JP6683650B2 - エンジンオイル組成物の煤またはスラッジ処理能力を維持するための方法 - Google Patents
エンジンオイル組成物の煤またはスラッジ処理能力を維持するための方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6683650B2 JP6683650B2 JP2017090974A JP2017090974A JP6683650B2 JP 6683650 B2 JP6683650 B2 JP 6683650B2 JP 2017090974 A JP2017090974 A JP 2017090974A JP 2017090974 A JP2017090974 A JP 2017090974A JP 6683650 B2 JP6683650 B2 JP 6683650B2
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- dispersant
- anhydride
- acid
- aromatic
- oil
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- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- OGHBATFHNDZKSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-olate Chemical compound CC(C)[O-] OGHBATFHNDZKSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VPFNQPKIUJJSEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CC3=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 VPFNQPKIUJJSEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NESLWCLHZZISNB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium phenolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 NESLWCLHZZISNB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960004025 sodium salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002195 soluble material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- PTISTKLWEJDJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemolybdenum Chemical class [Mo]=S PTISTKLWEJDJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940095068 tetradecene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JZALLXAUNPOCEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 JZALLXAUNPOCEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical class [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 235000010215 titanium dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CFJRPNFOLVDFMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium disulfide Chemical compound S=[Ti]=S CFJRPNFOLVDFMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JMXKSZRRTHPKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium ethoxide Chemical compound [Ti+4].CC[O-].CC[O-].CC[O-].CC[O-] JMXKSZRRTHPKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QDZRBIRIPNZRSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[Ti](O[N+]([O-])=O)(O[N+]([O-])=O)O[N+]([O-])=O QDZRBIRIPNZRSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUWGUJSXVOBPHP-UHFFFAOYSA-B titanium(4+);tetraphosphate Chemical class [Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O JUWGUJSXVOBPHP-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- VQOXUMQBYILCKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecaene Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC=C VQOXUMQBYILCKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005691 triesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005023 xylyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
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- C10M133/56—Amides; Imides
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/12—Reaction products
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C10M2207/123—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms polycarboxylic
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- C10M2207/16—Naphthenic acids
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- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
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- C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
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- C10N2020/04—Molecular weight; Molecular weight distribution
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/251—Alcohol-fuelled engines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
- C10N2040/253—Small diesel engines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2060/00—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition
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Description
(a)炭化水素置換基、すなわち、脂肪族(たとえば、アルキルもしくはアルケニル)、脂環族(たとえば、シクロアルキル、シクロアルケニル)置換基、ならびに芳香族、脂肪族、および脂環族で置換された芳香族置換基、さらには環状置換基(その環は、その分子の他の部分で完結している(たとえば、2個の置換基が合わさって、脂環残基を形成している));
(b)置換された炭化水素置換基、すなわち、置換基が、(本開示に関連して、主要部分の炭化水素置換基を変化させない)非炭化水素基を含む(たとえば、ハロ(特には、クロロおよびフルオロ)、ヒドロキシ、アルコキシ、メルカプト、アルキルメルカプト、ニトロ、ニトロソ、アミノ、アルキルアミノ、およびスルホキシ);ならびに
(c)ヘテロ置換基、すなわち、本開示に関連して、主として炭化水素的性質を有しながら、そうでなければ炭素原子で構成されていた環または鎖中に炭素以外のものを含む置換基。ヘテロ原子には、硫黄、酸素、および窒素が含まれ得、ピリジル、フリル、チエニル、およびイミダゾリルのような置換基が包含される。一般的には、ヒドロカルビル基中で炭素原子10個あたり2個以下、たとえば1個以下の非炭化水素置換基が存在するであろうが、典型的には、ヒドロカルビル基中には非炭化水素置換基は存在しないであろう。
成分AおよびA’のヒドロカルビル−ジカルボン酸または無水物のヒドロカルビル残基は、ブテンポリマー、たとえばイソブチレンのポリマーから誘導することができる。本明細書で用いる場合、好適なポリイソブテンとしては、ポリイソブチレン、または少なくとも約60%、たとえば約70%〜約90%などの高い末端ビニリデン含量を有する、高度に反応性が高いポリイソブチレンからのものが挙げられる。好適なポリイソブテンとしては、BF3触媒を使用して調製したものが挙げられる。ポリアルケニル置換基の平均の数分子量は、先に挙げたように、GPCで、較正標準としてポリスチレンを使用して測定して、広い範囲、たとえば約100〜約5000、たとえば約500〜約5000で変化させることができる。
官能化分散剤を調製するための成分BまたはB’として、任意の多くのポリアミンを使用することができる。ポリアミン成分のBまたはB’は、ポリアルキレンポリアミンであってよい。ポリアミンの例としては以下のものが挙げられるが、これらに限定されるわけではない:エチレンジアミン、プロパンジアミン、ブタンジアミン、ジエチレントリアミン(DETA)、トリエチレンテトラアミン(TETA)、ペンタエチレンヘキサミン(PEHA)アミノエチルピペラジン、テトラエチレンペンタミン(TEPA)、N−メチル−1,3−プロパンジアミン、N,N’−ジメチル−1,3−プロパンジアミン、アミノグアニジンビカーボネート(AGBC)、および重質ポリアミン、たとえば、E100重質アミンボトム。重質ポリアミンには、少量の低級ポリアミンオリゴマー、たとえばTEPAおよびPEHA、主として7個以上の窒素原子を有するオリゴマー、1分子あたり2個以上の一級アミン、通常のポリアミン混合物よりも多くの分岐を有するポリアルキレンポリアミンの混合物が含まれていてよい。ヒドロカルビルで置換されたスクシンイミド分散剤を調製するために使用することが可能である、さらなるポリアミン(これらに限定されるわけではない)が(特許文献3)に開示されている(その開示は、参照により全体が本明細書に組み入れられる)。好ましくは、第一および第二の分散剤を形成させるための反応において成分BまたはB’として使用されるポリアミンが、トリエチレンテトラアミン、テトラエチレンペンタミン、E100重質アミンボトム、およびそれらの組合せの群から選択されるのが好ましい。1つの好ましい実施形態では、そのポリアミンがテトラエチレンペンタミン(TEPA)であってよい。
成分Cは、芳香族カルボン酸、芳香族ポリカルボン酸、または芳香族酸無水物であるが、ここでカルボン酸または無水物基(1個または複数)はすべて、芳香族環に直接結合されている。そのようなカルボキシル含有芳香族化合物は、以下のものから選択することができる:1,8−ナフタル酸または無水物、および1,2−ナフタレンジカルボン酸または無水物、2,3−ナフタレンジカルボン酸または無水物、ナフタレン−1,4−ジカルボン酸、ナフタレン−2,6−ジカルボン酸、フタル酸無水物、ピロメリット酸無水物、1,2,4−ベンゼントリカルボン酸無水物、ジフェン酸または無水物、2,3−ピリジンジカルボン酸または無水物、3,4−ピリジンジカルボン酸または無水物、1,4,5,8−ナフタレンテトラカルボン酸または無水物、ペリレン−3,4,9,10−テトラカルボン酸無水物、ピレンジカルボン酸または無水物など。1molのポリアミンあたりに反応させるこの後処理成分のmol数は、約0.1:1〜約2:1の範囲とするのがよい。反応混合物中における、この後処理成分対ポリアミンの典型的なモル比は、約0.2:1〜約2.0:1の範囲とするのがよい。使用することが可能である、この後処理成分対ポリアミンのまた別のモル比は、0.25:1〜約1.5:1の範囲とするのがよい。この後処理成分は、他の成分と約140℃〜約180℃の範囲の温度で反応させるのがよい。
成分Dは、非芳香族ジカルボン酸または無水物である。その非芳香族ジカルボン酸または無水物は、500未満の数平均分子量を有しているのがよい。好適なカルボン酸または無水物としては、以下のものが挙げられるが、それらに限定されるわけではない:酢酸または無水物、シュウ酸および無水物、マロン酸および無水物、コハク酸および無水物、アルケニルコハク酸および無水物、グルタル酸および無水物、アジピン酸および無水物、ピメリン酸および無水物、スベリン酸および無水物、アゼライン酸および無水物、セバシン酸および無水物、マレイン酸および無水物、フマル酸および無水物、酒石酸および無水物、グリコール酸および無水物、1,2,3,6−テトラヒドロナフタル酸および無水物など。
本明細書における潤滑オイル組成物において使用されるベースオイルは、American Petroleum Institute(API)Base Oil Interchangeablity Guidelinesに規定されているグループI〜Vに属する各種のベースオイルの任意のものから選択することができる。その5つのベースオイルのグループは以下の通りである。
本明細書における潤滑オイル組成物には、任意選択的に、1種または複数の抗酸化剤がさらに含まれていてもよい。抗酸化剤化合物は公知であり、たとえば以下のものが挙げられる:フェネート、フェネートスルフィド、硫化オレフィン、リン硫化テルペン、硫化エステル、芳香族アミン、アルキル化ジフェニルアミン(たとえば、ノニルジフェニルアミン、ジ−ノニルジフェニルアミン、オクチルジフェニルアミン、ジ−オクチルジフェニルアミン)、フェニル−アルファ−ナフチルアミン、アルキル化フェニル−アルファ−ナフチルアミン、ヒンダード非芳香族アミン、フェノール、ヒンダードフェノール、油溶性モリブデン化合物、高分子量抗酸化剤、またはそれらの混合物。抗酸化剤化合物は単独で使用してもよく、または組み合わせて使用してもよい。
本明細書における潤滑オイル組成物には、任意選択的に、1種または複数の摩耗防止剤がさらに含まれていてもよい。好適な摩耗防止剤の例としては、以下のものが挙げられるが、それらに限定されるわけではない:金属のチオリン酸塩;金属のジアルキルジチオリン酸塩;それらのリン酸エステルまたは塩;リン酸エステル;ホスファイト;リン含有カルボン酸エステル、エーテル、またはアミド;硫化オレフィン;チオカルバメート含有化合物、たとえば、チオカルバメートエステル、アルキレン−カップルドチオカルバメート、およびビス(S−アルキルジチオカルバミル)ジスルフィド;およびそれらの混合物。好適な摩耗防止剤は、ジチオカルバミン酸モリブデンであってよい。リン含有摩耗防止剤について、(特許文献13)にさらに詳しい説明がある。ジアルキルジチオリン酸塩中の金属は、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、アルミニウム、鉛、スズ、モリブデン、マンガン、ニッケル、銅、チタン、または亜鉛であってよい。有用な摩耗防止剤は、ジアルキルチオリン酸亜鉛である。
本明細書における潤滑オイル組成物には、任意選択的に、1種または複数のホウ素含有化合物が含まれていてもよい。
潤滑オイル組成物には、任意選択的に、1種または複数の中性、低塩基性、または過塩基性の洗浄剤、およびそれらの混合物をさらに含んでいてよい。好適な洗浄剤基材としては、以下のものが挙げられる:フェネート、硫黄含有フェネート、スルホネート、カリキサレート、サリキサレート、サリチレート、カルボン酸、リン酸、モノ−および/もしくはジ−チオリン酸、アルキルフェノール、硫黄カップリングされたアルキルフェノール化合物、またはメチレン架橋されたフェノール。好適な洗浄剤およびそれらの調製方法は、多くの特許公刊物、たとえば(特許文献15)およびそれに引用されている文献により詳しく説明されている。洗浄剤基材は、アルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属を用いて塩とすることができるが、そのような金属としては、たとえば、カルシウム、マグネシウム、カリウム、ナトリウム、リチウム、バリウム、またはそれらの混合物が挙げられるが、これらに限定されるわけではない。いくつかの実施形態では、その洗浄剤にはバリウムが含まれない。好適な洗浄剤としては、石油スルホン酸、および長鎖のモノ−もしくはジ−アルキルアリールスルホン酸(ここでそのアリール基は、ベンジル、トリル、およびキシリルである)のアルカリもしくはアルカリ土類金属の塩が挙げられる。好適な洗浄剤の例としては、以下のものが挙げられるが、それらに限定されるわけではない:カルシウムフェネート、カルシウム硫黄含有フェネート、カルシウムスルホネート、カルシウムカリキサレート、カルシウムサリキサレート、カルシウムサリチレート、カルシウムカルボン酸、カルシウムリン酸、カルシウムモノ−および/またはジ−チオリン酸、カルシウムアルキルフェノール、カルシウム硫黄カップルドアルキルフェノール化合物、カルシウムメチレン架橋フェノール、マグネシウムフェネート、マグネシウム硫黄含有フェネート、マグネシウムスルホネート、マグネシウムカリキサレート、マグネシウムサリキサレート、マグネシウムサリチレート、マグネシウムカルボン酸、マグネシウムリン酸、マグネシウムモノ−および/またはジ−チオリン酸、マグネシウムアルキルフェノール、マグネシウム硫黄カップルドアルキルフェノール化合物、マグネシウムメチレン架橋フェノール、ナトリウムフェネート、ナトリウム硫黄含有フェネート、ナトリウムスルホネート、ナトリウムカリキサレート、ナトリウムサリキサレート、ナトリウムサリチレート、ナトリウムカルボン酸、ナトリウムリン酸、ナトリウムモノ−および/またはジ−チオリン酸、ナトリウムアルキルフェノール、ナトリウム硫黄カップルドアルキルフェノール化合物、またはナトリウムメチレン架橋フェノール。
潤滑オイル組成物には、任意選択的に、1種または複数の追加の分散剤またはそれらの混合物をさらに含んでいてよい。
本明細書における潤滑オイル組成物には、任意選択的に、1種または複数の摩擦調節剤がさらに含まれていてもよい。好適な摩擦調節剤としては、金属含有および金属非含有の摩擦調節剤が含まれ、たとえば以下のものが挙げられるが、それらに限定されるわけではない:イミダゾリン、アミド、アミン、スクシンイミド、アルコキシル化アミン、アルコキシル化エーテルアミン、アミンオキシド、アミドアミン、ニトリル、ベタイン、四級アミン、イミン、アミンの塩、アミノグアニジン、アルカノールアミド、ホスホネート、金属含有化合物、グリセロールエステル、硫化脂肪族化合物およびオレフィン、ヒマワリ油、その他の天然由来の植物油または動物油、ジカルボン酸エステル、ポリオールと1種または複数の脂肪族もしくは芳香族カルボン酸などとのエステルもしくは部分エステルなど。
本明細書における潤滑オイル組成物には、任意選択的に、1種または複数のモリブデン含有成分がさらに含まれていてもよい。油溶性のモリブデン化合物は、摩耗防止剤、抗酸化剤、摩擦調節剤、またはそれらを組み合わせた基本的性能を有している可能性がある。油溶性のモリブデン化合物としては、以下のものが挙げられる:ジチオカルバミン酸モリブデン、ジアルキルジチオリン酸モリブデン、ジチオホスフィン酸モリブデン、モリブデン化合物のアミン塩、キサントゲン酸モリブデン、チオキサントゲン酸モリブデン、硫化モリブデン、カルボン酸モリブデン、モリブデンアルコキシド、三核オルガノモリブデン化合物、および/またはそれらの混合物。硫化モリブデンには、二硫化モリブデンも含まれる。二硫化モリブデンは、安定な分散体の形態であってもよい。1つの実施形態では、その油溶性モリブデン化合物を、ジチオカルバミン酸モリブデン、ジアルキルジチオリン酸モリブデン、モリブデン化合物のアミン塩、およびそれらの混合物からなる群から選択することができる。1つの実施形態では、その油溶性モリブデン化合物が、ジチオカルバミン酸モリブデンであってもよい。
また別の実施形態では、その油溶性化合物が、遷移金属含有化合物またはメタロイドであってもよい。遷移金属としては、以下のものが挙げられるが、それらに限定されるわけではない:チタン、バナジウム、銅、亜鉛、ジルコニウム、モリブデン、タンタル、タングステンなど。好適なメタロイドとしては、以下のものが挙げられるが、それらに限定されるわけではない、ホウ素、ケイ素、アンチモン、テルルなど。
または次式で表すことができる:
本明細書における潤滑オイル組成物には、任意選択的に、1種または複数の粘度指数改良剤がさらに含まれていてもよい。好適な粘度指数改良剤としては、以下のものが挙げられる:ポリオレフィン、オレフィンコポリマー、エチレン/プロピレンコポリマー、ポリイソブテン、水素化スチレン−イソプレンポリマー、スチレン/マレイン酸エステルコポリマー、水素化スチレン/ブタジエンコポリマー、水素化イソプレンポリマー、アルファ−オレフィン−無水マレイン酸コポリマー、ポリメタクリレート、ポリアクリレート、ポリアルキルスチレン、水素化アルケニルアリール共役ジエンコポリマー、またはそれらの混合物。粘度指数改良剤にはスターポリマーが含まれていてもよく、好適な例が、(特許文献44)に記載されている。
潤滑流体に要求される1つまたは複数の機能を達成するために、その他の添加剤を選択してもよい。さらには、上述の添加剤の1種または複数が、多官能性であって、本明細書に記載した機能を加えるか、または本明細書に記載したものとは別の機能を与えてもよい。
本開示による潤滑剤配合物を評価するために、分散剤の各種の組合せにおいて、煤を分散させるそれらの性能について試験した。分散剤を含まない流体を使用して燃焼させたディーゼルエンジンを用いて、4.3重量%の煤を含む煤入りのオイルを発生させた。次いでそのオイルを、コーン/プレート式のレオメーターで剪断速度掃引により試験して、Newtonian/非Newtonian挙動を調べた。
上述の煤入りのオイルのサンプル、および上に列記した追加の添加剤と共に2種の分散剤を含む添加剤組成物を使用して、潤滑剤組成物を調製した。第一の分散剤は、MW1300のHR PIBおよびMW2300のHR PIBの混合物を含むPIBSAであった。第二の分散剤は、高反応性PIBとコハク酸無水物(「SA」)を1.75:1のSA:PIBのモル比で使用した反応生成物であった。そのようにして得られたPIBSAを、次いで、テトラエチレンペンタミン(「TEPA」)と、4:3〜2:1の範囲のPIBSA:アミンのモル比を使用して、反応させた。
上述の煤入りのオイルのサンプル、および上に列記した追加の添加剤と共に2種の分散剤を含む添加剤組成物を使用して、潤滑剤組成物を調製した。第一の分散剤は、高反応性PIBを含むPIBSA(SA:PIBのモル比、1.2:1)を、トリエチレンテトラアミンおよびE−100ボトムと、4:3〜2:1の範囲のPIBSA:アミンのモル比で反応させた反応生成物を後処理したものであった。その反応生成物は、無水マレイン酸およびホウ酸を用いて後処理した。
上述の煤入りのオイルのサンプル、および上に列記した追加の添加剤と共に2種の分散剤を含む添加剤組成物を使用して、潤滑剤組成物を調製した。第一の分散剤は、MW1300のHR PIBおよびMW2300のMW PIBの混合物を含むPIBSAであった。
上述の煤入りのオイルのサンプル、および上に列記した追加の添加剤と共に2種の分散剤を含む添加剤組成物を使用して、潤滑剤組成物を調製した。その組合せ中の第一の分散剤は、1.15:1のSA:PIBのモル比を有する高反応性PIBおよびコハク酸無水物SAと、トリエチレンテトラミンおよびE−100(ボトム)の混合物とを、4:3〜2:1の範囲のPIBSA:アミンのモル比で反応させた反応生成物であった。
上述の煤入りのオイルのサンプル、および上に列記した追加の添加剤と共に3種の分散剤を含む添加剤組成物を使用して、潤滑剤組成物を調製した。第一の分散剤は、MW1300のHR PIBおよびMW2300のHR PIBの混合物を含むPIBSAであった。
上述の煤入りのオイルのサンプル、および上に列記した追加の添加剤と共に2種の分散剤を含む添加剤組成物を使用して、潤滑剤組成物を調製した。第一の分散剤は、高反応性PIBを含むPIBSA(SA:PIBのモル比、1.2:1)を、トリエチレンテトラアミンおよびE−100ボトムと、4:3〜2:1の範囲のPIBSA:アミンのモル比で反応させた反応生成物を後処理したものであった。次いでその反応生成物を、無水マレイン酸およびホウ酸を用いて後処理した。
上述の煤入りのオイルのサンプル、および上に列記した追加の添加剤と共に2種の分散剤を含む添加剤組成物を使用して、潤滑剤組成物を調製した。第一の分散剤は、高反応性PIBを含むPIBSA(SA:PIBのモル比、1.2:1)を、トリエチレンテトラアミンおよびE−100ボトムと、4:3〜2:1の範囲のPIBSA:アミンのモル比で反応させた反応生成物を後処理したものであった。次いでその反応生成物を、無水マレイン酸およびホウ酸を用いて後処理した。
上述の煤入りのオイルのサンプル、および上に列記した追加の添加剤と共に2種の分散剤を含む添加剤組成物を使用して、潤滑剤組成物を調製した。第一の分散剤は、MW1300のHR PIBおよびMW2300のHR PIBの混合物を含むPIBSAであった。
上述の煤入りのオイルのサンプル、および上に列記した追加の添加剤と共に2種の分散剤を含む添加剤組成物を使用して、潤滑剤組成物を調製した。第一の分散剤は、高反応性PIBを含むPIBSA(SA:PIBのモル比、1.2:1)を、トリエチレンテトラアミンおよびE−100ボトムと、4:3〜2:1の範囲のPIBSA:アミンのモル比で反応させた反応生成物を後処理したものであった。その反応生成物は、無水マレイン酸およびホウ酸を用いて後処理した。
Claims (14)
- エンジンオイル組成物に添加剤組成物を添加する工程を含む、エンジンオイル組成物の煤またはスラッジ処理能力を維持するための方法であって、
前記添加剤組成物が、
(a)前記エンジンオイル組成物の全重量を基準にして少なくとも0.05重量パーセントの、A)ヒドロカルビル−ジカルボン酸または無水物とB)少なくとも1種のポリアミンとの反応生成物である第一の分散剤;および
(b)前記エンジンオイル組成物の全重量を基準にして少なくとも0.05重量パーセントの、A’)ヒドロカルビル−ジカルボン酸または無水物とB’)少なくとも1種のポリアミンとの反応生成物である第二の分散剤
を含み、前記第二の分散剤の反応生成物が、以下のC)またはC)およびD)の組合せを用いて後処理されており、ここで、C)は芳香族カルボン酸、芳香族ポリカルボン酸、もしくは芳香族酸無水物であって、すべてのカルボン酸または無水物基が芳香族環に直接結合されている、芳香族カルボン酸、芳香族ポリカルボン酸、もしくは芳香族酸無水物、D)は500未満の数平均分子量を有する非芳香族ジカルボン酸または無水物であり、第二の分散剤である反応生成物は、モル比で、4:3〜2:1の範囲のA’対B’の比率を有し、
前記エンジンオイル組成物は、エンジンオイル組成物の全重量を基準にして50重量%〜99重量%のベースオイルを含み、かつ前記エンジンオイル組成物は15質量%よりも低いNoack揮発性を有する、
方法。 - 前記ヒドロカルビルジカルボン酸または無水物A’がポリイソブテニルコハク酸または無水物を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- Cが1,8−無水ナフタル酸を含み、およびDが無水マレイン酸を含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- Dが無水マレイン酸を含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記ヒドロカルビルジカルボン酸または無水物AおよびA’が、それぞれポリイソブテニルコハク酸または無水物を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第二の分散剤が、成分A’およびB’と、C)ジカルボキシル含有縮合芳香族化合物またはその無水物、およびD)500未満の数平均分子量を有する非芳香族ジカルボン酸または無水物との反応生成物である、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記添加剤組成物が、前記第一および第二の分散剤と異なる第三の分散剤を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第三の分散剤がポリイソブテニルコハク酸または無水物である、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記第三の分散剤が、C)芳香族カルボン酸、芳香族ポリカルボン酸、もしくは芳香族酸無水物であって、すべてのカルボン酸または無水物基が芳香族環に直接結合されている、芳香族カルボン酸、芳香族ポリカルボン酸、もしくは芳香族酸無水物、および/またはD)500未満の数平均分子量を有する非芳香族ジカルボン酸または無水物を用いて後処理されている、A’)ヒドロカルビル−ジカルボン酸または無水物とB’)少なくとも1種のポリアミンとの反応生成物である、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記第三の分散剤が、500未満の数平均分子量を有する非芳香族ジカルボン酸または無水物を用いて後処理されている、A’)ヒドロカルビル−ジカルボン酸または無水物とB’)少なくとも1種のポリアミンとの反応生成物である、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 洗浄剤、分散剤、摩擦調節剤、抗酸化剤、さび止め剤、粘度指数改良剤、乳化剤、解乳化剤、腐食防止剤、摩耗防止剤、金属ジヒドロカルビルジチオホスフェート、アッシュフリーのアミンリン酸塩、消泡剤、および流動点降下剤、ならびにそれらの任意の組合せの1種または複数をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記エンジンオイル組成物は、少なくとも1.5%の煤を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記エンジンオイル組成物は、2%〜3%の煤を含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記エンジンオイル組成物が13質量%よりも低いNoack揮発性を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
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BR102017010241A2 (pt) | 2017-12-05 |
JP2020073686A (ja) | 2020-05-14 |
KR102344824B1 (ko) | 2021-12-28 |
US10179886B2 (en) | 2019-01-15 |
MX2017006376A (es) | 2018-08-28 |
KR20170129629A (ko) | 2017-11-27 |
CN107400547B (zh) | 2020-03-03 |
EP3246383A1 (en) | 2017-11-22 |
AU2021201153A1 (en) | 2021-03-11 |
AU2021201153B2 (en) | 2022-05-26 |
JP2017206684A (ja) | 2017-11-24 |
SG10201704041RA (en) | 2017-12-28 |
CN107400547A (zh) | 2017-11-28 |
AU2017202987B2 (en) | 2021-04-01 |
CA2965259C (en) | 2020-11-17 |
EP3246383B1 (en) | 2023-01-18 |
US20170335228A1 (en) | 2017-11-23 |
CA2965259A1 (en) | 2017-11-17 |
AU2017202987A1 (en) | 2017-12-07 |
BR102017010241B1 (pt) | 2022-02-08 |
US20190106650A1 (en) | 2019-04-11 |
US10494583B2 (en) | 2019-12-03 |
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