JP5798656B1 - ウレタン製バンパスプリングおよびその製法 - Google Patents
ウレタン製バンパスプリングおよびその製法 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
- B60G11/22—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having rubber springs only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C39/02—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
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- B29C39/24—Feeding the material into the mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/0001—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
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- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/18—Feeding the material into the injection moulding apparatus, i.e. feeding the non-plastified material into the injection unit
- B29C45/1866—Feeding multiple materials
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- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/26—Moulds
- B29C45/36—Moulds having means for locating or centering cores
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/72—Heating or cooling
- B29C45/7207—Heating or cooling of the moulded articles
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- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
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- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
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- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
- C08G18/6633—Compounds of group C08G18/42
- C08G18/6637—Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
- C08G18/664—Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3203
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
- C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
- C08G18/7671—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups containing only one alkylene bisphenyl group
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/3605—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by their material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/37—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers of foam-like material, i.e. microcellular material, e.g. sponge rubber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/373—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by having a particular shape
- F16F1/376—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by having a particular shape having projections, studs, serrations or the like on at least one surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/0002—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped monomers or prepolymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/774—Springs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
- B60G2202/10—Type of spring
- B60G2202/14—Plastic spring, e.g. rubber
- B60G2202/143—Plastic spring, e.g. rubber subjected to compression
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
- B60G2204/45—Stops limiting travel
- B60G2204/4502—Stops limiting travel using resilient buffer
- B60G2204/45021—Stops limiting travel using resilient buffer for limiting upper mount movement of a McPherson strut
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
- B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
- B60G2206/70—Materials used in suspensions
- B60G2206/73—Rubber; Elastomers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
- B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
- B60G2206/80—Manufacturing procedures
- B60G2206/81—Shaping
- B60G2206/8101—Shaping by casting
- B60G2206/81012—Shaping by casting by injection moulding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
- B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
- B60G2206/80—Manufacturing procedures
- B60G2206/81—Shaping
- B60G2206/8106—Shaping by thermal treatment, e.g. curing hardening, vulcanisation
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
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- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
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- Springs (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
1.0≦Da/Db<1.34 ……(1)
0.53<Ra/Rb≦1.0 ……(2)
1.0≦Da/Db<1.34 ……(1)
0.53<Ra/Rb≦1.0 ……(2)
1)主型(おもがた)と中子(なかご)とからなる成形型(金型)を準備する金型準備工程と、
2)上記金型の成形キャビティ内にウレタン原料を注入(注型)して加熱し、このウレタン原料を発泡・硬化(半硬化)させて、バンパスプリングの成形体(半製品)を得る一次加硫工程と、
3)上記一次加硫後のバンパスプリング成形体を主型より取り出し、ついでこの成形体の内周から中子を抜き取る脱型工程と、
4)上記脱型後のバンパスプリング成形体を加熱し、ウレタンの硬化反応を完了させて、ウレタン製バンパスプリングの製品を得る二次加硫工程と、からなる。
まず、バンパスプリング(図1参照)の形状と同じキャビティを形成することのできる金型を用意する。また、必要に応じ、その中子の表面(外周面)に、スプレーあるいはその他の方法により、離型剤を塗布し、乾燥させて、この離型剤からなる均一な被膜を形成する。そして、主型と中子を組合せ、所定の成形キャビティを形成した後、所定の温度(70℃以上)まで金型を加温する。
つぎに、上記成形型のキャビティ内に、ポリエステル系ポリオールをポリオール成分としジフェニルメタンジイソシアネートをイソシアネート成分とするウレタン原料を注入し、70℃以上(好ましくは70〜130℃)で、2〜60分間加熱して、発泡,硬化させ、ポリウレタンフォーム化させることにより、一次加硫したバンパスプリング成形体(半製品)を作製する。なお、上記加熱温度は、150℃以上になると、成形体の表面ふくれを生じるおそれもある。また、上記ウレタン原料は、プレポリマー法に従い、一旦プレポリマーを調製してから上記成形型のキャビティ内に注入してもよく、また、ワンショット法に従い、ポリオール成分とイソシアネート成分とを上記成形型のキャビティ内で混合するようにしてもよい。
つぎに、一次加硫の完了したバンパスプリング成形体を主型より取り出し、ついでこの成形体の内周から中子を抜き取る。
その後、上記のようにして金型から取り出されたバンパスプリング成形体を、加熱炉等を用いて、所定の条件にしたがって加熱し、成形体中に残存する未反応のポリオール成分とポリイソシアネート成分とを充分に反応させ、硬化反応を終了させて、ウレタン製バンパスプリングの完成品を得る。なお、上記二次加硫工程における加熱条件としては、100〜150℃程度の温度にて、3〜20時間程度加熱する条件が採用される。
そのポリオール成分がポリエステル系ポリオールであるポリオール剤(トラール HT−2040、DIC社製)
エチレングリコール
トラール SM−2、DIC社製
水
そのイソシアネート成分がMDIである、イソシアネート剤(トラール F−2560、DIC社製)
ポリオール剤100重量部と、鎖延長剤11.8重量部と、触媒1.1重量部と、発泡剤0.6重量部とからなるA液を調製した。また、イソシアネート剤169.3重量部からなるB液を準備した。つぎに、図4に示すようなバンパスプリング40の形状と同じキャビティを形成することのできる金型(主型と中子)を用意した。そして、上記主型と中子を組合せ、所定の成形キャビティを形成した後、上記主型と中子からなる金型を加温した。続いて、上記A液およびB液を、3000rpmで5秒間撹拌した(液温:40±1℃、NCOインデックス:1.0)後、上記金型内に注入し、その金型温度を70℃に保持したまま10分間、一次加硫させた。そして、上記一次加硫後のウレタン成形体を、金型より脱型し、さらにオーブンにて二次加硫(110℃×16時間)させ、目的とするウレタン製バンパスプリング(高さ(A)75mm、内径(B)20mm、外径(C)57mm《図4参照》)を作製した。
後記の表1に示すように、各成分の配合量等は、実施例1に準ずるが、一次加硫時の金型温度を実施例1と変更した。このようにして、図4に示すような形状のウレタン製バンパスプリング(高さ(A)75mm、内径(B)20mm、外径(C)57mm《図4参照》)を作製した。
バンパスプリングの断面におけるスキン層(成形体表面から厚み方向に2mm以内)とコア部(スキン層より深い部分)から、それぞれサンプルを切り出し、東洋精機社製の自動比重計DSG−1を用いて、スキン層の密度Da(g/cm3)、コア部の密度Db(g/cm3)を測定し、Da/Dbを求めた。なお、上記の、比重計による密度測定は、3箇所、各2サンプルの計6回測定を実施し、その平均値を測定値とした。
バンパスプリングの断面におけるスキン層(成形体表面から厚み方向に2mm以内)とコア部(スキン層より深い部分)の電子顕微鏡写真をとり、その気泡(中空)の直径(セル径)の10点平均から、スキン層の発泡セル径Ra(μm)、コア部の発泡セル径Rb(μm)を測定し、Ra/Rbを求めた。
図4に示すように、取付金具43と、ピストンロッド41と、当たり部42とを備えたサーボ耐久試験機に、バンパスプリング40を取付け、周波数2Hzで0〜7000Nの繰り返し(20万回)圧縮試験を行った。なお、バンパスプリング40の高さ(A)は75mmであり、内径(B)は20mmであり、外径(C)は57mmである。また、ピストンロッド41の外径(D)は12.5mmであり、当たり部42の外径(E)は50mmである。そして、初期および20万回圧縮試験後のバンパスプリングの外観を観察し、圧縮試験後に亀裂等の問題がみられたものを「×」、亀裂等の問題がみられなかったものを「○」と評価した。
Claims (3)
- 車両のショックアブソーバのピストンロッドに嵌装され、このショックアブソーバの作動ストロークを弾性的に制限する、型成形製の、外層にスキン層を有する中空円筒状ウレタン製バンパスプリングであって、ポリエステル系ポリオールをポリオール成分としジフェニルメタンジイソシアネートをイソシアネート成分とするウレタン原料からなり、そのスキン層の密度(Da)および発泡セル径(Ra)と、コア部の密度(Db)および発泡セル径(Rb)とが、下記の式(1)および(2)の関係を満たすことを特徴とするウレタン製バンパスプリング。
1.0≦Da/Db<1.34 ……(1)
0.53<Ra/Rb≦1.0 ……(2) - 上記ポリエステル系ポリオールが、エチレングリコール,ブタンジオールおよびアジピン酸の縮合重合体からなる、請求項1記載のウレタン製バンパスプリング。
- 請求項1または2記載のウレタン製バンパスプリングの製法であって、成形型のキャビティ内に、ポリエステル系ポリオールをポリオール成分としジフェニルメタンジイソシアネートをイソシアネート成分とするウレタン原料を注入し、70℃以上で加熱することにより、上記成形型内でウレタン原料を一次加硫させる工程と、上記一次加硫後のウレタン成形体を成形型より取り出す脱型工程と、上記脱型後のウレタン成形体を加熱して二次加硫させる工程とを備えることを特徴とするウレタン製バンパスプリングの製法。
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CN201580012794.6A CN106104069B (zh) | 2014-03-26 | 2015-02-25 | 聚氨酯制缓冲弹簧及其制法 |
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