JP6653888B2 - AlN結晶の作製方法、及びAlN結晶の作製装置 - Google Patents
AlN結晶の作製方法、及びAlN結晶の作製装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6653888B2 JP6653888B2 JP2016523450A JP2016523450A JP6653888B2 JP 6653888 B2 JP6653888 B2 JP 6653888B2 JP 2016523450 A JP2016523450 A JP 2016523450A JP 2016523450 A JP2016523450 A JP 2016523450A JP 6653888 B2 JP6653888 B2 JP 6653888B2
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 39
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 108
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 51
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 306
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 91
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 91
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 48
- 229910018084 Al-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 40
- 229910018192 Al—Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 40
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 37
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 35
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 7
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910008332 Si-Ti Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910006749 Si—Ti Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 229910018140 Al-Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018185 Al—Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018182 Al—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018459 Al—Ge Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018564 Al—Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002549 Fe–Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052789 astatine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YXTPWUNVHCYOSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis($l^{2}-silanylidene)molybdenum Chemical compound [Si]=[Mo]=[Si] YXTPWUNVHCYOSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000027734 detection of oxygen Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021343 molybdenum disilicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012756 surface treatment agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/14—Solid materials, e.g. powdery or granular
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/06—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron
- C01B21/072—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron with aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/06—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron
- C01B21/072—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron with aluminium
- C01B21/0722—Preparation by direct nitridation of aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B25/00—Single-crystal growth by chemical reaction of reactive gases, e.g. chemical vapour-deposition growth
- C30B25/005—Growth of whiskers or needles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/38—Nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/60—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape characterised by shape
- C30B29/62—Whiskers or needles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/04—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/10—Particle morphology extending in one dimension, e.g. needle-like
- C01P2004/16—Nanowires or nanorods, i.e. solid nanofibres with two nearly equal dimensions between 1-100 nanometer
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/32—Thermal properties
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
Description
(ア)Al及び窒素ガスの何れとも化合物を形成しない、又はAl及び窒素ガスの何れかと化合物を形成するが当該化合物の標準生成自由エネルギーがAlNの標準生成自由エネルギーよりも大きい。標準生成自由エネルギーとは、物質(化合物)を単体から生成するときに働くエネルギーである。
(イ)Alとの相互作用エネルギーが負であり、且つ当該相互作用エネルギーの絶対値がAlとGeとの相互作用エネルギーよりも大きい。相互作用エネルギーとは、2つの原子間の引力的な相互作用に働くエネルギーである。
(1)Al−Fe合金を作製する手順(図9参照)
(2)AlNウィスカーを作製する手順(図10参照)
について順次説明する。
手順1:所望のモル比率の合金を作製するためにそれぞれの元素(Al、Fe)の重量を計測し、坩堝に投入する。坩堝は、酸化アルミニウムを主成分とする坩堝、又は酸化アルミニウムと酸化マグネシウムとを主成分とする坩堝である。尚、カーボンを主成分とする坩堝を用いても良い。本実施形態では、例えばAl(30at%)−Fe(70at%)の組成の合金を作製する場合であれば、30モル量のAl(純度は95%以上、好ましくは99%以上)の粒子又は板の重量と、70モル量のFe(純度は95%以上、好ましくは99%以上)の粒子又は板の重量とを計測し、坩堝に投入する。図11に、Al−Feの組成図を示す。
手順1:上記した(1)Al−Fe合金を作製する手順により作製したAl−Fe合金を高周波加熱炉2内にてアルミナ板上にセットし、高周波加熱炉2の内部を真空引きする。このときも、真空度は、1mmHg以下、好ましくは1×10−1mmHg以下とする。
手順4:高周波加熱炉2の温度が約1700℃(図12では成長温度)に到達した後に、高周波加熱炉2の内部に導入するガスをアルゴンガスから窒素ガスに切換える。即ち、窒素ガスを例えば1L/minの流量で高周波加熱炉2の内部に導入し(窒素ガス雰囲気を形成し)、約1700℃の温度で所定時間(図12では成長時間)保持する。窒素ガスを流す方向はAl−Fe合金の表面に対して平行方向とする。ここでいう平行とは、窒素ガスがAl−Fe合金の表面に沿って一端側(図1では右側)から他端側(図1では左側)に向かって流れることを意味する。尚、本実施形態では、窒素ガスを流す場合を例示しているが、窒素ガスを高周波加熱炉2の内部に封じ込めても良い。このときも、窒素ガス中の酸素や水蒸気を除去することが好ましい。このとき、Al−Fe合金の表面でAl元素(又はAl蒸気)と窒素ガスとが反応してAlNの核が作製される。続いてAlNの核の先端上でAl元素(又はAl蒸気)と窒素ガスとが反応し、AlNがウィスカー状に成長し、AlNウィスカーが作製される。又、窒素ガスの圧力は、数mmHg〜大気圧以上でも良い。窒素ガスの圧力が高ければ、AlNウィスカーの成長速度は速くなり、窒素ガスの圧力が低ければ、AlNウィスカーの成長速度は遅くなる。又、Alの蒸気圧との兼ね合いで窒素ガスの圧力を決定しても良い。約1700℃の温度で保持する時間は、作製しようとするAlNウィスカーの直径や長さに応じて決定する。例えば直径が約0.1〜1μmで、長さが約1mm以上のAlNウィスカーを作製する場合であれば、20時間以上となる。約1700℃の温度で所定時間保持した後に、高周波コイル4に流す電流を徐々に低下させ、室温まで冷却する。
(1980)27-37
山田モデルは、AlNウィスカーが無作為方向に存在している状態で熱伝導率を計算したものであり、AlNの直径と長さとのアスペクト比で整理することができる。同じ添加量で見ると、アスペクト比が大きいほど熱伝導率が高いことが判る。AlNウィスカーの熱伝導率(250〜270W/mk)はAlNが単結晶である仮定に基づいて計算している。アスペクト比が約100(直径:約1μm、長さ:約100μm)の材料を約40vol%をポリエチレン樹脂(熱伝導率:0.33〜0.42W/mk)に混入して加圧し、約250〜300℃で成形を行った結果、熱伝導率が約3〜10W/mkのバラツキのある樹脂混合物を得ることが確認された。この場合、AlNウィスカーと樹脂との混合の程度が悪いと(混合にバラツキがあると)、樹脂が多い部分の熱伝導率は樹脂自体の熱伝導率の値に近くなり、AlNウィスカーが多い部分の熱伝導率はAlNウィスカー自体の熱伝導率の値に近くなる。一方、AlNウィスカーと樹脂との混合の程度が良いと(混合にバラツキがないと)、熱伝導率は8〜9W/mkとなる(収束される)。AlNウィスカーと樹脂とを均一に混合することができると、バラツキが少なくなり、平均値もやや高くなる。この結果を図78に示した山田モデルと比較すると、山田モデルの計算結果からはやや低い値であったが、大きく離れた値ではないと判断することができる。よって、AlNウィスカーのアスペクト比、添加量、直径、長さを変化させる(調整する)ことにより、所望の熱伝導率の樹脂混合物を得ることができる。尚、熱伝導率が高い樹脂(例えば主鎖型液晶性ポリエステル樹脂の配向材料等、熱伝導率:約1W/mk)を用い、その熱伝導率が高い樹脂とAlNウィスカーとを混合することで、より高い熱伝導率の樹脂混合物を得ることができる。
手順1:図78に示した山田モデルを参照し、所望のアスペクト比を決定し、AlNウィスカー及び粉末状の樹脂材料のそれぞれの重量を計測する。尚、このとき、AlNウィスカーは表面処理されていることが好ましい。
以下、AlNウィスカーが混入されている樹脂混合物の具体的な用途を幾つか例示する。
AlNウィスカーを作製する方法に限らず、AlNの薄膜やバルクを作製する方法に適用することも可能である。
Claims (5)
- 所定の反応温度においてAl及びNの何れとも化合物を形成しない条件又はAl及びNの何れかと化合物を形成するが当該化合物の標準生成自由エネルギーがAlNの標準生成自由エネルギーよりも大きい条件を満たすSiを除く元素を少なくとも1つ用い、少なくともAlと当該元素とを含む組成物を溶融させてAl蒸気と窒素ガスとを前記所定の反応温度で反応させて、少なくともAlと当該元素とを含む合金からAlN結晶からなるウィスカーを作製することを特徴とするAlN結晶の作製方法。
- 請求項1に記載したAlN結晶の作製方法において、
前記元素として、Li、Mg、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Ga、Ge、Sr、Snの何れかを用いることを特徴とするAlN結晶の作製方法。 - 請求項1又は2に記載したAlN結晶の作製方法において、
前記元素として、Alとの相互作用エネルギーが負となる条件を満たし且つ当該相互作用エネルギーの絶対値がAlとGeとの相互作用エネルギーよりも大きい条件を満たす元素を用いることを特徴とするAlN結晶の作製方法。 - 請求項3に記載したAlN結晶の作製方法において、
前記元素として、Li、Cr、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Srの何れかを用いることを特徴とするAlN結晶の作製方法。 - 炉心管と、
加熱用の手段と、を備え、
所定の反応温度においてAl及びNの何れとも化合物を形成しない条件又はAl及びNの何れかと化合物を形成するが当該化合物の標準生成自由エネルギーがAlNの標準生成自由エネルギーよりも大きい条件を満たすSiを除く元素を少なくとも1つ用い、少なくともAlと当該元素とを含む組成物を前記炉心管の内部において前記加熱用の手段による加熱により溶融させてAl蒸気と窒素ガスとを前記所定の反応温度で反応させて、少なくともAlと当該元素とを含む合金からAlN結晶からなるウィスカーを作製するためのAlN結晶の作製装置。
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