JP6396417B2 - 回転可能なシャフトを備えた作動機構体を有する外科用ステープラ - Google Patents

回転可能なシャフトを備えた作動機構体を有する外科用ステープラ Download PDF

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JP6396417B2
JP6396417B2 JP2016502908A JP2016502908A JP6396417B2 JP 6396417 B2 JP6396417 B2 JP 6396417B2 JP 2016502908 A JP2016502908 A JP 2016502908A JP 2016502908 A JP2016502908 A JP 2016502908A JP 6396417 B2 JP6396417 B2 JP 6396417B2
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shaft
surgical stapler
actuation shaft
handle assembly
actuation
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アタール パテル
アタール パテル
ジョナサン コヴァック
ジョナサン コヴァック
クリスティーナ エヌ リード
クリスティーナ エヌ リード
マシュー エム ベセラ
マシュー エム ベセラ
ゲイリー エム ジョンソン
ゲイリー エム ジョンソン
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アプライド メディカル リソーシーズ コーポレイション
アプライド メディカル リソーシーズ コーポレイション
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B17/07207Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/0046Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets with a releasable handle; with handle and operating part separable
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00477Coupling
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07257Stapler heads characterised by its anvil

Description

本願は、一般に、外科用閉塞器具、特に外科用ステープラに関する。
〔関連出願の説明〕
本願は、2013年3月15日に出願された現在係属中の米国特許仮出願第61/794,700号(発明の名称:SURGICAL STAPLER HAVING ACTUATION MECHANISM WITH ROTATABLE SHAFT)の権益主張出願である。この先の出願を参照により引用し、その記載内容全体を本明細書の一部とする。
外科用ステープラは、組織に接近し又はクランプすると共にクランプされた組織を一緒にステープル留めするために用いられる。したがって、外科用ステープラは、組織が適正に位置決めされて捕捉されるようにし、そしてステープルを組織中に打ち込む機構体を有する。その結果、これにより、例えば、クランプされた組織の適正なステープル留めを可能にする複雑な機構体と関連して多数のトリガ及びハンドル(取っ手)が設けられた。
これら複雑な機構体により、外科用ステープラは、製造上の負担が増すと共に器具の故障の潜在的な源及びユーザにとっての混乱を招く場合がある。かくして、複雑な機構体を用いないでクランプされた組織を確実にステープル留めすることが望ましい。
或る特定の実施形態では、外科用ステープラが本明細書において提供される。外科用ステープラは、細長いシャフト、ジョー組立体、及びハンドル組立体を含む。細長いシャフトは、近位端部及び遠位端部を有する。細長いシャフトは、近位端部と遠位端部との間に長手方向軸線を定める。ジョー組立体は、細長いシャフトの遠位端部のところに配置されている。ジョー組立体は、第1のジョーと、第2のジョーと、複数個のステープルとを含む。ジョー組立体は、閉じ形態、開き形態、及び発火形態のうちの1つに選択的に位置決め可能である。ハンドル組立体は、細長いシャフトの近位端部のところに配置されている。ハンドル組立体は、静止ハンドルと、静止ハンドルに回動可能に結合された可動トリガと、作動シャフトとを含む。作動シャフトは、作動シャフトの長手方向軸線に対してハンドル組立体内で長手方向に摺動可能であると共に長手方向軸線に対してハンドル組立体内で回転可能である。作動シャフトは、ジョー組立体に作動可能に結合され、作動シャフトは、ジョー組立体の開き形態に対応した第1の位置からジョー組立体の閉じ形態に対応した第2の位置に第1の方向に長手方向に摺動可能であると共に第2の位置から発火形態に対応した第3の位置に第1の方向に長手方向に摺動可能である。作動シャフトは、可動トリガに作動可能に結合されている。作動シャフトは、トリガの運動により作動シャフトが第2の位置と第3の位置との間で動く第1の配向状態とトリガの運動により作動シャフトが第3の位置から第1の位置に動く第2の配向状態との間で回転可能である。
或る特定の実施形態では、外科用ステープラのためのハンドル組立体が提供される。外科用ステープラは、近位端部及び遠位端部を有すると共に近位端部と遠位端部との間に長手方向軸線を定める細長いシャフトと、細長いシャフトの遠位端部のところに設けられたジョー組立体とを有する。ハンドル組立体は、ハウジング、ハウジング内に位置決めされた作動機構体、及びカップラを含む。作動機構体は、前進駆動体、後退駆動体、及び作動シャフトを含む。作動シャフトは、長手方向軸線に沿って延びている。作動シャフトは、長手方向軸線に対してハウジングに回転可能に結合されている。作動シャフトは、前進面及び後退面を有する。前進面は、作動シャフトに沿って長手方向に延びている。後退面は、作動シャフトに沿って長手方向に延びている。後退面は、前進面から角度的にオフセットしている。作動シャフトは、前進駆動体が前進面に係合する第1の配向状態と後退駆動体が後退面に係合する第2の配向状態との間で回転可能である。カップラは、外科用ステープラの細長いシャフトに係合するようになっている。ハンドル組立体の幾つかの実施形態では、ハンドル組立体は、ハウジングに設けられた静止ハンドルと、ハウジングに回動可能に結合されると共に静止ハンドルから間隔を置いた開き位置と静止ハンドルに隣接した閉じ位置との間で回動可能である可動ハンドルとを更に含む。可動ハンドルは、ハウジングに回動可能に結合されると共に静止ハンドルから間隔を置いた開き位置と静止ハンドルに隣接した閉じ位置との間で回動可能である。前進駆動体は、可動ハンドルに作動可能に結合され、前進駆動体は、開き位置から閉じ位置への可動ハンドルの運動に応答して長手方向軸線に対して遠位側に並進可能である。後退駆動体は、可動ハンドルに作動可能に結合され、後退駆動体は、開き位置から閉じ位置への可動ハンドルの運動に応答して長手方向軸線に対して近位側に並進可能である。
或る特定の実施形態では、外科用ステープラのためのハンドル組立体が提供される。ハンドル組立体は、ハウジング、ハウジングに結合されたアクチュエータ、及び作動機構体を含む。作動機構体は、フォワード駆動体、リバース駆動体、作動シャフト、及びセレクタを含む。フォワード駆動体は、トリガに作動可能に結合されている。リバース駆動体は、トリガに作動可能に結合されている。作動シャフトは、長手方向軸線を有する。作動シャフトは、長手方向軸線に対してハウジングに回転可能に結合されている。作動シャフトは、フォワードインターフェース面及びフォワードインターフェース面から角度的にオフセットしたリバースインターフェース面を有する。作動シャフトは、フォワードインターフェース面がフォワード駆動体に係合して駆動シャフトをアクチュエータに応答して第1の方向に動かす第1の配向状態と、リバースインターフェース面がリバース駆動体に係合して作動シャフトをアクチュエータに応答して第1の方向とは逆の第2の方向に動かす第2の配向状態との間で回転可能である。セレクタは、作動シャフトを第1の配向状態と第2の配向状態との間で選択的に回転させるよう作動シャフトに作動可能に結合されている。幾つかの実施形態では、アクチュエータは、ハウジングに回動可能に結合されたトリガを有し、第1及び第2の方向における作動シャフトの運動は、トリガの回動運動に応答する。
外科用ステープル留め器具の実施形態の斜視図であり、ジョーが開き形態にある状態を示す図である。 図1の外科用ステープル留め器具用のカートリッジの実施形態の斜視図であり、ジョーが閉じ形態にある状態を示す図である。 外科用ステープル留め器具のためのハンドル組立体の実施形態の斜視図である。 図3のハンドル組立体の斜視図であり、可動ハンドルが閉じ形態にある状態を示す図である。 図3のハンドル組立体の平面図であり、セレクタが第1の形態にある状態を示す図である。 図3のハンドル組立体の平面図であり、セレクタが第2の形態にある状態を示す図である。 図3のハンドル組立体の側面図である。 初期形態にある図3のハンドル組立体の断面側面図である。 図8Aのハンドル組立体の断面斜視図である。 閉鎖形態に作動された図3のハンドル組立体の断面側面図である。 図9Aのハンドル組立体の断面斜視図である。 フォワード駆動形態にある図3のハンドル組立体の断面側面図である。 図10Aのハンドル組立体の断面斜視図である。 フォワード駆動形態にある図3のハンドル組立体の断面側面図である。 図11Aのハンドル組立体の断面斜視図である。 完全に駆動されたフォワード形態にある図3のハンドル組立体の断面側面図である。 図12Aのハンドル組立体の断面斜視図である。 リバース駆動形態にある図3のハンドル組立体の断面側面図である。 図13Aのハンドル組立体の断面斜視図である。 完全に駆動されたリバース形態にある図3のハンドル組立体の断面側面図である。 図14Aのハンドル組立体の断面斜視図である。 外科用ステープル留め用器具ハンドル組立体の別の実施形態の側面図である。 図15のハンドル組立体の斜視図である。 図15のハンドル組立体の切除側面図である。 図15のハンドル組立体の作動機構体のための回転機構体の平面図である。 図18の回転機構体のハブカラー及び作動シャフトの平面図であり、ハブカラーが第1の位置にある状態を示す図である。 図18の回転機構体のハブカラー及び作動シャフトの平面図であり、ハブカラーが第2の位置にある状態を示す図である。 図18の回転機構体のハブカラー及び作動シャフトの平面図であり、ハブカラーが第3の位置にある状態を示す図である。 図18の回転機構体のハブカラー及び作動シャフトの平面図であり、ハブカラーが第4の位置にある状態を示す図である。 図18の回転機構体のハブカラー及び作動シャフトの平面図であり、ハブカラーが第5の位置にある状態を示す図である。 図18の回転機構体のハブカラー及び作動シャフトの平面図であり、ハブカラーが第6の位置にある状態を示す図である。 図18の回転機構体のハブカラー及び作動シャフトの平面図であり、ハブカラーが第7の位置にある状態を示す図である。
図1及び図2を参照すると、外科用ステープル留め器具の実施形態が示されている。外科用ステープラ10の図示の実施形態は、細長いシャフト20、ジョー組立体30、及びハンドル(取っ手)組立体40を有する。図1は、ジョー組立体30が開き形態にある状態で外科用ステープラ10を示している。図2は、ジョー組立体30が閉じ形態にある状態で外科用ステープラ10の細長いシャフト20及びジョー組立体30を有する取り外し可能なカートリッジを示している。
引き続き図1及び図2を参照すると、外科用ステープラ10の図示の実施形態は、腹腔鏡下外科的手技に用いられるよう寸法決めされると共に形作られるのが良い。例えば、細長いシャフト20及びジョー組立体30は、アクセスポート又はトロカールカニューレを通って術野中に導入されるよう寸法決めされると共に形作られるのが良い。幾つかの実施形態では、細長いシャフト20及びジョー組立体30は、比較的小さな作業チャネル直径、例えば8mm未満の直径を有するトロカールカニューレ中に挿入されるよう寸法決めされると共に形作られるのが良い。他の実施形態では、細長いシャフト20及びジョー組立体30は、大きな作業チャネル直径、例えば10mm、11mm、12mm、又は15mmの直径を有するトロカールカニューレ中に挿入されるよう寸法決めされると共に形作られるのが良い。他の実施形態では、本明細書において説明する床用ステープラの或る特定の観点を開放外科的処置に用いられる外科用ステープル留め器具に組み込んでも良いことが想定される。
引き続き図1及び図2を参照すると、図示のように、細長いシャフト20は、全体として管状の部材から成る。細長いシャフト20は、近位端部22から遠位端部24まで延びている。細長いシャフト20は、近位端部22と遠位端部24との間に延びる外科用ステープラ10の長手方向中心軸線Lを定めている。
引き続き図1及び図2を参照すると、図示の実施形態では、ジョー組立体30は、細長いシャフト20の遠位端部24のところで細長いシャフト20に結合されている。ジョー組立体30は、第1のジョー32及び第1のジョー32に回動的に結合された第2のジョー34を含む。図示の実施形態では、第1のジョー32は、第1のジョーが長手方向中心軸線Lに沿って遠位側に延びて細長いシャフト20に対して静止状態のままであるよう細長いシャフト20の遠位端部24に固定されている。他の実施形態では、第1のジョー32と第2のジョー34の両方が細長いシャフトに対して回動可能であることが想定される。他の特定の実施形態では、ジョー組立体30が細長いシャフト20に対して関節運動可能であることが想定される。初期の形態では、第1のジョー32内には複数本のステープル36が配置されている。幾つかの実施形態では、ステープルを当初、第2のジョー34内に配置しても良い。
引き続き図1及び図2を参照すると、図示の実施形態では、ジョー組立体30を細長いシャフト内で長手方向に摺動可能である作動部材又はビームによって開き形態(図1)から閉じ形態(図2)に、そしてステープル留め形態に作動させることができる。初期の位置では、ビームは、細長いシャフト20の遠位端部24のところに位置決めされるのが良い。ビームが初期位置にある状態で、第2のジョー34を回動させて第1のジョー32から遠ざけ、ジョー組立体30が開き形態になるようにする。作動ビームは、長手方向軸線Lに沿う遠位側への作動部材又はビームの並進時に第2のジョー34に係合する。作動ビームを初期位置から遠位側に第1の距離並進させることにより、ジョー組立体を開き形態から閉じ形態に作動させることができる。ジョー組立体30が閉じ形態にある状態で、作動ビームを近位側に第1の距離戻してジョー組立体30を開き形態に戻すことができる。作動ビームの遠位端部は、ステープルを第1のジョー32から配備するよう構成されたステープルスライダを前進させることができ、その結果、作動ビームを第1の距離を超えて遠位側に更に並進させると、複数個のステープル36が第1のジョー32から配備されるようになる。
引き続き図1及び図2を参照すると、図示の実施形態では、ハンドル組立体は、細長いシャフト20の近位端部22のところで細長いシャフト20に結合されている。図示のように、ハンドル組立体40は、静止ハンドル42及び静止ハンドル42に回動可能に結合されたアクチュエータ、例えば可動ハンドル44又はトリガを構成するハウジングを備えた拳銃握り形態を有してしている。他の実施形態では、本明細書において説明する観点を含む外科用ステープラ器具が他の形態、例えばはさみグリップ形態又はインライン形態を備えたハンドル組立体を有しても良いことが想定される。さらに以下に詳細説明するように、ハンドル組立体40は、可動ハンドル44の運動に応動して作動シャフトを選択的に前進させるよう構成された作動組立体を収容している。幾つかの実施形態では、作動機構体は、作動シャフトを選択的に前進させるよう作動させることができる電動作動機構体、例えば電気モータから成るのが良い。電気モータの作動は、可動ハンドル44の動き又はトリガ、ボタン、スイッチ若しくは電動作動機構体の電気モータに電気的に作動可能に結合された別のアクチュエータの作動によって開始可能である。
幾つかの実施形態では、外科用ステープラ10は、使い捨てカートリッジ内に配置された複数個のステープル36を有するのが良く、他方、ハンドル組立体40は、多数のステープルカートリッジと共に再使用されるよう構成されている。図示の実施形態では、細長いシャフト20及びジョー組立体30は、ハンドル組立体40に取り外し可能に連結可能である使い捨てカートリッジを構成する。したがって、図示の実施形態では、ハンドル組立体40は、その遠位端部のところにカップラ46を含む。カップラ46は、外科用ステープラ10の細長いシャフト20に係合するようになっている。カップラ46は、ハンドル組立体40又は細長いシャフト20に取り外し可能に結合可能な外側コネクタ及びハンドル組立体40の可動シャフトを細長いシャフト20の作動部材に取り外し可能に結合することができる内側コネクタを有する差込み形連結具であるのが良い。したがって、外科用ステープラ10は、ハンドル組立体40を外科的処置中、多数の使い捨てカートリッジと共に再使用することができるよう構成されているのが良い。他の実施形態では、ハンドル組立体及び細長いシャフトの或る部分が再使用可能であるのが良く、ジョー組立体内の細長いシャフトの残部が使い捨てカートリッジを構成することが想定される。或る特定の他の実施形態では、ハンドル組立体及び細長いシャフトは、再使用可能であるのが良く、他方、ジョー組立体は、使い捨てカートリッジを構成する。さらに別の実施形態では、複数個のステープルを収容するジョーインサートが使い捨てカートリッジを構成するのが良く、他方、外科用ステープラの残部は、再使用可能である。
図3〜図7を参照すると、外科用ステープラ10のためのハンドル組立体40の実施形態の種々の図を示している。図3では、可動ハンドル44が静止ハンドル42から間隔を置いて位置する開き位置にある状態でハンドル組立体40の斜視図が示されている。図示のハンドル組立体40は、本明細書において更に説明するようにハンドル組立体40内に収容された作動機構体に作動可能に結合されたセレクタ72を更に含む。図3に示されているように、セレクタ72は、第1の位置にある。
図4を参照すると、図3のハンドル組立体40の別の斜視図が示されている。図示のように、可動ハンドル44は、静止ハンドル42に隣接して位置する閉じ位置にあり、セレクタ72は、第2の位置にある。図5及び図6は、図3のハンドル組立体の平面図であり、セレクタ72、例えばスライダ74が第1の位置(図5)にあり、第2の位置(図6)にある。図7は、図3のハンドル組立体40の側面図である。
図8A及び図8Bは、初期形態にあるハンドル組立体40の断面図であり、作動組立体50の動作原理を示している。図示の実施形態では、作動機構体50は、作動シャフト60を開き形態にあるジョー組立体30に対応した第1の位置から閉じ形態にあるジョー組立体30に対応した第2の位置までそして第2の位置からジョー組立体30をステープル留め形態に位置決めして複数個のステープル36を配備する第3の位置に選択的に並進させるよう構成されている。図8A及び図8Bに示された初期形態では、開き/閉じ機能をもたらすためにステープルを配備することなく可動ハンドル44又はトリガの運動に応答して作動シャフト60を第1の位置と第2の位置との間で繰り返し並進させることができる。この開き/閉じ機能により、ユーザは、組織を位置決めしてクランプし、そしてステープラ10を再位置決めしてステープルの配備前に所望のステープル配置場所を見出すことができる。
図8〜図14を参照すると、図示の実施形態では、作動機構体は、前進又はフォワード駆動体52、後退又はリバース駆動体54、開放駆動体58、前進面62、後退面64、及び開放面66を含む。フォワード駆動体52は、可動ハンドル44に作動可能に結合されるのが良く、その結果、開き位置から閉じ位置への可動ハンドル44の運動により、フォワード駆動体52は、第1の方向に、例えばハンドル組立体40内で遠位側の方向に前進するようになる。フォワード駆動体52は、凹部又はスロットに嵌まり込むよう構成された爪又は歯から成るのが良い。
リバース駆動体54は、可動ハンドル44に作動可能に結合されるのが良く、開き位置から閉じ位置への可動ハンドル44の運動により、リバース駆動体54は、第1の方向とは逆の第2の方向に、例えばハンドル組立体40内で近位側に前進するようになる。幾つかの実施形態では、可動ハンドル44は、遊び歯車56を含む歯車付き連結部によってリバース駆動体54に作動可能に結合されるのが良い。リバース駆動体54は、凹部又はスロットに嵌まり込むよう構成された爪又は歯から成るのが良い。
開放駆動体58は、可動ハンドル44に作動可能に結合されるのが良く、開き位置から閉じ位置への可動ハンドル44の運動により、開放駆動体58は、第1の方向に、例えばハンドル組立体40内で遠位側に前進するようになる。図示の実施形態では、開放駆動体58は、開放駆動体58を可動ハンドル44に作動可能に結合するためのピン及びスロット結合部によってアイドラ56に結合されている。開放駆動体58は、凹部又はスロットに嵌まり込むよう構成された爪又は歯から成るのが良い。
作動シャフト60上には、前進面62、後退面64、及び開放面66が形成されている。図示の実施形態では、前進面62は、作動シャフト60に沿って長手方向に形成されたラック又は複数個の互いに間隔を置いた凹部若しくは歯を有する。図示のように、後退面64は、作動シャフト60に沿って長手方向に形成されると共に前進面62から角度的にオフセットしたラック又は複数個の互いに間隔を置いた凹部若しくは歯を有する。図示の実施形態では、開放面66は、作動シャフト60に形成された凹部を有する。
或る特定の実施形態では、作動シャフト60は、ハンドル組立体40内でステープラ10の長手方向軸線回りに回転可能である。作動シャフト60は、互いに別個独立に回転可能な近位部分65と遠位部分61を有するのが良い。例えば、近位部分65は、回転可能なカップリングのところで遠位部分61に結合されるのが良く、回転可能なカップリングは、近位部分と遠位部分との自由回転を可能にする一方で、近位部分を遠位部分に長手方向並進可能に結合する。ハンドル組立体40は、ハンドル組立体40内での作動シャフト60の近位部分65の選択的な回転をもたらす回転機構体70を含むのが良い。作動シャフト60は、フォワード駆動体52が前進面62と係合可能な第1の配向状態とリバース駆動体54が後退面64と係合可能な第2の配向状態との間で回転可能であるのが良い。前進面52が作動シャフト60に関して後退面54から角度的にオフセットすると共に作動シャフトが第1の配向状態にある状態で、リバース駆動体54は、後退面64から離脱され、作動シャフトが第2の配向状態にある状態では、フォワード状態52は、前進面62から離脱される。
引き続き図8〜図14を参照すると、或る特定の実施形態では、回転機構体70は、セレクタ72、例えばスライダを含む。スライダは、ハンドル組立体40を通って横方向に延びるのが良い。スライダは、作動シャフト60に作動可能に連結されるのが良く、その結果、スライダをハンドル組立体40の一方の側から延びた状態で第1の状態に位置決めすることにより、作動シャフト60が第1の配向状態に位置決めされ、スライダをハンドル組立体40の反対側から延びる状態で第2の位置に位置決めすることにより、作動シャフト60が回転して第2の配向状態になる。図示の実施形態では、スライダは、歯車78と噛み合い状態にあるラック76に結合され、歯車78は、作動シャフト60に回転可能に固定されると共に作動シャフト60に沿って長手方向に摺動可能である(例えば、キー付き連結部によって)。望ましくは、スライダを含む図示の回転機構体70は、作動シャフト60を所望の配向状態に不連続に位置決めし、作動機構体50内における歯車装置の噛み合わせ不良の発生を減少させる。幾つかの実施形態では、スライダは、作動シャフト60の配向状態及びかくしてステープラの作動モードをユーザに示す視覚的指標、例えば矢印を有するのが良い。
図示の実施形態では、前進面62と後退面64は、作動シャフト回りに約90°だけ角度的にオフセットしている。かくして、回転機構体70は、作動シャフトを第1の配向状態と第2の配向状態との間で約90°回転させるよう構成されている。他の実施形態では、前進面62と後退面64は、互いに異なる角度オフセット、例えば120°又は70°を有するのが良く、回転機構体70は、作動シャフト60をそれに応じて回転させるよう構成されているのが良い。さらに、ハンドル組立体40の開き/閉じモードに関して本明細書において更に詳細に説明するように、図示の実施形態では、開放駆動体58は、第2の配向状態で作動シャフトに係合し、他の実施形態では、作動シャフトは、開放駆動体58が作動シャフトに係合する第3の配向状態まで回転可能であるのが良い。
図8〜図14を参照すると、ハンドル組立体40の作動機構体50の代表的な作動シーケンスが示されている。図8A及び図8B並びに図9A及び図9Bは、ジョー組立体30に開き/閉じ機能を提供する初期形態にあるハンドル組立体40の作動状態を示している。図8Aでは、可動トリガ44は、開き位置にあり、作動シャフト60は、細長いシャフト20の遠位端部のところの作動ビームの第1の位置に対応した第1の位置にある。初期位置では、作動シャフト60は、リバース駆動体54が後退面64と角度的に整列するよう第2の配向状態に位置決めされる。作動シャフト60が第2の配向状態にある場合、開閉駆動体58は、開放面66又は凹部内に位置決めされる。可動ハンドル44を開き位置(図8A及び図8B)から閉じ位置(図9A及び図9B)に動かすと、フォワード駆動体52は、作動シャフト60に沿って遠位側に前進して作動シャフト60に形成された前進凹部63に嵌まり込んで駆動シャフト60をハンドル組立体40内で第2の位置まで遠位側に駆動する。ハンドル組立体40内の作動シャフト60の第2の位置は、ジョー組立体30を閉じ形態に位置決めする作動ビームの第2の位置に一致している。
可動ハンドル44は、付勢部材、例えばコイルばね68(図11A)によって開き位置に付勢されるのが良い。かくして、可動ハンドル44を図9A及び図9Bに示された閉じ位置から解除すると、可動ハンドルは、図8A及び図8Bの開き位置に戻る。同様に、可動ハンドル44を開放駆動体58に作動可能に結合することにより、開放駆動体58は、可動ハンドル44が開き位置に戻っているときにハンドル組立体40内で近位側に並進する。作動シャフト60の第2の配向状態では、開放駆動体58は、開放面66に係合して開放駆動体58の近位側への運動により作動シャフト60が第2の位置から第1の位置に戻り、それによりジョー組立体30が開き形態に戻る。
ユーザは、ジョーを繰り返し開閉して組織を種々の場所にクランプすることによって術野内の所望のステープル留め位置を探し求めることができる。所望のステープル留め位置をいったん選択すると、作動機構体50は、作動シャフト60を第1の配向状態まで回転させることによってステープル留め又は発火モードに構成されるのが良い。ジョー組立体が所望のステープル留め位置(図9A及び図9Bに示されている)で閉じ形態にある状態で、ユーザは、スライダを作動シャフト60の第1の配向状態(図10A及び図10Bに示されている)に対応した第1の位置まで摺動させることによりセレクタ72を再位置決めするのが良い。作動シャフト60の第1の配向状態では、フォワード駆動体52は、前進面62と係合可能であり、リバース駆動体54は、後退面64と角度的に位置合わせ不良状態にあり、開放駆動体58は、開放面66と角度的に位置合わせ不良状態にある。作動シャフト60が第1の配向状態にある場合、可動ハンドル44を開き位置(図11A及び図11B)に解除するのが良く、それによりフォワード駆動体52を前進面62に係合させる。
図11A及び図11B並び図12A及び図12Bを参照すると、作動シャフト60が第1の配向状態にあり、フォワード駆動体52が前進面62に係合した状態では、作動機構体50は、ステープル留め又は発火モードの状態にある。開き位置から閉じ位置への、そして開き位置に戻る可動ハンドル44の数回の運動サイクルにより、作動シャフト66は、第2の位置(図11A及び図11B)から作動シャフト60がハンドル組立体40に対してその最も遠位側の限度まで動かされる第3の位置(図12A及び図12B)まで前進する。幾つかの実施形態では、作動機構体は、第3の位置で作動シャフト60の遠位側への移動を妨害する停止部を有するのが良い。作動シャフトの第2の位置は、ジョー組立体30内における作動ビームの第2の位置に対応している。作動シャフトの第3の位置は、ジョー組立体30内の作動ビームの第3の位置に対応し、この位置では、複数個のステープルは、第1のジョーから配備されている。可動ハンドル44又はトリガの運動が作動シャフトを第2の位置から第3の位置まで前進させるために発火モードの状態にある場合、フォワード駆動体52をラチェット状前進状態で作動面62の隣り合う歯又は溝上を順次前進させる。
図13A及び図13Bを参照すると、いったん作動シャフト60を第3の位置まで前進させてステープルをジョー組立体から発火すると、作動機構体50をリバースモードに構成するのが良い。したがって、回転機構体70は、作動シャフト60を第2の配向状態まで回転させて後退面64をリバース駆動体54と角度的に位置合わせ状態に位置決めするのが良い。スライダを第2の位置まで摺動させて作動シャフトを第1の配向状態(図12A及び図12B)から第2の配向状態(図13A及び図13B)まで回転させるのが良い。作動シャフト60が第2の配向状態にある場合、開き位置から閉じ位置への、そして開き位置に戻る可動ハンドル44の繰り返しサイクルにより、リバース駆動体54は、ラチェット状前進状態で後退面64に係合し、他方、作動シャフト60は、ハンドル組立体40内で近位側に引っ込められる。いったんリバース駆動体54が作動シャフト60を第2の位置(図14A及び図14Bに示されている)まで近位側に駆動すると、開放駆動体58は、開放面66に係合する。開放駆動体58は、可動ハンドル44を開き位置まで解除すると、作動シャフト60を第1の位置に戻す(ハンドル組立体を図8A及び図8Bに示された形態に戻す)。作動シャフト60が第1の位置にある状態で、ステープルのない空になったカートリッジをハンドル組立体40から結合解除し、新品のカートリッジをハンドル組立体に結合すると、新たなステープル留め作業を開始することができる。
図15〜図25を参照すると、外科用ステープラ10′に用いられる別の実施形態としてのハンドル組立体40′が示されている。図15は、ハンドル組立体40′の側面図であり、図16は、ハンドル組立体40′の斜視図である。ハンドル組立体40′では、回転機構体70′の作動は、摺動可能なスイッチ80で達成され、摺動可能なスイッチ80は、ハンドル組立体40′のハウジングに対して長手方向に摺動可能である。有利には、かかる摺動可能なスイッチ構成により、ユーザは、作動シャフト60を片手操作で容易に回転させることができる。
図17を参照すると、ハンドル組立体40′の断面図が示されており、この図は、作動機構体50′及び回転機構体70′を示している。作動機構体は、図8A及び図8B並びに図14A及び図14Bの実施形態を参照して実質的に上述したように機能して作動シャフト60′を開き/閉じモードで第1の位置から第2の位置まで前進させ、ステープルモードで第2の位置から第3の位置まで前進させ、そしてリバースモードで第3の位置から第1の位置まで前進させる。作動機構体50′は、図8A及び図8B並びに図14A及び図14Bの実施形態を参照して実質的に上述した可動ハンドル44並びに作動シャフト60′の前進面62、後退面、及び開放面に作動可能に結合された対応のフォワード、リバース、及び開放駆動体52,54,58を含む。しかしながら、図15〜図25に示された実施形態では、作動シャフト60′は、回転機構体70′によって開放駆動体58が開放面66に係合するハンドル組立体の開き/閉じモードに対応した第1の配向状態と、フォワード駆動体52が前進面62に係合するステープル留め位置に対応した第2の配向状態と、リバース駆動体54が後退面に係合するリバース位置に対応した第3の配向状態との間で不連続的に回転可能である。
図17及び図18を参照すると、回転機構体70′の或る特定の観点が示されている。回転機構体70′は、ハンドル組立体40′のハウジングに対して長手方向に摺動可能な摺動可能スイッチ80と、スイッチ80により長手方向に摺動可能なハブカラー82と、付勢部材又はばね98とを含む。図示の実施形態では、摺動可能スイッチ80は、薄手のビーム、例えばシム部材によりハブカラー82に連結されている。ハブカラー82は、ハンドル組立体40′のハウジングに対して回転的に固定されると共に長手方向に摺動可能である。幾つかの実施形態では、ハブカラー82は、第1及び第2のウィングを有するのが良く、第1及び第2のウィングは、ハンドル組立体のハウジングに設けられた対応の第1及び第2のスロット内で摺動することができ、それによりこれら相互間の相対的長手方向運動を可能にすると共に相対的回転運動を制限することができる。
ハブカラー82は、作動シャフト60′周りに設けられた全体として管状の部材であるのが良い。ハブカラー82は、複数個の傾斜路86が形成された第1の縁部84と複数個の凹部90が形成された第2の縁部88との間に延びるのが良い。図示の実施形態では、ハブカラー82は、第1の縁部84に形成された3つの傾斜路86を有し、各傾斜路は、隣りの傾斜路86から約120°の間隔を置いて位置している。図示のように、ハブカラー82は、第2の縁部88に形成された3つの凹部90を有し、各凹部90は、隣りの凹部86から約120°の間隔を置いて位置している。他の実施形態では、傾斜路86及び凹部90の数及び相対的間隔は、作動シャフト50を図示の実施形態の配向状態とは異なる配向状態相互間で回転させることができるならば様々であって良い。
幾つかの実施形態では、回転機構体70′は、摺動可能スイッチ80及びハブカラー82をハンドル組立体40′のハウジングに対して近位側の位置に付勢するばね98を含むのが良い。
引き続き図17及び図18を参照すると、作動シャフト60′は、ハブカラー82の第1の縁部84に隣接したところでこの作動シャフトから半径方向外方に突き出た第1の複数個の突出部92を有するのが良い。図示の実施形態では、作動シャフトは、各々が隣りの突出部から約120°の間隔を置いて位置する3つの突出部92を有している。作動シャフト60′は、ハブカラー82の第2の縁部88に隣接した位置で作動シャフト60′から半径方向外方に延びる第2の複数個の突出部94を更に有するのが良い。図示の実施形態では、作動シャフト60′は、各々が隣りの突出部から約120°の間隔を置いて位置する3つの突出部94を有している。他の実施形態では、突出部92,94の数及び間隔は、互いに異なる回転特性を備えた回転機構体を達成するよう様々であって良い。幾つかの実施形態では、突出部92,94は、作動シャフト60′上に形成されるのが良く、他方、他の実施形態では、突出部92,94は、例えば作動シャフト60′にくっつけられ、若しくは作動シャフト60′とのキー付き係合部を有し、又は作動シャフト60′に違ったやり方で回転的に固定されたスリーブ上に別々に形成されても良い。
図19〜図25を参照すると、作動シャフト60′を第1の配向状態から第2の配向状態まで回転させる回転機構体70′の作動シーケンスが示されている。図19は、第1の配向状態にあるハブカラー82及び作動シャフト50′の略図である。第1の配向状態では、第2の複数個の突出部94の第1の突出部94aは、複数個の凹部90のうちの第1の凹部90a内に位置し、第1の複数個の突出部のうちの第1の突出部92aは、複数個の傾斜路86のうちの第1の傾斜路86aに隣接して位置している。
図19〜図22を参照すると、摺動可能スイッチ80を遠位側に前進させているときの回転機構体70′の作動シーケンスが示されている。摺動可能スイッチ80をハンドル組立体のハウジングに対して遠位側に前進させているとき、ハブカラー82は、遠位側に並進し、第1の複数個の突出部92をハブカラー82(図20に示されている)の複数個の傾斜路86と摺動関係をなして係合させる。ハンドル組立体のハウジングに対する摺動可能スイッチ80及びハブカラー82のそれ以上の遠位側への前進により、第1の複数個の突出部92は、複数個の傾斜路86(図21及び図22に示されている)上をこれに沿って前進する。傾斜路86の角度的輪郭形状がカム作用面として働き、複数個の傾斜路86に沿う第1の複数個の突出部92の移動により作動シャフト60′が回転する。いったん摺動可能スイッチがその移動の最も遠位側の端に達すると、ばね98は、ハブカラー82及び摺動スイッチ80をハンドル組立体40のハウジングに対して近位側に付勢する。ハブカラー82が近位側の位置まで戻っているとき、第2の複数個の突出部94は、複数個の凹部90(図23〜図25に示されている)に嵌まる。図25に示されているように、摺動可能スイッチ80の作動サイクルに続き、第2の複数個の突出部94のうちの第4の突出部94aは、複数個の凹部のうちの第2の凹部90b内に位置決めされており、その結果、作動シャフト60′は、第1の配向状態から120°回された第2の配向状態に位置決めされている。摺動可能スイッチ80の次の作動サイクルにより、作動シャフトは、不連続な120°刻みで回転する。
他の実施形態では、回転機構体は、作動シャフトに直接連結されたハンドルを含むのが良い。例えば、作動シャフトの近位端部は、ハウジングから近位側に延びるハンドル70″(図1)に連結されるのが良い。長手方向軸線に対するハンドルの回転により、作動シャフトが回転してハンドル組立体を開き/閉じモード、フォワードモード、又はリバースモードのうちの1つのモードに構成する。
本願は、或る特定の好ましい実施形態及び実施例を開示しているが、当業者によれば理解されるように、本発明は、具体的に開示した実施形態を越えて他の変形実施形態及び/又は本発明の使用並びにその自明な改造例及び均等例に及ぶ。さらに、本発明の種々の特徴を単独で又は上記において明示的に説明した本発明の特徴以外の本発明の他の特徴と組み合わせて利用できる。かくして、本明細書に開示した本発明の範囲は、上述の特定の開示した実施形態によって制限されることはなく、以下の特許請求の範囲の公正な読みによってのみ定められるべきである。

Claims (18)

  1. 外科用ステープラであって、
    近位端部及び遠位端部を有すると共に前記近位端部と遠位端部との間に長手方向軸線を定める細長いシャフトを有し、
    前記細長いシャフトの前記遠位端部のところに配置されたジョー組立体を有し、前記ジョー組立体は、
    第1のジョーと、
    第2のジョーと、
    複数個のステープルと、を含み、
    前記ジョー組立体は、閉じ形態、開き形態、及び発火形態のうちの1つに選択的に位置決め可能であり、
    前記細長いシャフトの前記近位端部のところに配置されたハンドル組立体を有し、前記ハンドル組立体は、
    静止ハンドルと、
    可動トリガと、
    作動シャフトと、を含み、前記作動シャフトは、前記作動シャフトの前記長手方向軸線に対して前記ハンドル組立体内で長手方向に摺動可能であると共に前記長手方向軸線に対して前記ハンドル組立体内で回転可能であり、
    前記作動シャフトは、前記ジョー組立体に作動可能に結合され、前記作動シャフトは、前記ジョー組立体の前記開き形態に対応した第1の位置から前記ジョー組立体の前記閉じ形態に対応した第2の位置に第1の方向に長手方向に摺動可能であると共に前記第2の位置から前記発火形態に対応した第3の位置に第1の方向に長手方向に摺動可能であり、
    前記作動シャフトは、前記可動トリガの運動により前記作動シャフトが前記第2の位置から前記第3の位置まで動くように前記作動シャフトが前記可動トリガに作動可能に結合される第1の配向状態と前記可動トリガの運動により前記作動シャフトが前記第3の位置から前記第の位置に動くように前記作動シャフトが前記可動トリガに作動可能に結合される第2の配向状態との間で回転可能である、外科用ステープラ。
  2. 前記可動トリガは、前記静止ハンドルに回動可能に結合されている、請求項1記載の外科用ステープラ。
  3. 前記ハンドル組立体は、
    前記可動トリガに作動可能に結合された前進駆動体と、
    前記可動トリガに作動可能に結合された後退駆動体と、
    前記作動シャフト上に形成され且つ前記作動シャフトに沿って延びる前進面と、
    前記作動シャフト上に形成され且つ前記前進面から角度的にオフセットした場所で前記作動シャフトに沿って延びる後退面とを更に含み、
    前記作動シャフトが前記第1の配向状態にある場合、前記前進駆動体は、前記前進駆動体が前記前進面に係合している状態で前記長手方向軸線に対して遠位側に並進可能であり、前記第2の配向状態では、前記後退駆動体は、前記後退駆動体が前記後退面に係合している状態で前記長手方向軸線に対して近位側に並進可能である、請求項1又は2記載の外科用ステープラ。
  4. 前記前進駆動体は、爪から成り、前記前進面は、前記作動シャフトに沿って形成された第1のラックから成る、請求項3記載の外科用ステープラ。
  5. 前記後退駆動体は、爪から成り、前記後退面は、前記作動シャフトに沿って形成された第2のラックから成る、請求項3又は4記載の外科用ステープラ。
  6. 前記ハンドル組立体は、前記可動トリガに作動可能に結合されたアイドラを更に含み、前記トリガの運動により前記前進駆動体が第1の方向に動くと共に前記後退駆動体が前記第1の方向とは逆の第2の方向に動く、請求項3乃至5のうちいずれか一に記載の外科用ステープラ。
  7. 前記可動トリガは、前記静止ハンドルから間隔を置いた開き位置と前記静止ハンドルに隣接した閉じ位置との間で回動可能であり、
    前記前進駆動体は、前記可動トリガに作動可能に結合され、前記前進駆動体は、前記開き位置から前記閉じ位置への前記可動トリガの運動に応答して前記長手方向軸線に対して遠位側に並進可能であり、
    前記後退駆動体は、前記可動トリガに作動可能に結合され、前記後退駆動体は、前記開き位置から前記閉じ位置への前記可動トリガの運動に応答して前記長手方向軸線に対して近位側に並進可能である、請求項3乃至6のうちいずれか一に記載の外科用ステープラ。
  8. 前記ハンドル組立体は、前記可動トリガに作動可能に結合された開放駆動体を更に含み、前記開放駆動体が前記作動シャフトの開放面に係合しているとき、前記可動トリガを開き位置まで解除することにより前記作動シャフトが前記第2の位置から前記第1の位置に戻される、請求項1乃至7のうちいずれか一に記載の外科用ステープラ。
  9. 前記ハンドル組立体は、前記細長いシャフトに着脱可能に係合するようになったカップラを有する、請求項1乃至8のうちいずれか一に記載の外科用ステープラ。
  10. 前記カップラは、差込み形コネクタを有する、請求項9記載の外科用ステープラ。
  11. 前記作動シャフトを前記第1の配向状態と前記第2の配向状態との間で選択的に回転させる回転機構体を更に含む、請求項1乃至10のうちいずれか一に記載の外科用ステープラ。
  12. 前記回転機構体は、前記作動シャフトに作動可能に結合されていて、前記作動シャフトを前記第1の配向状態と前記第2の配向状態との間で選択的に回転させるセレクタを有する、請求項11記載の外科用ステープラ。
  13. 前記セレクタは、前記作動シャフトの前記長手方向軸線に対して前記ハンドル組立体中を横方向に延びるスライダを有し、前記スライダは、前記作動シャフトが前記第1の配向状態にある第1の位置と前記作動シャフトが前記第2の配向状態にある第2の位置との間で摺動可能である、請求項12記載の外科用ステープラ。
  14. 前記セレクタは、
    前記スライダによって動くことができるラックと、
    前記ラックに係合すると共に前記作動シャフトに回転的に結合された歯車とを更に有する、請求項13記載の外科用ステープラ。
  15. 前記セレクタは、
    前記作動シャフトの前記長手方向軸線に対して選択的に長手方向に摺動可能なスイッチを有し、
    前記スイッチに作動可能に結合されると共に前記ハンドル組立体に回転的に固定され且つ前記作動シャフト回りに位置決めされたハブカラーを有し、前記ハブカラーは、第1の縁部及び第2の縁部を有し、前記ハブカラーは、
    前記第1の縁部に形成された複数個の傾斜路と、
    前記第2の縁部に形成された複数個の凹部と、を有し、
    前記ハブカラーの前記第1の縁部に隣接した場所で前記作動シャフトから半径方向外方に延びる第1の複数個の突出部を有し、
    前記ハブカラーの前記第2の縁部に隣接した場所で前記作動シャフトから半径方向外方に延びる第2の複数個の突出部を有し、
    前記第1の複数個の突出部及び前記第2の複数個の突出部は、前記スイッチを第1の方向に摺動させると前記第1の複数個の突出部の各々が前記傾斜路の各々にそれぞれ対応して係合すると共に前記作動シャフトが前記ハウジングに対して回転し、前記スイッチを前記第1の方向とは逆の第2の方向に戻すと前記第2の複数個の突出部の各々が対応の凹部内に嵌まり込むよう位置決めされている、請求項12記載の外科用ステープラ。
  16. 前記スイッチは、前記第2の方向に付勢されている、請求項15記載の外科用ステープラ。
  17. 前記セレクタは、前記作動シャフトに回転的に固定されたハンドルを有する、請求項12記載の外科用ステープラ。
  18. 前記作動シャフトは、近位端部及び遠位端部を有し、前記ハンドルは、前記作動シャフトの前記近位端部から延びている、請求項17記載の外科用ステープラ。
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