JP6143867B2 - 触媒成形体を処理する方法および高められた機械的強度を有する触媒成形体 - Google Patents
触媒成形体を処理する方法および高められた機械的強度を有する触媒成形体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6143867B2 JP6143867B2 JP2015527891A JP2015527891A JP6143867B2 JP 6143867 B2 JP6143867 B2 JP 6143867B2 JP 2015527891 A JP2015527891 A JP 2015527891A JP 2015527891 A JP2015527891 A JP 2015527891A JP 6143867 B2 JP6143867 B2 JP 6143867B2
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 146
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 55
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
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- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- DUFCMRCMPHIFTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(dimethylsulfamoyl)-2-methylfuran-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CN(C)S(=O)(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C)O1 DUFCMRCMPHIFTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
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- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001345 alkine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005913 hydroamination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B01J37/0072—Preparation of particles, e.g. dispersion of droplets in an oil bath
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
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Description
a)完成された触媒成形体を準備する工程、
b)完成された触媒成形体を、解膠助剤で、触媒成形体の理論吸水量を上回らない液体量において含浸する工程、
c)50〜250℃で含浸された触媒成形体を熱処理する工程、
d)250〜600℃で熱処理された触媒成形体を焼成する工程。
a)完成された触媒成形体を準備する工程、
b)完成された触媒成形体を、解膠助剤で、触媒成形体の理論吸水量を上回らない液体量において含浸する工程、
c)50〜250℃で含浸された触媒成形体を熱処理する工程、
d)250〜600℃で熱処理された触媒成形体を焼成する工程。
WO2010/121974A2の例1に従って、酸化アルミニウムを用いてストランド状に成形されたホウ素‐β‐ゼオライト成形体を製造した。平均切断硬度は37Nであり、かつ成形体は、水銀ポロシメトリーで算出された細孔体積0.42ml/g(触媒1a)を有していた。そのように製造されたこの触媒を、Rotavapor(Buechi社の商品名)内で10%のアンモニア水溶液を用いて理論吸水量(最大値)まで含浸し、かつ2時間室温にて静置した。その後回転しながらかつ真空内で触媒を150℃で乾燥した。引き続きそのように乾燥された触媒を、回転フラスコ内へ移し、かつ450℃で回転しながら2時間焼成した。得られた触媒(触媒1b)の平均切断硬度は、105Nと測定され、これは2.83倍の向上に相当する。触媒は、水銀ポロシメトリーで算出された細孔体積0.43ml/gを有していた。
WO2010/121974A2の例1に従って、酸化アルミニウムを用いてストランド状に成形されたホウ素‐β‐ゼオライト成形体を製造した。平均切断硬度は37N(触媒1a)であった。そのように製造されたこの触媒を、Rotavapor内で、成形体の理論吸水量の2倍(最大値の2倍)に相当する、10%のアンモニア水溶液で過剰量で含浸し、かつ2時間室温にて静置した。その後回転させながらかつ真空内で触媒を150℃で乾燥した。引き続きそのように乾燥された触媒を、回転フラスコ内へ移し、かつ450℃で回転させながら2時間焼成した。得られた触媒の平均切断硬度は、47Nと測定され、これは1.27倍の向上に相当する。
pH5.7および温度70℃で、硝酸ニッケル溶液(NiO含有率17.4%)29.4kg、硝酸銅溶液(CuO含有率19.3%)8.8kgおよび酢酸ジルコニウム溶液(ZrO2含有率18.7%)16.3kgからなる金属塩溶液を、20%の炭酸ナトリウム溶液で沈殿させた。金属塩溶液の消費後、pHをソーダ溶液で7.4に調整した。12時間の撹拌および室温への冷却後得られた懸濁液を濾過し、かつ濾過ケーキを濾過ケーキ中(900℃での熱処理後)0.1%未満のナトリウム含有率を得るまで蒸留水で洗浄した。洗浄された濾過ケーキを、120℃で12時間乾燥し、続いて480℃で3時間焼成した。そのように得られた粉末を、黒鉛3%と混合し、かつタブレット成形機上で6×3mmのタブレットへとプレス成形した。この触媒2a)の平均側面圧縮強度は、105Nであった。
pH5.7および温度70℃で、硝酸ニッケル溶液(NiO含有率17.4%)29.4kg、硝酸銅溶液(CuO含有率19.3%)8.8kgおよび酢酸ジルコニウム溶液(ZrO2含有率18.7%)16.3kgからなる金属塩溶液を、20%の炭酸ナトリウム溶液で沈殿させた。金属塩溶液の消費後、pHをソーダ溶液で7.4に調整した。12時間の撹拌および室温への冷却後、得られた懸濁液を濾過し、かつ濾過ケーキを濾過ケーキ中(900℃での熱処理後)0.1%未満のナトリウム含有率を得るまで蒸留水で洗浄した。洗浄された濾過ケーキを、120℃で12時間乾燥し、続いて480℃で3時間焼成した。そのように得られた粉末を、黒鉛3%と混合し、かつタブレット成形機上で6×3mmのタブレットへとプレス成形した。この触媒2a)の平均側面圧縮強度は105Nであり、かつ成形体は水銀ポロシメトリーで算出された細孔体積0.18ml/gを有していた。
触媒2a)を5%の硝酸水溶液で理論吸水量まで含浸し、かつ2時間室温で静置した。その後触媒を、真空において150℃で乾燥した。続いてそのように乾燥された触媒を、450℃で2時間焼成した。得られた触媒3)の平均側面圧縮強度は、300Nと測定され、これは2.85倍の向上に相当する。触媒は、水銀ポロシメトリーで算出された細孔体積0.21ml/gを有していた。
TiO27.8kg(Finnti社、S150、86%)を、チロース33g(Clariant社、H4000、G4)、ステアリン酸65g並びに3%の硝酸250gおよび水2.4kgと一緒にエッジミル内で押出成形可能な材料に加工し、かつ押出成形機内で1.5mmのストランドへ成形した。得られたストランドを、120℃で12時間乾燥し、続いて400℃で焼成した。この触媒の平均切断硬度は11Nであり、かつ成形体は水銀ポロシメトリーで算出された細孔体積0.32ml/gを有していた。
pH5.8および温度80℃で、硝酸銅溶液(CuO含有率19.3%)7.1kgおよび硝酸アルミニウム溶液(Al2O3含有率8.1%)13.8kgからなる金属塩溶液を、20%の炭酸ナトリウム溶液で沈殿させた。金属塩溶液の消費後、pHをソーダ溶液で8.1に調整した。12時間の撹拌および室温への冷却後、得られた懸濁液を濾過し、かつ濾過ケーキを、濾過ケーキ中(900℃での熱処理後)1%未満のナトリウム含有率を得るまで蒸留水で洗浄した。洗浄された濾過ケーキを、120℃で12時間乾燥し、続いて350℃で3時間焼成した。そのように得られた粉末を、黒鉛3%と混合し、かつタブレット成形機上で3×3mmのタブレットへとプレス成形した。この触媒2a)の平均側面圧縮強度は56Nであり、成形体は、水銀ポロシメトリーで算出された細孔体積0.41ml/gを有していた。
pH7.0および温度70℃で、硝酸コバルト溶液(Co3O4含有率17.1%)14.7kgからなる金属塩溶液を、20%の炭酸ナトリウム溶液で沈殿させた。12時間の撹拌および室温への冷却後、得られた懸濁液を濾過し、かつ濾過ケーキを、濾過ケーキ中(900℃での熱処理後)3%未満のナトリウム含有率を得るまで蒸留水で洗浄した。洗浄された濾過ケーキを、120℃で12時間乾燥し、続いて500℃で3時間焼成した。そのように得られたこの粉末2kgを、Sires MSE 100を0.69kg、Walocelを26.9kg、56%の硝酸270g並びに水250gと共に混練機中で押出成形可能な材料へと加工し、かつストランド成形機で4mmのストランドへと成形した。得られたストランドを、120℃で12時間乾燥し、続いて570℃で焼成した。この触媒の平均切断硬度は59Nであった。
例1)は、本発明による方法が、触媒成形体の格段に高められた機械的強度をもたらすことを明確に示している。同時に、比較試験におけるt‐ブチルアミンの合成に基づき、触媒の化学的性能を妨げることなしに機械的強度を向上することができることが証明される。
Claims (15)
- 以下の方法工程を含む、触媒成形体を処理する方法:
a)完成された触媒成形体を準備する工程、
b)前記完成された触媒成形体を、解膠助剤で、前記触媒成形体の理論吸水量を上回らない液体量において含浸する工程、その際、解膠助剤としてアンモニア溶液または硝酸溶液を使用する、
c)50〜250℃で含浸された前記触媒成形体を熱処理する工程、
d)250〜600℃で熱処理された前記触媒成形体を焼成する工程。 - 解膠助剤としてアンモニア水溶液または硝酸水溶液を使用する、請求項1記載の方法。
- 方法工程b)の後に更に以下の工程を含む、請求項1または2記載の方法:
bb)前記解膠助剤を最大10時間作用させる工程。 - 方法工程c)における前記熱処理を、常圧下または真空下、または堆積させた前記触媒成形体を静止した状態でまたは動かしながら行う、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 方法工程c)における前記熱処理を、0.1〜0.9バールで行う、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 方法工程d)における焼成を、堆積させた前記触媒成形体を静止した状態でまたは動かしながら行う、請求項1から5までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 触媒成形体として、押出成形体またはタブレットまたは顆粒物を使用する、請求項1から6までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒成形体用の触媒として、不均一系触媒を使用する、請求項1から7までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒は、ゼオライトから選択される、請求項1から8までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒は、ホウ素‐β‐ゼオライト、NiO/CoO/CuO/ZrO2、TiO2、CuO/Al2O3またはCo3O4/SiO2から選択される、請求項1から8までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- アミンを製造するための、請求項1から10までのいずれか1項に記載の方法により得られた前記触媒成形体の使用。
- 固定床反応器または流動床反応器における、請求項1から10までのいずれか1項に記載の方法により得られた前記触媒成形体の使用。
- 請求項1から10までのいずれか1項に記載の方法により得られた触媒成形体の存在下での化学合成法。
- 合成が、アンモニアまたは第一級もしくは第二級アミンとオレフィンとの高められた温度および圧力での反応によるアミンの製造である、請求項13に記載の化学合成法。
- 合成が、不飽和炭化水素、アルコール類、カルボニル化合物、ニトロ化合物またはニトリルと水素および/またはアンモニアとの反応である、請求項13に記載の化学合成法。
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