JP6628015B2 - トンネル磁気抵抗効果素子、磁気メモリ、及び内蔵型メモリ - Google Patents
トンネル磁気抵抗効果素子、磁気メモリ、及び内蔵型メモリ Download PDFInfo
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- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 137
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 171
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- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 33
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000007737 ion beam deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910020598 Co Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002519 Co-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000521 B alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003321 CoFe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910005191 Ga 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004166 TaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001291 heusler alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
図1は、本実施形態に係る垂直磁化型のトンネル磁気抵抗効果素子(TMR素子)を備える磁気メモリ(Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory, MRAM)の平面断面図であり、図2は、本実施形態に係るMRAMの縦断面の模式図である。図1は、図2のMRAM100のI−I線に沿った断面に対応している。なお、図1及びそれ以降の図には、必要に応じて三次元直交座標系Rを示している。三次元直交座標系Rを用いる場合には、各層の厚み方向をZ軸方向とし、Z軸に垂直な2つの直交軸をX軸及びY軸とする。
図17は、第2実施形態に係るTMR素子近傍の断面を拡大して示す図である。図17は、第1実施形態の図5に対応する領域Vaを示す。第2実施形態のTMR素子1aは、領域Vaの構成を除き、第1実施形態のTMR素子1と同様の構成を有する。
図20は、第3実施形態に係るMRAMの縦断面の模式図である。第3実施形態に係るMRAM100bは、プロセッサー90をさらに備える点において、第1実施形態の基本態様のMRAM100と異なる。MRAM100bにおいて、プロセッサー90の回路作成の工程に組み込まれる形で、MRAM部分も作成されているため、プロセッサー90とMRAM100bのMRAM部分とは統合されている。そのため、MRAM100bは、内蔵型メモリとなる。これにより、プロセッサー90とMRAM部分とのデータのやり取りが高速化される。また、プロセッサー90の上部にMRAM部分が設置されるため、デバイス全体の集積度を高くすることができる。
Claims (11)
- 磁気トンネル接合素子部と、前記磁気トンネル接合素子部の側面に設けられ、絶縁材料を含む側壁部と、
を備え、
前記磁気トンネル接合素子部は、参照層と、磁化自由層と、前記参照層と前記磁化自由層との間に積層方向に積層されたトンネルバリア層と、前記磁化自由層の前記トンネルバリア層側とは反対側に積層されたキャップ層とを有し、
前記側壁部は、前記絶縁材料を含み、前記磁気トンネル接合素子部の前記参照層、前記トンネルバリア層、前記磁化自由層、及び前記キャップ層の少なくとも一つの側面を覆う第1領域を有し、
前記第1領域は、前記磁気トンネル接合素子部の前記参照層、前記トンネルバリア層、前記磁化自由層、及び前記キャップ層の前記少なくとも一つを構成する元素(酸素を除く)の少なくとも一つを含有元素として含み、
前記側壁部は、前記絶縁材料を含み、前記第1領域の外縁を覆う第2領域を有し、
前記第1領域は、前記磁気トンネル接合素子部と前記第2領域との間に位置し、
前記第1領域の外縁から前記参照層の側面までの距離が3nm以上である、トンネル磁気抵抗効果素子。 - 前記第1領域は、B、Al及びSiの少なくとも一つを前記含有元素として含む窒化物を有し、前記第2領域は、B、Al及びSiの少なくとも一つを含有元素として含む窒化物を有する請求項1に記載のトンネル磁気抵抗効果素子。
- 磁気トンネル接合素子部と、前記磁気トンネル接合素子部の側面に設けられ、絶縁材料を含む側壁部と、
を備え、
前記磁気トンネル接合素子部は、参照層と、磁化自由層と、前記参照層と前記磁化自由層との間に積層方向に積層されたトンネルバリア層と、前記磁化自由層の前記トンネルバリア層側とは反対側に積層されたキャップ層とを有し、
前記側壁部は、前記絶縁材料を含み、前記磁気トンネル接合素子部の前記参照層、前記トンネルバリア層、前記磁化自由層、及び前記キャップ層の少なくとも一つの側面を覆う第1領域を有し、
前記第1領域は、前記磁気トンネル接合素子部の前記参照層、前記トンネルバリア層、前記磁化自由層、及び前記キャップ層の前記少なくとも一つを構成する元素(酸素を除く)の少なくとも一つを含有元素として含み、
前記第1領域の外縁から前記トンネルバリア層の側面までの距離が、前記第1領域の外縁から前記キャップ層の側面までの距離より大きい、トンネル磁気抵抗効果素子。 - 前記側壁部は、前記絶縁材料を含み、前記第1領域の外縁を覆う第2領域を有し、
前記第1領域は、前記磁気トンネル接合素子部と前記第2領域との間に位置する、請求項3に記載のトンネル磁気抵抗効果素子。 - 前記第1領域は、B、Al及びSiの少なくとも一つを前記含有元素として含む窒化物を有し、前記第2領域は、B、Al及びSiの少なくとも一つを含有元素として含む窒化物を有する請求項4に記載のトンネル磁気抵抗効果素子。
- 前記第1領域の外縁から前記参照層の側面までの距離が3nm以上である、請求項4又は5に記載のトンネル磁気抵抗効果素子。
- 前記第1領域は、Co、Fe及びTaの少なくとも一つを前記含有元素として含む窒化物を有する、請求項1、3及び4のいずれか一項、又は請求項4に従属する場合の請求項6に記載のトンネル磁気抵抗効果素子。
- 前記参照層の磁化方向は、前記積層方向に沿った方向に実質的に固定されており、
前記キャップ層は、垂直磁化誘起層を含み、
前記垂直磁化誘起層は、前記磁化自由層に前記積層方向に沿った方向の磁気異方性を付与する、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載のトンネル磁気抵抗効果素子。 - 前記トンネルバリア層は、一般式:AB2O4(式中、AはMg及びZnからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の元素であり、Bは、Al、Ga及びInからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の元素である)で表されるスピネル構造を有する酸化物材料からなる、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載のトンネル磁気抵抗効果素子。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載のトンネル磁気抵抗効果素子を記憶素子として備える磁気メモリ。
- 請求項10に記載の磁気メモリを備える内蔵型メモリ。
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WO2019077662A1 (ja) * | 2017-10-16 | 2019-04-25 | Tdk株式会社 | トンネル磁気抵抗効果素子、磁気メモリ、及び内蔵型メモリ |
US11476415B2 (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2022-10-18 | International Business Machines Corporation | Patterning magnetic tunnel junctions and the like while reducing detrimental resputtering of underlying features |
US10937945B2 (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2021-03-02 | International Business Machines Corporation | Structured pedestal for MTJ containing devices |
CN112310273B (zh) * | 2019-07-29 | 2023-04-07 | 中电海康集团有限公司 | 磁性隧道结及其制备方法 |
US11031058B2 (en) | 2019-09-03 | 2021-06-08 | Western Digital Technologies, Inc. | Spin-transfer torque magnetoresistive memory device with a free layer stack including multiple spacers and methods of making the same |
US11972785B2 (en) | 2021-11-15 | 2024-04-30 | International Business Machines Corporation | MRAM structure with enhanced magnetics using seed engineering |
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JP3558996B2 (ja) * | 2001-03-30 | 2004-08-25 | 株式会社東芝 | 磁気抵抗効果素子、磁気ヘッド、磁気再生装置及び磁気記憶装置 |
JP2003283000A (ja) * | 2002-03-27 | 2003-10-03 | Toshiba Corp | 磁気抵抗効果素子およびこれを有する磁気メモリ |
US20070054450A1 (en) * | 2005-09-07 | 2007-03-08 | Magic Technologies, Inc. | Structure and fabrication of an MRAM cell |
US8542524B2 (en) | 2007-02-12 | 2013-09-24 | Avalanche Technology, Inc. | Magnetic random access memory (MRAM) manufacturing process for a small magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) design with a low programming current requirement |
JP5586028B2 (ja) | 2009-04-16 | 2014-09-10 | 独立行政法人物質・材料研究機構 | 強磁性トンネル接合体とそれを用いた磁気抵抗効果素子並びにスピントロニクスデバイス |
US9006704B2 (en) | 2011-02-11 | 2015-04-14 | Headway Technologies, Inc. | Magnetic element with improved out-of-plane anisotropy for spintronic applications |
JP5988019B2 (ja) | 2012-02-27 | 2016-09-07 | 国立研究開発法人物質・材料研究機構 | 強磁性トンネル接合体とそれを用いた磁気抵抗効果素子及びスピントロニクスデバイス |
US8860156B2 (en) | 2012-09-11 | 2014-10-14 | Headway Technologies, Inc. | Minimal thickness synthetic antiferromagnetic (SAF) structure with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy for STT-MRAM |
US8921961B2 (en) | 2012-09-14 | 2014-12-30 | Headway Technologies, Inc. | Storage element for STT MRAM applications |
US9490054B2 (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2016-11-08 | Headway Technologies, Inc. | Seed layer for multilayer magnetic materials |
KR101862632B1 (ko) * | 2013-09-25 | 2018-05-31 | 캐논 아네르바 가부시키가이샤 | 자기 저항 효과 소자의 제조 방법 및 제조 시스템 |
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US20160072047A1 (en) * | 2014-09-08 | 2016-03-10 | Satoshi Seto | Semiconductor memory device and manufacturing method thereof |
US10475564B2 (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2019-11-12 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. | Perpendicularly magnetized ferromagnetic layers having an oxide interface allowing for improved control of oxidation |
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