JP6609614B2 - 臭素含有重合体の調製およびその難燃剤としての応用 - Google Patents
臭素含有重合体の調製およびその難燃剤としての応用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6609614B2 JP6609614B2 JP2017500348A JP2017500348A JP6609614B2 JP 6609614 B2 JP6609614 B2 JP 6609614B2 JP 2017500348 A JP2017500348 A JP 2017500348A JP 2017500348 A JP2017500348 A JP 2017500348A JP 6609614 B2 JP6609614 B2 JP 6609614B2
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- polymer
- pentabromobenzyl
- bromine
- formula
- polystyrene
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 94
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 47
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 46
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 46
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- -1 pentabromobenzyl halide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005893 bromination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920005606 polypropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003547 Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005727 Friedel-Crafts reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- GVNVAWHJIKLAGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(cyclohexen-1-yl)cyclohexan-1-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1C1=CCCCC1 GVNVAWHJIKLAGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 101150065749 Churc1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 102100038239 Protein Churchill Human genes 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000286 phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- PYOIYKRKAHYOKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,5-pentabromo-6-(bromomethyl)benzene Chemical group BrCC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br PYOIYKRKAHYOKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002152 alkylating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 9
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229910000042 hydrogen bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- FJBFPHVGVWTDIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibromomethane Chemical compound BrCBr FJBFPHVGVWTDIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001743 benzylic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000031709 bromination Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 4
- GRKDVZMVHOLESV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4,5,6-pentabromophenyl)methyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound BrC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(COC(=O)C=C)C(Br)=C1Br GRKDVZMVHOLESV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Natural products C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- PFUVRDFDKPNGAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium peroxide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][O-] PFUVRDFDKPNGAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001757 thermogravimetry curve Methods 0.000 description 3
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 2
- JPOXNPPZZKNXOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromochloromethane Chemical compound ClCBr JPOXNPPZZKNXOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000021962 pH elevation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005629 polypropylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012763 reinforcing filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 2
- BZQKBFHEWDPQHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,5-pentabromo-6-[2-(2,3,4,5,6-pentabromophenyl)ethyl]benzene Chemical compound BrC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1CCC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br BZQKBFHEWDPQHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZHJEQVYCBTHJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,5-pentabromo-6-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br OZHJEQVYCBTHJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVRITCFNLVDELV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,5-tetrabromo-6-[(2,3,4,5,6-pentabromophenyl)methoxycarbonyl]benzoic acid Chemical compound C(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1Br)Br)Br)Br)Br)OC(=O)C2=C(C(=C(C(=C2Br)Br)Br)Br)C(=O)O WVRITCFNLVDELV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWCCBKDORLVWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(2,3,4,5,6-pentabromophenyl)methoxycarbonyl]benzoic acid Chemical compound BrC1=C(C(=C(C(=C1COC(C1=CC=C(C(=O)O)C=C1)=O)Br)Br)Br)Br NWCCBKDORLVWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUSNOPLQVRUIIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-2-(4,4-dimethyl-2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)-n-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C1NC(C)(C)CN1C(N=C1N)=NC=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 FUSNOPLQVRUIIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710134784 Agnoprotein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910021591 Copper(I) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000612182 Rexea solandri Species 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000012963 UV stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003113 alkalizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002168 alkylating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940100198 alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007080 aromatic substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000704 bioconcentration Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOYLJNJLGBYDTH-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlorogallium Chemical compound [Ga]Cl XOYLJNJLGBYDTH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000436 dibromine trioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012493 hydrazine sulfate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000377 hydrazine sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940079827 sodium hydrogen sulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
- C09K21/14—Macromolecular materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/18—Introducing halogen atoms or halogen-containing groups
- C08F8/20—Halogenation
- C08F8/22—Halogenation by reaction with free halogens
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/18—Introducing halogen atoms or halogen-containing groups
- C08F8/24—Haloalkylation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
- C08G65/48—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08G65/485—Polyphenylene oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K3/2279—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of antimony
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/005—Stabilisers against oxidation, heat, light, ozone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
- C08K5/098—Metal salts of carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/14—Glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
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Description
k=0、A=無し、およびm=0であるポリスチレン;
k=0、Aは−CH2CH2−であるポリ(スチレン−コ−エチレン);k=0、Aは−CH2CH=CHCH2−であるポリ(スチレン−コ−ブタジエン);k=0、Aは−CH2−CH=C(CH3)CH2であるポリ(スチレン−コ−イソプレン)のようなスチレン共重合体(CAS250038−32−8)。
(i)繰り返し単位の中に1以上の6員芳香環を有する重合体反応物とペンタブロモベンジルハロゲン化物のフリーデル−クラフツアルキル化反応の工程であり、上記反応は少なくとも1つのフリーデル−クラフツ触媒の存在下で溶媒中で生じ、ペンタブロモベンジル置換重合体の得られる工程、および
(ii)そのように形成されたペンタブロモベンジル置換重合体を臭素化反応にさらす工程
を含む。
方法
Mettler-toledo instrument model 850を用いてTGA分析を行った。〜10mgの試料を、酸化アルミニウムるつぼ中で、窒素雰囲気で、昇温速度10℃/minで、35℃からおよそ700℃に加熱した。
AlCl3およびSnCl4を用いた、ポリスチレンのPBBBrとの反応
DBM(1.8L)、およびMW170000〜350000のポリスチレン(104.15g)を、メカニカルスターラー、温度計、コンデンサー、HBrトラップ、およびN2インレットを備える、2L反応器に入れた。該混合物を66℃まで加熱し、透明な溶液にした。PBBBr(565.5g)を、該溶液中に溶解した。AlCl3(3.1g)およびSnCl4(4.8g)を加え、該混合物を84℃まで加熱すると、活発なHBrの生成が始まった。該混合物を、PBBBrが消滅するまで(GCまたはHPLCにより)、80℃で6時間加熱した。反応混合物は、水(1.5L)、pH=7となるよう飽和NaHCO3溶液(1.5L)、そして再び水(1.5L)と3回、それぞれの洗浄に30分間をかけて、洗浄した。その後、反応混合物を滴下してアセトン(6L)に加え、沈殿を生じさせた。該反応混合物を20℃まで冷却し、固形物を濾過して減圧下で12時間、105℃のオーブンで乾燥させて、PBBBrに基づいて86%の収率に相当する、509gを得た。元素分析によれば、臭素含有量はおよそ68%であり、これはおよそ芳香環1つあたりPBBBr1分子に相当する。この生成物のTGAプロファイルを下表に示す。
AlCl3を用いたポリスチレンのPBBBrとの反応
PBBBr(27.1g)、ポリスチレン(10.0g)、AlCl3(0.2g)、および溶媒としてジクロロエタン(100mL)を用いた他は、実施例1の手順を繰り返した。生成物の重量は、PBBBrに基づいて〜72%の収率に相当する、24.0gであった。臭素の含有量は、およそ60.0%であった。
ポリフェニルエチルのPBBBrとの反応
ポリフェニルエチル[Santovac7、Santolubes LLCで入手可能、MW〜450(30g)]、PBBBr(366.4g)、およびDBM(700mL)を、メカニカルスターラー、温度計、コンデンサー、HBrトラップ、およびN2インレットを備える、1L反応器に入れた。該混合物を70℃まで加熱し、ある割合でAlCl3(3.5g)を加えた。該混合物を、PBBBrが消滅するまで90℃で攪拌した(5〜6h)。反応混合物を、水(250mL)およびSBS(2.5mL、〜28%)、水(250mL)、5%Na2CO3(250mL)、および水(250mL)で、それぞれの洗浄に20分間をかけて、50℃で洗浄した。溶媒(〜150mL)を減圧下で蒸発させた。その残留物を、40〜50℃に加熱し、1時間以上活発に攪拌させながら50℃のIPA(450mL)に滴下して加えた。該混合物を50℃で1時間攪拌し、18℃まで冷却した。固形物を濾過し、フィルターの上で、IPA(150mL)で洗浄した。固形物を、105℃で、および減圧下で150℃で、それぞれ3および7時間、オーブンで乾燥させ、白色粉生成物(PBBBrに基づいて〜92%の収率に相当する、318g)を得た。臭素の含有量は、およそ75.0%であった。この生成物のTGAプロファイルを下表に示す。
実施例1の生成物の臭素化
DBM/DCM(1495g/96g)および実施例1の生成物(191.3g)を、メカニカルスターラー、滴下漏斗、温度計、コンデンサー、HBrトラップ、およびN2インレットを備える、2L反応器に入れた。該混合物を60℃まで加熱し、透明な溶液にした。Br2(38.2g)を、0.5時間以上滴下して該溶液に加えた。AlCl3(1.0g)およびSnCl4(2.0g)を加え、該混合物を65℃まで加熱し、追加的なBr2(76.4g)を滴下して加えると、活発なHBrの生成が始まった。該混合物を、HBrの生成が観察されるまで(滴定によって)、65℃で6時間加熱した。反応混合物は、水(1.0L)、飽和NaHCO3溶液(1.0L)、そして再び水(1.0L)で、それぞれの洗浄に30分間をかけて、pH=7となるよう洗浄した。
燃焼性試験は、厚さ0.8mmまたは1.6mmの試料における垂直燃焼を、アメリカ保険業者安全規格(Underwriters-Laboratories standard)UL94によって行った。
衝撃強さは、振り子衝撃試験機5102(Zwick製)を用いて、ASTM D−256−81によるアイゾット切欠き試験を用いてを測定した。
HDT(熱変形温度;これは、重合体試料が特定の負荷で変形する温度である)を、負荷1820kPaおよび昇温速度120℃/hで、ASTM D−648−72により測定した。装置としてHDT/Vicat―plus(Davenport, Lloyd instruments)を用いた。
V−0規格のポリアミド6,6配合物
この実施例では、実施例1のペンタブロモベンジル置換ポリスチレンを試験して、ポリアミド6,6の燃焼性を低減する能力について評価した。比較例では、対応する配合物を同様に調製したが、難燃剤を別の臭素含有重合体(FR−803P;ポリスチレン臭化物であり、IC−IPから商業的に入手可能)とした。
実験で用いた材料を表1に示す(FRは難燃剤の略称である)。
材料は、L/D=32の2軸スクリュー同時回転押出機(Berstorff ZE25)の中で混ぜ合わせた。ポリアミド、臭素含有難燃剤および他のすべての添加剤―ガラス繊維を除く―を計量し混合して、その混合結果物を押出機のメイン供給口に供給した。ガラス繊維は、側面供給により押出機の第5区分に入れた。温度プロファイルは、250−260−265−265−265−270−275−280℃とした。スクリュー速度は350rpm、および供給速度は1時間あたり12kgとした。
V−0評価タルク無しポリプロピレン配合物
実施例1のペンタブロモベンジル置換ポリスチレンを、ポリプロピレン共重合体(タルク無し)の燃焼性を低減させる能力を評価するために試験した。比較例では、2つの対応する配合物を調製したが、難燃剤としてデカブロモジフェニルエタンおよびポリ(ペンタブロモベンジルアクリレート)(それぞれFR−1410およびFR−1025、両者ともICL−IPから商業的に入手可能)を用いた。組成物を調製するのに用いた材料を表4に示す。
混合は、L/D=32で2軸スクリュー同時回転押出機ZE25の中で行った。温度プロファイルは120−180−200−200−200−210−220−230℃とした。スクリュー速度は350rpm、および供給速度は1時間あたり12kgとした。
V−1評価タルク含有ポリプロピレン配合物
これらの実施例の目的は、実施例1のペンタブロモベンジル置換ポリスチレンの、タルク含有ポリプロピレン配合物の燃焼性を低減させる能力を評価することである。
ポリプロピレン組成物の調製に用いた材料を表8に示す。
材料は、L/D=32の2軸スクリュー同時回転押出機(Berstorff ZE25)の中で混ぜ合わせた。温度プロファイルは、120−180−200−200−200−210−220−230℃とした。スクリュー速度は350rpm、および供給速度は1時間あたり12kgとした。
Claims (19)
- ペンタブロモベンジルハロゲン化物の、繰り返し単位に1以上の6員芳香環を有する重合体反応物とのフリーデル−クラフツアルキル化反応を含み、
前記反応は、少なくとも1つのフリーデル−クラフツ触媒の存在下で溶媒中で進行する、臭素含有重合体の調製方法。 - ペンタブロモベンジルハロゲン化物がペンタブロモベンジル臭化物である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 重合体出発物質が、k=0、A=無し、m=0(ポリスチレン)である式III、またはX=0(ポリ(フェニルエチル))である式IVの重合体のいずれかである、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 反応容器に溶媒、重合体開始物質としてポリスチレン、ペンタブロモベンジルハロゲン化物およびフリーデル−クラフツアルキル化に用いる1以上の触媒を入れる工程、フリーデル−クラフツアルキル化を完全に達成させる工程、およびペンデント−CH2C6Br5基を有する臭素含有ポリスチレンを回収する工程を含む、請求項4に記載の方法。
- AlCl3およびSnCl4の混合物を用いて反応を触媒する、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の方法。
- さらに、そのように形成した、ペンデントペンタブロモベンジル基を有する重合体を臭素化反応させる工程を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 6員芳香環を含む繰り返し単位を有する
重合体であって、ペンデント−CH2C6Br5基が前記重合体の前記6員芳香環の少なくとも1部分に付いており、前記6員芳香環の炭素環原子が前記−CH2C6Br5ペンデント基の脂肪族炭素に結合しており、前記重合体が3以上の繰り返し単位を有する、重合体。 - 式Iの重合体がペンタブロモベンジル置換ポリスチレンである、請求項9に記載の重合体。
- 式IIの重合体がペンタブロモベンジル置換ポリ(フェニルエチル)である、請求項9に記載の重合体。
- 臭素含有量が60wt%以上である、請求項10の重合体。
- 臭素含有量が70wt%以上である、請求項11の重合体。
- 式HalCH2C6Br5のペンタブロモベンジルハロゲン化物の使用であって、
Halは臭化物または塩化物であり、芳香環含有繰り返し単位を有する重合体のフリーデル−クラフツアルキル化におけるアルキル化試薬としての使用。 - 可燃性物質および請求項8〜13のいずれかに記載の臭素含有重合体を含む、難燃性組成物。
- 前記臭素含有重合体が、請求項12に記載したペンタブロモベンジル置換ポリスチレンである、請求項15に記載の難燃性組成物。
- 前記可燃性重合体がポリアミドである、請求項15または16に記載の難燃性組成物。
- 可燃性重合体がポリプロピレン共重合体またはインパクト修飾ポリプロピレンである、請求項15または16に記載の難燃性組成物。
- 100重量部のポリプロピレン共重合体、5〜50重量部のペンタブロモベンジル置換ポリスチレン、および2〜20重量部の三酸化アンチモンを含む、請求項18に記載の難燃性組成物。
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KR20150083837A (ko) * | 2012-10-17 | 2015-07-20 | 브로민 콤파운드 리미티드 | 펜타브로모벤질 (메트)아크릴레이트의 중합 방법, 수득된 중합체 및 이의 용도 |
CN105102410B (zh) | 2013-01-06 | 2018-03-02 | 溴化合物有限公司 | 含溴芳族化合物的制备及其作为阻燃剂的应用 |
EP3166989B1 (en) | 2014-07-08 | 2020-03-25 | Bromine Compounds Ltd. | Preparation of bromine-containing polymers useful as flame retardants |
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2015
- 2015-07-07 JP JP2017500348A patent/JP6609614B2/ja active Active
- 2015-07-07 WO PCT/IL2015/050700 patent/WO2016005973A1/en active Application Filing
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- 2015-07-07 CN CN201580035498.8A patent/CN106661148B/zh active Active
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US10227531B2 (en) | 2019-03-12 |
JP2017528546A (ja) | 2017-09-28 |
WO2016005973A1 (en) | 2016-01-14 |
EP3166980A1 (en) | 2017-05-17 |
CN106661148A (zh) | 2017-05-10 |
EP3166980B1 (en) | 2020-03-18 |
US20190144754A1 (en) | 2019-05-16 |
CN106661148B (zh) | 2019-05-03 |
US20170145313A1 (en) | 2017-05-25 |
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