CN101522359B - 用于形成外科缝合器的缝合钉凹座的系统和方法 - Google Patents

用于形成外科缝合器的缝合钉凹座的系统和方法 Download PDF

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CN101522359B
CN101522359B CN2006800313762A CN200680031376A CN101522359B CN 101522359 B CN101522359 B CN 101522359B CN 2006800313762 A CN2006800313762 A CN 2006800313762A CN 200680031376 A CN200680031376 A CN 200680031376A CN 101522359 B CN101522359 B CN 101522359B
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suturing nail
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迈克尔·P·惠特曼
约翰·E·伯班克
唐纳德·马里努斯卡斯
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Abstract

本发明公开了在例如外科缝合器的砧座部上形成缝合钉凹座的系统和方法。激光加工系统可包括激光发射装置,该激光发射装置配置成发射激光束以在外科缝合器的砧座上形成缝合钉凹座。砧座的缝合钉凹座可相继地或同时地形成。外科缝合器的砧座安装在安装机构内以控制其运动,并且激光发射装置由控制模块控制,控制模块可控制发射激光操作的任何方面,例如激光束的强度、激光发射装置相对于砧座的运动等。控制模块可为包括软件的处理器,该软件提供控制模块的操作指令,并且可以是能够由使用者进行编程,以使使用者可输入对应于缝合钉凹座的例如形状、配置等的参数。

Description

用于形成外科缝合器的缝合钉凹座的系统和方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2005年7月27日申请的名称为“System and Method forForming Staple Pockets of a Surgical Stapler”的美国临时专利申请序列号第60/703,493号的优先权,其全部内容以参照方式明确并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于形成缝合钉凹座的系统和方法。更具体地,本发明涉及一种用于在外科缝合器的砧座上形成缝合钉凹座的系统和方法。
背景技术
外科缝合器通常采用其内限定有缝合钉凹座的砧座。缝合钉被抵推着缝合钉凹座而推出缝合钉匣并穿过组织的一部分,缝合钉凹座形成为接收缝合钉的腿部并将缝合钉的腿部渐进地弯折到闭合位置。更具体地,当启动外科缝合器的缝合钉发射机构时,缝合钉被推出缝合钉匣,使得缝合钉的腿部刺透组织的一部分并进入相应的缝合钉凹座。缝合钉发射机构连续操作,使缝合钉的腿部被接收进缝合钉凹座的一个端部内,并沿缝合钉凹座的弯曲状凹槽滑动以依据缝合钉凹座的曲率弯折或成型。最终,各缝合钉的腿部被完全弯折或成型,使得该部分组织被保持在缝合钉的脊部和弯折的缝合钉腿部之间。
传统的在外科缝合器的砧座内形成缝合钉凹座的一个方法是通过压印成型。形成外科缝合钉凹座的传统方法所遇到的一个问题是缝合钉凹座不能足够精确地成型,例如它们不能令人满意地满足外科缝合器中所需的对准、深度和光滑度的小公差。并且,为了形成缝合钉凹座,压印不从砧座表面移除材料,而是将砧座材料从一个位置--例如待形成缝合钉凹座的位置--移动或推动到另一位置--例如通常是在形成缝合钉凹座后紧绕缝合钉凹座的位置。此外,在外科缝合器的砧座内形成外科缝合钉凹座的传统方法可引起砧座的结构断裂,由此损坏外科缝合器并负面地影响外科缝合器的操作。进一步地,在外科缝合器的砧座内形成外科缝合钉凹座的传统方法可能造成形成不均匀的缝合钉凹座表面,使得外科缝合器的操作效率较低。另外,在外科缝合器的砧座内形成外科缝合钉凹座的传统方法可能不能形成不同的或复杂的缝合钉凹座。此外,在外科缝合器的砧座内形成外科缝合钉凹座的传统方法随着时间推移无法提供缝合钉凹座的足够一致性--例如,在一段时间内用于形成多个缝合钉凹座的压印工具会逐渐地遭受磨损,随着时间推移这可造成在整个时间段内形成不同形状的缝合钉。另外,在外科缝合器的砧座内形成外科缝合钉凹座的传统方法不允许对缝合钉凹座的形状进行简易和快速地修改,因为如果需要不同的缝合钉凹座形状则必须设计、制造新的压印工具并将其安装在压印装置内。
发明内容
本发明的示例性实施方式涉及在例如外科缝合器的砧座部上形成缝合钉凹座的系统和方法。在示例性实施方式中,激光加工系统包括激光发射装置,该激光发射装置配置成发射激光束以在外科缝合器的砧座上形成缝合钉凹座。砧座的缝合钉凹座可相继地或同时地形成。外科缝合器的砧座安装在安装机构内以控制其运动,并且激光发射装置由控制模块控制,控制模块可控制发射激光操作的任何方面,例如激光束的强度、激光发射装置相对于砧座的运动等。控制模块可为包括软件的处理器,该软件提供控制模块的操作指令,并且可以是能够由使用者进行编程,以使使用者输入对应于缝合钉凹座的例如形状、配置等的参数。
附图说明
图1(a)是示意性地示出依据本发明的示例性实施方式的激光加工系统的一些组件的图;
图1(b)是可依据本发明示例性实施方式形成的、位于外科缝合器的砧座上的缝合钉凹座装置的一部分的俯视图;
图2(a)是可依据本发明示例性实施方式形成的、位于外科缝合器的砧座上的缝合钉凹座装置的仰视立体图;
图2(b)是图2(a)中所示的缝合钉凹座的一部分的横截面视图;
图3(a)是可依据本发明示例性实施方式形成的、位于外科缝合器的砧座上的另一缝合钉凹座装置的仰视立体图;
图3(b)是图3(a)中所示的缝合钉凹座的一部分的横截面视图;
图4是可依据本发明示例性实施方式形成的、位于外科缝合器的砧座上的另一缝合钉凹座装置的一部分的俯视图;
图5是依据本发明示例性实施方式的、位于外科缝合器的砧座上的缝合钉凹座装置的俯视图;以及
图6是可依据本发明示例性实施方式形成的、位于外科缝合器的砧座上的缝合钉凹座装置的俯视图。
具体实施方式
本文描述用于形成缝合钉凹座的系统和方法。在本发明的示例性实施方式中,涉及用于在外科缝合器的砧座上形成缝合钉凹座的系统和方法。应该注意,虽然本文中结合在外科缝合器的砧座上形成缝合钉凹座为例对本发明的示例性实施方式进行了描述,但本发明的示例性实施方式也可用于在外科装置的其它部分上或其它类型的外科装置上形成缝合钉凹座。
依据本发明的示例性实施方式,缝合钉凹座由激光形成。图1(a)是示意性地示出激光加工系统10的一些组件的图。例如,图1(a)示出激光发射装置100,其配置成发射激光束102(或多个激光束102)。砧座的缝合钉凹座可由单束激光束102相继地形成,或者由激光束102的阵列同时地形成。依据示例性实施方式的激光发射装置100可为CO2型激光发射装置。诸如外科缝合器砧座的工件104安装于安装机构106内以控制工件104的运动。激光发射装置100由控制模块108控制,控制模块108可控制激光加工操作的任何方面。例如,控制模块108可控制激光束102的强度、以及激光发射装置100相对于工件104的运动。控制模块108可为包括软件的处理器,该软件提供控制模块108的操作指令。在示例性实施方式中,控制模块108能够由使用者进行编程,以输入例如对应于缝合钉凹座的形状、配置等。
依据本发明示例性实施方式,利用激光在外科缝合器的砧座内形成缝合钉凹座,可提供优于形成此种缝合钉凹座的传统方法的优点。例如,与形成此种缝合钉凹座的传统方法所能实现的精度级别相比,利用激光在外科缝合器的砧座内形成缝合钉凹座可使缝合钉凹座以更为精确的方式形成。例如,形成此种缝合钉凹座的传统方法是将砧座材料从一个位置--例如待形成缝合钉凹座的位置--移动或推动到另一位置--例如通常是形成缝合钉凹座后紧绕缝合钉凹座的位置。因此,可能造成砧座材料在砧座上的各个位置积聚(例如绕缝合钉凹座的边缘积聚)从而在该位置形成材料唇边。材料的这种积聚会负面地影响砧座的操作,因为所积聚的材料可能会妨碍缝合钉腿部抵住砧座的闭合。并且,砧座材料的这种积聚会在缝合钉凹座内产生不均匀或不光滑的表面。
对比而言,通过利用激光在砧座内形成缝合钉凹座,砧座的材料并不移动到砧座上的另一位置,而是由激光从砧座移除。因此,在砧座上没有留下可能会妨碍砧座操作的积聚材料。此外,利用激光形成缝合钉凹座使得缝合钉凹座在彼此对准的方面、缝合钉凹座的深度和曲率、缝合钉凹座内的表面光滑度等方面能够以小公差或严格的公差形成。由于总体上外科器械的微型化发展,尤其是关于外科缝合器的微型化发展,所以这种高精度愈发重要以确保此种外科器械按照需要地进行操作。
图1(b)是可由激光形成的、位于外科缝合器的砧座上的缝合钉凹座装置的一部分的俯视图。为了清楚起见,仅示出位于刀槽的一侧--例如上侧--的缝合钉凹座装置。图1(b)示出呈矩形形状并呈平行的行排列的缝合钉凹座。通过采用本发明示例性实施方式的激光加工方法,也可提供其它缝合钉凹座配置和缝合钉凹座形状。例如,图2(a)是位于外科缝合器的砧座上的缝合钉凹座装置的仰视立体图。这种缝合钉凹座装置采用陡峭的凹槽壁,该凹槽壁在凹槽的底面附近的部分相对于凹槽壁的其他部分改变成具有平缓的角度。图2(b)是图2(a)所示的缝合钉凹座的一部分的横截面图。图2(b)图示出例如沿竖直方向移动的缝合钉腿部被接收于缝合钉凹座内、且在缝合钉腿部弯折到闭合位置之前的情形。图2(a)和图2(b)中所示的25.4度的角度是缝合钉凹座的表面相对于砧座表面的平面的角度--例如当缝合钉腿部最开始在与缝合钉凹座的纵向边缘相距0.005英寸的位置处被接收入缝合钉凹座内时缝合钉腿部沿其滑动的表面的倾斜角。
在图3(a)和图3(b)中图示出另一可通过利用激光加工方法提供的缝合钉凹座装置。图3(a)是位于外科缝合器的砧座上的另一缝合钉凹座装置的仰视立体图。这种缝合钉凹座装置也采用陡峭的凹槽壁,该凹槽壁在凹槽的底面附近的部分相对于凹槽壁的其他部分改变成具有平缓的角度。图3(b)是图3(a)所示缝合钉凹座的一部分的横截面视图。图3(b)图示出例如沿竖直方向移动的缝合钉腿部被接收于缝合钉凹座内、且在缝合钉腿部弯折到闭合位置之前的情形。图3(a)和图3(b)中所示的37.4度的角度是缝合钉凹座的表面相对于砧座表面的平面的角度--例如当缝合钉腿部最开始在与缝合钉凹座的纵向边缘相距0.005英寸的位置处被接收入缝合钉凹座内时缝合钉腿部沿其滑动的表面的倾斜角。
在图4中图示出另一种可通过利用激光加工方法提供的缝合钉凹座装置。图4是位于外科缝合器的砧座上的缝合钉凹座装置的一部分的俯视图。在这种装置中,在刀槽的各侧上均存在三个纵行的缝合钉凹座。当然,应该理解,依据本发明的示例性实施方式,借助于激光可形成任何的缝合钉凹座形状和配置。
此外,与形成缝合钉凹座的传统方法比较,利用激光在外科缝合器的砧座内形成缝合钉凹座还可以提供如下优点,即:使用激光可降低在制造过程中砧座受损的可能性。如上所述,在外科缝合器的砧座内形成缝合钉凹座的传统方法--例如压印--可能由于施加在砧座上的巨大的力而造成砧座的结构断裂,其中所述力是压印工具为使缝合钉凹座位置处的砧座材料移位而施加在砧座上的。如果在砧座结合入外科缝合器内之前未检测到这些结构断裂,则可能因为例如在使用过程中砧座失效等原因而负面地影响外科缝合器的操作。如果在砧座结合入外科缝合器内之前检测到这些结构断裂,则将需要丢弃该砧座,导致浪费材料并增加制造成本。与之形成对比的是,利用激光在外科缝合器的砧座内形成缝合钉凹座可防止形成结构断裂以及对砧座的其它类型的损坏。
另外,依据本发明的示例性实施方式,利用激光在外科缝合器的砧座内形成缝合钉凹座,可在外科缝合器的砧座内形成不同或复杂的缝合钉凹座形状。如上所述,因为为了形成缝合钉凹座,缝合钉凹座位置处的砧座材料必须被移离缝合钉凹座位置,并且砧座材料的弹性性能可能限制材料可被移动的程度,所以在外科缝合器的砧座内形成缝合钉凹座的传统方法不能形成某些缝合钉凹座形状。与之形成对比的是,利用激光在外科缝合器的砧座内形成缝合钉凹座是从砧座移除材料,而不是仅将材料移到砧座上的另一不同位置,因此可不受砧座材料的弹性性能的限制。因此,缝合钉凹座可由激光形成由传统的形成缝合钉凹座的方法所不能形成的形状。
图5和图6图示出一些可依据本发明各种示例性实施方式形成的不同的缝合钉凹座形状和配置。例如,图5是位于外科缝合器的砧座上的缝合钉凹座装置的俯视图。从上方观察,依据一示例性实施方式的各缝合钉凹座110可具有大致三角形的形状。可选地,如图6所示,当从上方观察时,依据另一示例性实施方式的各缝合钉凹座110可具有类似于“自行车座”的形状,例如为大致三角形并沿其侧面具有一系列凸形和凹形弯曲。也可采用其它的形状,并且在外科缝合器的砧座上可形成任何数量行的缝合钉凹座。因为图5和图6中所示的缝合钉凹座110在接收缝合钉腿部的纵向端部处相对较宽,所以这些缝合钉凹座形状可提供优于其它缝合钉凹座形状的优点,即:它们可消除或至少降低了缝合钉腿部与缝合钉凹座错开的可能性,缝合钉腿部与缝合钉凹座错开的情形可能因例如外科缝合器的具有砧座的第一夹部和外科缝合器的具有配置用于发射缝合钉的匣的第二夹部之间的未对准而产生。这些以及其它缝合钉凹座形状和配置的其它方面在2005年7月27日申请的名称为“Staple Pocket Arrangement for Surgical Stapler”的美国临时专利申请第60/703,262号中、以及2006年7月27日申请的名称为“Staple PocketArrangement for Surgical Stapler”的美国专利申请序列号第__号中有进一步详细的描述,以上专利申请和专利各者的全部内容以参照方式明确并入本文中。
图5和图6中所示的这些缝合钉凹座的形状和配置使得一行缝合钉凹座与相邻的另一行的缝合钉凹座相叠置。例如,如图5和图6所示,相叠置的缝合钉凹座之间的距离相对较小从而最小化了砧座的总宽度。因为缝合钉凹座可用激光精确地形成,利用激光形成这些缝合钉凹座可以在将要形成的相叠置的缝合钉凹座之间实现这种相对较小的宽度。与之形成对比的是,用形成缝合钉凹座的传统方法可能无法实现相叠置的缝合钉凹座之间的相对较小的宽度,因为形成第一个缝合钉凹座的压印工具可能将砧座材料移动或推动进相邻的缝合钉凹座;或者,将会留在相邻的缝合钉凹座之间的少量砧座材料可能被同时形成两个缝合钉凹座的压印工具所施加在其上的力破坏。进一步地,利用激光形成缝合钉凹座,可在缝合钉凹座内提供光滑表面,降低缝合钉腿部在沿缝合钉凹座的表面移动时卡住或歪扭变形的可能性,进而提高缝合钉正确闭合的可能性。
与传统的形成缝合钉凹座的方法相比,利用激光在外科缝合器的砧座内形成缝合钉凹座的优点在于:利用激光可随着时间推移形成具有一致形状的缝合钉凹座。如上所述,传统的在外科缝合器的砧座内形成缝合钉凹座的方法无法提供缝合钉凹座随着时间推移的足够的一致,因为压印工具在使用一段时间之后会受到磨损,从而使压印工具的形状改变。因此,在压印工具寿命的初始阶段时由压印工具所形成的缝合钉凹座可能具有第一形状,而在压印工具寿命的晚期--例如在压印工具遭受磨损并改变了形状之后,由压印工具所形成的缝合钉凹座会具有与第一形状不同的第二形状。与之形成对比的是,无论使用了多少次,由激光发射装置所发射的激光束可一致地施加到砧座材料,因此,利用激光在外科缝合器的砧座内形成缝合钉凹座确保了由激光所形成的连续缝合钉凹座具有一致的形状。
另外,利用激光在外科缝合器的砧座内形成缝合钉凹座,可以在制造过程中容易、快速和/或廉价地对缝合钉凹座的形状进行修改。如上所述,在缝合钉凹座的砧座内形成外科缝合钉凹座的传统方法无法允许容易、快速和/或廉价地对缝合钉凹座的形状进行修改,因为如果需要不同的缝合钉凹座形状,则必须设计、制造新的压印工具并将其安装于压印装置内。因此,如果需要改变缝合钉凹座的形状,则必须花费相当多的时间和精力以形成新的压印工具。与之形成对比的是,激光发射装置100的操作由控制模块108的软件控制,并且缝合钉凹座的形状改变可通过改变软件来实现,或者在将控制模块108配置成接收对应于缝合钉凹座的形状的使用者输入的示例性实施方式中,由使用者为软件提供缝合钉凹座的不同形状参数。
应当理解,可提供其它加工装置替代激光发射装置100。例如,可以提供与使材料移位的加工装置--例如压印装置--不同的、在加工过程中将材料移除的加工装置。此种加工装置的示例包括EDM(放电加工)装置、等离子蚀刻装置等。

Claims (26)

1.一种用于形成多个缝合钉凹座的系统,包括:
配置成安装工件的安装机构;以及
配置成发射激光至所述工件上的激光发射装置,所述激光束在所述工件上形成多个缝合钉凹座,所述多个缝合钉凹座沿着所述工件的纵向轴线呈叠置配置,所述叠置配置包括:
位于第一行的第一缝合钉凹座,所述第一缝合钉凹座沿着所述纵向轴线具有近侧凹槽和远侧凹槽;和
位于第二行的第二缝合钉凹座,所述第二缝合钉凹座沿着所述纵向轴线具有近侧凹槽和远侧凹槽,所述第二行与所述第一行相邻;
其中所述第一缝合钉凹座的所述远侧凹槽与所述第二缝合钉凹座的所述近侧凹槽在垂直于所述纵向轴线的方向上轴向地对准,并且所述第一缝合钉凹座的所述近侧凹槽与所述第二缝合钉凹座的所述远侧凹槽在垂直于所述纵向轴线的方向上轴向地对准。
2.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述工件是外科缝合器的砧座。
3.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述安装机构配置成移动所述工件。
4.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述系统配置成在所述工件上形成大致三角状缝合钉凹座凹槽;或者所述系统配置成在所述工件上形成自行车座状缝合钉凹座凹槽,所述自行车座状缝合钉凹座凹槽为大致三角形并具有凸形和凹形的外周轮廓。
5.如权利要求4所述的系统,其中,所述系统配置成在所述工件上相继地形成所述多个缝合钉凹座。
6.如权利要求4所述的系统,其中,所述系统包括多个激光发射装置,使得所述系统配置成在所述工件上同时地形成所述多个缝合钉凹座。
7.如权利要求1所述的系统,其进一步包括控制模块,所述激光发射装置由所述控制模块控制。
8.如权利要求7所述的系统,其中,所述控制模块配置成控制所述激光束的强度。
9.如权利要求7所述的系统,其中,所述控制模块配置成控制所述激光发射装置相对于所述工件的运动。
10.如权利要求7所述的系统,其中,所述控制模块是包括软件的处理器,所述软件提供所述控制模块的操作指令。
11.如权利要求10所述的系统,其中,所述控制模块能够由使用者进行编程。
12.如权利要求11所述的系统,其中,所述控制模块配置成接收来自使用者的输入参数。
13.如权利要求12所述的系统,其中,所述输入参数包括所述缝合钉凹座的形状和配置中的至少一种。
14.一种用于形成多个缝合钉凹座的方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:
安装工件;
发射激光束至所述工件上;以及
通过所述激光束在所述工件上形成多个所述缝合钉凹座,所述多个所述缝合钉凹座沿着所述工件的纵向轴线呈叠置配置,所述叠置配置包括:
位于第一行的第一缝合钉凹座,所述第一缝合钉凹座沿着所述纵向轴线具有近侧凹槽和远侧凹槽;和
位于第二行的第二缝合钉凹座,所述第二缝合钉凹座沿着所述纵向轴线具有近侧凹槽和远侧凹槽,所述第二行平行于所述第一行;
其中所述第一缝合钉凹座的所述远侧凹槽与所述第二缝合钉凹座的所述近侧凹槽在垂直于所述纵向轴线的方向上轴向地对准,并且所述第一缝合钉凹座的所述近侧凹槽与所述第二缝合钉凹座的所述远侧凹槽在垂直于所述纵向轴线的方向上轴向地对准。
15.如权利要求14所述的方法,其中,所述工件是外科缝合器的砧座。
16.如权利要求14所述的方法,其进一步包括移动所述工件的步骤。
17.如权利要求14所述的方法,其中,在所述工件上形成所述缝合钉凹座的步骤包括:在所述工件上形成大致三角状缝合钉凹座凹槽;或者在所述工件上形成自行车座状缝合钉凹座凹槽,所述自行车座状缝合钉凹座凹槽为大致三角形并具有凸形和凹形的外周轮廓。
18.如权利要求17所述的方法,其中,在所述工件上相继地形成所述多个缝合钉凹座。
19.如权利要求17所述的方法,其中,通过同时发射多束激光束,在所述工件上同时地形成所述多个缝合钉凹座。
20.如权利要求14所述的方法,其进一步包括通过控制模块控制所述激光束的发射的步骤。
21.如权利要求20所述的方法,其中,控制所述激光束的发射的步骤包括控制所述激光束的强度。
22.如权利要求20所述的方法,其中,控制所述激光束的发射的步骤包括控制所述激光束相对于所述工件的运动。
23.如权利要求20所述的方法,其中,所述控制模块是包括软件的处理器,其中,所述方法进一步包括提供所述控制模块的操作指令的步骤。
24.如权利要求23所述的方法,其进一步包括使用者对所述控制模块进行编程的步骤。
25.如权利要求24所述的方法,其中,对所述控制模块进行编程的步骤包括接收来自所述使用者的输入参数。
26.如权利要求24所述的方法,其中,接收来自所述使用者的输入参数的步骤包括接收所述缝合钉凹座的形状和配置中的至少一种。
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US20070056932A1 (en) 2007-03-15
EP1912571B1 (en) 2016-12-21
CN101522359A (zh) 2009-09-02
JP5042222B2 (ja) 2012-10-03
EP1912571A4 (en) 2014-08-27
JP2009502357A (ja) 2009-01-29
WO2007014353A9 (en) 2008-05-29
EP1912571A2 (en) 2008-04-23
CA2617120A1 (en) 2007-02-01
WO2007014353A2 (en) 2007-02-01
CA2617120C (en) 2014-10-07

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