JP6091486B2 - 石膏用分散剤 - Google Patents
石膏用分散剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6091486B2 JP6091486B2 JP2014504999A JP2014504999A JP6091486B2 JP 6091486 B2 JP6091486 B2 JP 6091486B2 JP 2014504999 A JP2014504999 A JP 2014504999A JP 2014504999 A JP2014504999 A JP 2014504999A JP 6091486 B2 JP6091486 B2 JP 6091486B2
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- gypsum
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- polymer
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- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 108
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- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000005263 alkylenediamine group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000005529 alkyleneoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
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- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
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- DIHKMUNUGQVFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,n',n'-tetraethylethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCN(CC)CC DIHKMUNUGQVFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXXWBTOATXBWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,n',n'-tetramethylhexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCCCCN(C)C TXXWBTOATXBWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNWSSZXZTVMPKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dihydroxypropan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCN(O)O DNWSSZXZTVMPKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBYVIBDTOCAXSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butan-2-ylbutan-2-amine Chemical compound CCC(C)NC(C)CC OBYVIBDTOCAXSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXSXRABJBXYMFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hexylhexan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCNCCCCCC PXSXRABJBXYMFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DYUWTXWIYMHBQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-prop-2-enylprop-2-en-1-amine Chemical compound C=CCNCC=C DYUWTXWIYMHBQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CATWEXRJGNBIJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-tert-butyl-2-methylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C CATWEXRJGNBIJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011970 polystyrene sulfonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002796 polystyrene sulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000019423 pullulan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- BHRZNVHARXXAHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butylamine Chemical compound CCC(C)N BHRZNVHARXXAHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PPCZRZDBVIEHMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;acetic acid;nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(O)=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O PPCZRZDBVIEHMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylamine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006163 vinyl copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B16/00—Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B16/04—Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/28—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/281—Polyepoxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers only
- C08G65/22—Cyclic ethers having at least one atom other than carbon and hydrogen outside the ring
- C08G65/24—Epihalohydrins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
- C08G65/2618—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing nitrogen
- C08G65/2621—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing nitrogen containing amine groups
- C08G65/2624—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing nitrogen containing amine groups containing aliphatic amine groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L55/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers, obtained by polymerisation reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in groups C08L23/00 - C08L53/00
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/40—Surface-active agents, dispersants
- C04B2103/408—Dispersants
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Macromonomer-Based Addition Polymer (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Polyethers (AREA)
Description
従来、石膏用の分散剤としては、ホルムアルデヒドを原料とするナフタレンスルホン酸塩ホルムアルデヒド縮合物、メラミンスルホン酸塩ホルムアルデヒド縮合物、及び、ビスフェノール類とアミノベンゼンスルホン酸のホルムアルデヒド縮合物などの化合物が広く使用されてきた(特許文献1及び特許文献2参照)。
また特許文献3には、ポリカルボン酸系の分散剤を石膏水性組成物に含有させることによって、高いフロー値と優れたセルフレベリング性を有するセルフレベリング性石膏水性組成物を為すことが提案されている。
また、石膏原料は多様であり、輸入される天然石膏、発電所や精錬所の脱硫装置から排出される排煙脱硫石膏、リン酸石膏、フッ酸石膏等の副産石膏、石膏ボード廃材から分離回収されたリサイクル石膏などが輸送コストの低減化を図る目的で工場毎に使い分けられている。これにより石膏に含まれる不純物なども各工場で異なり、その影響で石膏用減水剤の性能が充分に発揮できない場面が生じている。
すなわち本発明は、(A)ポリカルボン酸系重合体と、(B)アルキレンジアミン類及び/又はモノアミン類とエピハロヒドリンを必須成分として反応させることにより得られる重合体とを含有することを特徴とする石膏用分散剤に関する。
そして上記石膏用分散剤を石膏スラリーに含有させることにより、生産性を低下させることなく石膏ボードを製造することができる。
AOは炭素原子数2乃至4のアルキレンオキシ基を表し、具体的にはエチレンオキシ基、プロピレンオキシ基、ブチレンオキシ基が挙げられる。二種以上のアルキレンオキシ基から構成される場合、これらアルキレンオキシ基はブロック付加又はランダム付加の何れでも良い。
nは上記アルキレンオキシ基の付加モル数で1乃至200の数を表す。好ましくは5乃至120、より好ましくは10乃至100、更に好ましくは40乃至100である。
メトキシポリエチレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、メトキシ{ポリエチレングリコール(ポリ)プロピレングリコール}モノ(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシポリエチレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシ{ポリエチレングリコール(ポリ)プロピレングリコール}モノ(メタ)アクリレート、プロポキシポリエチレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、プロポキシ{ポリエチレングリコール(ポリ)プロピレングリコール}モノ(メタ)アクリレート、ブトキシポリエチレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、ブトキシ{ポリエチレングリコール(ポリ)プロピレングリコール}モノ(メタ)アクリレート等のアルコキシポリアルキレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート;ビニルアルコールアルキレンオキシド付加物、(メタ)アリルアルコールアルキレンオキシド付加物、3−ブテン−1−オールアルキレンオキシド付加物、イソプレンアルコール(3−メチル−3−ブテン−1−オール)アルキレンオキシド付加物、3−メチル−2−ブテン−1−オールアルキレンオキシド付加物、2−メチル−3−ブテン−2−オールアルキレンオキシド付加物、2−メチル−2−ブテン−1−オールアルキレンオキシド付加物、2−メチル−3−ブテン−1−オールアルキレンオキシド付加物等の不飽和アルコールポリアルキレングリコール付加物。なお本発明では、(メタ)アクリレートとはアクリレートとメタクリレートの両方をいい、(メタ)アリルアルコールとはアリルアルコールとメタリルアルコールの両方をいう。
また、上記(A)ポリカルボン酸系重合体は、水酸化リチウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化ナトリウム、アンモニア、アルキルアミン、有機アミン類などの中和剤によって、予め部分中和、或いは完全中和された形態として、本発明の石膏用分散剤に含有されることが好ましい。
石膏は無水石膏、半水石膏、二水石膏などがある。原料石膏としては、天然石膏または中和石膏もしくは副産石膏などの化学石膏を単独で、あるいはそれらの二種以上を混合したものが使用できる。主な化学石膏としてはリン酸石膏、フッ酸石膏、チタン石膏または排煙脱硫石膏などが例示される。また、原料石膏には、リサイクル石膏を含んでもよい。リサイクル石膏は、石膏ボードメーカーで自家発生する廃石膏ボード、新築時及び解体時に発生する廃石膏ボード等から回収されるリサイクル石膏であればいずれでも良い。本発明の石膏用分散剤はこれらのいずれの原料石膏に対しても好適に用いることができ、また種々の割合でブレンドされたものに対しても優れた効果が得られる。
本発明の石膏用分散剤と共に石膏ボード用等に使用される添加剤としては汎用減水剤、アルキル硫酸塩、アルキルエーテル硫酸塩、アルキルスルホン酸塩等の泡剤、消泡剤、整泡剤、硬化調整剤、撥水剤、接着剤、遅延剤などがあり、更に強化繊維としてガラス繊維、炭素繊維、古紙、バージンパルプ等を添加する、或いは、軽量骨材であるパーライト、発泡スチール等とともに石膏ボードを作製することも行なわれる。
なお、本発明の分散剤を塗り仕上げに用いる石膏用プラスターに適用することもまた容易に為し得る。
本実施例で用いた(A)ポリカルボン酸系重合体を以下に示す。
<A1>(a1)ポリエチレングリコール(46モル)モノメチルエーテルのメタクリル酸エステルと(b1)メタクリル酸の共重合物((a1):(b1)=9:1;重量平均分子量25,000)
<A2>(a2)ポリエチレングリコール(90モル)モノメチルエーテルのメタクリル酸エステルと、(b1)メタクリル酸と、(c1)ポリアミドポリアミン系単量体の共重合物((a1):(b1):(c1)=77:13:10;重量平均分子量44,000;特開2007−320786号公報記載の実施例2の共重合体)
<A3>(a3)3−メチル−3−ブテン−1−オール50EO2PO付加物と(b2)フマル酸の共重合物((a3):(b2)=8:2;重量平均分子量30,000)
本実施例で用いたアルキレンジアミン類及び/又はモノアミン類とエピハロヒドリンの反応生成物(B1〜B11)を以下の手順にて製造した。
〈分子量測定条件〉
カラム:OHpacSB-806MHQ、OHpacSB-804HQ、OHpacSB-803HQ(昭和電工(株)製)
溶離液:0.5M酢酸 硝酸ナトリウム水溶液
検出器:示差屈折計
検量線:プルラン基準
4つ口フラスコにN,N,N’,N'−テトラメチルエチレンジアミン116g(1モル)と水171gを仕込み、よく混合した。次いで35%塩酸94g(0.9モル)を40℃以下で徐々に添加し、アミンの塩酸塩を調製した。その後、温度を70℃に昇温し、エピクロロヒドリン83.3g(0.9モル)を約2時間かけて滴下した。この間、温度は70〜80℃に保持した。エピクロルヒドリン滴下終了後、同温度で6時間反応を続行し、重合体B1の50質量%水溶液を得た。得られた重合体の重量平均分子量は223,000であった。
合成例1と同様の方法でN,N−ジメチル−N’,N'−ジヒドロキシエチルプロピレンジアミン190g(1モル)とエピクロロヒドリン88g(0.95モル)を反応させ、重合体B2の50質量%水溶液を得た。得られた重合体の重量平均分子量は125,000であった。
合成例1と同様の方法でN,N,N’,N'−テトラヒドロキシエチルエチレンジアミン236g(1モル)とエピクロロヒドリン92.5(1モル)とを反応させ、重合体B3の50質量%水溶液を得た。得られた重合体の重量平均分子量は573,000であった。
合成例1と同様の方法でN,N,N’,N'−テトラヒドロキシエチルエチレンジアミン236g(1モル)とエピクロルヒドリン50.9(0.55モル)とを反応させ、重合体B4の50質量%水溶液を得た。得られた重合物の重量平均分子量は63,000であった。
4つ口フラスコにジエチルアミノエチルアミン116g(1モル)と水196gを仕込み、よく混合した。温度を40〜50℃に保持しながらエピクロロヒドリン88g(0.95モル)を約2時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、同温度で1時間、更に70〜80℃で8時間反応を続行させ、重合体B5の50質量%水溶液を得た。得られた重合体の重量平均分子量は21,000であった。
合成例5と同様の方法でジメチルアミノプロピルアミン102g(1モル)とエピクロロヒドリン92.5g(1モル)を反応させ、重合体B6の50質量%水溶液を得た。得られた重合体の重量平均分子量は35,000であった。
合成例5と同様の方法でジメチルアミノプロピルアミン102g(1モル)とエピクロルヒドリン55.5g(0.6モル)を反応させ、重合体B7の50質量%水溶液を得た。得られた重合物の重量平均分子量は5,300であった。
合成例5と同様の方法でジメチルアミン45.1g(1モル)とエピクロロヒドリン92.5g(1モル)を反応させ、重合体B8の50質量%水溶液を得た。得られた重合体の重量平均分子量は620,000であった。
合成例5と同様の方法でジメチルアミン45.1g(1モル)とエピクロルヒドリン46.3g(0.5モル)を反応させ、重合体B9の50質量%水溶液を得た。得られた重合物の重量平均分子量は6,600であった。
合成例5と同様の方法でジメチルアミン22.6g(0.5モル)とジメチルアミノプロピルアミン51g(0.5モル)とエピクロロヒドリン92.5g(1モル)を反応させ、重合体B10の50質量%水溶液を得た。得られた重合体の重量平均分子量は960,000であった。
合成例5と同様の方法でジメチルアミン22.6g(0.5モル)とジメチルアミノプロピルアミン51g(0.5モル)とエピクロルヒドリン46.3g(0.5モル)を反応させ、B11の50質量%水溶液を得た。得られた重合体の重量平均分子量は9,000であった。
表2に示す組成割合で実施例1〜51及び比較例1〜3の石膏用分散剤を調製し、石膏分散性と石膏硬化遅延性を以下の試験方法にて試験した。
<石膏分散性>
表2(表2−1及び表2−2)に示す(A)成分及び(B)成分を同表に示す配合比(質量比)にて混合した実施例1〜51、比較例1〜3の各石膏用分散剤を、固形分基準で0.18g(対石膏0.06質量%)となるように秤量し、水を加え総量で195gになるように練り水を調整した。これに表1に示す配合組成の焼石膏又は市販の焼石膏(No.6)300gを加え(水石膏比65%)、小型ジューサーミキサーで10秒間練り混ぜを行った。
ウレタン製ボード(35cm×35cm)中央に上部内径75mm、下部内径85mm、高さ40mmの円筒形中空筒を事前に準備し、練り混ぜを行った石膏スラリーを容器(円筒形中空筒)が一杯になるまで直ちに流し込んだ。その後中空筒をウレタンボードと垂直な方向に引き上げ、石膏スラリーの広がりを測定した。広がりの最大とみられる径とそれと垂直な径を測定し、その平均値を分散性の指標とした。
得られた結果(径の平均値)を表2(表2−1及び表2−2)に示す。
分散性試験と同様に、実施例1〜51、比較例1〜3の各石膏用分散剤を固形分基準で0.18g(対石膏0.06質量%)となるように正秤し、練り水を添加し合計で195gになるように調整した。これに表1に示す配合組成の焼石膏又は市販の焼石膏(No.6)300gを加え(水石膏比65%)、小型ジューサーミキサーで10秒間練り混ぜを行った。
練り混ぜ後、出来上がった石膏スラリーを直ちに紙コップに移し変え、ここにデジタル温度計を差し込み、石膏の硬化に伴う発熱温度を10秒単位で測定し、最大温度に到達した時間を昇温ピーク時間とし、硬化遅延性の指標とした。
得られた結果を(昇温ピーク時間)表2(表2−1及び表2−2)に示す。
一方、アミンとエピハロヒドリンの縮合物を用いない比較例1乃至3では、市販品であるNo.6の焼石膏を用いた場合には実施例と同程度の結果を示すものもあったが、実際の石膏ボード製造において工場で種々の石膏をブレンドし使用することを想定したNo.1〜No.5の焼石膏では、分散性、硬化遅延性ともに実施例と比べて劣る結果となった。
Claims (6)
- 前記アルキレンジアミン類がジアルキルアミノアルキルアミンである、請求項1に記載の石膏用分散剤。
- 前記(A)ポリカルボン酸系重合体が、ポリアルキレングリコール系不飽和単量体(a)に由来する構成単位と、不飽和カルボン酸系単量体(b)に由来する構成単位を有するものである、請求項1又は2に記載の石膏用分散剤。
- 前記(A)成分と(B)成分の割合が、質量比で(A):(B)=1:1〜30:1である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の石膏用分散剤。
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