JP6062865B2 - 遷移金属複合酸化物の前駆体の製造方法 - Google Patents
遷移金属複合酸化物の前駆体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6062865B2 JP6062865B2 JP2013540473A JP2013540473A JP6062865B2 JP 6062865 B2 JP6062865 B2 JP 6062865B2 JP 2013540473 A JP2013540473 A JP 2013540473A JP 2013540473 A JP2013540473 A JP 2013540473A JP 6062865 B2 JP6062865 B2 JP 6062865B2
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- transition metal
- present
- aqueous solution
- carbonate
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- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 100
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 26
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- -1 transition metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 18
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical group [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004820 halides Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 43
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 23
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 18
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 8
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC=C CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diammonium sulfite Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])=O PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910000357 manganese(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000002048 multi walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 3
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002109 single walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SPEUIVXLLWOEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COC(C)OC SPEUIVXLLWOEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001514 alkali metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000361 cobalt sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940044175 cobalt sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940069096 dodecene Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005677 ethinylene group Chemical group [*:2]C#C[*:1] 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- OPQJFSZMXPLTBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N furan-2,5-dione phosphoric acid Chemical compound C1(C=C/C(=O)O1)=O.P(=O)(O)(O)O OPQJFSZMXPLTBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);diacetate Chemical compound [Mn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000016 manganese(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910000008 nickel(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920005629 polypropylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DJEHXEMURTVAOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bisulfite Chemical compound [K+].OS([O-])=O DJEHXEMURTVAOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium chloride Inorganic materials [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010259 potassium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfite Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])=O BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical class [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000006234 thermal black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-Stilbene Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N trans-stilbene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000299 transition metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/006—Compounds containing, besides nickel, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
- H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G45/00—Compounds of manganese
- C01G45/006—Compounds containing, besides manganese, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G51/00—Compounds of cobalt
- C01G51/006—Compounds containing, besides cobalt, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
- C01P2002/52—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/30—Particle morphology extending in three dimensions
- C01P2004/32—Spheres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
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Description
(A)式(I)の材料):
Mは、一種以上の遷移金属であり、
Aは、ナトリウムまたはカリウムであり、
Bは、周期律表の1〜3族の金属であって、Naとカリウム以外のものであり、
Xは、ハロゲンイオン、硝酸イオンまたはカルボン酸イオンであり、
bは、0.75〜0.98の範囲であり、
cは、0〜0.50の範囲であり、
dは、0〜0.50の範囲であり、
(c+d)の合計が、0.02〜0.50の範囲であり、
eは、0〜0.1の範囲であり、
fは、0〜0.05の範囲であり、
gは、0〜0.05の範囲であり、
hは、0〜0.10の範囲であり、
mは、0.002〜0.1の範囲である)、
を、8.0〜9.0の範囲のpHで水溶液から析出させ、
(B)該析出した材料を母液から分離する遷移金属複合酸化物の前駆体の製造方法であって、
一般式(I)の材料の粒子が球状の形状を持つことを特徴とする方法に関する。
Mは、一種以上の遷移金属、例えばNiやMn、Co、Fe、Cu、Zn、Ti、Cr であり、好ましくは2〜4種の遷移金属の組合せ、特に好ましくは3種の遷移金属、特にニッケルとマンガンとコバルトの組合せであり、
Aは、カリウムまたは、好ましくはナトリウムあり、
Bは、一種以上の周期律表の1〜3族の金属でナトリウムとカリウム以外のものであり、
好ましくはセシウムとルビジウムであり、特に好ましくはリチウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、アルミニウムと、上述の元素の2つ以上の混合物であり、
Xは、ハライド、例えばブロミド、好ましくはクロリド、特に好ましくはフルオリド、 またニトレートまたはカルボキシレートであり、好ましくはC1−C7−カルボキシレート、特にベンゾエートまたはアセテートであり、
bは、0.75〜0.98の範囲であり、
cは、0〜0.50の範囲、好ましくは最大で0.30であり、
dは、0〜0.50の範囲、好ましくは最大で0.30であり、
(c+d)の合計は、0.02〜0.50の範囲、好ましくは最大で0.30であり、
eは、0〜0.1の範囲、好ましくは最大で0.05であり、
fは、0〜0.05の範囲であり、
gは、0〜0.05の範囲であり、
hは、0〜0.1の範囲、好ましくは最大で0.05であり、
mは、0.002〜0.1の範囲、好ましくは最大で0.05である)
を、8.0〜9.0の範囲のpHの水溶液から析出させる。
(A’)式(I)の材料:
Mは、一種以上の遷移金属であり、
Aは、ナトリウムまたはカリウムであり、
Bは、周期律表の1〜3族の一種以上の金属であって、ナトリウムとカリウム以外のものであり、
Xは、ハロゲンイオン、硝酸イオンまたはカルボン酸イオンであり、
bは、0.75〜0.98の範囲であり、
cは、0〜0.50の範囲であり、
dは、0〜0.50の範囲であり、
(c+d)の合計が、0.02〜0.50の範囲であり、
eは、0〜0.1の範囲であり、
fは、0〜0.05の範囲であり、
gは、0〜0.05の範囲であり、
hは、0〜0.10の範囲であり、
mは、0.002〜0.1の範囲である)、
が水溶液から析出され(なお、母液中の遷移金属Mの総濃度は50ppm〜2000ppmの範囲、好ましくは100〜1000ppmの範囲である)、
(B)この析出した材料が母液から分離される(なお、一般式(I)の材料の粒子は球状の形状を持つ)。
Mは、一種以上の遷移金属(例えば、Ni、Mn、Co、Fe、Cu、Zn、Ti、Cr)であり、好ましくは2〜4種の遷移金属、特に好ましくは3種の遷移金属、特にニッケルとマンガンとコバルトの組合せであり、
Aは、カリウムまたは好ましくはナトリウムであり、
Bは、周期律表の1〜3族の一種以上の金属で、ナトリウムとカリウム以外のもの、好ましくはセシウムとルビジウム、特に好ましくはリチウムとマグネシウム、カルシウム、アルミニウム、またこれらの元素の二つ以上の混合物であり、
Xは、ハライド(例えばブロミド、好ましくはクロリド特に好ましくはフルオリド)、ニトレートまたはカルボキシレート、好ましくはC1−C7−カルボキシレート、特にベンゾエートまたはアセテートであり、
bは、0.75〜0.98の範囲であり、
cは、0〜0.50の範囲、好ましくは最大で0.30であり、
dは、0〜0.50の範囲、好ましくは最大で0.30であり、
(c+d)の合計が、0.02〜0.50の範囲、好ましくは最大で0.30であり、
eは、0〜0.1の範囲、好ましくは最大で0.05であり、
fは、0〜0.05の範囲であり、
gは、0〜0.05の範囲であり、
hは、0〜0.1の範囲、好ましくは最大で0.05であり、
mは、0.002〜0.1の範囲、好ましくは最大で0.05である)、
であって、水を含んでいてもよく、
一般式(I)の材料の粒子が球状の形状を持つものを提供する。このような特徴をもつ材料を、本発明の目的では、本発明の材料とよぶこともある。
製造すると、この電気化学セルは非常に優れたサイクル安定性を示す。
炭素(例えば、カーボンブラック、グラファイト、グラフェン、炭素ナノチューブまたは活性炭)を含むことができる。
例えば、A. Jess et al. in Chemie Ingenieur Technik 2006、78、94−100に記載されている。
1,2−ジメトキシエタンが好ましい。
R1とR2とR3は、同一であるか異なっており、水素とC1−C4−アルキル(例えば、メチル、エチル、n−プロピル、イソプロピル、n−ブチル、イソブチル、sec−ブチル、tert−ブチル)から選ばれ、R7とR8は、好ましくは共にtert−ブチルではない。
I.1,試験1の一般的な方法
以下の溶液を作製した。
1.5lの水を、窒素流(40標準的なl/h)下55℃で撹拌(1500rpm)しながら連続運転中の析出装置に入れ、溶液(a.1)を一定の供給速度PRa.1で、また溶液(b.1)を一定の供給速度PRb.1で同時にポンプ供給した。この結果、析出装置中に相当する式(I.1)〜(I.11)に材料が析出し、懸濁液が形成された。
この懸濁液を濾過して析出物を分離し、水で洗浄した。この析出物を105℃で乾燥オーブン中で一夜乾燥させ、次いで開口径が50μmの篩を用いて篩い分けした。
試験1では、硫酸アンモニウムの濃度とPRa.1とPRb.1を変化させた。PRb.1を増加させるとpHが増加し、溶液中の金属濃度が減少した。
以下の溶液を調整した。
溶液(a.2):0.363mol/kgの硫酸ニッケルと、0.198mol/kgの硫酸コバルトと1.089mol/kgの硫酸マンガン(II)を溶解して遷移金属塩の水溶液を得た。溶液(a.2)の総遷移金属濃度は1.650mol/kgであった。ρa.2=1.3g/ml
以下の溶液を調整した。
以下の溶液を調整した。
II.1遷移金属複合酸化物TMO.14の調整
材料(I.14)をLi2CO3と混合し(Li:Ni:Mnのモル比=0.5:0.25:0.75)、900℃のマッフル炉中で12時間焼成した。このようにして、スピネル構造をもつ本発明の変性遷移金属複合酸化物TMO.14が、変性前駆体から得られた。
材料(I.12)をLi2CO3と混合(Li:Ni:Co:Mnモル比=1.5:0.22:0.11:0.67)し、900℃のマッフル炉中で12時間焼成した。このようにして、シート構造をもつ本発明の変性遷移金属複合酸化物TMO.12が得られた。
使用材料:
導電性炭素含有材料:炭素(C−1):カーボンブラック、BET表面積:62m2/g、ティムカル社から「スーパーP・Li」として販売中。
バインダー(BM.1):フッ化ビニリデンとヘキサフルオロプロペンのコポリマー、粉末状で、アルケマ社からキナールフレックス(R)2801として販売中。
Claims (13)
- 遷移金属複合酸化物の前駆体の製造方法であって、
(A)一般式(I)の材料:
M(CO3)bOc(OH)dAmBe(SO4)fXg(PO4)h (I)
(式中の変数は次のように定義される:
Mは、Ni、Mn、Coの組合せから選択され、
Aは、ナトリウムまたはカリウムであり、
Bは、Li、Rb、Cs、Mg、Ca、Al及びこれら元素の2種以上の混合物から選択され、
Xは、ハライド、ニトレートまたはカルボキシレートであり、
bは、0.75〜0.98の範囲であり、
cは、0〜0.50の範囲であり、
dは、0〜0.50の範囲であり、
(c+d)の合計が、0.02〜0.50の範囲であり、
eは、0〜0.1の範囲であり、
fは、0〜0.05の範囲であり、
gは、0〜0.05の範囲であり、
hは、0〜0.10の範囲であり、
mは、0.002〜0.1の範囲である)、
を、炭酸のMに対するモル比が0.7〜2.0になるようにMの遷移金属塩の水溶液に炭酸ナトリウム又は炭酸カリウムの溶液を添加して8.0〜9.0の範囲のpHの前記水溶液から析出させ、
(B)該一般式(I)の材料の粒子が球状の形状を有し、該析出した材料を母液から分離することを特徴とする前駆体の製造方法。 - 工程(B)の後に、一つ以上の洗浄工程(C)と、一つ以上の乾燥工程(D)が続く請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- Xがフッ化物である請求項1または2に記載の製造方法。
- 粒子径(D50)が2〜50μmの範囲である請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 55〜85モル%のMがMnとして選ばれる請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 上記析出が、炭酸ナトリウムまたは炭酸カリウムの水溶液を遷移金属Mの酢酸塩、硫酸塩または硝酸塩の水溶液に添加して行われる請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 遷移金属複合酸化物の前駆体の製造方法であって、
(A’)一般式(I)の材料:
M(CO3)bOc(OH)dAmBe(SO4)fXg(PO4)h (I)
(式中の変数は次のように定義される:
Mは、Ni、Mn、Coの組合せから選択され、
Aは、ナトリウムまたはカリウムであり、
Bは、Li、Rb、Cs、Mg、Ca、Al及びこれら元素の2種以上の混合物から選択され、
Xは、ハライド、ニトレートまたはカルボキシレートであり、
bは、0.75〜0.98の範囲であり、
cは、0〜0.50の範囲であり、
dは、0〜0.50の範囲であり、
(c+d)の合計が、0.02〜0.50の範囲であり、
eは、0〜0.1の範囲であり、
fは、0〜0.05の範囲であり、
gは、0〜0.05の範囲であり、
hは、0〜0.10の範囲であり、
mは、0.002〜0.1の範囲である)、
を、炭酸のMに対するモル比が0.7〜2.0になるようにMの遷移金属塩の水溶液に炭酸ナトリウム又は炭酸カリウムの溶液を添加して前記水溶液から析出させ (その際、母液中の遷移金属Mの総濃度が50ppm〜2000ppmの範囲である)、
(B)該一般式(I)の材料の粒子が球状の形状を有し、該析出した材料を母液から分離することを特徴とする前駆体の製造方法。 - 粒子状の一般式(I)の材料:
(式中の変数は次のように定義される:
Mは、Ni、Mn、Coの組合せから選択され、
Aは、ナトリウムまたはカリウムであり、
Bは、Li、Rb、Cs、Mg、Ca、Al及びこれら元素の2種以上の混合物から選択され、
Xは、ハライド、ニトレートまたはカルボキシレートであり、
bは、0.75〜0.98の範囲であり、
cは、0〜0.50の範囲であり、
dは、0〜0.50の範囲であり、
(c+d)の合計が、0.02〜0.50の範囲であり、
eは、0〜0.1の範囲であり、
fは、0〜0.05の範囲であり、
gは、0〜0.05の範囲であり、
hは、0〜0.10の範囲であり、
mは、0.002〜0.1の範囲である)、
であって、水を含んでいてもよく、
一般式(I)の材料の粒子が球状の形状を持つ材料。 - Mが、Ni、Mn、Co、Fe、Zn、Cr、及びTiから選ばれる少なくとも二種の遷移金属から選択される請求項8に記載材料。
- 55〜85モル%のMがMnとして選ばれる請求項8から9のいずれか一項に記載の材料。
- その粒子径(D50)が2〜50μmの範囲である請求項8から10のいずれか一項に記載の材料。
- 請求項8〜11のいずれか一項に記載の材料の遷移金属複合酸化物の製造のための使用。
- 請求項8〜12のいずれか一項に記載の少なくとも一つの材料と少なくとも一種のリチウム化合物の混合物が、600〜1000℃の範囲の温度で熱処理される遷移金属複合酸化物の製造方法。
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EP2457873A1 (de) | 2012-05-30 |
EP2457873B1 (de) | 2018-10-31 |
WO2012070012A1 (en) | 2012-05-31 |
JP2014503451A (ja) | 2014-02-13 |
CN103221339A (zh) | 2013-07-24 |
CN103221339B (zh) | 2015-08-12 |
TW201231403A (en) | 2012-08-01 |
KR20130133797A (ko) | 2013-12-09 |
KR101963103B1 (ko) | 2019-03-28 |
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