JP6745126B2 - 育苗培地用固結剤およびこれを用いた育苗培地 - Google Patents
育苗培地用固結剤およびこれを用いた育苗培地 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6745126B2 JP6745126B2 JP2016067859A JP2016067859A JP6745126B2 JP 6745126 B2 JP6745126 B2 JP 6745126B2 JP 2016067859 A JP2016067859 A JP 2016067859A JP 2016067859 A JP2016067859 A JP 2016067859A JP 6745126 B2 JP6745126 B2 JP 6745126B2
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Landscapes
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Description
(実施例1)
<育苗培地用固結剤の調製>
育苗培地用固結剤は、攪拌装置を有する密閉槽に、乳酸系樹脂として、ポリスチレン換算Mw19万、Tg55〜60℃、L乳酸/D乳酸=89/11の市販の非晶性ポリ乳酸樹脂(以下、乳酸系樹脂Aと呼称する)100質量部、可塑剤として、アルキルジグリコールベンジルアジペート(炭素数1および4混合物、以下、可塑剤Aと呼称する)30質量部、適量の分散剤(アニオン系高分子化合物(アクリルアミド−アクリル酸ナトリウム共重合体)、カチオン性高分子化合物(アクリルアミド−メタクリル酸ジメチルアミノエチル共重合体)、ポリビニルアルコール)を含有する水175質量部、酢酸エチル265質量部を仕込み、攪拌しながら120℃に昇温し、固体原料を溶解、分散させた後、冷却し、その後、減圧下に酢酸エチルを除去することにより、可塑剤を含有する乳酸系樹脂水系分散体を得た。
得られた育苗培地用固結剤について、平均粒径、固結温度を測定した。
育苗培地用固結剤である可塑剤を含有する乳酸系樹脂水系分散体に分散している乳酸系樹脂粒子の平均粒径は、レーザー回折型粒度分布測定装置を用いて測定した。結果を表1に示す。
育苗培地用固結剤の固結温度は、井元製作所製の造膜温度測定器IMC−1538により測定した値を固結温度とした。結果を表1に示す。
育苗培地の製造は、培養土として、ピートモス70質量部、パーライト5質量部、バーミキュライト10質量部、ゼオライト10質量部、ベントナイト5質量部をミキサー(光洋機械産業株式会社製)に投入して撹拌混合し、次いで培養土100質量部に対して、表1に示す育苗培地用固結剤が同表に示す添加量(乳酸系樹脂+可塑剤)を含むようにさらに適宜水希釈(例えば、実施例1では50倍)した水系分散体5質量部を添加して、10分間撹拌混合した後、袋詰めした。
448穴のセルトレイ(ポット448育苗箱:みのる産業株式会社製)に播種機(OSE−110:みのる産業株式会社製)を用いて、袋詰めされた固結前育苗培地を一定量充填し、展圧した後、常温で1週間風乾して固結させて育苗培地を得た。
得られた育苗培地に、タマネギの種子を1穴に対して1粒ずつ再度播種機を用いて播種し、一定量の固結前育苗培地で覆土した後、一定量の潅水を行い、播種作業を完了した。
実施例1の固結前育苗培地を製造後、袋詰めして25℃で3ヶ月間保管後用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして育苗培地を得て、播種作業を完了した。
培養土100質量部に対する育苗培地用固結剤の添加量(乳酸系樹脂+可塑剤)を0.01質量部に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして育苗培地を得て、播種作業を完了した。
培養土100質量部に対する育苗培地用固結剤の添加量(乳酸系樹脂+可塑剤)を0.5質量部に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして育苗培地を得て、播種作業を完了した。
可塑剤として、可塑剤Aの代わりに、メチルジグリコールベンジルアジペート(以下、可塑剤Bと呼称する)30質量部を用い、培養土100質量部に対する育苗培地用固結剤の添加量(乳酸系樹脂+可塑剤)を0.04質量部に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして育苗培地を得て、播種作業を完了した。
可塑剤として、可塑剤Aの代わりに、ジイソプロピルアジペート(以下、可塑剤Cと呼称する)30質量部を用い、培養土100質量部に対する育苗培地用固結剤の添加量(乳酸系樹脂+可塑剤)を0.04質量部に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして育苗培地を得て、播種作業を完了した。
可塑剤として、可塑剤Aの代わりに、グリセリンジアセトモノアルキレート(炭素数8および10混合物、以下、可塑剤Dと呼称する)30質量部を用い、培養土100質量部に対する育苗培地用固結剤の添加量(乳酸系樹脂+可塑剤)を0.04質量部に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして育苗培地を得て、播種作業を完了した。
乳酸系樹脂として、ポリ乳酸系樹脂Aの代わりに、ポリスチレン換算Mw15万、Tg50〜55℃の市販の結晶性ポリ乳酸樹脂(以下、ポリ乳酸系樹脂Bと呼称する)100質量部を用い、可塑剤Aの配合量を25質量部に変更し、培養土100質量部に対する育苗培地用固結剤の添加量(乳酸系樹脂+可塑剤)を0.08質量部に変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして育苗培地を得て、播種作業を完了した。
乳酸系樹脂として、ポリ乳酸系樹脂Aの代わりに、ポリスチレン換算Mw6万、Tg48〜53℃の市販の非晶性ポリ乳酸樹脂(以下、ポリ乳酸系樹脂Cと呼称する)100質量部を用い、可塑剤Aの代わりに可塑剤Bを15質量部に用いるように変更し、培養土100質量部に対する育苗培地用固結剤の添加量(乳酸系樹脂+可塑剤)を0.3質量部に変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして育苗培地を得て、播種作業を完了した。
培養土として、ピートモス70質量部、パーライト5質量部、バーミキュライト10質量部、ゼオライト10質量部、ベントナイト5質量部をミキサー(光洋機械産業株式会社製)に投入して撹拌混合したものを用い、これに育苗培地用固結剤を添加せずにセルトレイに充填して、展圧、風乾して育苗培地を得て、播種作業を完了した。
上記の実施例および比較例で得られた播種後の育苗培地について、播種後は1日1回の潅水を一定量行い育苗し、7日後に発芽率、発根状況、子葉の展開状況について、以下の基準で評価した。
発芽率の評価基準
◎:発芽率が90%以上である。
○:発芽率が80%以上90%未満である。
△:発芽率が75%以上80%未満である。
×:発芽率が75%未満である。
◎:発根状況が極めて良好であり、セルトレイから抜き取った育苗培地の外周面に
おいてタマネギの主根を目視で確認することができる。
○:発根状況が良好であり、セルトレイから抜き取った育苗培地の外周面において
タマネギの主根を目視で確認することができる。
△:発根状況はやや不良であり、セルトレイから抜き取った育苗培地の外周面に
おいてタマネギの主根を目視で確認することはできない。
×:発根状況は不良であり、セルトレイから抜き取った育苗培地の外周面において
タマネギの主根を目視で確認することはできない。
◎:子葉の展開状況が90%以上揃っている。
○:子葉の展開状況が80%以上90%未満の揃いである。
△:子葉の展開状況が75%以上80%未満の揃いである。
×:子葉の展開状況が75%未満の揃いである。
上記育苗から60日後、タマネギの苗をセルトレイから抜取り、2mの高さから落下させ、タマネギの根鉢強度について、以下の基準で評価した。
タマネギの根鉢強度の評価基準
◎:根鉢の割れが全く生じない。
○:根鉢から1〜2個の欠片が生じる。
△:根鉢から3〜4個の欠片が生じる。
×:根鉢から5個以上の欠片が生じる。
上記育苗から60日後、セルトレイからの移植機(玉ネギ移植機歩行4条植:みのる産業株式会社製)によるタマネギの定植性(セルトレイからの抜取り性や根痛みなどの総合評価)について、以下の基準で評価した。
タマネギの定植性の評価基準
◎:セルトレイからの抜取り性が良く、根傷みが全くなく、定植性が優良である。
○:セルトレイからの抜取り性が良く、根傷みがほとんどなく、定植性が良好である。
△:セルトレイからの抜取り性がやや悪く、根傷みがわずかにあり、定植性は
やや不良である。
×:セルトレイからの抜取り性が悪く、根傷みがあり、定植性は不良である。
Claims (5)
- 育苗培地の基材である培養土に添加混合して培養土を固結させ、根鉢強度を向上させるための育苗培地用固結剤であって、
可塑剤を含有する乳酸系樹脂の水系分散体であり、乳酸系樹脂100質量部に対する可塑剤の含有量が15〜30質量部であり、固結温度が25℃以下である育苗培地用固結剤。 - 前記可塑剤が、アジピン酸誘導体系可塑剤、クエン酸誘導体系可塑剤、エーテルエステル誘導体系可塑剤、グリセリン誘導体系可塑剤、ポリヒドロキシカルボン酸誘導体系可塑剤、フタル酸誘導体系可塑剤からなる群のうちの少なくとも1種である請求項1に記載の育苗培地用固結剤。
- 請求項1または2に記載の育苗培地用固結剤を、あらかじめ、育苗培地の基材である培養土100質量部に対して固形分換算で0.01〜0.5質量部添加した水分含量60%未満の固結前育苗培地。
- 請求項1に記載の育苗培地用固結剤を、あらかじめ、育苗培地の基材である培養土100質量部に対して固形分換算で0.01〜0.5質量部添加混合して、水分含量60%未満の固結前育苗培地を得る工程と、
得られた固結前育苗培地を育苗用容器に充填し、展圧した後に常温で風乾して、固結する工程とを
含む育苗培地の製造方法。 - 前記可塑剤が、アジピン酸誘導体系可塑剤、クエン酸誘導体系可塑剤、エーテルエステル誘導体系可塑剤、グリセリン誘導体系可塑剤、ポリヒドロキシカルボン酸誘導体系可塑剤、フタル酸誘導体系可塑剤からなる群のうちの少なくとも1種である請求項4に記載の育苗培地の製造方法。
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