JP6625729B2 - 繊維強化樹脂中空体およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
繊維強化樹脂中空体およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
該中空体の軸方向に対して平行に配向する強化繊維と該強化繊維に含浸された硬化性樹脂とを含む軸方向繊維層と、
該軸方向繊維層の内側または外側の少なくとも一方の側に積層され、該軸方向繊維層とは配向方向が異なる強化繊維と該強化繊維に含浸された硬化性樹脂とを含む非軸方向繊維層と、
前記中空体の最内表面に配置され、該軸方向繊維層とは配向方向が異なる強化繊維と該強化繊維に含浸された硬化性樹脂とを含む非軸方向繊維層と、を有し、
前記中空体の軸方向に垂直な断面形状は、矩形形状であり、
前記軸方向繊維層の内側または外側の少なくとも一方の側に積層された前記非軸方向繊維層が該中空体の周方向において端部同士で重なり合っており、
前記軸方向繊維層の内側または外側の少なくとも一方の側に積層された前記非軸方向繊維層における重なり部は、前記矩形形状の角部近傍に配置されており、
前記角部近傍は、前記中空体の軸方向に垂直な断面において角部の頂部と前記重なり部との距離が5mm以内をいうものであり、
前記中空体の最内表面に配置された前記非軸方向繊維層は、該中空体の周方向において分割されることなく、当該非軸方向繊維層自体の端部同士で互いに重なり合っており、
前記中空体の最内表面に配置された前記非軸方向繊維層における重なり部は、前記矩形形状の隣り合う前記角部の頂部間の辺部における前記角部近傍を除く部分に配置されている、繊維強化樹脂中空体に関する。
本開示技術の繊維強化樹脂中空体を図面を用いて詳しく説明する。図面に示す各種の要素は、本開示技術の理解のために模式的に示したにすぎず、寸法比や外観などは実物と異なり得ることに留意されたい。尚、本明細書で直接的または間接的に用いる「上下方向」は、図中における上下方向に対応した方向に相当する。また特記しない限り、これらの図において、共通する符号は同じ部材、部位、寸法または領域を示すものとする。
本開示技術の中空体において強化繊維を含む繊維層は、少なくとも軸方向繊維層を含み、当該軸方向繊維層の内側または外側の少なくとも一方の側に積層された非軸方向繊維層をさらに含む。例えば、図1に示す本開示技術の中空体10は、軸方向繊維層1および該軸方向繊維層1の内側および外側の両側に非軸方向繊維層2,3を有しているが、軸方向繊維層1の内側または外側の少なくとも一方の側に非軸方向繊維層を有していればよい。中空体10は、中空体強度の観点からは、好ましくは軸方向繊維層1の少なくとも内側、より好ましくは内側および外側の両側に非軸方向繊維層を有している。本明細書中、軸方向繊維層1の内側に積層された非軸方向繊維層は「内側非軸方向繊維層」と呼ぶことがあり、図1中、符号「2」で示す。軸方向繊維層1の外側に積層された非軸方向繊維層は「外側非軸方向繊維層」と呼ぶことがあり、図1中、符号「3」で示す。
以下、本開示技術に係る他の実施態様について詳述する。なお、これらの実施態様の説明において、図1の実施態様と同じ部分については同じ符号を付して詳細な説明を省略する。
図3に示す中空体10bは、矩形形状の垂直断面を有し、軸方向繊維層1、当該軸方向繊維層1の内側に積層された第1内側非軸方向繊維層21b、第2内側非軸方向繊維層22b、第3内側非軸方向繊維層23bおよび第4内側非軸方向繊維層24bを有している。図3において、軸方向繊維層1は前記した軸方向繊維層1と同様である。第1内側非軸方向繊維層21b、第2内側非軸方向繊維層22b、第3内側非軸方向繊維層23bおよび第4内側非軸方向繊維層24bはそれぞれ独立して、前記した非軸方向繊維層2,3と同様の範囲内から選択されればよい。
図4に示す中空体10cは、矩形形状の垂直断面を有し、軸方向繊維層1、当該軸方向繊維層1の外側に積層された第1外側非軸方向繊維層31c、第2外側非軸方向繊維層32c、第3外側非軸方向繊維層33cおよび第4外側非軸方向繊維層34cを有している。図4において、軸方向繊維層1は前記した軸方向繊維層1と同様である。第1外側非軸方向繊維層31c、第2外側非軸方向繊維層32c、第3外側非軸方向繊維層33cおよび第4外側非軸方向繊維層34cはそれぞれ独立して、前記した非軸方向繊維層2,3と同様の範囲内から選択されればよい。
(その他の材料)
本開示技術の中空体は上記した繊維層とともに、当該繊維層に含浸された硬化性樹脂を含む。硬化性樹脂としては、従来から繊維強化樹脂中空体に使用される、あらゆる硬化性樹脂が使用可能である。硬化性樹脂の具体例として、例えば、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ビニルエステル樹脂、フェノール樹脂等の熱硬化性樹脂が挙げられる。
(寸法)
本開示技術の中空体はいかなる厚みを有していてよく、用途に応じて適宜、決定されればよい。本開示技術の中空体は、例えば、1〜20mm、特に1〜10mm、好ましくは1〜3mmの厚みを有する。中空体の厚みとは、中空体の肉厚のことである。
本開示技術の繊維強化樹脂中空体は引抜成形法により製造することができる。引抜成形法においては、詳しくは図5に示すように、まず軸方向繊維層1を構成する強化繊維51に硬化性樹脂50を含浸させる。次いで、硬化性樹脂が含浸した強化繊維51に、内側非軸方向繊維層2を構成する繊維シート(繊維層)52を合流させ、さらに外側非軸方向繊維層3を構成する繊維シート53を合流させる。繊維シート52の数は内側非軸方向繊維層2を構成する繊維層の種類および分割数に応じて適宜、調整されればよい。繊維シート53の数は外側非軸方向繊維層3を構成する繊維層の種類および分割数に応じて適宜、調整されればよい。その後、これらの繊維および繊維シートを、垂直断面において所定の層構成となるように配置させながら、ガイド54により誘導し、強化繊維51に含浸されている硬化性樹脂をさらに繊維シート52および繊維シート53にも含浸させ、金型55の一端側から引き込む。このとき、繊維シート52および53は、周方向において端部同士で重なり合うように、ガイド54により調整される。金型55内では加熱により硬化性樹脂を十分に硬化させ、繊維強化樹脂中空体10を得る。得られた繊維強化樹脂中空体10は、金型55から連続的に引取装置56(例えば、ダブルグリッパー方式)により引き取り、切断機57によって所定長さに切断する等、後加工する。
実施例及び比較例に係る繊維強化樹脂中空体の試験片に対し、以下の方法に従って、3点曲げ試験を行い、各試験片の破壊荷重及び曲げ弾性率を算出した。
上述の繊維強化樹脂中空体の製造方法に基づいて、実施例及び比較例の中空体の試験片を作製した。図8に、試験片の形状及び寸法を示す。なお、図8中の数値はmm単位である。
2:非軸方向繊維層
3:非軸方向繊維層
4a:4b:重なり部
10:10a:10b:10c:繊維強化樹脂中空体
21a:21b:第1内側非軸方向繊維層
22a:22b:第2内側非軸方向繊維層
23b:第3内側非軸方向繊維層
24b:第4内側非軸方向繊維層
31a:31c:第1外側非軸方向繊維層
32a:32c:第2外側非軸方向繊維層
33c:第3外側非軸方向繊維層
34c:第4外側非軸方向繊維層
Claims (15)
- 繊維強化樹脂中空体であって、
該中空体の軸方向に対して平行に配向する強化繊維と該強化繊維に含浸された硬化性樹脂とを含む軸方向繊維層と、
該軸方向繊維層の内側または外側の少なくとも一方の側に積層され、該軸方向繊維層とは配向方向が異なる強化繊維と該強化繊維に含浸された硬化性樹脂とを含む非軸方向繊維層と、
前記中空体の最内表面に配置され、該軸方向繊維層とは配向方向が異なる強化繊維と該強化繊維に含浸された硬化性樹脂とを含む非軸方向繊維層と、を有し、
前記中空体の軸方向に垂直な断面形状は、矩形形状であり、
前記軸方向繊維層の内側または外側の少なくとも一方の側に積層された前記非軸方向繊維層が該中空体の周方向において端部同士で重なり合っており、
前記軸方向繊維層の内側または外側の少なくとも一方の側に積層された前記非軸方向繊維層における重なり部は、前記矩形形状の角部近傍に配置されており、
前記角部近傍は、前記中空体の軸方向に垂直な断面において角部の頂部と前記重なり部との距離が5mm以内をいうものであり、
前記中空体の最内表面に配置された前記非軸方向繊維層は、該中空体の周方向において分割されることなく、当該非軸方向繊維層自体の端部同士で互いに重なり合っており、
前記中空体の最内表面に配置された前記非軸方向繊維層における重なり部は、前記矩形形状の隣り合う前記角部の頂部間の辺部における前記角部近傍を除く部分に配置されている、繊維強化樹脂中空体。 - 前記非軸方向繊維層が、前記繊維強化樹脂中空体の周方向に対して平行に配向する強化繊維を含む周方向繊維層、特定の方向に配向しない強化繊維を含む無配向繊維層、織組織を構成する強化繊維を含む織物繊維層、組み物組織を構成する強化繊維を含む組み物繊維層、および編物組織を構成する強化繊維を含む編物繊維層からなる群から選択される1種以上の繊維層を含む、請求項1に記載の繊維強化樹脂中空体。
- 前記軸方向繊維層の内側または外側の少なくとも一方の側に積層された前記非軸方向繊維層が前記軸方向繊維層の内側および外側の両側に積層されている、請求項1または2に記載の繊維強化樹脂中空体。
- 前記軸方向繊維層の内側または外側の少なくとも一方の側に積層された前記非軸方向繊維層が周方向において2以上の層に分割されており、該2以上の層のうち隣接する層が周方向において端部同士で重なり合っている、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の繊維強化樹脂中空体。
- 前記軸方向繊維層の全強化繊維と前記非軸方向繊維層の全強化繊維との質量比率が100:20〜100:200である、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の繊維強化樹脂中空体。
- 前記非軸方向繊維層が1以上の周方向繊維層および1以上の無配向繊維層を含む、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の繊維強化樹脂中空体。
- 前記無配向繊維層が前記繊維強化樹脂中空体の少なくとも最表面に配置されている、請求項6に記載の繊維強化樹脂中空体。
- 前記最表面の無配向繊維層が前記周方向繊維層と隣接して配置されている、請求項7に記載の繊維強化樹脂中空体。
- 前記軸方向繊維層の全強化繊維と前記周方向繊維層の全強化繊維との質量比率が100:1〜100:100であり、
前記軸方向繊維層の全強化繊維と前記無配向繊維層の全強化繊維との質量比率が100:10〜100:100である、請求項6〜8のいずれかに記載の繊維強化樹脂中空体。 - 前記繊維強化樹脂中空体が1〜20mmの厚みを有する、請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の繊維強化樹脂中空体。
- 前記繊維強化樹脂中空体が125〜300mmの外周長を有する、請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の繊維強化樹脂中空体。
- 前記繊維強化樹脂中空体が自動車のインストルメントパネルを直接的または間接的に支持および固定するための部材である、請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の繊維強化樹脂中空体。
- 前記部材がクロスカービームである、請求項12に記載の繊維強化樹脂中空体。
- 曲げ試験により得られた破壊荷重の値は8000N以上30000N以下である、請求項1〜13のいずれかに記載の繊維強化樹脂中空体。
- 請求項1〜14のいずれかに記載の繊維強化樹脂中空体を引抜成形法により製造することを特徴とする、繊維強化樹脂中空体の製造方法。
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