JP6290872B2 - cBN材料の製造方法 - Google Patents
cBN材料の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6290872B2 JP6290872B2 JP2015514531A JP2015514531A JP6290872B2 JP 6290872 B2 JP6290872 B2 JP 6290872B2 JP 2015514531 A JP2015514531 A JP 2015514531A JP 2015514531 A JP2015514531 A JP 2015514531A JP 6290872 B2 JP6290872 B2 JP 6290872B2
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- tin
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 86
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 88
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910009043 WC-Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910008947 W—Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical group [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009694 cold isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002173 cutting fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012254 powdered material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011172 small scale experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003826 uniaxial pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
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Description
特許文献2は、Ti(CNO)z原料(ここで、zは化学量論値より小さい)が、金属バインダー相とともに使用できるPcBN又はPCD材料を開示する。
特許文献3は、cBNと、バインダーマトリックスと、及び超合金と、を含む立方晶窒化ホウ素材料を開示する。
本発明の他の目的は、クラック形成に対する抵抗力の向上したcBN材料を得ることである。
本発明のさらに別の目的は、工具寿命を向上するcBN材料を提供することである。
cBN粒子と、アルミニウムと、Ti(CxNyOz)a粉末(ここで、0.05≦z≦0.4である)とを含む粉末混合物を提供する工程と、
前記粉末混合物を粉砕(milling)して粉末配合物を形成する工程と、
前記粉末配合物を成形して成形体(green body)を形成する工程と、
前記性形体を、650〜950℃の温度で予備焼結工程に付して、予備焼結体を形成する工程と、そして
前記予備焼結体をHPHT処理してcBN材料を形成する工程と、
を含む方法に関する。
cBN材料は、表1に開示された原料から作成された。Ti(CxNyOz)a原料の化学量論量を、X線蛍光法(XRF、Philips PW2404装置を半定量モードIQ+で使用した)及びLECO法(NとOはLECO C436DRを使用して分析し、CはLECOCS444を使用して分析した)により分析した。表1の本発明1〜5の原料を粉砕した。しかし、本発明1〜3及び5はボール粉砕中で粉砕し、一方、本発明4はアトライタミル中でミリングした。Ti(CxNyOz)a原料を、0.0024m3(2.4リットル)のボール粉砕(本発明1〜3及び5)中の99.5%エタノールで、粉砕体と粉末の間で粉砕液と粉末重量比3:4と8:1(乾燥重量)で、15時間粉砕した。粉砕体は、17.4wt%のW、17.5wt%のCo、50.7wt%のTi、9.83wt%のC、及び4.84wt%のNの組成を有した。最初の15時間の粉砕後、アルミニウムとcBNを表1の量で加え、粉砕をさらに10時間続けた。本発明4を摩擦(attritor))粉砕中の99.5%エタノールで、粉砕体と粉末の間で粉砕液と粉末重量比3:4と8:1(乾燥重量)で、粉砕中の開始からのすべての原料を用いて15時間粉砕した。本発明4について、本発明1〜3及び5と同じ組成を有する粉砕体を使用した。
表3に開示されるような原料から比較材料を、実施例1と同じプロセス工程(すなわちミリング、乾燥、プレス、予備焼結、HPHT処理)を使用して作製した。
実施例1及び2に従って作成したcBN材料を、以下の条件で旋削加工によって試験をした。
ワーク材(被削材): 8620ケース焼入れ鋼(硬度RC55−63)
加工: 平面削り
切削速度: 200m/分
送り量: 0.2mm/rev
切込みの深さ: 0.15mm
切削長: 113mm
パスごとの切削時間: 1.2mm
切削液: なし(乾式)
300gのcBN、154.5gのssTiN、及び13.5gのAlから比較cBN材料を、実施例1と同じプロセス工程(すなわち粉砕、乾燥、プレス、予備焼結、HPHT処理)を用いて作成した。次に、後方散乱SEM画像の画像解析を用いて、可視のW−Co及び/又はWC−Coアイランド(すなわちW及び/又はCoを含むアイランド)の量の検討を行った。cBN材料の選択された領域の約80×50μmをカバーする画像を与える、10kVの加速電圧、10mmの作動距離、及び5000倍拡大を使用するRBSE(レトロ後方散乱)モードのSEM画像を使用した。コントラストと明るさは、SEM画像で、cBN粒子が黒色で、TiC、TiN、及び/又はTiCN粒子が灰色で、W及び/又はCoを含むアイランドが白色であるように設定される。これらの分析されたSEM画像の1つが図4に示される。SEM画像は線形切片法を使用して画像を分析して、画像中の白色アイランドの面積を求めることにより分析した。すべての水平及び垂直の画素列が分析され、W及び/又はCoを含む白色アイランドは、グレースケール(ここで、黒色は0であり、純粋な白色は256である)で184よりも大きな輝度値を有すると定義される。10個のSEM画像の平均では、W及び/又はCoを含むアイランド(ミリング体の残留物)の面積は、cBN材料の総面積の1.19%(標準偏差0.13)であった。この複合体のW含有量は、HPHT処理前の予備焼結体についてXRFにより測定して3.8wt%であった。XRF機器は、Philips PW2404装置を半定量モードのIQ+(バランスはホウ素)で使用した。すなわち上記定義に従うと、割合Fの平均値は1.19であり、含有量Cは3.8であった。従って商Q=(割合Fの平均値)/(含有量C)は、0.312であった。
Claims (13)
- cBN材料の製造方法であって、
cBN粒子と、アルミニウムと、Ti(CxNyOz)a粉末とを含む粉末混合物を提供する工程と、
前記粉末混合物を粉砕して粉末配合物を形成する工程と、
前記粉末配合物を成形して成形体を形成する工程と、
前記成形体を650〜950℃の温度で予備焼結して、予備焼結体を形成する工程と、
前記予備焼結体を高圧高温処理してcBN材料を形成する工程と、
を含み、
前記Ti(CxNyOz)a粉末について、0.05≦z≦0.4であり、
Wが、Wの量が前記cBN材料の1〜12wt%であるように添加され、Coが、Coの量が前記cBN材料の0.5〜9wt%であるように添加され、W/Co重量比が1.0〜2.0であることを特徴とする方法。 - 前記Ti(CxNyOz)a粉末が、前記粉末混合物の総乾燥粉末重量の10〜70wt%の量で提供される請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記Ti(CxNyOz)a粉末について、0.01≦x≦0.95、0≦y≦0.95、及び0.05≦z≦0.4である、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記Ti(CxNyOz)a粉末について、0.3≦x≦0.95、0≦y≦0.5、及び0.05≦z≦0.3である請求項1〜3の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記Ti(CxNyOz)a粉末について、0.9≦a≦1.1である請求項1〜4の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- アルミニウムが、前記粉末混合物の総乾燥粉末重量の1〜10wt%の量で提供される請求項1〜5の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記Ti(CxNyOz)a粉末の一部が、化学量論的TiC、TiN、及び/又はTiCNにより代替される請求項1〜6の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 粉砕液を前記粉末混合物に加えてスラリーを形成し、粉砕の後に乾燥操作を行って前記粉末配合物を形成する請求項1〜7の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記乾燥操作が噴霧乾燥により行われる請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記予備焼結が850℃〜930℃の温度で行われる請求項1〜9の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記高圧高温処理が、5.5〜7.5GPaの圧力と1300〜1600℃の温度で行われる請求項1〜10の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- cBN粒子と、Al2O3相と、TiC、TiN及び/又はTiCNのバインダー相と、Wと、Coとを含むcBN材料であって、
前記cBN材料の商Qが<0.25であり、
ここで、前記商Qが割合Fの平均値と含有量Cとの間の商であり、前記割合Fが、2000〜8000倍拡大のcBN材料のSEM画像において、W及び/又はCoを含むアイランドの総面積がcBN材料の総面積に対して占める割合%であり、前記割合Fの平均値は、cBN材料の選択された領域を撮影したSEM画像の10枚の異なる割合Fに基づいて算出され、前記含有量Cが、前記cBN材料中の前記Wの含有量(wt%)であることを特徴とするcBN材料。 - 商Qが<0.15である請求項12に記載のcBN材料。
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JP5880598B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-06 | 2016-03-09 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 焼結体および焼結体を用いた切削工具 |
GB201412809D0 (en) | 2014-07-18 | 2014-09-03 | Element Six Abrasives Sa | Method of making super-hard articles |
FI128311B (en) | 2017-02-17 | 2020-03-13 | Teknologian Tutkimuskeskus Vtt Oy | A process for making a carbide powder and a carbide powder |
US10406654B2 (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2019-09-10 | Diamond Innovations, Inc. | PcBN compact for machining of ferrous alloys |
JP7068657B2 (ja) * | 2018-08-21 | 2022-05-17 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 立方晶窒化ほう素基焼結体製切削工具 |
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TW202323547A (zh) | 2021-12-13 | 2023-06-16 | 美商合銳材料科技公司 | 具有高熵合金黏合劑之燒結碳化物及金屬陶瓷組成物 |
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JPH0621315B2 (ja) * | 1986-01-06 | 1994-03-23 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | cBN焼結体およびその製造方法 |
JPS6411939A (en) | 1987-07-07 | 1989-01-17 | Nachi Fujikoshi Corp | High hard sintered body for tool containing wurtzite type boron nitride |
US5011514A (en) * | 1988-07-29 | 1991-04-30 | Norton Company | Cemented and cemented/sintered superabrasive polycrystalline bodies and methods of manufacture thereof |
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US5697994A (en) * | 1995-05-15 | 1997-12-16 | Smith International, Inc. | PCD or PCBN cutting tools for woodworking applications |
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US20050145067A1 (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2005-07-07 | Hall David R. | Infiltrated cobalt attachment ring for a CBN sintered body and its fabrication process |
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