JP6515304B2 - 粒子状脱細胞化組織の製造方法 - Google Patents
粒子状脱細胞化組織の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6515304B2 JP6515304B2 JP2015515867A JP2015515867A JP6515304B2 JP 6515304 B2 JP6515304 B2 JP 6515304B2 JP 2015515867 A JP2015515867 A JP 2015515867A JP 2015515867 A JP2015515867 A JP 2015515867A JP 6515304 B2 JP6515304 B2 JP 6515304B2
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Description
特許文献2:特表2003−518981号公報
特許文献3:特表2002−507907号公報
特許文献4:特表2003−525062号公報
特許文献5:特開2004−097552号公報
特許文献6:国際公開第2008/111530号パンフレット
特許文献7:特表2013−502275号公報
特許文献8:特表平07−509638号公報
特許文献9:特表2002−518319号公報
特許文献10:特表2012−505013号公報
[1]動物由来組織に、媒体中で高静水圧を印加する工程を有することを特徴とする粒子状脱細胞化組織の製造方法。
[2]高静水圧が2〜1,500MPaであることを特徴とする[1]記載の粒子状脱細胞化組織の製造方法。
[3]動物由来組織を粉砕した後に、媒体中で高静水圧を印加することを特徴とする[1]又は[2]記載の粒子状脱細胞化組織の製造方法。
[4]媒体中で高静水圧を印加した動物由来脱細胞化組織を粉砕することを特徴とする[1]又は[2]記載の粒子状脱細胞化組織の製造方法。
[5]媒体中で高静水圧を印加した動物由来脱細胞化組織を、アニオン性界面活性剤及び/又はノニオン性界面活性剤を含有しない洗浄液で洗浄することを特徴とする[1]〜[4]の何れか1項に記載の粒子状脱細胞化組織の製造方法。
[6][1]〜[5]の何れか1項に記載の粒子状脱細胞化組織の製造方法より製造された粒子状脱細胞化組織。
[7][6]に記載の粒子状脱細胞化組織を使用した移植用又は治療用の材料。
[8][6]に記載の粒子状脱細胞化組織を使用した細胞培養用材料。
〔生体組織〕
本発明の粒子状脱細胞化組織の製造方法に使用する生体組織は、脊椎動物由来の細胞を有する生体組織であれば、特に限定されないが、拒絶反応が少ないことから、哺乳類又は鳥類由来の生体組織が好ましく、入手が容易であることから、哺乳類の家畜、鳥類の家畜またはヒト由来の生態組織が更に好ましい。哺乳類の家畜としては、ウシ、ウマ、ラクダ、リャマ、ロバ、ヤク、ヒツジ、ブタ、ヤギ、シカ、アルパカ、イヌ、タヌキ、イタチ、キツネ、ネコ、ウサギ、ハムスター、モルモット、ラット、マウス、リス、アライグマ等が挙げられる。また、鳥類の家畜としては、インコ、オウム、ニワトリ、アヒル、七面鳥、ガチョウ、ホロホロ鳥、キジ、ダチョウ、ウズラ等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、入手の安定性から、ブタ、ウサギ、ヒトの生体組織が好ましい。
本発明の粒子状脱細胞化組織の製造方法では、生体組織を採取し、生体組織に高静水圧を印加し、破壊された細胞を洗浄除去し、粒子状の脱細胞化組織を得るまでの間の、どの段階で生体組織(または脱細胞化組織)を粉砕して粒子状にしてもよいが、破壊された細胞を洗浄除去する場合に、生体組織の形状が保たれた状態よりは粒子状である方が、破壊された細胞の洗浄除去が容易に行えることから、少なくとも細胞の洗浄除去の前に、粉砕することが好ましい。
本発明の製造方法では、生体細胞に媒体中で静水圧を印加ことにより生体組織が脱細胞化される。印加する静水圧が100MPaよりも低い場合には、生体組織からの脱細胞が不十分となる。一方、静水圧の印加には印加に耐えられる圧力容器が必要であり、多大なエネルギーを要する。このため、生体組織に印加する静水圧は、2〜1,500MPaが好ましく、10〜1,000MPaが更に好ましく、80〜500MPaが最も好ましい。
高静水圧が印加された生体組織は、洗浄液により破壊された細胞を洗浄除去される。洗浄液は、静水圧の印加に使用した媒体と同じ液でもよいし、異なる洗浄液でもよく、複数の種類の洗浄液を組み合わせて用いてもよい。洗浄液は、核酸分解酵素、有機溶媒又はキレート剤を含有することが好ましい。核酸分解酵素は、静水圧が印加された生体組織からの核酸成分、有機溶媒は脂質、それぞれの除去効率を向上させることができ、キレート剤は、脱細胞化組織中のカルシウムイオンやマグネシウムイオンを不活性化することにより、本発明の粒子化脱細胞組織を疾患部に適用した場合の石灰化を防ぐことができる。
ブタの肝臓を冷凍し、−20℃で、フードプロセッサーを用いて粉砕し、ふるいを用いて直径500μm以上の粒子を除去して、ブタの肝臓の微細粒子(平均粒径50μm、粒径1μm未満の成分は5%以下)を得た。ポリエチレン製チャック付き袋に、この微細粒子5gと、高静水圧処理の媒体として生理食塩水15gとを入れ、研究開発用高圧処理装置(神戸製鋼製、商品名:Dr.CHEF)を用いて、1,000MPaの静水圧を15分間印加した。この後、高静水圧処理した粉末を滅菌カップに移し、洗浄液として生理食塩水20gを入れて、25℃で5時間振盪し、洗浄液を更新して更に2時間浸透して、実施例1の粒子状脱細胞化組織を得た。
ブタの肝臓をブタの大脳に変えた以外は、実施例1と同様の操作を行い実施例2の粒子状脱細胞化組織を得た。
ブタの肝臓をブタの脊髄に変えた以外は、実施例1と同様の操作を行い実施例3の粒子状脱細胞化組織を得た。
滅菌カップに、実施例1と同様の方法で粉砕したブタの肝臓の微細粒子5gと、脱細胞溶液として0.5%のドデシル硫酸ナトリウムを含有するハンクスの平衡塩溶液15gを入れ、25℃で5時間保存した。この後、脱細胞溶液を除去し、洗浄液として界面活性剤を含有しないハンクスの平衡塩溶液20gを入れて、25℃で5時間振盪し、洗浄液を更新して更に2時間振盪することにより、比較例1の粒子状脱細胞化組織を得た。
ブタの肝臓をブタの大脳に変えた以外は、比較例1と同様の操作を行い比較例2の粒子状脱細胞化組織を得た。
ブタの肝臓をブタの脊髄に変えた以外は、比較例1と同様の操作を行い比較例3の粒子状脱細胞化組織を得た。
L929細胞(マウス繊維芽細胞)をMEM培地を用いて、37℃で24時間培養し、飢餓状態にした。24 well plate dishに5%の粉末化脱細胞化組織を含有するMEM培地1mLを添加し、セルカルチャーインサート(孔径8μm)を各wellにセットした。インサート内に、MEM培地で培養したL929細胞を播種し(1.0×105細胞/well)、37℃で1〜3時間培養し、インサート下のwell部に移動した細胞数を計測した。細胞数の計測は、DAPIで染色した後、蛍光顕微鏡を用いて行い、5のwell部の平均数を求めた。なお、粉末化脱細胞化組織を使用しないものをブランクとした。結果を表1に示す。
コラーゲンコート24 well plate dishに、10%のHorse serumと5%のウシ胎児血清(FBS)を含有するRPMI培地を用いて、PC12細胞(ラットの副腎髄質由来の褐色細胞腫)を播種(1.0×104細胞/well)し、37℃で24時間培養した。培地を0.1%のHose serumを含有するRPMI培地に変更し、セルカルチャーインサート(孔径8μm)を各wellにセットした。インサート内に5%の脱細胞化粉末を含有する生理食塩水を200μL添加し、神経細胞成長因子(NGF)を50ng添加した場合と添加しない場合について24時間培養した。位相差顕微鏡で細胞を観察し、以下の基準で神経突起伸長効果を評価した。結果を表2に示す。
◎:明らかな神経突起伸長効果が見られる。
○:一部に神経突起伸長効果が見られる。
△:神経突起伸長効果が見られない。
×:一部または全部の細胞に、細胞死が観察された。
ラット(Wistar rat、オス、8〜12週齢)を麻酔処理し、背部を剃毛し、剃毛部をポビドンヨード溶液で消毒した。このラットの背部をハサミで約1.5cm切開して皮下ポケットを作成した。この皮下ポケットに脱細胞化粉末約20mgを埋入し、縫合糸を用いて切開部を縫合し、縫合部をポビドンヨード溶液で再度消毒した。28日後に、ラットの皮下ポケット部を回収し、ヘマトキシリン・エオシン染色により染色して組織学的評価を行った。なお、脱細胞化粉末を埋入せずに縫合したものをブランクとした。結果を表3に示す。
○:炎症反応が見られず、細胞の誘引が確認できる。
△:炎症反応は見られないが、細胞の誘引が明確でない。
×:炎症反応が見られ、細胞の誘引も確認できない。
ラット(Wistar rat、オス、8〜12週齢)を麻酔処理し、背部を剃毛し、剃毛部をポビドンヨード溶液で消毒した。このラットの背部に、真皮中層までの欠損(直径15mm)を作成し、更に、液体窒素で冷却した金属体を60秒間押し付けて、凍傷した創傷を作成した。この創傷に、実施例1又は比較例2の脱細胞化粉末を塗布し、創傷部を絆創膏で被覆し、さらにラットの胴体全周をガーゼを用いて被覆した。7日後、創傷部を回収し、ヘマトキシリン・エオシン染色により染色して組織学的評価を行った。なお、脱細胞化粉末を塗布せずに絆創膏で被覆したものをブランクとした。結果を表3に示す。
◎:組織の再生が認められ、拘縮は認められない。
○:組織の再生が認められるが、やや拘縮が認められる。
△:組織の再生が認められるが、明らかな拘縮が認められる。
×:患部の悪化が認められる。
Claims (5)
- 動物由来組織に、媒体中で2〜1,500MPaの高静水圧を印加する工程を有することを特徴とする細胞誘引性粒子状脱細胞化組織の製造方法で得られた細胞誘引性粒子状脱細胞組織を用いた、インビトロでの細胞の誘引方法。
- 該製造方法が、動物由来組織を粉砕した後に、媒体中で高静水圧を印加することを特徴とする方法である、請求項1に記載の誘引方法。
- 該製造方法が、媒体中で高静水圧を印加した動物由来脱細胞化組織を粉砕することを特徴とする方法である、請求項1に記載の誘引方法。
- 該製造方法が、媒体中で高静水圧を印加した動物由来脱細胞化組織を、アニオン性界面活性剤及び/又はノニオン性界面活性剤を含有しない洗浄液で洗浄することを特徴とする方法である、請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載の誘引方法。
- 該製造方法が、動物由来組織に、媒体中で2〜1,500MPaの高静水圧を印加する工程と、動物由来組織を粉砕する工程と、高静水圧を印加し、破壊された動物由来組織の細胞を洗浄除去する工程とを有し、少なくとも細胞の洗浄除去の前に、粉砕することを特徴とする方法である、請求項1〜4の何れか1項に記載の誘引方法。
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CN104740685A (zh) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-07-01 | 烟台隽秀生物科技有限公司 | 一种神经修复膜及其制备方法 |
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