JP6100783B2 - ナノ構造の多周期領域を有するoled光抽出フィルム - Google Patents
ナノ構造の多周期領域を有するoled光抽出フィルム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6100783B2 JP6100783B2 JP2014528440A JP2014528440A JP6100783B2 JP 6100783 B2 JP6100783 B2 JP 6100783B2 JP 2014528440 A JP2014528440 A JP 2014528440A JP 2014528440 A JP2014528440 A JP 2014528440A JP 6100783 B2 JP6100783 B2 JP 6100783B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- nanostructure
- nanostructures
- pitch
- region
- light extraction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 title claims description 79
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims description 36
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 61
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 44
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound COCC(C)O ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002120 nanofilm Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940123973 Oxygen scavenger Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007753 roll-to-roll coating process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001275 scanning Auger electron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002207 thermal evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCKZAVNWRLEHIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-1-[4-[[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoyl)phenyl]methyl]phenyl]-2-methylpropan-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)C(C)(O)C)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(C(=O)C(C)(C)O)C=C1 PCKZAVNWRLEHIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFPJFKYCVYXDJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diphenylphosphine oxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[P+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 YFPJFKYCVYXDJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- VFHVQBAGLAREND-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylphosphoryl-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)methanone Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(=O)P(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 VFHVQBAGLAREND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
- H10K50/115—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers comprising active inorganic nanostructures, e.g. luminescent quantum dots
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y20/00—Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
- H10K50/125—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light
- H10K50/13—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light comprising stacked EL layers within one EL unit
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K50/856—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising reflective means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K50/858—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising refractive means, e.g. lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
- G02B6/0053—Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/218,610 US8659221B2 (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2011-08-26 | OLED light extraction film with multi-periodic zones of nanostructures |
| US13/218,610 | 2011-08-26 | ||
| PCT/US2012/051548 WO2013032759A1 (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2012-08-20 | Oled light extraction film with multi-periodic zones of nanostructures |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2014529169A JP2014529169A (ja) | 2014-10-30 |
| JP2014529169A5 JP2014529169A5 (enExample) | 2015-10-08 |
| JP6100783B2 true JP6100783B2 (ja) | 2017-03-22 |
Family
ID=47743504
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014528440A Expired - Fee Related JP6100783B2 (ja) | 2011-08-26 | 2012-08-20 | ナノ構造の多周期領域を有するoled光抽出フィルム |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8659221B2 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP2748879A4 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP6100783B2 (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR102046367B1 (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN103765625B (enExample) |
| SG (1) | SG11201400175UA (enExample) |
| TW (1) | TWI581476B (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2013032759A1 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (35)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20130026883A (ko) * | 2011-09-06 | 2013-03-14 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 전자 장치 및 그 외부 심볼 제작 방법 |
| TWI477824B (zh) * | 2011-12-27 | 2015-03-21 | Asahi Kasei E Materials Corp | Optical substrate and light emitting device |
| KR102079583B1 (ko) | 2012-02-28 | 2020-04-07 | 쓰리엠 이노베이티브 프로퍼티즈 컴파니 | 광학 커플링 층에 적합한 표면 개질된 고굴절률 나노입자를 포함하는 조성물 |
| CN104813500B (zh) | 2012-08-22 | 2018-07-24 | 3M创新有限公司 | 透明oled光提取 |
| US9249014B2 (en) * | 2012-11-06 | 2016-02-02 | Infineon Technologies Austria Ag | Packaged nano-structured component and method of making a packaged nano-structured component |
| JP5862558B2 (ja) * | 2012-12-28 | 2016-02-16 | 王子ホールディングス株式会社 | 発光素子 |
| US8995807B1 (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2015-03-31 | Modilis Holdings Llc | Laminated light guide collimator |
| KR20150012520A (ko) | 2013-07-25 | 2015-02-04 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 표시 장치 및 이의 제조 방법 |
| KR102267780B1 (ko) * | 2013-08-12 | 2021-06-23 | 쓰리엠 이노베이티브 프로퍼티즈 컴파니 | 광 추출 필름을 갖는 방사 용품 |
| JP6158248B2 (ja) * | 2014-05-27 | 2017-07-05 | ザ・ボード・オブ・トラスティーズ・オブ・ザ・ユニバーシティ・オブ・イリノイThe Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois | ナノ構造材料の方法および素子 |
| TWI548130B (zh) * | 2014-07-03 | 2016-09-01 | 逢甲大學 | 有機發光裝置及其製作方法 |
| US9472788B2 (en) | 2014-08-27 | 2016-10-18 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Thermally-assisted self-assembly method of nanoparticles and nanowires within engineered periodic structures |
| US10074816B2 (en) | 2014-12-22 | 2018-09-11 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Substrate structure for electronic device and production method thereof |
| TWI536633B (zh) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-06-01 | 財團法人工業技術研究院 | 一種用於電子元件之基板結構及其製法 |
| KR102061533B1 (ko) | 2015-03-13 | 2020-01-02 | 롬 앤드 하스 일렉트로닉 머트어리얼즈 엘엘씨 | 나노구조 물질 방법 및 장치 |
| KR102425836B1 (ko) * | 2015-03-24 | 2022-07-29 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 유기 발광 표시 장치 |
| US11086056B2 (en) | 2015-06-19 | 2021-08-10 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Micro-optical assemblies including transparent substrates having graphic layer and method of making thereof |
| WO2016205115A2 (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2016-12-22 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Segmented and non-segmented transfer tapes, articles therefrom and method of making and use thereof |
| EP3310578B1 (en) | 2015-06-19 | 2022-04-27 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Segmented transfer tape and method of making same |
| EP3353583A1 (en) | 2015-09-23 | 2018-08-01 | Corning Incorporated | Oled light extraction using nanostructured coatings |
| CN105355798A (zh) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-02-24 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 有机电致发光器件及其制作方法、显示装置 |
| US10446773B2 (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2019-10-15 | Oji Holdings Corporation | Substrate, optical element, mold, organic light-emitting element, organic thin-film solar cell, and method for producing substrate |
| EP3188260B1 (en) | 2015-12-31 | 2020-02-12 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Nanostructure material structures and methods |
| EP3465793B1 (en) | 2016-05-27 | 2022-03-30 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Oled display with improved color uniformity |
| CN106067516A (zh) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-11-02 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种发光器件以及发光显示装置 |
| WO2018013160A1 (en) | 2016-07-12 | 2018-01-18 | Corning Incorporated | Waveguide comprising light extraction nanostructures and display devices comprising the same |
| US10135033B2 (en) | 2016-10-20 | 2018-11-20 | Corning Incorporated | Directional light extraction for organic light emitting diode (OLED) illumination devices |
| WO2018122749A1 (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2018-07-05 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Flexible nanoparticle optical coating compositions |
| US11003287B2 (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2021-05-11 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Touch sensor for display with improved viewing angle uniformity |
| EP3803996A1 (en) | 2018-06-06 | 2021-04-14 | Corning Incorporated | Light extraction apparatus and oled displays |
| US11940636B2 (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2024-03-26 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Decoration member |
| WO2021053534A1 (en) | 2019-09-18 | 2021-03-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Articles including nanostructured surfaces and enclosed voids, and methods of making same |
| EP4090636A1 (en) | 2020-01-17 | 2022-11-23 | Corning Incorporated | Reduced coating diameter chlorine-doped silica optical fibers with low loss and microbend sensitivity |
| CN112768621B (zh) * | 2021-01-27 | 2022-03-08 | 福州大学 | 集成周期微凹面镜复合光提取结构 |
| WO2025215465A1 (en) * | 2024-04-10 | 2025-10-16 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Display system including layer with diffractive and non-diffractive regions |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5919551A (en) | 1996-04-12 | 1999-07-06 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Variable pitch structured optical film |
| KR100779777B1 (ko) * | 2000-11-02 | 2007-11-27 | 쓰리엠 이노베이티브 프로퍼티즈 컴파니 | 직시형 방사 디스플레이의 휘도 및 대비 증대 |
| KR100437886B1 (ko) * | 2001-09-25 | 2004-06-30 | 한국과학기술원 | 고발광효율 광결정 유기발광소자 |
| JP2003163075A (ja) * | 2001-11-28 | 2003-06-06 | Nec Corp | 有機el素子およびその製造方法 |
| US7140812B2 (en) | 2002-05-29 | 2006-11-28 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Diamond tool with a multi-tipped diamond |
| WO2004089042A1 (ja) * | 2003-03-12 | 2004-10-14 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 |
| US7130124B2 (en) | 2003-04-30 | 2006-10-31 | Tri Quint Semiconductor, Inc. | Average pitch gratings for optical filtering applications |
| US20060063015A1 (en) | 2004-09-23 | 2006-03-23 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Protected polymeric film |
| JP4253302B2 (ja) * | 2005-01-06 | 2009-04-08 | 株式会社東芝 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子およびその製造方法 |
| JP4517910B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-24 | 2010-08-04 | コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子ならびにこれを備えた照明装置および表示装置 |
| US20070020451A1 (en) | 2005-07-20 | 2007-01-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Moisture barrier coatings |
| TWI253771B (en) * | 2005-07-25 | 2006-04-21 | Formosa Epitaxy Inc | Light emitting diode structure |
| JP4843284B2 (ja) * | 2005-09-22 | 2011-12-21 | パナソニック電工株式会社 | 半導体発光素子およびその製造方法 |
| US7955531B1 (en) * | 2006-04-26 | 2011-06-07 | Rohm And Haas Electronic Materials Llc | Patterned light extraction sheet and method of making same |
| WO2008032557A1 (en) * | 2006-09-12 | 2008-03-20 | Konica Minolta Holdings, Inc. | Organic electroluminescence element, and illuminating device and display device provided with the organic electroluminescence element |
| US20090015142A1 (en) | 2007-07-13 | 2009-01-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Light extraction film for organic light emitting diode display devices |
| US8179034B2 (en) | 2007-07-13 | 2012-05-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Light extraction film for organic light emitting diode display and lighting devices |
| TW200929601A (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2009-07-01 | Epistar Corp | Semiconductor device |
| EP2253988A1 (en) * | 2008-09-19 | 2010-11-24 | Christie Digital Systems USA, Inc. | A light integrator for more than one lamp |
| US20100128351A1 (en) | 2008-11-21 | 2010-05-27 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Curved sided cone structures for controlling gain and viewing angle in an optical film |
| US7957621B2 (en) | 2008-12-17 | 2011-06-07 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Light extraction film with nanoparticle coatings |
| KR101029299B1 (ko) | 2008-12-30 | 2011-04-18 | 서울대학교산학협력단 | 유기 발광 소자 및 그 제조 방법 |
| US20100238529A1 (en) | 2009-03-23 | 2010-09-23 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Dithered holographic frontlight |
| JP4947095B2 (ja) * | 2009-06-16 | 2012-06-06 | 住友化学株式会社 | 光取り出し構造体 |
| US8283853B2 (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2012-10-09 | General Electric Company | Light-emitting device and article |
| US8547015B2 (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2013-10-01 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Light extraction films for organic light emitting devices (OLEDs) |
| US8692446B2 (en) | 2011-03-17 | 2014-04-08 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | OLED light extraction films having nanoparticles and periodic structures |
-
2011
- 2011-08-26 US US13/218,610 patent/US8659221B2/en active Active
-
2012
- 2012-08-20 SG SG11201400175UA patent/SG11201400175UA/en unknown
- 2012-08-20 EP EP12828447.8A patent/EP2748879A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-08-20 KR KR1020147007466A patent/KR102046367B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-08-20 WO PCT/US2012/051548 patent/WO2013032759A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2012-08-20 CN CN201280040576.XA patent/CN103765625B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-08-20 JP JP2014528440A patent/JP6100783B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-08-24 TW TW101130879A patent/TWI581476B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TWI581476B (zh) | 2017-05-01 |
| CN103765625B (zh) | 2016-08-17 |
| KR20140054317A (ko) | 2014-05-08 |
| EP2748879A1 (en) | 2014-07-02 |
| EP2748879A4 (en) | 2015-06-10 |
| WO2013032759A1 (en) | 2013-03-07 |
| JP2014529169A (ja) | 2014-10-30 |
| TW201314988A (zh) | 2013-04-01 |
| KR102046367B1 (ko) | 2019-11-19 |
| US20130051032A1 (en) | 2013-02-28 |
| SG11201400175UA (en) | 2014-03-28 |
| US8659221B2 (en) | 2014-02-25 |
| CN103765625A (zh) | 2014-04-30 |
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