JP5809307B2 - 触媒薄層およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
触媒薄層およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5809307B2 JP5809307B2 JP2014052267A JP2014052267A JP5809307B2 JP 5809307 B2 JP5809307 B2 JP 5809307B2 JP 2014052267 A JP2014052267 A JP 2014052267A JP 2014052267 A JP2014052267 A JP 2014052267A JP 5809307 B2 JP5809307 B2 JP 5809307B2
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 121
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polyfluorocarbons Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910001152 Bi alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001795 coordination polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 101100059990 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) CHO2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910021397 glassy carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007084 catalytic combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002001 electrolyte material Substances 0.000 description 2
- IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCO IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003935 Flemion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001902 chlorine oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003869 coulometry Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002082 metal nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001643 poly(ether ketone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001075 voltammogram Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Catalysts (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
− 第1電子伝導層16、好ましくは金層、
− 本発明による第1触媒薄層11、好ましくは金属触媒薄層、より好ましくはPt触媒薄層であって、厚さ2μmのもの、
− PEM1、好ましくはナフィオンTM層、
− 第2触媒薄層11、好ましくは金属触媒薄層、より好ましくはPt触媒薄層であって、厚さ2μmのもの、および
− 第2電子伝導層16、好ましくは金層、
の積層を備える。その積層は、セラミック層17の表面上に形成されたパターンに従って、一連の凹凸を形成する。
Claims (9)
- 触媒薄層(11)が、ポリマーマトリックス(13)中に埋め込まれた電子伝導性の触媒ナノ粒子(12)のクラスター化されたネットワーク(14)からなり、総原子数に対する触媒原子数の比率が50%〜60%の間に含まれ、電子伝導性触媒ナノ粒子(12)の粒子サイズが3〜10nmの範囲内にあり、触媒薄層(11)が2μm以下の厚さを有し、
触媒薄層(11)が105S/m以上の電子伝導率を有し、燃料電池用触媒電極に用いられる、触媒薄層。 - 前記触媒が、純白金(Pt)、ならびに金(Au)、ロジウム(Rh)、イリジウム(Ir)、ルテニウム(Ru)、錫(Sn)、ビスマス(Bi)およびモリブデン(Mo)からなる群から選択される少なくとも一種の金属とPtとの合金および混合物からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の触媒薄層。
- 前記触媒がPt−Ru−Bi合金である、請求項1または2に記載の触媒薄層。
- ポリマーマトリックス(13)が、ポリオレフィン、ポリフルオロカーボン、および有機金属ポリマーからなる群から選択される、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の触媒薄層。
- ポリマーマトリックス(13)がイオノマーである、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の触媒薄層。
- 電子伝導層(16)を備えた燃料電池の触媒電極であって、該電子伝導層(16)が請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の触媒薄層(11)によって少なくとも部分的に覆われている、燃料電池の触媒電極。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の触媒薄層(11)の製造方法であって、電子伝導性の触媒ナノ粒子(12)とポリマーマトリックス(13)の前駆体とが基材(15)上に同時に付けられる、方法。
- 前記触媒が金属触媒であり、触媒金属ターゲットとポリマーマトリックス(13)の前駆体を含むプラズマとを用いた物理的および化学的気相成長法(PVDおよびCVD)の組み合わせにより、触媒薄層(11)が基材(15)上に付けられる、請求項7に記載の方法。
- ポリマーマトリックス(13)の前駆体が、炭化水素、フッ化水素、および有機金属からなる群から選択される、請求項7または8に記載の方法。
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JP2011543825A Division JP2012508449A (ja) | 2008-11-12 | 2008-11-12 | 触媒薄層およびその製造方法 |
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JP2014221470A JP2014221470A (ja) | 2014-11-27 |
JP5809307B2 true JP5809307B2 (ja) | 2015-11-10 |
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Families Citing this family (1)
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JP6778472B2 (ja) * | 2015-02-12 | 2020-11-04 | 国立大学法人東京工業大学 | 白金合金粉末及びその製造方法 |
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JPH10172578A (ja) * | 1996-12-13 | 1998-06-26 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 固体電解質型電気化学セルの燃料極材料 |
JP2005322430A (ja) * | 2004-05-06 | 2005-11-17 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | 三元系合金、燃料電池用触媒及び燃料電池 |
JP5013740B2 (ja) * | 2005-04-28 | 2012-08-29 | キヤノン株式会社 | 固体高分子型燃料電池の疎水性触媒層及びその製造方法、固体高分子型燃料電池及びその製造方法 |
JP5093870B2 (ja) * | 2005-07-07 | 2012-12-12 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 固体電解質複層フィルムの製造方法 |
JP5298405B2 (ja) * | 2006-04-14 | 2013-09-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池用膜電極接合体の製造方法 |
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