JP6005151B2 - 担体酸化物上の金属の堆積方法 - Google Patents
担体酸化物上の金属の堆積方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6005151B2 JP6005151B2 JP2014516281A JP2014516281A JP6005151B2 JP 6005151 B2 JP6005151 B2 JP 6005151B2 JP 2014516281 A JP2014516281 A JP 2014516281A JP 2014516281 A JP2014516281 A JP 2014516281A JP 6005151 B2 JP6005151 B2 JP 6005151B2
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- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 24
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- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 8
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
i)耐火性酸化物と遷移金属および1つまたは複数の配位子から形成された錯体を含む1つまたは複数の前駆化合物との乾燥均質混合物を提供する工程であって、錯体が100℃〜500℃の温度において分解して金属または金属イオンを生じる工程と、
ii)金属前駆体を分解するために十分な温度および時間において混合物をか焼する工程と、
iii)担持酸化物(supported oxide)を得る工程とを含む、耐火性酸化物上に高度に分散された遷移金属の堆積を提供する方法が好ましいと考えられる。
ML1 mL2 n(I)
の構造を有してもよく、
式中、
Mが上述の群から選択される金属である。
L1がカルボニル、アミン、アルケン、アレーン、ホスフィンまたは他の中性配位性配位子であってもよい。L2がアセテート、アルコキシであってもよく、または有利にはジケトネート、ケトイミナトまたは式II:
式中、
R1およびR2が独立にアルキル、置換アルキル、アリール、置換アリール、アシルおよび置換アシルである。
a)簡素さ:当該方法は、2つ以上の乾燥粉末の均質混合と、その後の高温処理とを含む。複雑な混合装置またはスラリー処理システムを必要としない。乾式法は、(有機)溶剤、スラリーの濾過、洗浄または乾燥の必要性を全く無くする。さらに当該方法は、か焼の間に使用される雰囲気または反応器の圧力の影響を受けない。これは、保護ガスも還元ガスも適用される必要がないという点において先行技術に優る利点である。
本明細書において用語「第1の」、「第2の」等は重要性のいかなる順序も示さず、むしろ1つの要素と別の要素とを区別するために使用され、本明細書において用語「a」および「an」は量の限定を示すのではなく、むしろ参照された品目の少なくとも1つの存在を示すことにさらに留意すべきである。さらに、本明細書に開示された全ての範囲は包含的且つ組み合わせ可能であり、例えば、「約25重量パーセント(重量%)までで、約5重量%〜約20重量%が望ましく、約10重量%〜約15重量%がより望ましい」は範囲の端点と全ての中間値を包含し、例えば「約5重量%〜約25重量%、約5重量%〜約15重量%」等を包含する。
Pt(acac)2:白金(II)アセチルアセトネート、
Pd(acac)2:パラジウム(II)アセチルアセトネート、
Pd(OAc)2:酢酸パラジウム(II)、
Pd(tmhd)2:ビス(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−3,5−ヘプタンジオナト)パラジウム(II)、
Rh(acac)3:ロジウム(III)アセチルアセトネート、
Rh(CO)2(acac):ジカルボニルアセチルアセトナトロジウム(I)、
Ru3(CO)12:ルテニウムカルボニル、
Ru(acac)3:ルテニウム(III)アセチルアセトネート、
Fe(acac)3:鉄(III)アセチルアセトネート、
Ag(acac):銀(I)アセチルアセトネート、
Cu(acac)2:銅(II)アセチルアセトネート。
EA−Pt:エタノールアミンヘキサヒドロキシ白金(III)酸、
Pd(NO3)2:硝酸パラジウム(II)、
Rh(NO3)3:硝酸ロジウム(III)、
Ru(NO)(NO3)3:硝酸ニトロシルルテニウム(III)、
AgNO3:硝酸銀(I)、
Cu(NO3)2:硝酸銅(II)、
Fe(NO3)3:硝酸鉄(III)、
耐火性酸化物:
γ−Al2O3:ガンマ酸化アルミニウム、BET表面積:150m2/g、
La/Al2O3:酸化ランタン4重量%で安定化されたガンマ酸化アルミニウム、BET表面積:150m2/g、
CYZ:30/60/10の重量比を有する共沈セリウム/ジルコニウム/イットリウム混合酸化物、BET表面積:70m2/g。
γ−Al2O3上に0.5重量%のPt(表1、参照試料1)
試料を調製するために、初めに、アルミナをEA−Ptの水溶液で湿潤含浸し、その後に、80℃の静止空気中で24時間乾燥させ、引き続いて2時間500℃において静止空気中でか焼した。
γ−Al2O3上に2重量%のPt(表1、参照試料2)
試料を調製するために、初めに、アルミナをEA−Ptの水溶液で湿潤含浸し、その後に、80℃の静止空気中で24時間乾燥させ、引き続いて2時間500℃において静止空気中でか焼した。
γ−Al2O3上に2重量%のPd(表1、参照試料3)
試料を調製するために、初めに、アルミナをPd(NO3)2の水溶液で湿潤含浸し、その後に、80℃の静止空気中で24時間乾燥させ、引き続いて2時間500℃において静止空気中でか焼した。
γ−Al2O3上に2重量%のRh(表1、参照試料4)
試料を調製するために、初めに、アルミナをRh(NO3)3の水溶液で湿潤含浸し、その後に、80℃の静止空気中で24時間乾燥させ、引き続いて2時間500℃において静止空気中でか焼した。
γ−Al2O3上に2重量%のRu(表1、参照試料5)
試料を調製するために、初めに、アルミナをRu(NO)(NO3)3の水溶液で湿潤含浸し、その後に、80℃の静止空気中で24時間乾燥させ、引き続いて4時間500℃において静止空気中でか焼した。
γ−Al2O3上に2重量%のRu(表1、参照試料6)
試料を調製するために、初めに、アルミナをRu(NO)(NO3)3の水溶液で湿潤含浸し、その後に、80℃の静止空気中で24時間乾燥させ、引き続いて4時間500℃において流動窒素下でか焼した。
γ−Al2O3上に1重量%のAg(表1、参照試料7)
試料を調製するために、初めに、アルミナをAgNO3の水溶液で湿潤含浸し、その後に、80℃の静止空気中で24時間乾燥させ、引き続いて4時間500℃において静止空気中でか焼した。
γ−Al2O3上に1重量%のCu(表1、参照試料8)
試料を調製するために、初めに、アルミナをCu(NO3)2の水溶液で湿潤含浸し、その後に、80℃の静止空気中で24時間乾燥させ、引き続いて4時間500℃において静止空気中でか焼した。
CYZ上に1重量%のCu(表1、参照試料9)
試料を調製するために、初めに、CYZをCu(NO3)2の水溶液で湿潤含浸し、その後に、80℃の静止空気中で24時間乾燥させ、引き続いて4時間500℃において静止空気中でか焼した。
CYZ上に1重量%のFe(表1、参照試料10)
試料を調製するために、初めに、CYZをFe(NO3)3の水溶液で湿潤含浸し、その後に、80℃の静止空気中で24時間乾燥させ、引き続いて4時間500℃において静止空気中でか焼した。
γ−Al2O3上に0.5重量%のPt(表1、1)
1.03gのPt(acac)2(48.6重量%のPt)を250mLの容量の密封可能なプラスチックボトル内で103gのγ−Al2O3と粗く混合した。次に10gのY安定化ZrO2ビーズ、(5mmの直径)を添加した。ボトルを密封し、回転ミキサー(Olbrich Model RM500、0.55KW)内に固定し、5分間にわたって振動によって均質化した。次に、ボトルを回転ミキサーから外し、混合物を粗いふるいを通過させてビーズを除去した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、流動N2下で450℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
γ−Al2O3上に2.0重量%のPt(表1、2)
4.11gのPt(acac)2(48.6重量%のPt)を102gのγ−Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、流動N2下で450℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
γ−Al2O3上に0.5重量%のPd(表1、5)
1.43gのPd(acac)2(35.0重量%Pd)を109gのγ−Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、静止空気中で300℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
CYZ上に2.0重量%のPd(表1、6)
5.71gのPd(acac)2(35.0重量%Pd)を102gのCYZと粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、静止空気中で300℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
γ−Al2O3上に2.0重量%のPd(表1、7)
4.26gのPd(OAc)2(47.0重量%Pd)を102gのγ−Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、静止空気中で350℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
CYZ上に2.0重量%のPd(表1、8)
4.26gのPd(OAc)2(47.0重量%Pd)を101gのCYZと粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、静止空気中で300℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
γ−Al2O3上に2.0重量%のPd(表1、9)
5.71gのPd(acac)2(35.0重量%Pd)を108gのγ−Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、静止空気中で300℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
γ−Al2O3上に0.5重量%のRh(表1、10)
2.06gのRh(acac)3(24.2重量%Rh)を109gのγ−Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、静止空気中で300℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
γ−Al2O3上に0.5重量%のRh(表1、11)
2.06gのRh(acac)3(24.2重量%Rh)を109gのγ−Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、流動窒素下で450℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
γ−Al2O3上に0.5重量%のRh(表1、12)
1.25gのRh(CO)2(acac)(40.0重量%Rh)を103gのγ−Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、流動窒素下で450℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
γ−Al2O3上に2.0重量%のRh(表1、13)
8.25gのRh(acac)3(24.2重量%Rh)を108gのγ−Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、流動窒素下で450℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
γ−Al2O3上に2.0重量%のRh(表1、14)
5.00gのRh(CO)2(acac)(40.0重量%Rh)を102gのγ−Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、流動窒素下で450℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
CYZ上に2.0重量%のRh(表1、15)
8.25gのRh(acac)3(24.2重量%Rh)を102gのCYZと粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、静止空気中で500℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
γ−Al2O3上に2.0重量%のRu(表1、16)
7.87gのRu(acac)3(25.4重量%Ru)を101gのγ−Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、流動窒素下で400℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
γ−Al2O3上に2.0重量%のRu(表1、17)
4.19gのRu3(CO)12(47.7重量%Ru)を101gのγ−Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、流動窒素下で400℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
γ−Al2O3上にPdRhを担持し、1重量%のPdおよび1重量%のRhを有する(表1、18)
4.12gのRh(acac)3、2.86gのPd(acac)2を103gのγ−Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、静止空気中で500℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
γ−Al2O3上にPtPdを担持し、1重量%のPtおよび1重量%のPdを有する(表1、19)
2.06gのPt(acac)2、2.86gのPd(acac)2を103gのγ−Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、流動窒素下で500℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
γ−Al2O3上にPtFeを担持し、1重量%のPtおよび1重量%のFeを有する(表1、20)
2.06gのPt(acac)2、6.33gのFe(acac)3を103gのγ−Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、流動窒素下で500℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
γ−Al2O3上にRhFeを担持し、1重量%のRhおよび1重量%のFeを有する(表1、21)
4.12gのRh(acac)3、6.33gのFe(acac)3を103gのγ−Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、流動窒素下で500℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
γ−Al2O3上にPdRhを担持し、1重量%のPdおよび1重量%のRhを有する(表1、18)
4.12gのRh(acac)3、2.86gのPd(acac)2を103gのγ−Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、流動窒素下で500℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
γ−Al2O3上に1.0重量%のAg(表1、23)
1.92gのAg(acac)(52.1重量%Ag)を104gのγ−Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、静止空気中で500℃に加熱し、1時間にわたって維持した。
γ−Al2O3上に1.0重量%のCu(表1、24)
4.12gのCu(acac)2(24.2重量%Cu)を104gのγ−Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、流動窒素下で500℃に加熱し、1時間にわたって維持した。
CYZ上に1.0重量%のCu(表1、25)
4.12gのCu(acac)2(24.2重量%Cu)を103gのCYZと粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、静止空気中で400℃に加熱し、1時間にわたって維持した。
CYZ上に1.0重量%のFe(表1、26)
6.33gのFe(acac)3(15.8重量%Fe)を103gのCYZと粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、静止空気中で400℃に加熱し、1時間にわたって維持した。
La/Al2O3上に2重量%のPd(表2、参照試料11)
試料を調製するために、初めに、La/Al2O3をPd(NO3)2の水溶液と湿潤含浸し、その後に、80℃の静止空気中で24時間乾燥させ、引き続いて4時間550℃において静止空気中でか焼した。
La/Al2O3上に4重量%のPd(表2、参照試料12)
試料を調製するために、初めに、La/Al2O3をPd(NO3)2の水溶液と湿潤含浸し、その後に、80℃の静止空気中で24時間乾燥させ、引き続いて4時間550℃において静止空気中でか焼した。
La/Al2O3上に6重量%のPd(表2、参照試料13)
試料を調製するために、初めに、La/Al2O3をPd(NO3)2の水溶液と湿潤含浸し、その後に、80℃の静止空気中で24時間乾燥させ、引き続いて4時間550℃において静止空気中でか焼した。
La/Al2O3上に8重量%のPd(表2、参照試料14)
試料を調製するために、初めに、La/Al2O3をPd(NO3)2の水溶液と湿潤含浸し、その後に、80℃の静止空気中で24時間乾燥させ、引き続いて4時間550℃において静止空気中でか焼した。
La/Al2O3上に2.0重量%のPd(表2、27)
4.26gのPd(OAc)2(47.0重量%Pd)を102gのLa/Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、静止空気中で450℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
La/Al2O3上に4.0重量%のPd(表2、28)
8.51gのPd(OAc)2(47.0重量%Pd)を100gのLa/Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、静止空気中で450℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
La/Al2O3上に6.0重量%のPd(表2、29)
12.77gのPd(OAc)2(47.0重量%Pd)を97gのLa/Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、静止空気中で450℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
La/Al2O3上に8.0重量%のPd(表2、30)
17.02gのPd(OAc)2(47.0重量%Pd)を95gのLa/Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、静止空気中で450℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
La/Al2O3上に2.0重量%のPd(表2、31)
5,71gのPd(acac)2(35.0重量%Pd)を102gのLa/Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、静止空気中で350℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
La/Al2O3上に4.0重量%のPd(表2、32)
11.43gのPd(acac)2(35.0重量%Pd)を99.7gのLa/Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、静止空気中で350℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
La/Al2O3上に6.0重量%のPd(表2、33)
17.14gのPd(acac)2(35.0重量%Pd)を98.0gのLa/Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、静止空気中で350℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
La/Al2O3上に8.0重量%のPd(表2、34)
22.86gのPd(acac)2(35.0重量%Pd)を95.6gのLa/Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、静止空気中で350℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
La/Al2O3上に2.0重量%のPd(表2、35)
8.89gのPd(tmhd)2(22.5重量%Pd)を101.8gのLa/Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、静止空気中で350℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
La/Al2O3上に4.0重量%のPd(表2、36)
17.78gのPd(tmhd)2(22.5重量%Pd)を99.7gのLa/Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、静止空気中で350℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
La/Al2O3上に6.0重量%のPd(表2、37)
26.67gのPd(tmhd)2(22.5重量%Pd)を97.6gのLa/Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、静止空気中で350℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
La/Al2O3上に8.0重量%のPd(表2、38)
35.56gのPd(tmhd)2(22.5重量%Pd)を95.6gのLa/Al2O3と粗く混合し、その後に、実施例1に記載された方法を実施した。最後に、混合された粉末をか焼容器に移し、静止空気中で350℃に加熱し、2時間にわたって維持した。
実施例の得られた粉末を表3に記載されたようにメッシュ選別し、さらに改質せずに試験した。従来の栓流モデルガス反応器を使用して測定を行なった。これらの測定において、希薄燃焼排気ガスをシミュレートするガス流を様々な温度の条件下で試験試料のメッシュ選別粒子の上および中を通過させ、CO酸化においての試料の有効性をオンラインFTIR(フーリエ変換赤外線)分光計によって測定した。表3は、ここに含まれるデータの生成時に使用された全実験パラメータを記載する。
Claims (5)
- 耐火性酸化物およびそれらの混合物上に堆積された高度に分散された遷移金属の調製のための方法であって、
i)溶剤を使用せずに、アルミナ、ヘテロ原子がドープされた遷移アルミナ、シリカ、セリア、ジルコニア、セリア−ジルコニア系溶液、酸化ランタン、マグネシア、チタニア、酸化タングステンおよびそれらの混合物からなる群から選択される耐火性酸化物と、遷移金属および配位子から形成された錯体を含む1つまたは複数の前駆化合物との乾燥均質混合物を提供する工程であって、前記錯体(式I:
ML1 mL2 n
(I)
の構造を有し、
式中、
Mが上述の群から選択される金属であり、
L1がカルボニル、アミン、アルケン、アレーン、ホスフィンまたは他の中性配位性配位子であり、
L2がアセテート、アルコキシであるかまたは有利にはジケトネート、ケトイミナトまたは式II:
式中、
R1およびR2が独立にアルキル、置換アルキル、アリール、置換アリール、アシルおよび置換アシルであり、
式Iにおいて、mが0〜6の範囲の数であってもよく、nがMの原子価に等しい数であってもよく、m+nが1以上である)は100℃〜500℃の温度において分解して金属または金属イオンを生じる工程と、
ii)減圧せずに且つ特定の反応ガスの存在なしに空気中で200℃〜650℃の温度および金属前駆体を分解するために十分な時間において前記混合物をか焼する工程と、
iii)担持酸化物(supported oxide)を得る工程とを含む、方法。 - 前記金属がPd、Pt、Rh、Ir、Ru、Ag、Au、Cu、Fe、Mn、Mo、Ni、Co、Cr、V、W、Nb、Y、Ln(ランタニド)またはそれらの混合物から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 錯体配位子がジケトネート構造、カルボニル種、アセテート、およびアルケンを含む群の1つまたは混合物から選択される、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記混合物が250〜450℃の温度において10分〜4時間にわたってか焼される、請求項1〜3の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記混合物が前記耐火性酸化物と前記前駆化合物とを含み、前記酸化物上に0.01重量%の金属〜20重量%の金属の金属含有量を後にもたらす、請求項1〜4の何れか一項に記載の方法。
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2012
- 2012-06-14 CN CN201810486994.0A patent/CN108671908A/zh active Pending
- 2012-06-14 US US14/128,408 patent/US20140112849A1/en not_active Abandoned
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- 2012-06-14 EP EP12732568.6A patent/EP2723492A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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