JP6733104B2 - 高性能カーボンナノチューブエネルギー蓄積装置 - Google Patents
高性能カーボンナノチューブエネルギー蓄積装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 114
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims description 54
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- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005497 tetraalkylphosphonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BJQWBACJIAKDTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylphosphanium Chemical compound CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC BJQWBACJIAKDTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
- H01G11/86—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/26—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features
- H01G11/28—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features arranged or disposed on a current collector; Layers or phases between electrodes and current collectors, e.g. adhesives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
- H01G11/36—Nanostructures, e.g. nanofibres, nanotubes or fullerenes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/52—Separators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
[017]図1〜図3に、本発明の一実施形態による、エネルギー蓄積装置の一部の例示的な生産段階の図を示す。図1Aを参照すると、金属基板102aが選定される。金属基板102aは金属合金としてもよく、金属合金は、Fe、NiもしくはCo、または任意の他の金属、あるいはカーボンナノチューブの成長を支える能力をもつ金属の組合せなどの金属触媒108aを含んでいる様々な合金としてもよい。一例として、FeCrAl合金、カンタル(例えば、主として鉄、クロム(20〜30%)、およびアルミニウム(4〜7.5%))、ニュージャージー州モリスタウンのDriver−HarrisCompanyから入手可能なニクロム(登録商標)(例えば、ニッケル80質量パーセントおよびクロム20質量パーセント)、またはステンレス鋼がある。
[発明の項目]
[項目1]
エネルギー蓄積装置の一部を形成する方法であって、
金属基板にアクセスするステップと、
金属基板上に複数のカーボンナノチューブ(CNT)を直接形成するステップと、
前記複数のCNTから非晶質炭素を除去するステップと、
前記複数のCNTを電解セパレータに結合するステップと、
を備える方法。
[項目2]
前記金属基板が金属触媒を含む、項目1に記載の方法。
[項目3]
前記金属基板が金属触媒でコーティングされる、項目1に記載の方法。
[項目4]
前記複数のCNTが、触媒層を追加することなく前記金属基板上で直接成長される、項目1に記載の方法。
[項目5]
前記非晶質炭素が水を伴うプロセスを経て除去される、項目1に記載の方法。
[項目6]
前記複数のCNTが実質的に垂直に整列される、項目1に記載の方法。
[項目7]
前記複数のCNTが化学気相成長(CVD)によって形成される、項目1に記載の方法。
[項目8]
キャパシタを形成する方法であって、
第1の金属基板上に第1の複数のカーボンナノチューブ(CNT)を形成するステップと、
前記第1の複数のカーボンナノチューブ(CNT)から非晶質炭素を除去するステップと、
第2の金属基板上に第2の複数のカーボンナノチューブ(CNT)を形成するステップと、
前記第2の複数のCNTから非晶質炭素を除去するステップと、
前記第1の複数のCNTおよび前記第2の複数のCNTを膜に結合するステップと、
を備える方法。
[項目9]
前記第1の金属基板および前記第2の金属基板が金属触媒を含む、項目8に記載の方法。
[項目10]
前記第1の金属基板および前記第2の金属基板が金属触媒でコーティングされる、項目8に記載の方法。
[項目11]
前記第1の複数のCNTが、触媒層を追加することなく前記第1の金属基板上に直接成長される、項目8に記載の方法。
[項目12]
前記第1の複数のCNTが実質的に垂直に整列される、項目8に記載の方法。
[項目13]
前記膜が電解セパレータである、項目8に記載の方法。
[項目14]
エネルギー蓄積装置であって、
第1の金属基板および第2の金属基板と、
電解セパレータと、
前記第1の金属基板、前記第2の金属基板、および前記電解セパレータに結合された複数のカーボンナノチューブ(CNT)と、
を備え、
前記複数のCNTの第1の部分が前記第1の金属基板上に直接成長されたものであり、前記複数のCNTの第2の部分が前記第2の金属基板上に直接成長されたものであり、前記複数のCNTから非晶質炭素が除去されている、エネルギー蓄積装置。
[項目15]
前記第1の金属基板が金属触媒を含む、項目14に記載のエネルギー蓄積装置。
[項目16]
前記複数のCNTの前記第1の部分が第1の電極を形成し、前記複数のCNTの前記第2の部分が第2の電極を形成し、前記第1の電極および前記第2の電極が1×1cm 2 より大きい、項目14に記載のエネルギー蓄積装置。
[項目17]
前記複数のCNTが、触媒層を追加することなく前記金属基板上に直接成長されている、項目14に記載のエネルギー蓄積装置。
[項目18]
前記エネルギー蓄積装置がキャパシタであり、前記キャパシタが0.05Vを超える電圧で動作可能である、項目14に記載のエネルギー蓄積装置。
[項目19]
前記複数のCNTが連続プロセスで形成されている、項目14に記載のエネルギー蓄積装置。
Claims (10)
- エネルギー蓄積装置であって、
第1および第2の金属基板と、
中間触媒層なしの前記第1および第2の金属基板にそれぞれ取り付けられた第1の複数のカーボンナノチューブおよび第2の複数のカーボンナノチューブであり、該第1および第2のカーボンナノチューブは前記複数のカーボンナノチューブ間の空間において非晶質炭素を含まない、第1のカーボンナノチューブおよび第2のカーボンナノチューブと、
電解質と、
電解セパレータと、
を備えており、
前記電解質が、無溶媒イオン液体、テトラアルキルアンモニウム塩及びリチウム塩から選択されており、第1のカーボンナノチューブおよび第2のカーボンナノチューブが非晶質炭素及び他の不純物を含まない、エネルギー蓄積装置。 - 前記第1および第2の複数のカーボンナノチューブが、それぞれ(a)前記第1および第2の基板から延びる単層若しくは多層の塔状構造体として又は(b)ランダムネットワークとして設けられている、請求項1に記載のエネルギー蓄積装置。
- 前記複数のカーボンナノチューブと前記基板との間の界面抵抗に影響を及ぼす触媒不純物を有していない、請求項1に記載のエネルギー蓄積装置。
- 前記電解質が液体若しくはゲルである、請求項1に記載のエネルギー蓄積装置。
- 前記エネルギー蓄積装置がキャパシタであり、前記キャパシタが0.05Vを超える電圧で動作可能である、請求項1に記載のエネルギー蓄積装置。
- 家庭用電化装置、車両、スマートグリッド、又は無停電の若しくは予備の電源システムの作動要素をさらに備える、請求項1に記載のエネルギー蓄積装置。
- 複数のカーボンナノチューブが前記複数のカーボンナノチューブ間の空間において非晶質炭素を含む対応する装置に比べて少なくとも3倍大きい比静電容量を有する、請求項1に記載のエネルギー蓄積装置。
- 前記第1および第2の基板が、非晶質炭素を含む対応する第1および第2の基板に比べて大きな気孔率を有する、請求項1に記載のエネルギー蓄積装置。
- 前記複数のカーボンナノチューブは、非晶質炭素を含む不純物が除去済みであり、前記不純物は水プロセスにより前記複数のカーボンナノチューブから除去され、前記水プロセスは、水濃度を制御するために混合される追加の乾燥したキャリアガス流と湿った不活性キャリアガス流とを含む、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載のエネルギー蓄積装置。
- エネルギー蓄積装置であって、
第1および第2の金属基板と、
中間触媒層なしの前記第1および第2の金属基板にそれぞれ取り付けられた第1の複数のカーボンナノチューブおよび第2の複数のカーボンナノチューブであり、該第1および第2のカーボンナノチューブは前記複数のカーボンナノチューブ間の空間において非晶質炭素を含まない、第1のカーボンナノチューブおよび第2のカーボンナノチューブと、
電解質と、
電解セパレータと、
を備えており、
前記電解質がゲルである、エネルギー蓄積装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US28878809P | 2009-12-21 | 2009-12-21 | |
US61/288,788 | 2009-12-21 |
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US20110157770A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
EP2517219A2 (en) | 2012-10-31 |
CN102893351A (zh) | 2013-01-23 |
TW201135769A (en) | 2011-10-16 |
WO2011084756A3 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
WO2011084756A2 (en) | 2011-07-14 |
US20150068001A1 (en) | 2015-03-12 |
EP2517219B1 (en) | 2020-10-07 |
JP2013514967A (ja) | 2013-05-02 |
US8817452B2 (en) | 2014-08-26 |
JP2018110245A (ja) | 2018-07-12 |
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EP2517219A4 (en) | 2014-05-21 |
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