絶縁膜及び層間絶縁膜の形成方法 - Google Patents
層間絶縁膜形成用感光性樹脂組成物、層間絶縁膜及び層間絶縁膜の形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6774876B2 JP6774876B2 JP2016545432A JP2016545432A JP6774876B2 JP 6774876 B2 JP6774876 B2 JP 6774876B2 JP 2016545432 A JP2016545432 A JP 2016545432A JP 2016545432 A JP2016545432 A JP 2016545432A JP 6774876 B2 JP6774876 B2 JP 6774876B2
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- insulating film
- interlayer insulating
- photosensitive resin
- resin composition
- forming
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- KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- GYDSPAVLTMAXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GYDSPAVLTMAXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- ULDDEWDFUNBUCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCOC(=O)C=C ULDDEWDFUNBUCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIWKUEJZZCOPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 QIWKUEJZZCOPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRAQQYDMVSCOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 WRAQQYDMVSCOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002577 polybenzoxazole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BDAWXSQJJCIFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium methoxide Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C BDAWXSQJJCIFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CYFIHPJVHCCGTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CC(O)C(=O)OCC=C CYFIHPJVHCCGTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXLMPTNTPOWPLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enyl 3-oxobutanoate Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)OCC=C AXLMPTNTPOWPLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQMAPKVSTSACQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC=C ZQMAPKVSTSACQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HAFZJTKIBGEQKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enyl hexadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC=C HAFZJTKIBGEQKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPCIWDZYMSZAEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC=C HPCIWDZYMSZAEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOQSSGDQNWEFSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C(C)=C BOQSSGDQNWEFSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYBIZMNPXTXVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C=C LYBIZMNPXTXVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FOWDZVNRQHPXDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(O)=O FOWDZVNRQHPXDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C=C PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007870 radical polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NESLWCLHZZISNB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium phenolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 NESLWCLHZZISNB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- HSVFKFNNMLUVEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl diazide Chemical group [N-]=[N+]=NS(=O)(=O)N=[N+]=[N-] HSVFKFNNMLUVEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003509 tertiary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005207 tetraalkylammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylammonium Chemical compound CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- TVBIVRGNYNBFCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylazanium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound CC[NH+](CC)CC.[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F TVBIVRGNYNBFCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl benzoate Chemical compound C=COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Materials For Photolithography (AREA)
- Photosensitive Polymer And Photoresist Processing (AREA)
- Exposure And Positioning Against Photoresist Photosensitive Materials (AREA)
- Formation Of Insulating Films (AREA)
Description
本願は、2014年8月27日に日本に出願された、特願2014−173129号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
本発明の第二の態様は、前記第一の態様の層間絶縁膜形成用感光性樹脂組成物を用いた層間絶縁膜である。
本発明の第三の態様は、支持体上に、前記第一の態様の層間絶縁膜形成用感光性樹脂組成物を用いて感光性樹脂組成物層を形成する工程と、前記感光性樹脂組成物層を露光する工程と、露光された前記感光性樹脂組成物層を現像して層間絶縁膜パターンを形成する工程と、前記層間絶縁膜パターンを加熱硬化する工程と、を有する、層間絶縁膜の形成方法である。
本実施形態の層間絶縁膜形成用感光性樹脂組成物(以下単に「感光性樹脂組成物」ともいう)は、アルカリ可溶性樹脂(A)と、感光剤(B)と、加熱により酸を発生する熱酸発生剤(T)と、シランカップリング剤(C)と、を含有する層間絶縁膜形成用感光性樹脂組成物であって、前記アルカリ可溶性樹脂(A)は、一般式(a−1)で表される構成単位(A1)又は脂環式エポキシ基含有単位(A3)を有する。
アルカリ可溶性樹脂(A)(以下、「共重合体(A)」と記載することがある。)は、下記一般式(a−1)で表される構成単位(A1)又は脂環式エポキシ基含有単位(A3)を有する。
構成単位(A1)は、下記一般式(a−1)で表される。
一般式(a−1)中、Ra01は水素原子、又は水酸基を有する有機基である。
ここで、有機基としては、例えば、分岐状、直鎖状若しくは環状のアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよいアリール基、置換基を有していてもよいヘテロアリール基、置換基を有していてもよいアラルキル基、又は置換基を有していてもよいヘテロアラルキル基を挙げることができ、Ra01は、その構造中に少なくとも一つの水酸基を有する。前記有機基の炭素数は1〜20であることが好ましく、6〜12であることが更に好ましい。炭素数が大きいと保存安定性や層間絶縁層の低誘電率化の面で好ましく、炭素数が小さいと解像性に優れる。
また、Ya01は単結合又は炭素数1〜5の直鎖状若しくは分岐状のアルキレン基を示す。具体的には、メチレン基、エチレン基、プロピレン基、イソプロピレン基、n−ブチレン基、イソブチレン基、tert−ブチレン基、ペンチレン基、イソペンチレン基、ネオペンチレン基等が挙げられる。中でも、単結合、メチレン基、エチレン基であることが好ましい。
Ya01は、アルカリ可溶性を向上させることができることと、更に層間絶縁膜としたときの耐熱性が向上することから、単結合であることが好ましい。
ここで、bは0又は1〜4の整数を表すが、本発明の効果の観点や、製造が容易であるという点から、bは0であることが好ましい。
脂環式エポキシ基含有単位(A3)としては、脂環式エポキシ基を構造中に有し、エチレン性二重結合を有する化合物から誘導される構成単位であれば、特に限定されない。脂環式エポキシ基の脂環式基の炭素数は、5〜10程度が好ましい。共重合体(A)が脂環式エポキシ基含有単位(A3)を有することで、アウトガス発生の原因となる低分子量架橋成分を感光性樹脂組成物に添加せずとも、その耐熱性を向上することが可能となる。
また、上記共重合体(A)は、下記一般式(a−2)で表される構成単位(A2)を有することが好ましい。
前記炭化水素基の炭素数は1〜20であることが好ましい。更に、分岐状、直鎖状のアルキル基としては、炭素数1〜12が好ましく、1〜6が最も好ましい。
環状のアルキル基としては、炭素数6〜20が好ましく、6〜12が最も好ましい。置換基を有していてもよいアリール基、又は置換基を有していてもよいアラルキル基としては、炭素数6〜20が好ましく、6〜12が最も好ましい。
炭素数が20以下であればアルカリ解像性は十分であり、炭素数が1以上であれば層間絶縁膜の誘電率を低減できて好ましい。
また、上記共重合体(A)には、本発明の目的に反しない範囲で構成単位(A1)〜(A3)以外の構成単位(A4)を有していてもよい。この構成単位(A4)は、エチレン性二重結合を有する化合物から誘導される構成単位であれば、特に限定されない。このような構成単位(A4)としては、例えば、アクリルアミド類、メタクリルアミド類、アリル化合物、ビニルエーテル類、ビニルエステル類、及びスチレン類等から選ばれる化合物から誘導される構成単位が挙げられる。
上記共重合体(A)の質量平均分子量(Mw:ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィ(GPC)のポリスチレン換算による測定値)は、2000〜50000であることが好ましく、5000〜30000であることがより好ましい。分子量を2000以上とすることにより、容易に膜状に形成することが可能となる。また、分子量50000以下とすることによって、適度なアルカリ溶解性を得ることが可能となる。
感光剤(B)としては、感光成分として使用できる化合物であれば特に限定されるものではないが、好ましい例としてキノンジアジド基含有化合物が挙げられる。
本実施形態の層間絶縁膜形成用感光性樹脂組成物は、熱酸発生剤(T)を含有する。
本実施形態の層間絶縁膜形成用感光性樹脂組成物は、熱酸発生剤(T)を含有するため、熱硬化処理時に、熱により発生する酸の作用により、感光性樹脂膜中の重合反応(特にアルカリ可溶性樹脂中のエポキシ基での重合)がさらに促進され、膜密度が向上すると考えられる。
熱酸発生剤(T)としては、公知のものから適宜選択して用いればよく、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸塩、三フッ化ホウ素エーテル錯化合物、六フッ化リン酸塩、パーフルオロブタンスルホン酸、三フッ化ホウ素等のカチオン系又はプロトン酸触媒等を用いることができる。中でも、6フッ化リン酸塩、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸、パーフルオロブタンスルホン酸が好まく、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸がより好ましい。
その具体例としては、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸ジエチルアンモニウム、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸トリエチルアンモニウム、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸ジイソプロピルアンモニウム、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸エチルジイソプロピルアンモニウム等が挙げられる。また、酸発生剤としても用いられる芳香族オニウム塩のうち、熱によりカチオン種を発生するものがあり、これらも熱カチオン重合開始剤として用いることができる。例えば、サンエイドSI−45、SI−47、SI−60、SI−60L、SI−80、SI−80L、SI−100、SI−100L、SI−110L、SI−145、I−150、SI−160、SI−180L、SIーB3、SIーB3A(三新化学工業(株)製)等が挙げられる。その他にも、CI−2921、CI−2920、CI−2946、CI−3128、CI−2624、CI−2639、CI−2064(日本曹達(株)製)、CP−66、CP−77((株)ADEKA製)、FC−520(3M社製)K―PURE TAG−2396、TAG−2713S、TAG−2713、TAG−2172、TAG−2179、TAG−2168E、TAG−2722、TAG−2507、TAG−2678、TAG−2681、TAG−2679、TAG−2690、TAG−2700、TAG−2710、TAG−2100、CDX−3027、CXC−1615、CXC−1616、CXC−1750、CXC−1738、CXC−1614、CXC−1742、CXC−1743、CXC−1613、CXC−1739、CXC−1751、CXC−1766、CXC−1763、CXC−1736、CXC−1756、CXC−1821、CXC−1802−60(KING INDUSTRY社製)等が挙げられる。
上記のなかでも、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸塩又は六フッ化リン酸塩が好ましく、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸塩がより好ましい。
なお、熱酸発生剤(T)の酸発生温度がプリベーク温度よりも低いと、プリベーク時に熱酸発生剤(T)から酸が発生し、感光性樹脂膜中で重合が進行してしまうため、露光部におけるアルカリ溶解性が低下してしまい、良好なパターンが形成できない。
一方、熱酸発生剤(T)の酸発生温度を上記の範囲とした場合には、感光性樹脂膜形成後の熱硬化処理時において、感光性樹脂膜中の重合を促進できるため、パターン形成を阻害することなく、膜密度の向上に寄与できると考えられる。
前記上限値以下とすることにより、熱酸発生剤自身の光吸収の影響が低減されるため、光の透過性を良好なものとすることができ、良好にパターンを形成できると考えられる。
また、前記下限値以上とすることにより、重合に必要な酸発生量を確保し、重合が促進されるため、膜密度の高い膜を形成することができると考えられる。この結果、感光性樹脂膜の耐薬品性が向上すると考えられる。具体的には、例えば、半導体製造工程に供されるときに曝される溶剤(例えば、PGMEA、PGME、N−メチルピロリドン(NMP)等)、酸(フッ化水素酸等)、アルカリ(TMAH等)に対して優れた耐性を発揮できる。
本実施形態の層間絶縁膜形成用感光性樹脂組成物は、シランカップリング剤(C)を含有する。本実施形態の層間絶縁膜形成用感光性樹脂組成物は、シランカップリング剤(C)を含有することにより、感光性樹脂組成物により形成された膜と基板との密着性を向上できたり、感光性樹脂組成物により形成された膜の性質を調整することができたりする。
シランカップリング剤(C)として、具体的には、例えば、γ−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、γ−グリシドキシプロピルトリアコキシシラン、γ−グリシドキシプロピルアルキルジアルコキシシラン、γ−メタクリロキシプロピルトリアルコキシシラン、γ−メタクリロキシプロピルアルキルジアルコキシシラン、γ−クロロプロピルトリアルコキシシラン、γ−メルカプトプロピルトリアルコキシシラン、β−(3,4−エポキシシクロヘキシル)エチルトリアルコキシシラン、ビニルトリアルコキシシランが挙げられる。これらのうち、γ−グリシドキシプロピルトリアルコキシシランやγ−メタクリロキシプロピルトリアルコキシシランがより好ましく、γ−グリシドキシプロピルトリアルコキシシランがさらに好ましく、3−グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシランが特に好ましい。これらは1種単独または2種以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。
本実施形態の層間絶縁膜形成用感光性樹脂組成物は、さらに架橋剤(D)を含有することが好ましい。また、架橋剤(D)は、オキセタン含有化合物、エポキシ基含有化合物及びブロックイソシアネート化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種であることがより好ましい。
オキセタン基又はエポキシ基を有する化合物としては、例えば、スチレンオキシド、フェニルグリシジルエーテル、o−フェニルフェノールグリシジルエーテル、p−フェニルフェノールグリシジルエーテル、グリシジルシンナメート、メチルグリシジルエーテル、ブチルグリシジルエーテル、2−エチルヘキシルグリシジルエーテル、デシルグリシジルエーテル、ステアリルグリシジルエーテル、アリルグリシジルエーテル、グリシドール、N−グリシジルフタルイミド、1,3−ジブロモフェニルグリシジルエーテル、セロキサイド2000(ダイセル化学工業株式会社製)、オキセタンアルコール等が挙げられる。
オキセタン含有化合物の具体例としては、アロンオキセタンOXT−121、OXT−221、OX−SQ、PNOX(以上、東亞合成(株)製)を用いることができる。
エポキシ基含有化合物の具体例としては、エポキシ樹脂EXA4850−150、エポキシ樹脂EXA4850−1000(ともにDIC株式会社製)を用いることができる。
ブロックイソシアネート化合物は、常温では不活性であり、加熱されることにより、オキシム類、ジケトン類、フェノール類、カプロラクタム類等のブロック剤が解離してイソシアネート基を再生する化合物である。ブロックイソシアネート化合物は1種を単独で使用できまたは2種以上を併用できる。
中でもアダクト体としては、脂肪族ジイソシアネートとトリメチロールプロパンとの付加体が、ビウレット体としてはヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートと水又は三級アルコールとの反応物が、イソシアヌレート体としてはヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートの三量体が好ましい。
ブロック化触媒としては公知のものを使用でき、たとえば、ナトリウムメチラート、ナトリウムエチラート、ナトリウムフェノラート、カリウムメチラートなどの金属アルコラート、テトラメチルアンモニウム、テトラエチルアンモニウム、テトラブチルアンモニウムなどのテトラアルキルアンモニウムのハイドロオキサイド、これらの酢酸塩、オクチル酸塩、ミリスチン酸塩、安息香酸塩などの有機弱酸塩、酢酸、カプロン酸、オクチル酸、ミリスチン酸などのアルキルカルボン酸のアルカリ金属塩などが挙げられる。ブロック化触媒は1種を単独で使用できまたは2種以上を併用できる。
ブロックイソシアネート化合物の含有量は、本実施形態の感光性樹脂組成物の全固形分に対して好ましくは1〜60質量%、より好ましくは5〜50質量%、最も好ましくは10〜40質量%である。
また、ブロックイソシアネート化合物の中でも、アダクト型のブロックイソシアネート化合物を採用することが好ましい。
アダクト型のブロックイソシアネート化合物を採用する場合、アダクト型のブロックイソシアネート化合物の含有量は、本実施形態の感光性樹脂組成物の全固形分に対して好ましくは10〜40質量%、より好ましくは15〜25質量%である。
上記範囲とすることにより、層間絶縁膜の機械特性の向上に加え、熱耐性も付与することができる。
本実施形態に係る感光性樹脂組成物は、塗布性を改善したり、粘度を調整したりするために、有機溶剤(S)を含有することが好ましい。
本実施形態の層間絶縁膜形成用感光性樹脂組成物は、界面活性剤(E)を含有していてもよい。
界面活性剤(E)としては、シリコーン系界面活性剤またはフッ素系界面活性剤が挙げられる。具体的には、シリコーン系界面活性剤は、BYK−Chemie社のBYK−077、BYK−085、BYK−300、BYK−301、BYK−302、BYK−306、BYK−307、BYK−310、BYK−320、BYK−322、BYK−323、BYK−325、BYK−330、BYK−331、BYK−333、BYK−335、BYK−341v344、BYK−345v346、BYK−348、BYK−354、BYK−355、BYK−356、BYK−358、BYK−361、BYK−370、BYK−371、BYK−375、BYK−380、BYK−390などを使用することができる。
フッ素系界面活性剤としては、DIC(DaiNippon Ink&Chemicals)社のF−114、F−177、F−410、F−411、F−450、F−493、F−494、F−443、F−444、F−445、F−446、F−470、F−471、F−472SF、F−474、F−475、F−477、F−478、F−479、F−480SF、F−482、F−483、F−484、F−486、F−487、F−172D、MCF−350SF、TF−1025SF、TF−1117SF、TF−1026SF、TF−1128、TF−1127、TF−1129、TF−1126、TF−1130、TF−1116SF、TF−1131、TF1132、TF1027SF、TF−1441、TF−1442などを使用することができるが、これらにのみ限定されるものではない。
また、界面活性剤(E)としては、上記以外のものであってもよく、アニオン系、カチオン系、ノニオン系等の化合物が挙げられる。具体的には、X−70−090(商品名、信越化学工業社製)等を挙げることができる。
また、本実施形態に係る感光性樹脂組成物は、増感剤、消泡剤等の各種添加剤を含有していてもよい。
本実施形態の層間絶縁膜は、前記層間絶縁膜形成用感光性樹脂組成物を用いたものである。
本実施形態の層間絶縁膜は、液晶表示素子、集積回路素子、固体撮像素子等の電子部品における層状に配置される配線の間を絶縁するために設ける層間絶縁膜として好適に用いることができる。
本実施形態の層間絶縁膜の形成方法は、支持体上に、前記層間絶縁膜形成用感光性樹脂組成物を用いて感光性樹脂組成物層を形成する工程と、前記感光性樹脂組成物層を露光する工程と、露光された前記感光性樹脂組成物層を現像して層間絶縁膜パターンを形成する工程と、前記層間絶縁膜パターンを加熱硬化する工程と、を有する。
以下、本実施形態に係る感光性樹脂組成物を用いて層間絶縁膜を形成する方法について説明する。
最後に、前記パターンを加熱硬化する。この加熱硬化は、例えば300℃以下の条件で行うことが好ましく、250℃以下の条件で行うことがより好ましい。
表1に示す各成分を混合し、PGMEA/PGME=60/40(質量比)の混合溶剤に溶解して、感光性樹脂組成物を調製した。なお、実施例1〜12及び比較例1の感光性樹脂組成物の固形分濃度は40質量%である。
(A)−1:下記高分子化合物(A)−1、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィ(GPC)のポリスチレン換算による質量平均分子量(Mw)は17000、13C−NMRにより求めた共重合組成比(構造式中の各構成単位の割合(モル比))はx/y/z=50/30/20
(B)−2:下記化合物(B)−1の1モルに対し、ナフトキノンジアジド−5−スルホン酸エステルを2モル反応させたもの
(C)−1:下記化合物(C)−1
(T)−1:熱カチオン重合開始剤
(KING INDUSTRY社製、TAG−2678)
(T)−2:熱カチオン重合開始剤
(KING INDUSTRY社製、TAG−2689)
(T)−3:熱カチオン重合開始剤
(KING INDUSTRY社製、TAG−2690)
(T)−4:熱カチオン重合開始剤
(KING INDUSTRY社製、TAG−2700)
(T)−5:熱カチオン重合開始剤
(KING INDUSTRY社製、CXC−1821)
(T)−6:熱カチオン重合開始剤
(KING INDUSTRY社製、CXC−1738)
(T)−7:熱カチオン重合開始剤
(KING INDUSTRY社製、CXC−1802−60)
(E)−1:シリコーン系界面活性剤(ビックケミー・ジャパン社製、BYK−310)
実施例および比較例で調製した各感光性樹脂組成物を、8インチシリコン基板上にスピンコーター(TR25000:東京応化工業(株)製)を用いて塗布し、110℃で300秒間プリベークを行い、膜厚10μmの塗膜(感光性樹脂組成物層)を形成した。
次いで、超高圧水銀灯(ghi−line)を使用し、塗膜にマスクを介して紫外線を照射した。露光量は、1000mJ/cm2とした。
露光後の塗膜を、23℃にて2.38質量%テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液で60秒間現像し、100℃で30分間、その後120℃で30分間、その後200℃で60分間の加熱硬化処理を行い、感光性樹脂パターンを形成した。
[赤外線吸収(IR)スペクトル測定]
加熱硬化処理により感光性樹脂膜(塗膜)中の重合が促進されることによる膜密度の向上の有無を評価するため、加熱硬化処理後において、赤外線吸収(IR)スペクトル測定を行った。
加熱硬化処理後のIR測定により、エポキシ基に由来するピーク(920cm−1付近)が消失していれば、加熱硬化処理により重合が促進された、即ち、膜密度が向上したことを示す。また、加熱硬化処理後のIR測定により、エポキシ基に由来するピーク(920cm−1付近)が消失していなければ、加熱硬化処理により重合が促進されなかったことを示す。
上記で形成した感光性樹脂パターンについて、N−メチルピロリドンと、2%テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液との混合溶剤(混合比92/8)に、40℃で15分間のディップ処理を行い、感光性樹脂パターンの剥がれの有無を目視で観察した。
表2中、感光性樹脂パターンの剥がれが見受けられなかったものを「Good」、感光性樹脂パターンが部分的に剥がれていたものを「Poor」として記載する。
Claims (9)
- アルカリ可溶性樹脂(A)と、感光剤(B)と、加熱により酸を発生する熱酸発生剤(T)と、シランカップリング剤(C)と、を含有する層間絶縁膜形成用感光性樹脂組成物であって、
前記アルカリ可溶性樹脂(A)は、脂環式エポキシ基含有単位(A3)及び下記一般式(a−1−1)で表される構成単位を有する、層間絶縁膜形成用感光性樹脂組成物。
- 前記熱酸発生剤(T)は、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸塩、三フッ化ホウ素エーテル錯化合物、六フッ化リン酸塩、パーフルオロブタンスルホン酸塩、及び三フッ化ホウ素のカチオン系又はプロトン酸触媒からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項1に記載の層間絶縁膜形成用感光性樹脂組成物。
- 前記熱酸発生剤(T)の酸発生温度が、110℃以上である、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の層間絶縁膜形成用感光性樹脂組成物。
- 前記熱酸発生剤(T)の含有量は、感光性樹脂組成物の全固形分に対して0.1〜1.5質量%である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の層間絶縁膜形成用感光性樹脂組成物。
- さらに架橋剤(D)を含有する、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の層間絶縁膜形成用感光性樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の層間絶縁膜形成用感光性樹脂組成物を用いた層間絶縁膜。
- 支持体上に、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の層間絶縁膜形成用感光性樹脂組成物を用いて感光性樹脂組成物層を形成する工程と、
前記感光性樹脂組成物層を露光する工程と、
露光された前記感光性樹脂組成物層を現像して層間絶縁膜パターンを形成する工程と、
前記層間絶縁膜パターンを加熱硬化する工程と、
を有する、層間絶縁膜の形成方法。 - 前記加熱硬化の処理を300℃以下で行う、請求項8に記載の層間絶縁膜の形成方法。
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