JP6104761B2 - 炭化水素油の製造方法 - Google Patents
炭化水素油の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6104761B2 JP6104761B2 JP2013180565A JP2013180565A JP6104761B2 JP 6104761 B2 JP6104761 B2 JP 6104761B2 JP 2013180565 A JP2013180565 A JP 2013180565A JP 2013180565 A JP2013180565 A JP 2013180565A JP 6104761 B2 JP6104761 B2 JP 6104761B2
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- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims description 21
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims description 21
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 304
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 97
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 97
- 238000007324 demetalation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910021476 group 6 element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910021472 group 8 element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 89
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 60
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 39
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 32
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 22
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 21
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 14
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 8
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 5
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 hashium Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940078552 o-xylene Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003682 vanadium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003296 Ni-Mo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004993 emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021478 group 5 element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002391 heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Mo] DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003027 oil sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910021477 seaborgium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butylidene Natural products CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G45/02—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing
- C10G45/04—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G45/06—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof
- C10G45/08—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G67/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only
- C10G67/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only
- C10G67/04—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including solvent extraction as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Description
反応温度(脱メタル触媒の温度):350〜450℃。より好ましくは350〜410℃。
反応場における水素ガスの分圧:5〜25MPa。より好ましくは10〜20MPa。
液空間速度(LHSV):0.1〜3.0h−1。より好ましくは0.1〜2.0h−1。
水素/油比:400〜1500Nm3/m3。より好ましくは500〜1200Nm3/m3。
反応温度(脱硫触媒の温度):350〜450℃。より好ましくは350〜430℃。
反応場における水素ガスの分圧:5〜25MPa。より好ましくは10〜20MPa。
液空間速度(LHSV):0.1〜3.0h−1。より好ましくは0.1〜2.0h−1。
水素/油比:400〜1500Nm3/m3。より好ましくは500〜1200Nm3/m3。
液空間速度が上記上限値以下である場合、脱メタル触媒及び脱硫触媒が失活し難く、反応温度を低い水準に維持し易い。
以下の手順で、溶剤脱れき油のみを用いた脱メタル工程及び脱硫工程を実施した。
硫黄分の含有率: 4.7質量%。
バナジウムの含有率: 42質量ppm。
ニッケルの含有率: 21質量ppm。
アスファルテンの含有率: 0.2質量%。
15℃における密度: 1.01g/cm3。
100℃における動粘度: 456mm2/s。
残炭分の含有率: 14.4質量%。
窒素分の含有率: 0.24質量%。
硫黄分の含有率: JIS K2541「原油及び石油製品−硫黄分試験方法」。
バナジウム及びニッケルの含有率: JIS K0116「発光分光分析通則」。
アスファルテンの含有率: IP−143(ASTM D6560)「Determination of Asphaltenes in Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products」。
15℃における密度: JIS K2249「原油及び石油製品−密度試験方法及び密度・質量・容量換算法」。
100℃における動粘度: JIS K2283「原油及び石油製品−動粘度試験方法及び粘度指数算出方法」。
残炭分の含有率: JIS K2270「原油及び石油製品−残留炭素分試験方法」。
窒素分の含有率: JIS K2609「原油及び石油製品‐窒素分試験方法」。
移動相: テトラヒドロフラン(THF)及びo−キシレンの混合溶媒。
移動相におけるTHFとo−キシレンとの体積比: 30%:70%。
移動層の流速: 0.8mL/min。
測定時間: 20分。
カラム(column)の種類: ShodexTM KF−G及びKF−803。
カラムのオーブンの温度:40℃
RI attenuator: ×4。
RI polarity: +。
*装置名: アジレント社製のHP1100。
観測高さ: 20.0mm。
RF出力: 1.5kW。
光電子増倍管の電圧: 高。
測定波長: 309.311nm。
分光器: R。
A/D attenuator: 1/4。
*装置名: SIIナノテクノロジー社製のSPS3100。
初期の反応温度(各触媒層の温度)
第一触媒層及び第二触媒層(脱メタル触媒): 360℃。
第三触媒層(脱硫触媒): 370℃。
反応塔内の水素ガスの分圧: 14.4MPa。
液空間速度: 0.44h−1。
水素/油比: 900Nm3/m3。
実施例2及び3、並びに比較例1〜4では、第一触媒層及び第二触媒層の体積の合計(脱メタル触媒の全体積)に占める第一触媒層(低反応性触媒)の体積の割合を表1に示す値に調整した。また、実施例2及び3、並びに比較例1〜4では、第一触媒層及び第二触媒層の体積の合計(脱メタル触媒の全体積)に占める第二触媒層(高反応性触媒)の体積の割合を表1に示す値に調整した。各触媒層の体積の割合以外は実施例1と同様に、実施例2及び3、並びに比較例1〜4の脱メタル工程及び脱硫工程を実施した。なお、比較例1では、脱メタル触媒として、第一触媒層(低反応性触媒)を用いず、第二触媒層(高反応性触媒)のみを用いた。一方、実施例3では、脱メタル触媒として、第二触媒層(高反応性触媒)を用いず、第一触媒層(低反応性触媒)のみを用いた。
Claims (5)
- 溶剤脱れき油のみを、水素ガスの存在下で脱メタル触媒に接触させる、脱メタル工程と、
前記脱メタル工程を経た溶剤脱れき油を水素ガスの存在下で脱硫触媒に接触させる、脱硫工程と、
を備え、
前記脱メタル触媒は、少なくとも低反応性触媒及び高反応性触媒を含み、
前記脱メタル触媒全体に占める前記低反応性触媒の体積の割合が、50体積%以上であり、
前記低反応性触媒は、多孔質の担体と、前記担体に担持された第VI族元素と、を有し、
前記高反応性触媒は、多孔質の担体と、前記担体に担持された第VI族元素及び第VIII族元素と、を有し、
前記低反応性触媒における第VIII族元素の触媒質量基準の含有率が、前記高反応性触媒における第VIII族元素の触媒質量基準の含有率よりも低く、
前記低反応性触媒における第VI族元素の酸化物の触媒質量基準の含有率が、1質量%以上8質量%未満であり、
前記低反応性触媒における第VIII族元素の酸化物の触媒質量基準の含有率が、0質量%以上1質量%未満である、
炭化水素油の製造方法。 - 前記低反応性触媒における第VI族元素の触媒質量基準の含有率が、前記高反応性触媒における第VI族元素の触媒質量基準の含有率よりも低い、
請求項1に記載の炭化水素油の製造方法。 - 第VI族元素が、モリブデン又はタングステンのうち少なくともいずれか一種であり、
第VIII族元素が、ニッケル又はコバルトのうち少なくともいずれか一種である、
請求項1又は2に記載の炭化水素油の製造方法。 - 前記脱メタル工程において、
反応温度が、350〜450℃であり、
前記水素ガスの分圧が、5〜25MPaであり、
液空間速度が、0.1〜3.0h−1であり、
水素/油比が、400〜1500Nm3/m3である、
請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の炭化水素油の製造方法。 - 前記脱硫工程において、
反応温度が、350〜450℃であり、
前記水素ガスの分圧が、5〜25MPaであり、
液空間速度が、0.1〜3.0h−1であり、
水素/油比が、400〜1500Nm3/m3である、
請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の炭化水素油の製造方法。
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JP2013180565A JP6104761B2 (ja) | 2013-08-30 | 2013-08-30 | 炭化水素油の製造方法 |
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JPH11279566A (ja) * | 1998-03-31 | 1999-10-12 | Nippon Mitsubishi Oil Corp | 超低硫黄重質油の製造方法 |
JP4260477B2 (ja) * | 2000-10-24 | 2009-04-30 | 日揮株式会社 | 精製油およびその製造方法 |
FR2839902B1 (fr) * | 2002-05-24 | 2007-06-29 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Catalyseur d'hydroraffinage et/ou d'hydroconversion et son utilisation dans des procedes d'hydrotraitement de charges hydrocarbonees |
JP2008093493A (ja) * | 2006-10-05 | 2008-04-24 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 脱メタル触媒及びそれを用いた重質油の水素化処理方法 |
JP4818163B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-01 | 2011-11-16 | 日揮触媒化成株式会社 | アルミナ担体及びそれを用いた水素化脱金属触媒並びにそれらの製造方法 |
JP2010201281A (ja) * | 2009-02-27 | 2010-09-16 | Jgc Catalysts & Chemicals Ltd | 炭化水素油の水素化脱金属触媒及びそれを用いた水素化処理方法 |
JP5751876B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-22 | 2015-07-22 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 重質油の水素化精製方法 |
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