JP6670063B2 - 導電性部材 - Google Patents

導電性部材 Download PDF

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Publication number
JP6670063B2
JP6670063B2 JP2015182825A JP2015182825A JP6670063B2 JP 6670063 B2 JP6670063 B2 JP 6670063B2 JP 2015182825 A JP2015182825 A JP 2015182825A JP 2015182825 A JP2015182825 A JP 2015182825A JP 6670063 B2 JP6670063 B2 JP 6670063B2
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Prior art keywords
resin
conductive
fabric
bent portion
conductive member
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JP2015182825A
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JP2017056621A (ja
Inventor
佐々木　貴行
貴行 佐々木
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Seiren Co Ltd
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Seiren Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2015182825A priority Critical patent/JP6670063B2/ja
Priority to KR1020187010310A priority patent/KR102164133B1/ko
Priority to PCT/JP2016/074102 priority patent/WO2017047320A1/ja
Priority to US15/760,152 priority patent/US10737461B2/en
Priority to CN201680051400.2A priority patent/CN108025527B/zh
Priority to TW105129776A priority patent/TWI593843B/zh
Publication of JP2017056621A publication Critical patent/JP2017056621A/ja
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Publication of JP6670063B2 publication Critical patent/JP6670063B2/ja
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    • B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
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    • C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
    • C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
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Description

本発明は導電性部材に関する。特に直線状の屈曲部が設けられ、この屈曲部を跨いで導電性を有しており、繰り返し屈曲された場合でも良好な導電性を保持することが可能な導電性部材に関する。
電子機器の小型化に伴い、内部に用いられる導電性部材についても小型化、薄型化が求められている。更にノートブックパソコンやタブレット、携帯ゲーム機などにおいては折り畳み式の構造を有する機器も多い。この場合、折り畳み構造に対応した導電性部材が用いられるが、繰り返し屈曲された場合には導電性を確保することが困難であった。特に機器が小型化、薄型化することにより、屈曲の曲げ半径が小さくなるほど導電性の確保が困難となる。
従来、屈曲部を跨いで導電性を備える機器にはＦＰＣ（フレキシブルプリント基板）が用いられてきた。しかしながら、曲げ半径が０．５ｍｍ以下で鋭角に屈曲される場合には基材の樹脂フィルムが破断してしまうという問題がある。
特許文献１にはフレキシブルプリント基板の屈曲部の内側に、屈曲部の曲率半径が小さくなることを規制する規制フィルムを設けることが記載されている。この方法では部分的にフレキシブルプリント基板の厚みが増大し、機器の小型化、薄型化の妨げとなる。しかも屈曲半径が小さくなることを規制するため、屈曲した際に屈曲部まわりが嵩張るという問題がある。
特開２００７−２７２２１号公報
本発明は、曲げ半径の小さな屈曲部を有しながら、繰り返し屈曲に耐える良好な導電性を有する導電性部材を提供する。
導電性織物と支持体とから構成され、少なくとも一の直線状屈曲部を有しており、前記直線状屈曲部を跨いで導電性を備える導電性部材であって、前記直線状屈曲部と、前記導電性織物の経糸または緯糸のいずれか一方との成す角度が５〜４５°であり、前記導電性織物は、合成繊維から成る織物に湿式メッキ法によって形成された金属被膜が積層されている導電性織物であり、前記導電性織物の表面は、ウレタン樹脂、メラミン樹脂、ポリアミン樹脂、ビニルエステル樹脂、フェノール樹脂、フッ素樹脂からなる群より選択される少なくとも１種の樹脂によるコーティング被膜が形成されていることを特徴とする導電性部材である。
前記コーティング被膜を形成する樹脂はウレタン樹脂であることが望ましい。
前記直線状屈曲部において折り曲げられた際の、前記導電性織物の曲げ半径が０．５ｍｍ以下であることが望ましい。
本発明によれば、曲げ半径の小さな屈曲部において、繰り返し屈曲に耐える良好な導電性を備えた導電性部材を提供することができる。
図１は本発明の導電性部材を示す概略図である。
本発明の導電性部材は、導電性織物と支持体とから成る。支持体は金属、セラミック、樹脂、紙等、特に材質は限定されない。また複数の材質が組み合わされた複合体であっても良い。支持体には少なくとも一の直線状屈曲部が設けられる。直線状屈曲部は蝶番構造など機械的な構造であっても良いし、部分的に柔軟な樹脂素材を用いた構造であっても良い。
本発明に用いられる導電性織物としては、天然繊維や再生繊維、半合成繊維、合成繊維などからなる織物に金属被膜を形成したものが挙げられる。金属被膜は湿式メッキ法（無電解メッキ、電気メッキ）などの手法を用いて形成されることが好ましい。
金属被膜を構成する金属としては、銅、ニッケル、銀、金、亜鉛、スズ、またはそれらの合金等が挙げられ、中でも、導電性と製造コストを考慮して銅、ニッケル及び銀が好ましい。これらの金属により形成される金属被膜は、１層のみであっても良く、２層以上の多層構造であっても良い。
天然繊維としては、綿、麻、絹等が挙げられ、再生繊維としてはレーヨン、キュプラレーヨン、ポリノジックレーヨン等が挙げられる。半合成繊維としてはアセテート繊維、タンパク質系半合成繊維等、合成繊維としては、ポリエステル系繊維、ポリアミド系繊維、アクリル繊維、ビニロン繊維、ポリオレフィン繊維、ポリウレタン繊維等が挙げられる。これらの中でも強度の点で合成繊維が好ましく、特にポリエステル系繊維、ポリアミド系繊維がより好ましい。
上記繊維素材からなる経糸および緯糸を用いて織物が形成される。経糸および緯糸の繊度は１１〜１６７ｄｔｅｘであることが好ましく、より好ましくは３３〜１１１ｄｔｅｘである。繊度が１１ｄｔｅｘ以上であれば強度及び湿式メッキ法における加工性に優れる。１６７ｄｔｅｘ以下であれば織物の風合いが硬くならず好ましい。織物の組織としては、平織り、綾織り、朱子織等、特に限定されないが、強度の観点から平織りであることが好ましい。
導電性織物としては合成繊維から成る織物に湿式メッキ法による金属被膜が形成されたものであることが好ましい。湿式メッキ法によれば均一で十分な厚みを有する金属被膜を形成することができる。更に湿式メッキ法によれば、織物全体のみならず、部分的に金属被膜を形成することも容易であり、導電性のパターンを自由に形成することができる。尚、湿式メッキ法による金属被膜の形成は、織物を形成した後に実施されても良いし、製織前の糸の状態で実施されても良い。
湿式メッキ法による金属被膜は単一の金属による単一層の被膜であっても良いし、単一あるいは複数の種類の金属による複数層の被膜が積層されたものであっても良い。好ましい金属の組み合わせとしては、銅−ニッケル、銅−スズ、銅−銀等が挙げられる。単一層の場合には湿式メッキ法として無電解メッキが適用される。複数層の被膜が積層されたもので有る場合においても、合成繊維の表面に形成される第一の金属被膜は無電解メッキによって形成される。二層目以降の被膜は、無電解メッキによる被膜であっても良いし、無電解メッキによる第一の被膜を陰極とした電気メッキによる被膜であっても良い。
導電性織物はそれ自体、フレキシブルプリント基板に比べて柔軟性が高く、繰り返し屈曲に対して高い耐久性を有する導電性を有している。しかしながら、更に屈曲耐性を向上させるために、本発明の導電性部材においては導電性織物を支持体に固定する際に、導電性織物の経糸または緯糸のいずれか一方に着目した場合、糸と導電性部材に設けられた直線状屈曲部との成す角度が５〜４５°となるように配置される。
導電性部材の直線状屈曲部において、屈曲の際の導電性織物の曲げ半径は０．５ｍｍ以下であることが好ましい。曲げ半径が０．５ｍｍ以下の場合、本発明の導電性部材の屈曲に対する導電性の耐久性がより優位となる。また、本発明の導電性部材がよりコンパクトに折り畳まれることとなり望ましい。
金属被膜が形成された導電性織物の表面には、樹脂によるコーティング被膜が形成されていることが好ましい。コーティング被膜を形成する樹脂としては、例えば、アクリル樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、メラミン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリアミン樹脂、ビニルエステル樹脂、フェノール樹脂、フッ素樹脂、シリコン樹脂等が挙げられ、柔軟性の観点からウレタン樹脂が特に好ましい。
樹脂による被膜を形成する方法としては、コーティング、ラミネート、含浸、デイップラミネート等公知技術を使用することができる。樹脂塗布量の調整の容易さや異物（突起物）混入時の影響を少なくする観点から、ナイフコーティングが最も好ましい。
屈曲試験方法：ＭＩＴ耐屈疲労試験機（株式会社東洋精機製作所）を用いて以下の条件で屈曲試験を行った。屈曲部と導電性織物の緯糸との成す角度は、０°、５°、１０°、３０°、４５°とした。
サイクル：２０，０００回
曲げ半径：０．３８ｍｍ
屈曲速度：１７５ｃｐｍ
屈曲角度：±１３５°
荷重：０ｋｇ
試験片サイズ：１３０ｍｍ×１５ｍｍ
導電性の評価は、ミリオームハイテスタ（日置電機株式会社）のクリップ型プローブにより屈曲部を挟んだ位置で試験片を摘み抵抗値を測定する。屈曲試験後の抵抗値測定に関しては、屈曲部を２０回表裏に曲げながら測定し、最大抵抗値を読み取る。屈曲試験前に対する屈曲試験後の抵抗値増加率を以下の方法で算出して評価した。
（抵抗値増加率％）＝｛（屈曲試験後の抵抗値Ω）／（屈曲試験前の抵抗値Ω）｝×１００
［試験例１］
経糸：ポリエステル加工糸（３３ｄｔｅｘ）
緯糸：ポリエステル加工糸（６９ｄｔｅｘ）
平織り（織り密度：経１８９本／２．５４ｃｍ、緯１２０本／２．５４ｃｍ）
金属被膜の形成は以下の条件で実施した。
上記の布を常温で３０秒間、塩化パラジウム０．３ｇ／Ｌ、塩化第一錫３０ｇ／Ｌ、３６％塩酸３００ｍｌ／Ｌを含む水溶液に浸漬後、十分に水洗した（触媒付与）。その後４０℃で１分間、酸濃度０．１Ｎのホウ弗化水素酸に浸漬後、十分に水洗した（触媒活性化）。続けて４０℃で１５分間、塩化第二銅９ｇ／Ｌ、３７％ホルマリン９ｍｌ／Ｌ、３２％水酸化ナトリウム４０ｍｌ／Ｌ、Ｎ，Ｎ，Ｎ‘，Ｎ’−テトラキス（２−ヒドロキシプロピル）エチレンジアミン２０ｇ／Ｌ及び安定化剤を含む溶液に浸漬し、これにより一様に布上に３０ｇ／ｍ２で銅被膜が形成され、更に布を十分に水洗した（無電解銅メッキ）。更に続けて、上記の銅被膜を陰極として、硫酸ニッケル７０ｇ／Ｌ、クエン酸三ナトリウム３０ｇ／Ｌ及び防腐剤を含む溶液に浸漬し、陽極に可溶性ニッケル板を使用し、電流密度２Ａ／ｄｍ２で、常温で１分間、電気メッキを行った。これにより銅被膜上に５ｇ／ｍ２でニッケル被膜が形成され、更に布を十分に水洗した（電気ニッケルメッキ）。最後に織物を乾燥させ、銀灰色の銅−ニッケルの二層構造の金属被膜が形成された導電性織物を得た。
続けてナイフコーティング法によってコーティング被膜の形成を実施した。コーティングの条件は次のとおり。水性ポリウレタン樹脂（ＤＩＣ株式会社製：ハイドランＷＬＳ−２０２）１００重量部、増粘剤（センカ株式会社製：センカアクトゲルＮＳ１００）３重量部で混合した樹脂液をナイフコーティング法により織物表面に固形分で５ｇ／ｍ２塗工し、１2０℃で１分間乾燥した。織物裏面に関しても表面と同様にコーティング・乾燥を行いコーティング被膜の形成を実施した。
［試験例２］
樹脂によるコーティング被膜の形成を実施しなかったこと以外は試験例１に同じ。
［試験例３］
メッキ金属が無電解銅メッキのみであること以外は試験例２に同じ。
［試験例４］
銅被膜上の電気ニッケルメッキを電気銀メッキに変更したこと以外は試験例１に同じ。電気銀メッキの条件は以下のとおり。銅被膜が形成された織物を、ダインシルバーＡＣＣ（大和化成株式会社製）を含む水溶液に常温で３０秒間浸漬した後に、十分に水洗した（酸洗浄）。銅被膜を陰極として、ダインシルバーＧＰＥ-ＳＴ１５（大和化成株式会社製）に浸漬し、不溶性陽極を使用し、電流密度２Ａ／ｄｍ２で、常温で１．５分間電気メッキした後に、十分に水洗した。これにより一様に銅被膜上に５ｇ／ｍ２で銀被膜が形成された（電気銀メッキ）。続けてダインシルバーＡＣＣ（大和化成株式会社製）を含む水溶液に常温で３０秒間浸漬した後に、十分に水洗した（酸洗浄）。更にニューダインシルバーＳ１（大和化成株式会社製）を含む水溶液に４０℃で１分間浸漬した後に、十分に水洗した（変色防止処理）。最後に乾燥を行い、白色の銅−銀の二層構造を有する金属被膜が形成された導電性織物を得た。
［試験例５］
織物を以下のものに変更した以外は試験例１に同じ。
経糸：ポリエステル生糸（５５ｄｔｅｘ）
緯糸：ポリエステル生糸（３３ｄｔｅｘ）
平織り（織り密度：経１５２本／２．５４ｃｍ、緯１３０本／２．５４ｃｍ）
［試験例６］
織物を以下のものに変更した以外は試験例１に同じ。
経糸：ポリエステル生糸（５５ｄｔｅｘ）
緯糸：ポリエステル加工糸（５５ｄｔｅｘ）
平織り（織り密度：経１５２本／２．５４ｃｍ、緯１２０本／２．５４ｃｍ）
上記各試験例で得られた導電性織物を用いて屈曲試験を実施し、導電性を評価した結果を表１に示す。

Figure 0006670063
１ 導電性部材
２ 導電性織物
３ 支持体
４ 直線状屈曲部
５ 経糸
６ 緯糸
Ａ 緯糸の方向を示す補助線
Ｂ 直線状屈曲部の方向を示す補助線
θ 直線状屈曲部と緯糸（経糸）との成す角度

Claims (3)

  1. 導電性織物と支持体とから構成され、少なくとも一の直線状屈曲部を有しており、前記直線状屈曲部を跨いで導電性を備える導電性部材であって、前記直線状屈曲部と、前記導電性織物の経糸または緯糸のいずれか一方との成す角度が５〜４５°であり、前記導電性織物は、合成繊維から成る織物に湿式メッキ法によって形成された金属被膜が積層されている導電性織物であり、前記導電性織物の表面は、ウレタン樹脂、メラミン樹脂、ポリアミン樹脂、ビニルエステル樹脂、フェノール樹脂、フッ素樹脂からなる群より選択される少なくとも１種の樹脂によるコーティング被膜が形成されていることを特徴とする導電性部材。
  2. 前記コーティング被膜を形成する樹脂はウレタン樹脂であることを特徴とする、請求項１に記載の導電性部材。
  3. 前記直線状屈曲部において折り曲げられた際の、前記導電性織物の曲げ半径が０．５ｍｍ以下となることを特徴とする、請求項１に記載の導電性部材。
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