JP5985827B2 - ポリエステル粉末組成物、方法、及び物品 - Google Patents
ポリエステル粉末組成物、方法、及び物品 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5985827B2 JP5985827B2 JP2011542574A JP2011542574A JP5985827B2 JP 5985827 B2 JP5985827 B2 JP 5985827B2 JP 2011542574 A JP2011542574 A JP 2011542574A JP 2011542574 A JP2011542574 A JP 2011542574A JP 5985827 B2 JP5985827 B2 JP 5985827B2
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- YSRFBCIGFNFMPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,3,5,7-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C=C(C(O)=O)C2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC(C(O)=O)=C21 YSRFBCIGFNFMPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011146 organic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003192 poly(bis maleimide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001643 poly(ether ketone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- CHGYKYXGIWNSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine-2,4,6-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=NC(C(O)=O)=C1 CHGYKYXGIWNSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000110 selective laser sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- BPILDHPJSYVNAF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;diiodomethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(I)I BPILDHPJSYVNAF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002076 thermal analysis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013008 thixotropic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052889 tremolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/58—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising fillers only, e.g. particles, powder, beads, flakes, spheres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/12—Making granules characterised by structure or composition
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2909/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2803/00 - B29K2807/00, as mould material
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
本願は、2009年5月7日出願の「POLYESTER POWDER COMPOSITIONS,METHODS AND ARTICLES」と題された米国仮出願第61/176,146号、及び2008年12月22日出願の「POLYESTER POWDER COMPOSITIONS,METHODS AND ARTICLES」と題された米国仮出願第61/139,932号に対する優先権を主張し、両方とも全文を参照することにより本明細書に組み込むものとする。
本発明は、粉末組成物、及びこの粉末組成物から物品を製造する方法に関する。
特に規定のない限り、本明細書で用いられる以下の用語は、以下に提供される意味を有する。
式中、「A」は、ジュール/グラム(J/g)で表される所与のポリエステルポリマーの融解熱(即ち、DSC曲線の融解部分「下」の全領域)であり、「B」は、ポリマーの100%が結晶質状態である融解熱(J/g)である。本明細書に記載されるDSC方法(例えば、サンプルの大きさ、スキャン速度等)を、DSC分析に用いてもよい。多くのポリマーでは、理論的B値は、科学文献から入手可能であり、このような値を用いてもよい。かかるB値が文献から入手できない場合、145J/gのB値を近似値として用いてもよく、これは、Cheng,Stephen、Pan,Robert、及びWunderlich,Bernard、「Thermal analysis of poly(butylene terephthalate)for heat capacity,rigid−amorphous content,and transition behavior,」Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics、第189巻、10号(1988):2219〜2512に報告されている100%結晶質のポリブチレンテレフタレート(PBT)の融解熱である。
粉末層の少なくとも一部を選択的に焼結させる工程と、
1つ以上の更なる層を前の層に適用することにより3次元物品を形成する工程と、を含む、方法。
特に指示しない限り、以下の実施例では以下の試験方法を用いた。破断点伸び、破断点引っ張り強さ、及び引っ張り弾性率試験は、長さ80mm×厚さ4mm×幅10mmの中心部分を有し、かつ試験試料の貫層平面に対して貫層平面方向に配向された焼結層を有する(即ち、HDT試験では、LS試験試料と同様の方向)、国際標準化機構(ISO)3167タイプ1Aの長さ150mmの多目的犬用骨型試験試料を用いて実施した。
HDT試験は、高温におけるLS物品の機械的特性を評価するためにISO 75−2:2004の方法Aを用いて実施した。ISO 75−2:2004の方法Aに従って、80×10×4ミリメートル(mm)(長さ×幅×厚さ)のLS試験試料の貫層方向に1.8メガパスカル(「MPa」)を適用した。
破断点伸び試験は、ISO 527に従って実施した。本発明の粉末組成物から形成されるLS試験試料は、好ましくは少なくとも約3%、より好ましくは少なくとも約5%、更により好ましくは少なくとも約10%の破断点伸びを示す。
破断点引っ張り強さ試験は、ISO 527に従って実施した。本発明の粉末組成物から形成されるLS試験試料は、好ましくは少なくとも約30MPa、より好ましくは少なくとも約40MPa、更により好ましくは少なくとも約50MPaの破断点引っ張り強さを示す。
引っ張り弾性率試験は、ISO 527に従って実施した。
実施例1〜9の粉末組成物それぞれについて、表1に列挙する材料を、指定の量、Mixaco Mischer CM 150混合器の混合容器に添加し、45秒の長さの混合工程で100毎分回転数(「rpm」)にて乾燥ブレンドすることにより、均質な粉末ブレンドを形成した。成分が全て粉末形態である訳ではない組成物は、O.C.M.製の押出成形機を用いて溶融ブレンドした。SRL製の押出成形機を用いて溶融ブレンドし、粉末に低温粉砕し、次いで残りの粉末成分と乾燥ブレンドした。実施例1、3、4、及び6〜9では、粉末形態で入手可能なAEROSIL R972、FILLEX 2AH3、及びALUMET H30材料を除いて、表1に列挙する成分を一緒に溶融ブレンドした。
以下に、出願時の特許請求の範囲の記載を示す。
[請求項1]
120〜220℃の融点を有する、少なくとも1つの半結晶質又は結晶質芳香族のレーザー焼結可能なポリエステルポリマーを含む粉末組成物を提供する工程と、
前記粉末組成物を選択的にレーザー焼結させて、3次元物品を形成する工程と、を含む、方法。
[請求項2]
前記少なくとも1つの半結晶質又は結晶質のレーザー焼結可能なポリエステルポリマーが、150℃超〜220℃の融点を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
[請求項3]
前記少なくとも1つの半結晶質又は結晶質のレーザー焼結可能なポリエステルポリマーが、130℃〜190℃の融点を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
[請求項4]
前記少なくとも1つの半結晶質又は結晶質のレーザー焼結可能なポリエステルポリマーが、−30〜80℃のガラス転移温度を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
[請求項5]
前記少なくとも1つの半結晶質又は結晶質のレーザー焼結可能なポリエステルポリマーが、150超〜190℃の融点、及び−30〜80℃のガラス転移温度を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
[請求項6]
前記少なくとも1つの半結晶質又は結晶質のレーザー焼結可能なポリエステルポリマーが、150℃未満の再結晶温度を有し、TmとTcとの温度差が25℃超である、請求項1に記載の方法。
[請求項7]
前記少なくとも1つの半結晶質又は結晶質のレーザー焼結可能なポリエステルポリマーが、テレフタル酸、イソフタル酸、ジメチルテレフタレート、又はジメチルイソフタレートのうち1つ以上から誘導されるユニットを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
[請求項8]
前記少なくとも1つの半結晶質又は結晶質のレーザー焼結可能なポリエステルポリマーが、10,000〜80,000の重量平均分子量を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
[請求項9]
前記粉末組成物が、前記粉末中のポリマー材料の重量に基づいて、50〜100重量パーセントの半結晶質又は結晶質ポリエステルを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
[請求項10]
前記粉末組成物が、少なくとも1つの非晶質ポリエステルポリマーを更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
[請求項11]
前記粉末組成物が、前記粉末中のポリマー材料の重量に基づいて、少なくとも5重量パーセントの1つ以上の非晶質ポリエステルポリマーを含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
[請求項12]
前記少なくとも1つの半結晶質又は結晶質のレーザー焼結可能なポリエステルポリマーが、レーザー焼結されたISO 3167タイプ1A多目的犬様骨型試験試料に形成され、ISO 527に従って試験されたとき、少なくとも400MPaの弾性率を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
[請求項13]
前記粉末組成物が、前記粉末組成物の総重量に基づいて、少なくとも5重量パーセントの補強粒子を更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
[請求項14]
請求項1に記載の方法により調製される3次元物品。
[請求項15]
150〜220℃の融点を有する、少なくとも1つの半結晶質又は結晶質のレーザー焼結可能なポリエステルポリマーを含む粉末組成物を提供する工程と、
前記粉末組成物を選択的にレーザー焼結させて、3次元物品を形成する工程と、を含む、方法。
[請求項16]
前記少なくとも1つの半結晶質又は結晶質のレーザー焼結可能なポリエステルポリマーが、1つ以上の芳香族基を含む、請求項15に記載の方法。
[請求項17]
2つ以上のレーザー焼結可能なポリエステルポリマーのブレンドを含む粉末組成物を提供する工程であって、
少なくとも1つの前記ポリエステルポリマーが、半結晶質又は結晶質であり、
少なくとも1つの前記ポリエステルポリマーが、非晶質である、工程と、
前記粉末組成物を選択的にレーザー焼結させて、3次元物品を形成する工程と、を含む、方法。
[請求項18]
前記少なくとも1つの半結晶質又は結晶質のポリエステルポリマーが、120〜220℃の融点を有する、請求項17に記載の方法。
[請求項19]
前記少なくとも1つの半結晶質又は結晶質のポリエステルポリマーが、1つ以上の芳香族基を含む、請求項17に記載の方法。
[請求項20]
粉末組成物であって、
少なくとも1つのレーザー焼結可能なポリエステルポリマー粉末と、
前記粉末組成物の総重量に基づいて、少なくとも約3重量パーセントの、少なくとも約5:1のアスペクト比、及び約300マイクロメートル未満の最大寸法を有する補強粒子と、を含み、
前記補強粒子の少なくとも一部が、前記粉末組成物の総重量に基づいて、前記粉末組成物の少なくとも約1重量パーセント含まれる鉱物粒子である、粉末組成物。
Claims (9)
- 2つ以上の半結晶質又は結晶質芳香族のレーザー焼結可能なポリエステルポリマーのブレンドを含む粉末組成物を提供する工程と;
前記粉末組成物を選択的にレーザー焼結させて3次元物品を形成する工程と;
を含む方法であって、少なくとも1つの前記ポリエステルポリマーが、120〜220℃の融点を有する、半結晶質又は結晶質であり、少なくとも1つの前記ポリエステルポリマーが非晶質であり、該粉末組成物の弾性率が、レーザー焼結されたISO 3167タイプ1A多目的犬用骨試験試料を形成させてISO 527に従って試験したとき、少なくとも200MPaである、上記方法。 - 半結晶質又は結晶質のレーザー焼結可能なポリエステルポリマーの少なくとも1つが、150℃超〜220℃の融点を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 半結晶質又は結晶質のレーザー焼結可能なポリエステルポリマーの少なくとも1つが、−30〜80℃のガラス転移温度を有する、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 半結晶質又は結晶質のレーザー焼結可能なポリエステルポリマーの少なくとも1つが、150℃未満の再結晶温度を有し、TmとTcとの温度差が25℃超である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 半結晶質又は結晶質のレーザー焼結可能なポリエステルポリマーの少なくとも1つが、テレフタル酸、イソフタル酸、ジメチルテレフタレート、又はジメチルイソフタレートのうち1つ以上から誘導されるユニットを含み、半結晶質又は結晶質のレーザー焼結可能なポリエステルポリマーの少なくとも1つが、10000〜80000の重量平均分子量を有する、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記粉末組成物が、前記粉末中のポリマー材料の重量に基づいて、50〜100重量パーセントの半結晶質又は結晶質ポリエステルを含む、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 半結晶質又は結晶質のレーザー焼結可能なポリエステルポリマーの少なくとも1つが、1つ以上の芳香族基を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 半結晶質又は結晶質のレーザー焼結可能なポリエステルポリマーの少なくとも1つの実質的に総てが、ポリエステルユニットを含む、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の粉末組成物を選択的にレーザー焼結させた3次元物品。
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